Đồ Án Hoàn Chỉnh

V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
MC LC
MC LC................................................................................................................................. 1
LI M U........................................................................................................................... 3
CHNG I: TNG QUAN V K THUT SY ............................................................... 7
1.1
Khi nim v sy. ........................................................................................................ 7
1.2
Bn cht c trng ca qu trnh sy. ........................................................................ 8
CHNG II: VT LIU SY V TC NHN SY....................................................... 10

2.1 Cu to ht ng.............................................................................................................. 10
2.2. Cc c tnh chung ca khi ng .................................................................................. 11
2.3 Cc yu cu c trng ca ht sy ............................................................................... 13
2.4. Cng ngh sy ng ....................................................................................................... 14
2.5 Tc nhn sy. ................................................................................................................ 15
CHNG III: CC PHNG PHP SY V CC LOI MY SY NG ............. 16
3.1. Sy bng khng kh t nhin - phi nng. ................................................................... 16
3.2.
Cc phng php sy nhn to - cc dng my sy ng .......................................... 17
3.2.1. Cu to h thng sy tnh v ngang. ...................................................................... 17

3.2.2
My sy thp. ..................................................................................................... 18
3.2.3 My sy tng si. .................................................................................................... 20

CHNG IV: TNH TON THIT K H THNG SY TNH V NGANG ............ 22
4.1 Tnh ton tng qut. ....................................................................................................... 22
4.1.1 Chn ch sy ...................................................................................................... 22
4.1.2 Cn bng vt cht: .................................................................................................. 23
4.1.3 Cn bng nhit lng ............................................................................................. 25
4.2 Tnh ton qu trnh sy l thuyt .................................................................................... 26
4.2.1. Tnh ton khi l .................................................................................................... 27
4.2.2 Thng s ca khng kh sau ha trn. .................................................................... 29
4.2.3 Thng s sau qu trnh sy l thuyt. ...................................................................... 31
4.3. Xc nh cc kch thc c bn ca h thng sy ........................................................ 33
4.4. Tnh ton qu trnh sy thc t ..................................................................................... 33
4.4.1 Tn tht nhit ra mi trng xung quanh ............................................................... 34
4.4.2 Tn tht nhit do vt liu sy mang i .................................................................... 38
n mn hc qu trnh v thit b
GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.4.3. Cc thng s sau qu trnh sy thc...................................................................... 39
4.4.4. Tnh ton cn bng nhit lng ca qu trnh sy thc ........................................ 39
4.4.5. Tnh tiu hao nhin liu ......................................................................................... 40
CHNG V: CC THIT B PH TR H THNG .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1. Bung t ...................................................................................................................... 39
5.1.1 c im v mc ch ca bung t ..................................................................... 39
5.1.2 Thit k bung t ................................................................................................... 40
5.2 Thit b lc v kh bi t l t tru ........................................................................... 41
5.3 Tnh chn qut ............................................................................................................... 41
5.3.1 Tn tht p sut pha u ht ................................................................................. 39
5.3.2 Tn tht p sut pha u y................................................................................. 39
5.3.3 Tn tht p sut qua lp qut ................................................................................. 39
CHNG VI: BN V ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
KT LUN ............................................................................................................................. 49
TI LIU THAM KHO ..................................................................................................... 50

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
LI M U
Sy l mt qu trnh trao i nhit v m , dn n vic loi b mt phn nc
v m ra khi vt liu sy bng phng php sy nng v sy lnh.
K thut sy c s dng rng ri lm kh hu ht cc loi dc phm, ng
cc, cc loi ht v nhiu thc phm khc, lm tng hiu qu kinh t trong sn xut.
Qu trnh sy khng ch n thun l qu trnh tch nc v hi nc ra khi vt liu
m l mt qu trnh cng ngh. N i hi sau khi sy vt liu sy phi m bo cht
lng cao, tiu tn nng lng t v chi ph vn hnh thp. Trong sy la phi m bo
la sau khi sy c t l nt gy khi xay xt l thp nht.
Hin nay c rt nhiu phng php sy khc nhau, i vi la ngi ta c th
dng cc phng php sy nh: phi nng t nhin, sy tng si, sy thp, sy tnh v
ngang. n mn hc ny nhm thit k h thng sy ng bng phng php sy tnh
v ngang c o gi, nng sut 1 tn/m, a im ti ng bng sng Hng, hot ng
vo v H Thu, cung cp nhit bng khi l t tru trc tip.
Mc d c nhiu c gng nhng do kin thc v ti liu tham kho cn nhiu
hn ch nn n chc chn khng trnh khi cn nhiu thiu st. Em mong nhn
c kin ng gp ca thy, c n ca em c hon thin hn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n PGS.TS L Nguyn ng cng cc thy gio
hng dn tn tnh em hon thnh c n ny.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Tn n:
Tnh ton thit k my sy ng tnh v ngang nng sut u vo 1 tn/m.
- a im ti H Ni
- Hot ng vo ma thu hoch H Thu
- Cung cp nhit l l t tru trc tip
Ni dung thc hin:
Tm hiu cng ngh ch bin.
1. Cng ngh lm kh vt liu sy c giao v my sy vt liu ny
2. Tng qut cc loi my sy c loi vt liu ny
3. M t v trnh by tng qut, cu to, nguyn l hot ng v c im ring
bit v loi my sy ny.
4. Thc hin bi ton sy l thuyt v sy thc. bao gm:
- Tm hiu bng ti liu tra cu v m vo, m u ra, t lm c s tnh
ton bi ton sy.
- Thc hin bi ton sy.
- Tnh ton thit k khng gian sy v h thng sy.
- Chn cung cp nhit sy gin tip hay trc tip ty theo vt liu sy v sn
phm sy.
5. Tnh ton thit k cc thit b ph tr theo h thng la chn
6. Cc bn v

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Th t thit k mt h thng sy
1. Chn phng php sy.
Chn phng php sy nng hay sy lnh l ty thuc vo yu cu cng
ngh m vt liu sy c th chu c. Thng thng, nu khng c yu cu g c
bit th ta chn h thng sy nng, do chnh lch phn p sut Pab-Pam c th t
c rt ln nn cng sy ln. Hn na h thng sy nng khng phi dng my
lnh v my ht m nn chi ph u t r hn v vn hnh n gin hn.
2. Chn dng h thng sy
Sau khi quyt nh phng php sy, ta chn h thng sy. Khi cn
cn c vo hnh dng vt liu sy v nng sut cng nh kinh ph u t cho php
chn h thng sy thch hp. Trong trng hp sy cc loi nng sn dng ht th ta
cng c th ngh n h thng sy bung, sy thp, sy thng quay...Cn c vo c
im ca cc h thng sy ny, nng sut yu cu v nhng nhn t khc ta c th
chn c h thng sy thch hp. sy ng khi mi thu hoch , v thi gian sy ch
vi chc ngy mt v li phn b ri rc tng h gia nh nn hin nay nn ngi ta
s dng h thng sy tnh v ngang. Ngc li cc kho bo qun hoc cc nh my
xay xt, ngi ta thng dng h thng sy thp. Chn dng h thng sy cng l bi
ton kinh t k thut
3. Chn ch sy
Sau khi chn c h thng sy thch hp, ta cn c vo yu cu m ch
yu l nhit v m m h thng sy c th chu c chn ch sy thch
hp.
Ngoi ra, nhit tc nhn sy ra khi thit b sy cng chn b gim
tn tht nhit do tc nhn sy mang i nhng cng phi ln xa trng thi bo ha
trnh hin tng ng sng ln b mt vt liu c sy kh.
4. Chn ngun nng lng v tc nhn sy.
Vi h thng sy nng, ngung nng lng ngoi in nng cn c th l hi
nc,kh t du m, than , ci v cc ph liu cng, nng nghip khc nh tru, b
ma, mn ca. Ta chn dng nng lng trn c s iu kin c th ni xy dng h
thng sy v tnh ton kinh t. ng bng sng Hng, tru l ngun nng lng di

