Automated Solar Street lighting system using LEDs

The purpose of this project is to design and construct an automated solar street
lighting system using high power LEDs. The system illuminates light using LED s
which takes the input from the solar panel that generates energy from the sun produces
maximum energy out for solar powered applications.
Automation has created a bigger hype in the electronics. The major reason for this
hype is automation provides greater advantages like accuracy, energy conversation,
reliability and more over the automated systems do not require any human attention. Any
one of the requirements stated above demands for the design of an automated device. The
energy conversation is very important in the current scenario and should be done to a
maximum extent where ever it is possible. The system includes solar plate for generation
of energy. And the energy from the solar panels is stored in battery. The stored energy is
used for street lights. The system also has LDR sensor for detecting day/night and
controls the street light using relay switch.
A solar panel is a large flat rectangle, typically somewhere between the size of
a radiator and the size of a door, made up of many individual solar energy collectors
called solar cells covered with a protective sheet of glass. The cells, each of which is
about the size of an adult's palm, are usually octagonal and colored bluish black. Just like
the cells in a battery, the cells in a solar panel are designed to generate electricity; but
where a battery's cells make electricity from chemicals, a solar panel's cells generate
power by capturing sunlight instead. They are sometimes called photovoltaic cells
because they use sunlight ("photo" comes from the Greek word for light) to make
electricity (the word "voltaic" is a reference to electricity pioneer Alessandro Volta).
Achieving balance between power consumption and power production is a bigger
challenge today. The best way to solve this imbalanced equation is to use solar energy as
efficiently as possible. The problem in the usage of solar energy is with solar cell panel
should be exposed maximum to the sun light. The system stores this energy in the battery
using voltage interfacing connector.
Automation has created a bigger hype in the electronics. The major reason
for this hype is automation provides greater advantages like accuracy, energy

conversation, reliability and more over the automated systems do not require any human
attention. Any one of the requirements stated above demands for the design of an
automated device. The energy conversation is very important in the current scenario and
should be done to a maximum extent where ever it is possible.
In our project we have used four LEDs in place of bulbs for the indication of
street lights. To detect the present of an object we have used LDR and a source of light.
LDR is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of the light,
which is falling on it. It has resistance of about 1 mega ohm when in total darkness, but a
resistance of only about 5k ohms when brightness illuminated. It responds to a large part
of light spectrum. The system alerts the user through buzzer alarm system.
This project consists of solar cells, relay switch, LDR sensor, buzzer, voltage
regulator, voltage interfacing connector and a battery to charge up. This system works
continuously without any interruption.
Features:
1. Utilization of free available source of energy from sun
2. LDR based street light control system
3. Storage of energy into rechargeable battery.
4. Stored energy is used for streetlights.
5. Street lights automation.
6. Low Power consumption
7. High efficiency can be achieved with high intensity LED.
8. Long life.

Block Diagram: