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I. INTRODUCTION
Android is a new, next-gen mobile operating system
that runs on the Linux Kernel. Android Mobile Application
Development is based on Java language codes, as it allows
developers to write codes in the Java language. These codes
can control mobile devices via Google-enabled Java libraries.
It is an important platform to develop mobile applications
using the software stack provided in the Google Android SDK.
Android mobile OS provides a flexible environment for
Android Mobile Application Development as the developers
can not only make use of Android Java Libraries but it is also
possible to use normal Java IDEs. The software developers at
Mobile Development India have expertise in developing
applications based on Android Java Libraries and other
important tools. Android Mobile Application Development
A. Application Fundamentals
Android applications are written in Java programming
language. However, it is important to remember that they are
not executed using the standard Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
Instead, Google has created a custom VM called Dalvik which
is responsible for converting and executing Java byte code.
All custom Java classes must be converted (this is done
automatically but can also be done manually) into a Dalvik
compatible instruction set before being executed into an
Android operating system. Dalvik VM takes the generated
Java class files and combines them into one or more Dalvik
Executable (.dex) files. It reuses duplicate information from
multiple class files, effectively reducing the space requirement
(uncompressed) by half from a traditional .jar file. Dalvik was
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E. Android Runtime
Android includes a set of core libraries that provides most
of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java
programming language [5]. Every Android application runs in
its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual
Fig. 2 Architecture of android [1]
machine. Dalvik has been written so that a device can run
C. Developing Android Applications
multiple VMs efficiently. The Dalvik VM executes files in the
The Android SDK provides an extensive set of application Dalvik Executable (.dex) format which is optimized for
programming interfaces (APIs) that is both modern and robust. minimal memory footprint. The VM is register-based, and
Android handset core system services are exposed and runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have
accessible to all applications. When granted the appropriate been transformed into the .dex format by the included "dx"
permissions, Android applications can share data among one tool. The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux kernel for underlying
another and access shared resources on the system securely functionality such as threading and low-level memory
[5]. Android applications are written in Java programming management.
language.
III. LAYERED APPROACH FOR APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
D. Application Framework
In this paper we suggest layered approach for android
By providing an open development platform, Android application development. This can be used for web based
offers developers the ability to build extremely rich and application development.
innovative applications. Developers are free to take advantage
of the device hardware, access location information, run
background services, set alarms, add notifications to the status
bar, and much, much more.
Developers have full access to the same framework APIs
used by the core applications. The application architecture is
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[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
What is android?
http://developer.android.com/guide/basics/what-is-android.html
3G Mobile Terminal Development Trend of the operating system
[M/OL]. http://pda.c114.net/32/c4948.html, 2007
Android Architecture 2010[R/OL].
http://www.cnmsdn.com/html/201003/1268713218ID2058_2 .html.
Static detection of malicious code in executable programs by J.
Bergeron, M. Debbabi, J. Desharnais, M. M. Erhioui, Y. Lavoie, and N.
Tawbi.
Android Official Website (2008)Android | Official Website,
<http://www.android.com/>.
An Android Application Sandbox System for Suspicious Software
Detection, by Thomas Blasing, Leonid Batyuk, Aubrey-Derrick
Schmidt, Seyit Ahmet Camtepe, and Sahin Albayrak
www.blackhat.com
VI. CONCLUSION
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