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
do, chi ph rt r. Do , h thng sy ny dng tru lm ngun nng lng t trc
tip ly khi t bung t gia nhit cho khng kh cp vo bung sy. V vy ta cn
thit k thm bung t cho h thng sy.
5. Tnh ton cn bng nhit v cn bng m ca h thng sy( thc hin bi ton
sy l thuyt v sy thc t)
Khi chn c dang h thng sy v ch sy, ta tin hnh tnh ton cn
bng nhit m ca thit b sy. y l ni dung c bn ca vic thit k mt h thng
sy. Mc ch ca vic tnh ton cn bng nhit m l tm c lng tc nhn sy v
nhit lng cn thit trong 1 gi. Khi lng tc nhn sy trong 1 gi l mt trong hai
c s chn qut (cng vi ct p). Tnh cc tn tht nhit.
6. Tnh th tch bung t,bung sy v cc thit b khc.
7. B tr h thng sy, tnh tr lc v chn qut
chn c qut chng ta cn b tr c th h thng sy v cn c vo vic
b tr ny tin hnh tnh tr lc h thng. Khi c tng tr lc v lu lng tc
nhn sy cn thit trong tnh ton cn bng nhit-m ca thit b sy ta s chn c
qut.
8. Tnh hiu qu kinh t ca h thng sy.
Ni dung tnh ton hiu qu kinh t ca mt h thng sy c thit k
gm cc phn:
-
nh gi hiu qu s dng nng lng.
Xc nh chi ph u t, chi ph vn hnh v chi ph bo dng.
Xc nh c gi thnh sn phm.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
CHNG I: TNG QUAN V K THUT SY
1.1 Khi nim v sy.

Ht v cc sn phm nng nghip trc khi nhp kho bo qun u phi c
m mc an ton. iu kin thch hp ca m bo qun ht l gii hn
t 12%-14%. Phn ln ht thu hoch v c m cao hn, trong iu kin nhng ma
ma m ca kh quyn cao nn s thot hi nc t nhin ca ht chm li. Vi
m ca ht ln hn 14% th hot ng sng tng, h hp mnh, l ht b m v nng
thm. l nhng iu kin thun li cho s pht trin ca vi sinh vt v cn trng, l
ht t bc nng v lm cho ht b hng. trnh hin tng trn ta phi m bo
m ca ht xung khong 14%. Do , i vi mt nc nng nghip nhit i kh
hu nng m ma nhiu nh nc ta th sy l mt phng php rt quan trng.
Ht m nh hng khng tt n k thut xay xt. Sn lng bt gim,
chi ph nng lng tng ln, bt dnh vo my ch bin v lm my nhanh b hng, ht
thu c v sn phm ch bin t ht s bo qun kh v ch tiu phm cht s thp.
nhng ht sy hay phi kh th qu trnh thy phn cht bo thc hin chm, hin
tng ng ca ht v sn phm ch bin gim, cn trng su mt s b tiu dit.
Nhng ht b bc nng thi k u, nh qu trnh phi sy, ht tr li
bnh thng, qu trnh t bc nng dng li v nhng tnh cht k thut ca ht c
phc hi. Ht cn ti cha hon thnh qu trnh chn sinh l th nh qu trnh sy qu
trnh chn sinh l c rt ngn, ht c c c tnh k thut thch hp ca n. Sy
kh sn phm l mt qu trnh rt phc tp: khi sy cn m bo gi c tnh cht
ca sn phm, m bo cht lng v gi n trng thi tt.
Qu trnh sy thc cht l qu trnh dng nhit lm bc hi mt phn
lng nc c trong sn phm. Qu trnh ny ph thuc vo cu to, kch thc, dng
lin kt ca vt liu sy v tnh cht ha hc ca sn phm v trng thi b mt ca sn
phm ht m.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
1.2 Bn cht c trng ca qu trnh sy.
Sy l mt qu trnh tch m ra khi sn phm (hoc chuyn nc trong
sn phm sang th hi). Qu trnh ny c thc hin do s chnh lch p sut ca hi
nc mi trng xung quanh (Pxq) v trn b mt sn phm (Psp). lm cho lng
m trn b mt sn phm bay hi cn c iu kin Psp>Pxq=P. tr s P cng ln th
m chuyn ra mi trng xung quanh cng mnh. Psp ph thuc vo nhit sy,
m ban u ca vt liu sy v ph thuc vo tnh cht lin kt ca nc vi sn
phm.
S thot m trn b mt tng ln khi nhit v tc ca lung khng kh
tng, khi m tng i gim v p sut khng kh gim. Do vy s thot m trn b
mt dn n s khuch tn bn trong. l kt qu ca s ph v mi cn bng tng
i trong sn phm cng l do s thay i nhit v s phn chia nc khng ng
u trong sn phm. Trong sn phm ( v nht l ht ) s vn chuyn nc bt u t
ni c m cao n ni c m thp. S chnh lch m nhng phn khc
nhau ca ht l nguyn nhn ca s khuch tn bn trong khi sy. S thay i v mt
phn b nhit nhng im khc nhau ca ht lm cho s vn chuyn m tng
t ch c nhit cao n ch c nhit thp.
Qu trnh sy c th c xc tin nhanh hn nh s tng nhit khng kh
hoc nhit ca hn hp khng kh v khi l(t), gim m tng i ca khng
kh( ), tng vn tc khng kh(v) v nh s gim p sut khng kh trong mi trng
(B). Trong qu trnh sy, cng v sau hi nc ca mi trng xung quanh cng nhiu,
tc l p sut Pxq cnh tng v m ca sn phm cng gim n mt lc no s
t c tr s cn bng. Khi Pxq=Psp v m c gi l m cn bng. Ti
m cn bng th P=0, qu trnh sy ngng li.
i vi thc, m hin din hai ni: b mt ht (m b mt) v nhn ht
(m bn trong). m b mt s nhanh chng bay hi khi ht c tip xc vi khng
kh nng thi qua n, cn m bn trong nhn ht s bay hi chm hn bi v u tin
n phi di chuyn t nhn ht ra b mt ht v kt qu l m b mt v m bn trong s
bay hi vi tc khc nhau. Kt qu ca s chnh lch ny l tc sy v hm
lng m c ly i s gim trong qu trnh sy. i vi hu ht cc loi my sy

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
ht, tc sy thng nm trong khong 0.5%/h -1%/h. Hm lng m ca ht sau
mi ln qua my sy c th gim t 2-4% ph thuc vo m ban u ca ht, nhit
sy v tc tc nhn sy.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
CHNG II: VT LIU SY V TC NHN SY
2.1 Cu to ht ng.
Ht ng thuc loi qu dnh gm 5 phn chnh: my ht, v ht, lp biu b, ni
nh v phi ht.
- My ht: L phn li ra ngoi cui ht, my ht l b phn nh ht v li
bp.
- V ht: L lp mng mng bao quanh ht bo v ht.
- Lp biu b: Nm di lp v ht. Khi lng v v lp biu b chim 5 11%
khi lng ton ht.
- Ni nh: Chim 75 83% khi lng ht v cha y tinh bt; c phn bit
thnh 2 min:min sng v min bt.
- Phi ht: Nm phn u nh ca ht, di lp biu b, cha tt c cc t
bo pht trin ca cy bp, ng vai tr quan trng nht trong s xut hin v pht
trin ca cc qu trnh sng. Chim 10 15% khi lng ht, chim 1/3 th tch ca
ht v gm c cc phn: ng (phn ngn cch gia ni nh v phi), l mm, tr di
l mm, r mm v chi mm.
Da vo cu to tinh bt ca ni nh ht, bp c chia lm 5 loi sau:
-
Bp rng ca: Ht to, dp, u ht c vt lm nh hnh ci rng. Hai bn
sng ht l tinh bt min sng, u v gia ht l cht tinh bt mm (min bt). V

