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3) Comminutor
The typical design information for horizontal flow grit chamber with Parshall flume
control
- Detention time (s)
45 90
- Horizontal velocity
0.25 0.4 m/s
- Settling velocity for removal 0.21 mm dia 1.0 -.1.3
0.15 mm dia - 0.6 0.9
- Headloss in control section
as percent of channel depth 30 - 40
- Allowance for inlet turbulence = 2Dm 0.5L
Where Dm = maximum depth, L = length of chamber
Tutorial Problem
Design a grit chamber with three channels with a flow-through velocity of 0.3 m/s for a
plant with a maximum design flow of 1.32 m3/s, an average flow of 0.66 m3/s and a
minimum flow of 0.264 m3/s. Assume that the maximum width of each channel is 1.8 m
and design each channel for a maximum emergency flow of 0.66 m3/s, a normal
maximum flow of 0.44 m3/s, an average flow of 0.22 m3/s and a minimum flow of 0.088
m3/s. Use a fixed-width control section with vertical sides and a well rounded and
smooth approach, so that the head loss may be assumed equal to 10% of the velocity
head. The flow at the control section will be at critical depth and the critical depth
equation will apply.
3) A rectangular channel with a sutro or proportional weir. This is a combination of a weir
and an orifice designed to maintain a nearly constant velocity by varying the crosssection area of flow through the weir.
Sedimentation tanks for sewage treatment are now most commonly radial flow tanks.
They are circular in plan with floor slopes (2 -7o). The initial baffle (to minimize
turbulence) and flows outwards to the overflow weir . Mechanical scrappers are provided
for sludge collection and surface scum removal.
Performance
Primary sedimentation of domestic sewage may be expected to accomplish 30 to 45%
removal of BOD and 40 to 60% removal of suspended solids.