Tugas Fire Safety

1. Calculate the vapour densities (kg/m3) of pure carbon dioxide, propane and butane at 25C
and atmospheric pressure. Assume ideal gas behaviour!
Jawab:
Diketahui:
Patm = 101325 N/m2
R = 8,31431 J/K.mol
Ditanya:

Penyelesaian:
Hukum gas ideal:

Untuk karbon dioksida (CO2)

Untuk propana (C3H8)

Untuk butana (C4H10)

2. Assuming ideal gas behaviour, what will the final volume be if 1 m3 of air is heated from
20C to 700C at constant pressure?
Jawab:
Diketahui: T1=20 = 293,17 K
T2=700 = 973,17 K
P1 = P2
V1 = 1 m3
Ditanya: V2 = .....?
Penyelesaian:
Hukum gas ideal:
Untuk tekanan yang sama (Hukum Charles) persamaan dapat diubah menjadi:

3. Calculate the vapour pressure of the following pure liquids at 0C: (a) n-octane; (b)
methanol; (c) acetone.
Jawab:
Diketahui : T = 0 C = 273,17 K
Ditanya:

Penyelesaian:
(

(a).n-octane
(

(b).methanol

(c).acetone

4. Calculate the vapour pressures of n-hexane and n-decane above a mixture at 25C
containing 2% n-C6H14 + 98% n-C10H22, by volume. Assume that the densities of pure nhexane and n-decane are 660 and 730 kg/m3 respectively and that the liquids behave ideally.
Jawab:
Diketahui: T=25 = 298,17 K

Diketahui:

Penyelesaian:

)
(

Jadi tekanan uap n-heksana adalah

.
(

Jadi tekanan uap n-heksana adalah

5. Calculate the vapour pressures of iso-octane and n-dodecane above a mixture at 20C
containing 5% i-C8H18 and 95% n-C12H26, by volume. The densities of the pure liquids are
692 and 749 kg/m3 respectively. Assume ideal behaviour.
Jawab:
Diketahui:

Penyelesaian:
ni- C8H18 =
=

= 0,303508774 mol

nn- C12H26 =
xi- C8H18 =
xi- C12H26 =

= 4,185588235 mol
=
=

log10P C8H18 = [(-0,2185 x8548)/293,15] + 7,349

P-C8H18 = 36,6124945 mm Hg
Pn-C8H18

= xn-C8H18 x Pn-C8H18
= 0,067610205 x 36,6124945

P-C8H18

= 2,475378259 mm Hg

Jadi tekanan uap iso-octane adalah 2,475378259 mm Hg

log10P C12H26 = [(-0,2185 x11857,7)/293,15] + 8,1510
P-C12H26

= 0,205511966 mm Hg

Pn-C12H26

= xn- C12H26 x Pn-C12H26

= 0,932389794 x 0,205511966
= 0,191617259 mm Hg

Jadi tekanan uap n-decane adalah 0,191617259 mm Hg

6. Work out the enthalpy of formation of propane at 25C (298 K) from Equation (1.20)
using data contained in Tables 1.13 and 1.14
Jawab:
Diketahui: T=25 = 298,17 K

Ditanya:
Penyelesaian:


7. Given that the stoichiometric reaction for the oxidation of n-pentane is:
calculate
Jawab:
Diketahui:

(C5H12) from data in Tables 1.13 and 1.14.

Ditanya :
Penyelesaian:

8. Calculate the enthalpy change (20C) in the oxidation of n-pentane to carbon monoxide
and water, i.e.
Jawab:
Dik :
C5H12 = -3259 kJ/mol
C0 = -283 kJ/mol
Dit

pada proses n-C5H12 + 5 O2

Penyelesaian :
n-C5H12 + 8 O2

5 CO2 + 6 H2O

n-C5H12 + 5 O2

5 CO + 6 H2O

5 CO + O2
= -3259 5 (-283)

5 CO2

5 CO + 6 H2O

= -1844 kJ/mol
Jadi,

pada proses tersebut adalah -1844 kJ/mol.

9. The products of the partial combustion of n-pentane were found to contain CO2 and CO in
the ratio of 4: 1. What is the actual heat released per mole of n-pentane burnt if the only other
product is H2O?
Jawab:
Diketahui:

Ditanya:
Penyelesaian:

10. Express the result of problem 9 in terms of heat released (a) per gram of n-pentane burnt;
(b) per gram of air consumed.
Jawab:
Diketahui :

Ditanya:
Penyelesaian:
(a)

(b)

11. Calculate the masses of air required to burn completely 1 g each of propane (C3H8),
pentane ( C5H12) decane (C10H22).
Jawab:
Diketahui :
Penyelesaian:
Propana:

Dari persamaan stoikiometri diatas, diperoleh:

Jadi

air dapat membakar 1 g propana.

Pentana:

Dari persamaan stoikiometri diatas, diperoleh:

Jadi

air dapat membakar 1 g pentana.

Decana:

Dari persamaan stoikiometri diatas, diperoleh:

Jadi

air dapat membakar 1 g decana.

12. Calculate the adiabatic flame temperatures for the following mixtures initially at 25C
assuming that dissociation does not occur:
(a) stoichiometric n -pentane/oxygen mixture;
(b) stoichiometric n -pentane/air mixture;
(c) 1.5% n-pentane in air (lower flammability limit, see Chapter 3).
Jawab:
Diketahui
:
T = 25 0C
Ditanya:

a) Tf dari n-pentane/oxygen mixture = . . . ?

b) Tf dari n-pentane/air mixture = . . . ?
c) Tf 1,5 % n-pentane in air = . . . ?

Penyelesaian :
a) C5H12 + 8 O2

5 CO2 + 6 H2O

Thermal Capacity at 1000 C

Species

Number of moles in products

Cp
(J/mol.K)

n.Cp (J/K)

CO2

54,3

271,5

H2O

41,2

247,2
518,7

n-pentane = 3259 x 103 J/mol

= 6308,01523 0C

Tf = 25 +

Jadi, adiabatic flame temperature n-pentane/oxygen mixture adalah 6308,01523 0C.

b) C5H12 + 8 O2 + 6 (3,76) N2

5 CO2 + 6 H2O + 30,08 N2

Thermal Capacity at 1000
C

Species

Number of moles in products

Cp
(J/mol.K)

n.Cp (J/K)

CO2

54,3

271,5

H2O

41,2

247,2

N2

30,08

32,7

983,616
1502,316

Tf = 25 +

= 2194,317241 0C

Jadi, adiabatic flame temperature n-pentane/air mixture adalah 2194,317241 0C.