ht mu vng, i khi mu trng. Hm lng tinh bt t 60 65% khi lng ht,
trong 21% l amiloza, 79% c amilopectin.
-
Bp : Ht trn, ni nh cha nhiu tinh bt min sng, v ht c mu
trng ng, mu vng hay mu .Hm lng tinh bt chim t 56 75% khi lng
ht, trong 21% l amiloza, 79% l amilopectin.
-
Bp np: Ht trn, to, b mt nhn, mu trng c hoc mu vng. Hm
lng tinh bt chim khong 60% khi lng ht, trong amilopectin chim gn
100%, amiloza hu nh khng ng k.
-
Bp bt:Ht bt v u trn, mt ht nhn. ni nh c mu trng c, cu
to xp, d ht nc. Hm lng tinh bt chim t 55 80% khi lng ht, trong
20% l amiloza, 80% l amilopectin.
-
Bp ng: Ht thng nhn nheo, v c mu vng, trng hoc tm. Hm
lng tinh bt ca ni nh khong 25 47% khi lng ht, hm lng ng v

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
tinh bt kh cao, c th n 19 31% khi lng ht. Thnh phn tinh bt ca bp
ng gm: 60 -90% amiloza, 10 40% amilopectin.
Thnh phn chnh ca ht ng gm ch yu l: tinh bt, protein, xenlulose. Ngoi

ra trong ht la cn cha mt s cht khc vi hm lng t hn so vi 3 thnh phn
k trn nh: ng, tro, cht bo, sinh t Thnh phn ha hc ca ht ng thay
i ty theo kh hu, ging, k thut canh tc, t ai
Cc thnh phn ha hc ca ht ng:
Nc
Gluxit
Protein
Lipit
Xenlulo
Tro
12,5%
69,2%
10,6%
4,3%
2,0%
1,4%
Vit Nam, ng l mt trong 5 loi ng cc l nguyn liu sn xut tinh bt,

s dng nhiu trong cc ngnh cng nghip thc phm. La cng c dng lm thc
n chn nui gia sc, gia cm.
2.2. Cc c tnh chung ca khi ng.
a. Tnh tan ri: l c tnh khi ht ng t trn cao h xung mt phng
nm ngang,ht ng t dch chuyn to thnh khi c dng chp nn. Gc to thnh

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
bi ng sinh vi mt phng y nm ngang ca hnh chp gi l gc ngh hay gc
nghing t nhin ca khi ht. V tr s th gc ngh t nhin bng gc ma st gia ht
vi ht nn cn gi l gc ma st trong, k hiu (1). Da vo tan ri ny xc
nh s b cht lng v s thay i cht lng la trong qu trnh sy v bo qun.
i vi ng, gc ngh khong t 27-35o.
Nu ta ht trn mt mt phng v bt u nghing mt phng ny cho ti khi
ht bt u trt th gc gii hn gia mt phng nm ngang v mt phng trt gi l
gc trt (gc ma st ngoi), k hiu (2). Trng hp khng phi l mt ht m l
mt khi ht th gc trt c lin quan v ph thuc vo gc nghing t nhin.
Gc ngh v gc trt cng ln th ri cng nh, ngc li gc nh th kh
nng dch chuyn ln, ngha l ri ln.
ri ca khi ht dao ng trong khong kh rng ty thuc vo cc yu t
nh kch thc, hnh dng ht v trng thi b mt ht, m ca ht, s lng v loi
tp cht trong khi ht. i vi gc trt cn thm mt yu t quan trng na l loi
vt liu v trng thi b mt vt liu trt. B mt ht thc x x th gc ngh v gc
trt ln.
m tp cht ca khi ht cng cao c bit l nhiu tp cht rc th ri
cng nh. m ca khi ht cng cao th ri cng gim.
Trong bo qun, ri ca khi ht c th thay i ty thuc vo iu kin bo
qun. nu bo qun qu lu hay xy ra qu trnh t bc nng lm cho khi ht b
nn cht, ri gim hay thm ch c khi mt hn ri.
b. Tnh t phn loi: Khi ht c cu to t nhiu thnh phn khc nhau (ht
chc, ht lp, tp cht),khng ng cht (khc nhau v hnh dng, kch thc , t
trng), do trong qu trnh di chuyn chng to nn nhng vng khc nhau v
cht lng gi l tnh t phn ca khi ht. Hin tng t phn loi nh hng xu
n vic lm kh v bo qun ht. Nhng vng nhiu ht lp v tp cht s d b ht
m. D b cun theo tc nhn sy trong qu trnh sy.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
c. xp ca khi ht: xp ca vt liu () l thnh phn th tch b chim
ch do khong khng gian gia cc ht. Gi tr ca xp ph thuc vo hnh dng
ht, cch m chng sp xp trong khi ht (nhng hat nh c th lp y cc khong
trng gia cc ht ln). Trong qu trnh sy, khi ht cn c xp (l hng) cn thit
cho qu trnh truyn nhit vi tc nhn sy c d dng.
1
v
h
Trong : v : mt khi ht cha trong n v th tch ( khi lng th tch)

h : khi lng ring ca ht cha trong n v th tch .
d. Tnh dn nhit v tnh truyn nhit: qu trnh dn nhit v truyn nhit trong
khi ht lun tin hnh theo hai phng php song song l dn nhit v i lu. i
lng c trng cho kh nng dn nhit ca ng l h s dn nhit.
e. Tnh hp th v nh cc cht kh, hi m trong qu trnh sy: thng l hin
tng b mt. V vy, trong qu trnh sy lun xy ra nhiu giai on:
sy => => sy =>
gip m trong nhn ht c thi gian di chuyn ra b mt ht, lm cho ng
c kh u.
2.3 Cc yu cu c trng ca ht sy
Ng sau khi sy c th c dng lm lng thc hoc lm ging, d tr. V
vy, ng sau khi sy cn m bo c cc yu cu sau:
- Ht ng cn nguyn vn khng b nt , v.
- Ht ng cn gi nguyn hnh dng, kch thc v mu sc.
- C mi v c trng ca ht ng v khng c mi v khc(mi tc nhn sy)
- Ht ng khng b rn nt, gy vn v c bit l la ging phi m bo kh
nng ny mm ca ht sau khi sy.

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
- Sau khi sy, ng phi t m bo qun, nu khng s l mi trng tt cho
mi, mt ph hoi
Tm tt quy trnh cng ngh
Ng
Thu hoch
Loi tp cht-phn loi
Sy
Kho bo qun
ng bao
Kho bo qun
2.4. Cng ngh sy ng.

Ng l i tng cn x l nhit nhiu hn bt c loi ht ng cc no khc.
Sy lm gim m ca ng va thu hoch n mc an ton (13-14%) bo qun
hoc lm ging. Yu cu c bn ca qu trnh sy l nng cao tc sy, gim thiu
thi gian sy v nng lng tiu hao m vn gi c cht lng sn phm sy. Trong
sy ng i lu thi gian sy ph thuc vo rt nhiu yu t nh: cc thng s ch
sy (nhit , m tng i, tc kh sy, chiu dy lp ht),phng php sy

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
(sy lin tc v gin on,sy c o ht, o gi, lm du sau sy...) v vt liu sy
(loi ng, kch thc ht, chn khi thu hoch, m ban u v m cui qu
trnh sy ca ng.
2.5. Tc nhn sy.
Trong k thut sy cc vt liu m bng phng php i lu, ngi ta
thng dng cc mi cht nh khng kh, khi l hoc cc loi kh tr v hi nc qu
nhit lm tc nhn sy.
Khng kh l loi tc nhn r tin thng c trong t nhin, khng c hi,
khng lm bn sn phm. Thnh phn khng kh gm hn hp nhiu cht kh khc
nhau nh: N2, O2, CO2... Khi nghin cu v khng kh m, ta xem n l mt thnh
phn ng nht v khi sy khng kh thng p sut kh quyn. Nhit trong phm
vi t vi chc n vi trm C. Khi tnh ton ta xem khng kh l kh l tng.
Kh nng sy ca khng kh th hin bi s chnh lch gia nhit bu kh vi bu
t hoc s chnh lch gia p sut hi bo ha v p sut hi ring phn, cng nh
chnh lch hm m. Bng s thay i trng thi khng kh, ngi ta c th to ra cc
ch sy khc nhau ph hp vi tng loi vt liu sy khc nhau.
Nh chng ta bit, ngoi khng kh m, khi l cng l tc nhn sy
ph bin. Khi l c th c to ra nh t nhiu loi nhin liu khc nhau trong
ch yu l nhin liu ha thch (than ), v nhiu loi nhin liu sinh khi khc nhau
nh ci, tru, b ma... Khi l thng c dng trong cc thit b sy vi t cch l
ngun cung cp gin tip t nng tc nhn sy hoc vi t cch l tc nhn trc
tip, va cung cp nhit cho vt liu sy va mang hi m thi vo mi trng.
Trong khi l ch c hai thnh phn l khi kh v hi nc. Nu s dng khi l vi
t cch l mt tc nhn sy th trong tnh ton ta s xem khi l nh l mt dng no
ca khng kh m, v th ta c th dng th I-d ca khng kh m biu din
cc trng thi hay qu trnh nhit ng ca khi l. Hay ni cch khc, khi l cng c
cc thng s nh entapy I, cha m d, m tng i ging nh khng kh m.

15
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
T c im cu to ca ht ng em chn khi l lm tc nhn sy v n khng nh
hng n cht lng ca ng khi sy v s dng tc nhn sy l tru do n c sn v
r tin.
CHNG III: CC PHNG PHP SY V CC LOI MY SY THC

3.1. Sy bng khng kh t nhin - phi nng.
l phng php li dng nh nng mt tri lm kh ht v sn phm.
Phi nng l phng php khng tn km v nhin liu. N thc y qu trnh
chn sinh l ca ht, c kh nng dit tr nm, cn trng, su mtbi tc dng ca
nh nng mt tri. Nhng phi nng c nhc im l khng ch ng v ph thuc
vo iu kin thi tit rt ln, nht l canh tc 2 v: Ma kh rt ngn ngi khng cho
php phi nng t nhin mt cch nhanh chng. Phi nng cn tn nhiu cng lao
ng v khng c gii ha c. Thi gian t c m an ton thng di. Tuy
vy trong thc t sn xut hin nay, ngi ta vn p dng phng php phi nng i
vi cc loi ng cc v mt s nng sn khc. Nhng sn phm cn phi tri thnh
nhng lp mng nn mt t hay trn chiu, phnnn gp rt nhiu bt tin: d b
ln ct, d b m khi gp ma. V vy khi cn lm kh mt khi lng ln sn phm
trong thi gian ngn bt k iu kin thi tit th no th ta s dng cc phng php
sy nhn to.

16
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
3.2. Cc phng php sy nhn to - cc dng my sy ng.

3.2.1. Cu to h thng sy tnh v ngang.
My sy tnh v ngang c cu to n gin, ph hp vi sn xut phn tn v
gi thnh chp nhn c.
My sy tnh v ngang c cu to bao gm 4 b phn chnh: qut, l t, bung
sy v nh che. c chia lm 2 loi l loi khng c o gi v loi c o gi.
My sy tnh v ngang loi khng o gi.
Qu trnh sy c thc hin nh sau: ng c trn mt sn li l vi lp
dy khong 0.2-0.5m. Khng kh nng to nn bi l t, c qut sy ht v thi
vo ng gi hng, sau khi ha trn vi khng kh mi trng t n nhit kh
sy cn thit. Sau t ng gi hng, kh sy chuyn hng qua bung gi chnh
(bung sy) nm pha di sn l v i hng ln xuyn qua lp ht mang m thot ra
ngoi. Qu trnh sy tip din cho n khi c lp ht di v trn t c m cn
thit.
Nhc im ca loi khng c o gi l chim nhiu mt bng tc nng sut
thp tnh theo din tch chim ch. Phi o trn th cng c s ng u m ht
sau khi sy, nn khng ph hp vi yu cu c gii ha cng on sy.
My sy tnh v ngang loi c o chiu khng kh sy.
khc phc nhc im ca loi sy khng o gi. My sy v ngang loi c
o chiu khng kh sy c nhng u im mi l kt cu nh gn, so vi cc my sy
tnh vi cng nng sut, n ch chim din tch mt bng lp t, do sy lp ht dy
hn (50-60cm). khng cn tn cng lao ng co o, vn m bo ng u m
ht sau khi sy. Gii quyt c bi ton ng u m ht sau khi sy, v v
nguyn tc, lung kh i ln hoc i xung theo phng thng ng th ng u nht.
Ngoi ra, lp ht nm ngang t chu nn, c kh nng t iu chnh cc b khi vt liu
sy do co rt khi vt liu sy kh dn, t tc ng xu n phn b gi c thit

17
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
lp, do tng c kh nng ng u v m sau cng ca sn phm. iu ny
kh t c nu o chiu vi lp ht thng ng.
Nguyn l hot ng:

Trong h thng my sy tnh v ngang loi c o chiu gi. Ng c vo
bung sy di l mt sn c t l cho khng kh nng i qua. Khng kh nng c
to ra t l t than vi nhit cao n bung ha trn vi khng kh ngoi tri lm
gim n nhit sy thch hp. Khng kh c qut ht v chuyn n bung sy.
Ti y din ra qu trnh sy v lm gim m.
u tin m van di, ng van trn cho tc nhn sy i t di ln mang
theo hi nc thot ra ngoi mi trng, sau khng kh nng c o chiu. pha
trn bung sy c y li bng bt, tm g. M van trn v ng van di kh
nng i t trn xung v dn m ra ngoi.
Trong phng php sy tnh v ngang c o chiu gi cn ch n nh hng
ng thi ca nhit v tc kh sy, chiu dy lp ht v khong thi gian gia
cc ln o gi. Theo thc nghim ta ly thi gian o gi l 1h/ln.
3.2.2
My sy thp.

18
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Cu to, nguyn l hot ng v c im.
H thng my sy gm caloriphe hoc cp nhit trc tip t bung t ha trn
vi khng kh, h thng qut v cc thit b ph tr khc.
Thp sy l mt khng gian hnh hp m chiu cao ln hn rt nhiu so vi
chiu rng v chiu di. Trong thp sy ngi ta b tr cc h thng knh dn v thi
tc nhn xen k nhau ngay trong lp vt liu sy. Tc nhn sy t knh dn gi nng
lung lch qua lp vt liu thc hin qu trnh trao i nhit sy v nhn thm m i
vo cc knh thi ra ngoi. Vt liu sy chuyn ng t trn xung di t tnh t
chy do trng lng bn thn ca chng. Thp sy nhn nhit do trao i nhit i lu
gia dng tc nhn chuyn ng va ngc chiu va ct ngang v do dn nhit t b
mt knh dn v knh thi qua lp vt liu nm trn cc b mt . V vy trong thit
b sy thp, nhit lng vt liu sy nhn c gm 2 thnh phn: thnh phn i lu
gia tc nhn sy vi khi lng ht v thnh phn dn nhit gia b mt cc knh gi
nng, knh thi m vi chnh lp vt liu nm trn .
Khi sy ht di chuyn t trn cao (do gu ti hoc vt ti a ln) xung mt
t theo chuyn ng thng ng hoc dzch dzc trong thp sy. Ty theo cch b tr
ca dng ht di chuyn qua thp sy c th lien tc hoc tun hon - theo m.
a) Sy thp lin tc:
Ht qua thp sy mt lt ri vo bin , v ngh () mt thi gian (t 224h ty ch sy v loi ht) sau li qua thp sy lt th 2,3mc ch ca l
cho m trung tm ht c thi gian ra ngoi mt d bc hi. Chnh lch m
qu nhiu gia gn mt hat vi trung tm ht s gy ng sut lm gy v ht.
Khng kh vo t nhng mng p ngc, v thot ra nhng mng song song
nm so le pha trn v pha di.
b) Sy thp tun hon
Ht i qua thp sy c gu ti tr li thp. Thi gian thc cht l thi
gian ht trong gu ti v trong thng cha pha trn bung sy nn tng i ngn,
khong 30. Ht chy xung gia hai vch li l song song cch nhau 15-23cm.
khng kh t bung gia thi xuyn qua lp ht. lp ht trong v lp ht ngoi c i
xung song song, khng trn ln nhau nn c s chnh lch m cui.

19
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
So vi my sy tnh, cc loi my sy thp hin cha c s dng nhiu v
cc loi my ny ch hot ng hiu qu vi ht c m <24% ch c v ng
Xun, cn H Thu thng 28-30%, v hin ti tp qun sy ta ch yu i ph
cho v H Thu. Ngoi ra , vn gi u t v chi ph sy cc loi my ny u kh
cao sao vi cc loi my sy tnh v ngang.
3.2.3 My sy tng si.
Sy tng si l mt trong cc phng thc sy thch hp cho vic sy cc ht
nng sn.
B phn chnh ca TBS tng si l mt bung sy, pha di bung sy t ghi
l. Ghi bung sy l mt tm thp c c nhiu l thch hp hoc li thp tc nhn
sy i qua nhung ht khng lt xung c. tc nhn sy c nhit cao, m thp
c thi t di ln i qua lp vt liu. Vi tc ln, tc nhn sy nng cc
ht vt liu v lm cho lp ht xo trn. Qu trnh si ny l qu trnh trao i nhit
m mnh lit nht gia tc nhn sy v vt liu sy. Cc ht vt liu kh hn nn nh
hn s nm lp trn ca tng ht ang si; v mt cao no ht kh s c
a ra ngoi qua ng tho liu.
u im ca sy tng si l:
- Nng sut sy cao
- Vt liu sy kh u
- C th tin hnh sy lin tc
- H thng thit b sy lin tc
- D iu chnh nhit vt liu ra khi bung sy
- C th iu chnh thi gian sy
Nhc im:
- Tr lc si ln
- Tiu hao nhiu in nng thi kh to lp si
- Yu cu c ht nh v tng i ng u
Nh ta bit thit b sy v ngang c th vn hnh khng ph thuc vo thi tit
v c nng sut sy cao hn, thi gian sy ngn hn v cht lng sn phm sy tt
hn so vi vic phi ng trc tip di nh nng mt tri. Tuy nhin, cho n nay cc

20
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
kt qu nghin cu xy dng m hnh d on thi gian sy ng tnh theo lp dy
(ng vi kiu thit b sy v ngang) c cng b trong v ngoi nc l rt t. Vic d
on thi gian sy mt m ng sy l rt quan trng, v ng vi cc iu kin sy xc
nh nu thi gian sy khng th ng s khng sy c xung m bo qun an
ton, cn nu ngc li th s li lm gim nng sut ca thit b, lm tng gi thnh
ca mt n v sn phm sy. cu trc v dng lin kt m trong ht ,). Trong bi
ny ta s dng phng php sy tnh v ngang sy ng. Trong nh hng ca
nhit v tc kh sy, chiu dy lp ht v khong thi gian gia cc ln o gi
n thi gian sy ring trong sy thc tnh theo lp dy. Cc iu kin ban u nh
ngun gc ca ht, iu kin thu hoch v x l ht trc qu trnh sy. nh hng
ca m tng i ca kh sy c vai tr quan trng i vi qu trnh sy ng.
Tc nhn sy l hn hp khi v khng kh c ha trn vi nhau ri c dn
qua cc knh dn trao i nhit, m vi khi ng mang vo, sau kh thi c
dn ra ngoi.
Trong phng php ny ta s dng tc nhn sy l khi l tn dng ph thi ca
ngnh nng nghip. Khi l thng c s dng trong cc thit b sy va cung cp
nhit cho vt liu sy va mang m thi vo mi trng.
Trong khi l ch c hai thnh phn l khi kh v hi nc. Coi khi l l tc
nhn sy v th ta c th dng th I-d ca khng kh m biu din cc trng thi
hay qu trnh nhit ng ca khi l. Hay ni cch khc khi l cng c cc thng s
nh entanpy I, cha m d, m tng i ging nh khng kh m.
Khi l c sinh do t tru, ngun nhin liu rt di do vng ng bng
sng Hng.

21
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
CHNG IV: TNH TON THIT K H THNG SY TNH V NGANG
Tnh ton thit k h thng sy tnh v ngang sy ng nng sut 1 tn/m (c o
gi). a im ti ng bng sng Hng, hot ng vo ma thu hoch H Thu. Cung
cp nhit l t tru cp trc tip.
Nguyn tc ca qu trnh sy l cung cp nng lng nhit bin i trng thi
pha lng trong vt liu thnh hi. C ch ca qu trnh c din t bi 4 qu trnh c
bn sau:
- Cp nhit cho b mt vt liu
- Dng nhit dn t b mt vo vt liu.
- Khi nhn c lng nhit, dng m di chuyn t vt liu ra b mt.
- Dng m t b mt vt liu tch vo mi trng xung quanh.
4.1 Tnh ton tng qut.
Theo trung tm kh tng thy vn quc gia v ti liu nghin cu ca vin C
in Nng Nghip v Cng Ngh Sau Thu Hoch, ng thng sy nhit 500900C, v nhit ny ng v cht bo khng b ph hy v khng b bin dng v
ng khng b nt v
4.1.1 Chn ch sy
Trong h thng my sy tnh v ngang loi c o chiu gi. Ng c vo
bung sy di l mt sn c t l cho khng kh nng i qua. Khng kh nng c
to ra t l t tru vi nhit cao n bung ha trn vi khng kh ngoi tri lm
gim n nhit sy thch hp. Khng kh c qut ht v chuyn n bung sy.
Ti y din ra qu trnh sy v lm gim m.
u tin m van di, ng van trn cho tc nhn sy i t di ln mang
theo hi nc thot ra ngoi mi trng, sau khng kh nng c o chiu. pha
trn bung sy c y li bng bt, tm g. M van trn v ng van di kh
nng i t trn xung v dn m ra ngoi.
Trong phng php sy tnh v ngang c o chiu gi cn ch n nh hng
ng thi ca nhit v tc kh sy, chiu dy lp ht v khong thi gian gia
cc ln o gi. Theo thc nghim ta ly thi gian o gi l 1h/ln.

22
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.1.2 Cn bng vt cht:

Cc k hiu s dng:
G1: lng nhp liu ca vt liu sy (kg)
G2: lng sn phm sau khi sy (kg)
1: m trn cn bn vt liu t trc khi sy (%)
2: m trn cn bn vt liu kh sau khi sy (%)
d1: hm m ca khng kh trn cn bn khng kh kh trc khi vo sy
d2: hm m ca khng kh trn cn bn khng kh kh sau khi vo sy
W: lng m tch (kg)
L: lng khng kh kh cn thit
l: lng khng kh kh cn thit tch 1 Kg m ra khi vt liu
I0 , I1 ,I2: nhit hm ca khng kh trc khi vo bung t, sau khi ra khi
bung t v sau khi ra khi bung sy, J/kgkkk
* Cc thng s c bn:
a) i vi khng kh:
Trng thi ban u ca khng kh:
t0 = 250C;
0 = 80%
Khng kh vo thit b sy:

Chn nhit vo bung sy ca khng kh: t1 = 500C
Khng kh ra khi thit b sy:
Chn nhit ra ca khng kh l: t2 = 420C
Phn p sut hi nc bo ha Pb0:
Pbh0 = exp(12
) = exp(12
) = 0,032bar
Lng cha m d0:

d0 = 0,621
= 0,621.
= 0,016 kg m/kgkkk
Nhit dung ring dn xut Cdx(d0):

Cdx(d0) = Cpk + Cpa.d0= 1,004 + 1,842.0,016 = 1,033 kJ/kgK
Trong :

23
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Cpk= 1,004 kJ/kg : nhit dung ring ca khng kh kh
Cpa= 1,842 kJ/kg : nhit dung ring ca hi nc
r= 2500 kJ/kg: n nhit ha hi
entanpy I0:
I0 = Cpk.t0+d0(r+Cpa.t0) = 1,004.25+0,016.(2500+1,842.25) = 65,83 kJ/kg
Th tch ring ca khng kh V0:
V0 =
= 0,88 m3/kg
b) i vi vt liu sy (thc)
Theo ti liu k thut sy Nng Sn Trn Vn Ph, L Nguyn ng ta c
cc thng s kch thc sau ca thc
Cc kch thc ca ng:
Di :
l = 8 mm
Rng: a= 6 mm
Dy:
b = 4 mm
ng knh tng ng:

H s hnh dng:
d = 7,5 mm
hd = 1,03
Cc thng s khc:
Nhit dung ring:
C = 1,7 KJ/Kg
H s dn nhit:
= 0,1 W/mK
Khi lng ring rn: r = 1253 Kg/m3

= 0,36
xp:
Din tch b mt ring khi lng: f = 1, m2/kg

Khi lng ring xp: v = 800 Kg/m3
Vt liu trc khi vo thit b sy: ta chn
1 = 270C ; 1 = 28%
Vt liu sau khi ra thit b sy : chn nhit ra ca ng nh hn nhit
ca khng kh khong 2 0C
2= 400C
2 = 13%, y l m thch hp bo qun thc.

24
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Thi gian sy: 8h
Lng vt liu u ra: G2=1000 kg/m
Lng m bc hi:
w1-w2
0,28 0,13
172,4 kg m/m
= 1000 .
1-w2
1 0,13
W=G2x
Lng vt liu u ra:

G2= G1 W = 1000 172,4=827,6 kg/m
Lng m trung bnh bc hi trong vng 1h l:
W=
W 172,4
=
= 21,55 kg/h
8
8
Lng vt liu kh tuyt i c sy trong 1 gi:

Gk = G2(1- w2) = 827,6(1-0,13) = 720 (kg)
4.1.3 Cn bng nhit lng
* Nhit lng vo
- Nhit lng do khng kh mang vo: LI0
- Nhit lng do vt liu sy mang vo: G2Cvl1+CnW1
- Nhit lng do bung t cung cp: Qc
Tng nhit lng vo: LI0+ G2Cvl1+ CnW1+ Qc
* Nhit lng ra:
- Nhit lng do khng kh ra: LI2
- Nhit lng do vt liu sy mang ra: G2Cvl2
- Nhit lng tn tht trong qu trnh sy: Qm

25
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Tng nhit lng ra:
LI2+ G2Cvl2 +Qm
T phng trnh cn bng nng lng, ta c:
Qc=L(I2-I0)+G2Cvl(2-1)+Qm-CnW1
Vit cho 1Kg m bc hi:
q c l (I 2 - I1 ) q vl q m - C n1
qc l ( I 1 I 0 ) l (I 2 - I1 ) q vl q m - C n1
Vi:
= Cn1- qvl-qm
I2 II

26
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.2 Tnh ton qu trnh sy l thuyt
th I-d: qu trnh sy bng khi l
4.2.1. Tnh ton khi l

Chn h s khng kh tha bung t b=1,4
Nhit dung ring ca nguyn than C=1,2 kJ/kg
Nhit ca nguyn liu vo bung t. t=to=28oC
Hiu sut bung t. bd=60 %= 0,6
m tru l w=9%
* Nhit tr ca nhin liu tru.

27
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Tru c thnh phn lm vic nh sau: (TTTKHTS-thy Trn Vn Ph)
C
37,13%
H
4,12%
N
0,36%
O
31,6%
S
0,04%
A
17,75%
W
9%
+ Nhit tr cao ca tru:

Qc = 4,19( 81C+300H 26(O S)
=4,19[81.37,13+ 300.4,12 26(31,60,04)]
= 14342,24 kJ/kg
= 3426 kcal/kg
+ Nhit tr thp lm vic ca tru:

Qt = 339C + 1030H 109(O-S) 25w
=339.37,13 + 1030.4,12 109.(31,6-0,04) 25.9
= 13165,63 kJ/kg
= 3145 kcal/kg
*Th tch ca khng kh v sn phm chy
Th tch khng kh kh l thuyt cn thit t chy hon ton 1 kg tru:
Vkk = 0,089(C + 0,375.S) + 0,268.H 0,0333.O
= 0,089(37,13+0,375.0,04)+ 0,268.4,12 0,0333.31,6
=3,36 m3/kgnl
Th tch sn phm chy l thuyt
VN2 = 0,79Vkk + 0,8.
VR2O = 1,866.
= 0,79.3,36 + 0,8.
=2,66 m3/kgnl
= 0,69 m3/kgnl
= 1,866.
VH2O = 0,111H + 0,0124w + 0,016V

28
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
= 0,111.4,12 + 0,012.9 + 0,016.3,36 = 0,62 m3/kgnl
*Entanpy v dung m ca khi l.
- Lng khng kh kh l thuyt cn thit t chy hon ton 1kg nhin liu:
L0k =0,115C + 0,345H 0,043(S O)
=0,115.37,13 + 0,34.4,12 -0,043.(31,6-0,04)=4,3 kg kkk/kg nl
- Lng khng kh kh thc cn cung cp:
Lkt = bd . L0k = 1,4.4,3=6,02 kg kkk/kg nl
- Lng cha m ca khi l sau bung t:
d =
10.(9 H w) b .Lok.do
10.(9.4,12 9) 1,4.4,3.16
=
= 87 g m/kgkkk
9H w A
9.4,12 9 17,75
b .Lok 1
1,4.4,3 1
100
100
= 0.087 kg m/ kgkkk
- Lng hi nc trong khi l:
Gn= (9H+A)+
= 9.0,0412+ 0,1775+ 1,4.4,3.0,016
= 0,64kg/kgnl
- Khi lng khi l kh trc khi ha trn khi t chy 1 kg nguyn liu:
Gkk = 1+
= 1+ 1,4.4,3 -
= 6,4 kg/kgnl
Entanpy ca khi l:
Ik =
Qc. C.t b .Lok.Io

=
Gkk
= 1411,78 kJ/kg
- Xc nh nhit khi l sau bung t:

T cng thc: Ik = 1,0048tk+ dk(2500+ 1,842tk)
tk=
= 1025,080C
Cc thng s ca khi nh sau:

tk= 1025,08oC
Ik=1411,78 kJ/kg

29
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
dk=0,087kg m/kg khi
L0k=4,3 kgkkk/kgnl
Lkt=6,02 kgkkk/kgnl
Gk=Gn+Gk=0,64+6,4=7.04 kg/kgnl
4.2.2 Thng s ca khng kh trc bung sy, sau bung ha trn.
Ta c: Nhit sau khi ha trn vo vng sy l t1=500C
I1= t1+ d1(2193+1,97.t1)= 50+2591,5d1
(1)
Li c: PT cn bng vt cht: G1 = G0+ Gk

PT cn bng nng lng: G1.I1 = G0.I0 + Gk.Ik
(G0 + Gk).I1= G0.I0+ Gk.Ik
(G0 + 7,04).I1 = 65,84.G0+9983
(2)
PT cn bng m: G1.d1 = G0.d0 + Gk.dk

(G0+Gk).d1 = G0.d0 + Gk.dk
(G0+7,04).d1 = 0,016.G0+ 0,6125
T (1),(2),(3) => H PT:
(3)
I1= 50+2591,5d1
(G0 + 7,04).I1 = 65,84.G0+9983
(G0+7,04).d1 = 0,016.G0+ 0,6125
Gii h PT trn ta c:
G0= 314kgkkk/Kgnl
d1= 0,018 Kg/Kgkk
I1=96,647 KJ/Kg
Lng khng kh thc vo bung sy:

30
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
G1= G0 + Gk = 314+7,04 = 321,04 Kgkk/Kgnl
-
T l ha trn:
n=
= 0,0224 = 2,24%
4.2.3: Lng khng kh cn thit cho qu trnh sy l thuyt:

l0 =
= 111 Kgkkk/Kgnl
L0 = l0.W = 111.172,41 = 19137,5 Kg/m

V0 =
= 18139,82 m3
Trong
Kg/m3 ta c c nh
tra bng thng s vt liu ca khng kh nhit trung bnh 550C

-
Nhit lng tiu hao:

Q0 = L0 ( I1 I0) = 19137,5.( 96,647 65,84) = 589568,96 (KJ)
4.2.4. Cn bng nhit ca qu trnh sy l thuyt.

-
Nhit a vo: Qv = Qkk + Q0

Nhit do khng kh a vo:
Qkk = L0.I0.T= G.L0.T=314.14156,7.8=35561630,4 KJ
Qv = 35561630,4+ 589568,96=36151199,36 (KJ)
Nhit a ra khi h thng: Qr= Q1 + Q2

Trong : Q1: Nhit lng hu ch vi tmt=250C ca khng kh bn ngoi.
Q1 =
= 172,41.[(2500+1,842.42)-4,18.25)=425678,81( KJ)
Q2 : Tn tht nhit do khng kh thi ra
Q2= L0.I1 = 19137,4.96,647 = 1849572,3 (KJ)
Hiu sut nhit ca h thng sy:

H=
= 72,2%

31
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.3. Xc nh cc kch thc c bn ca h thng sy
- Khi lng ring ca ng: vl = 500 Kg/m3
- Nng xut nhp liu: 1000Kg/m
- Th tch lp thc : Theo cng thc (10-1) [ 77 - 1]
V=
G2 1000
=
=1,25 m3
vl 800
Gi chiu cao lp thc l Hv (m)
Chiu di sn sy l D (m)
Chiu rng sn sy l R (m)
Tit din v sy l F=D.R
Theo cng thc tnh th tch hnh hp ch nht ta c:

V = Hv.F (m3)
Chn lp thc c chiu cao l Hv = 0,2 m m bo thc c sy u, khng
c hin tng lp thc gia m hn 2 mt ngoi.

Suy ra:
F=
V 1,25
=
=6,25 m2
H v 0. 2
Theo tiu chun v quan h gia chiu di v chiu rng ta chn v sy c:

Chiu rng v sy l R=2,0 m
Chiu di v sy l D=3,125 m
Chn chiu cao t y n v l 300mm, t mt trn lp thc n thnh l
300mm. Vy th tch phn thng kh l:
V1=F.H2=1,25.0.6=0,75 m3
Vy tng chiu cao ca bung sy l: H=0,8 m
Vt liu lm sn l v inox c t l vi ng knh l li ta chn l 5mm
ht khng lt qua v m bo bn c lu, khng han gh do nhit cao. Di
sn c cc thanh chn ngang sn khng b vng, khong cch cc thanh l 650mm
Xung quanh sn c xy bng gch , trnh tht thot nhit ra mi
trng xung quanh trong qu trnh sy ta c th xy tng 2 lp gch v gia l mt

32
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
lp khng kh dy khong 1 cm. Do khng kh dn nhit km hn gch nn nhit t b
tn tht v tit kim nhin liu.
gch
gch
4.4. Tnh ton qu trnh sy thc t

Tnh ton qu trnh sy thc t thng qua tnh ton cc tn tht nhit

33
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.4.1 Tn tht nhit ra mi trng xung quanh

-
Tn tht qua tng bao
Kt cu tng bao: tng bung sy c xy bng gch dy 0,25m, trong kt

cu c th nh sau:
+ Lp va mt trong v mt ngoi cng c dy 1=3=0,025 m
+Lp gch gia dy 2=0,2m
H s dn nhit cu gch l: = 1,31 W/m.k
Nhit trung bnh cu tc nhn sy: tf1 =
=460C
Nhit mi trng: tf2 = 250C

Khi vn tc tc nhn v<5m/s th 1 c tnh theo cng thc thc nghim:
1 = 6,15 + 4,17.v
Chn vn tc tc nhn sy v=3m/s => 1=18,66W/m2
Trao i nhit ddooiss lu pha ngoi gia mt bung sy v khng kh xung quanh l
ta nhit i lu t nhin chy ri. Do , h s trao i nhit i lu 2 s c tnh:
2= 1,715.(tw2 tf2)0,333
Trong : tw1: Nhit mt trong ca bung sy
tw2: Nhit ddooj b mt ngoi ca bung sy
Nh vy, mt dongf nhit s phi tha mn cc ng thc sau:
q1= 1(tf1-tw1)= 18,66.( 46-tw1)
q2= .( tw1 tw2)=
.(tw1-tw2)
(1)
(2)
q3= 2(tf2-tw2)= 1,715.(tw2-25)0.333
(3)
q1=q2=q3
(4)
Khi mt dng nhit tha mn cc ng thc trn th cng tha mn phng trnh
sau:
q=k.(tf1-tf2)
Trong k l h s truyn nhit k=

34
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
gii c phng trnh (1),(2),(3),(4) ta dng phng php lp:
Gi s ta cho tw1 mt gi tr no , t (1) ta tm c q1 sau thay gi tr va tm
c vo (2) ta tm c tw2 v tip tc thay tw2 va tm c vo (3) ta thu c gi
tr q3. Sau , ta so snh kt qu ca q1 v q3 c sai s khong 0,8-1% l chp nhn
c vi iu kin tw1>tw2.
Bng: tnh ton tm mt dng nhit cho tng gi tr tng ng ca tw1
tw1 (0C)
q1 (W/m2)
tw2 (0C)
42
106
33,91
43
79,5
36,93
44
53
39,95
45
26,5
42,98
Theo bng ta c th chn nhit 2 vch ca h thng sy:
q3 (W/m2)
31,64
46,72
63,13
80,69
tw1= 440C; tw2= 39,950C ; q= 63,13( W/m2)

Nhit lng ta ra mi trng xung quanh Q1:
Q1= q. Fxq = 63,13.(2.3,125.0,8+2.2.0,8)=517,7 (W)
Nhit lng ta ra mi trng xung quanh qua phn pha trn ca bung sy Q2:
Q2=q. Fbm= 63,13.(2.3,125)= 394,6 (W)
Nhit lng tn tht qua y h thng sy Q3:
Q3=q. F = 63,13. 3.125.2= 394,6 (W)
Vy tng tn tht nhit ra mi trng:
Qmt= Q1+Q2+Q3= 517,7+ 394,6+394,6= 1307 (W)
Khi : qmt=
= 7,58 (kJ/kg m)
4.4.2 Tn tht nhit do vt liu sy mang i

Nhit lng do vt liu sy mang ra khi vng sy:
Qm=G2.Cm.(tm1 tm2)
Trong :
G2: khi lng thc u ra (kg) G2=1000kg
Tm1: nhit vt liu sy vo khi vo bung sy (oC)tm1= tv11=270C
Tm2: nhit vt liu sy ra khi bung sy (oC)
tm2=tvl2=400C

35
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Cm: nhit dung ring ca ht thc Cm=Ck+
Ca-Ck
.
100
Trong :
Ck: nhit dung ring ca vt liu kh. Ck=1,2-1,7 kJ/kg. , ta chn
Ck=1,7Kj/kg.
Ca=Ch=4,182kJ/kg. : nhit dung ring ca m
=13%: m tng i ca thc
Do :
Cm = Ck +
Ca-Ck
4.182-1.7
.=1,7+
.13 = 2,02 kJ/kg.
100
100
Khi : Qm = 1000.2,02.(40 27)=26260kJ

Tn tht nhit do vt liu sy mang ra khi vng sy:
qvl =
Qm
26260
=152,31 kJ/kg m
172 ,41
Nh vy tng tn tht nhit do vt liu sy mang ra khi vng sy l:

= Ca.tv1 (qvl+qmt) = 4,182 . 27 (152,31+8,3) = -47,696 kJ/kg
Tn tht nhit do vt liu sy mang ra khi bung sy: theo thc nghim khong
10%.
4.4.3. Cc thng s sau qu trnh sy thc

Lng cha m ca tc nhn sy ra khi vng sy thc:
-
Nhit dung ring dn xut Cdx:

Cdx= 1,0048+ 1,842.d1=1,0048+ 1,842.0,018=1,04(kJ/kg.)
Xc nh lng cha m d2. Ta c:

d2 =d1+
Cdx.(t1 t 2)
1,04.(50 25)
=0,018+
=0,021 kg m/kgkk
i
i
Trong :
i-entapy ca hi nc cha trong TNS sau khi sy

36
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
i=2500+1,842t2=2500+1,842.42=2577,4 kJ/kg
- m tng i ca tc nhn sy ra khi vng sy.
=
P.d 2
1.0,021
=
= 0,344=34,4%
Pbh.( 0,621 d 2)
0,095 .( 0,621 0,021 )
Lng tc nhn sy thc t bc 1kg m l:

l=
1
1
=
= 333,33 kgkk/kg m
d2-d0
0,021 0,018
-Lng khng kh kh cn thit cho qu trnh sy thc l:

L= l.W= 333,33.172,41 =57470 kgkk/h
4.4.4. Tnh ton cn bng nhit lng ca qu trnh sy thc
Tng nhit lng tiu hao cho 1kg m bc hi q
q=l(I2-I0)-=333,33x(96,33-65,86)+47,686= 10204,35 kj/kg m
vi entanpy im C
I2= 1,0048.t2 +d2(2500+1,842.t2)=1,0048.42+0,021.(2500+1,842.42)
= 96,33 kJ/kg
V Qs = q. W= 10204,35 x 172,41 =1759332,44 kJ
Nhit lng c ch
q1= i1-Ca.tv11 = (2500+1,842.50)-4,182x27= 2479,19 (kJ/kg)
vi tv11=270C l nhit vt liu sy vo vng sy
Tn tht nhit do TNS mang i
q2= l.Cdx(t2-t0)= 333,33.1,04x( 42-25)=5893,27 (kJ/kg)
Tng nhit lng tnh ton :
q=q1+q2+qmt +qvl=2479,19+5893+8,33+125,31=8532,82 (kJ/kg)
Hiu sut nhit bung sy :
bs=
q1 2479 ,19
=
=29 %
q ' 8532 ,82

37
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
4.4.5. Tnh tiu hao nhin liu
Lng nhin liu tiu hao trong mt m:
B1=
q '.W
Qc .
kgnl/h
q=10204,35
kJ/kg: tng lng nhit cn thit thc t cho vng sy.
W =172,41
kg m: lng m bc hi qua vng sy
B1 =
10204 ,35 .172 ,41

= 204 kgnl
14342 ,24 .0,6

38
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
CHNG V: CC THIT B PH TR H THNG SY
Bn cnh vic nghin cu v c ch sy vt liu l ch yu trong bung sy th
vic nghin cu cc b phn ca my sy cng khng km phn quan trng. Vic nm
vng cu to, nguyn l hot ng v tnh ton cc thng s c bn ca cc thit b ph
l ht sc cn thit.
Cc thit b ph ca my sy gm:
+ Bung t cung cp nhit cho my sy (bung t tru)
+ Qut thi cp tc nhn vo bung sy
+ Thit b lc v thi bi t bung sy
5.1. Bung t
5.1.1 c im v mc ch ca bung t
Bung t trong h thng sy c s dng vi mt trong hai mc ch:
+ Bung t to ra khi l c nhit cao dng lm dch th nng cung cp nhit
ha trn vi khng kh a vo bung sy.
+ Bung t to ra khi l c nhit thch hp dng lm tc nhn sy trc
tip cp vo my sy.
Nhit tc nhn sy thng thng c nhit thp nn nhin liu dng trong
cc bung t ca h thng sy khng cn loi c nhit tr cao.Khi dng khi l lm
tc nhn sy th thng thng sau bung t l bung ha trn gia khi v khng kh
ngoi tri c mt tc nhn sy vi nhit thch hp.
Nhin liu dng trong bung t ch yu l nhin liu rn v lng. Dng nhin
liu lng v nhin liu kh th bung t c gn, sch s, d iu chnh v t ng
ha qu trnh chy. Tuy nhin, chi ph cho 1 kg sn phm s cao hn so vi khi dng
nhin liu rn nh than , ci, tru Bung t nhin liu rn tuy d xy dng
nhng cng knh v c bit l khi trong bung t loi ny cha nhiu bi bn gm
c tro v cc ht nhin liu cha chy ht bay theo.

39
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
c im ca bung t:
Bung t ca thit b sy c vi c im khc vi bung t ca l nung
v cc l luyn l thng t vi cng chy thp, t chy hon ton vi h s,
tiu hao khng kh rt ln. Khi ra khi bung t c dng sy nn cn phi tch
bi v trit tiu la, do sau bung t cn c b phn lng bi v trit tiu la
5.1.2 Thit k bung t
-Din tch ghi l:
Fghi=
B1. 204
=
= 0,2125m2
b.h 120.8
Trong :
Fghi- din tch b mt ghi l
B1- lng nhin liu tiu hao.
Qf-nhit th trn ghi kgnl/h(theo ph lc 3 bng 2 trang 206 ca PGS.Trn Vn
Chc)
Th tch bung t bng:
Vb=
QtB 3142.204
=
=2,57 m3
Qv 250.10^3
Trong :
Qv-nhit th th tch bung t kJ/m3h
Theo ph lc 3, bng 2, trang 206 ca PGS.Trn Vn Chc Qv=(232-290)x103
-
Chn chiu cao bung t bng: 1,5 m
Chn chiu di bung t bng: 1,7m
Chiu rng bung t bng: 1,0m
Chiu dy lp nhin liu trn ghi:

40
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
h=
=0,08(m) = 80mm
5.2 Thit b lc v kh bi t l t tru

Trong qu trnh t nhin liu s to ra bi bn, nu khng c h thng kh bi
th bi s i theo khi l vo vt liu sy lm bn vt liu sy, gy h hng vt liu.
Do cn c h thng kh bi lm sch khi l trc khi dn vo bung sy.
Trong h thng l t tru ghi nghing bung t hnh tr, khi c cun ln
cao ri vo ng dn khi n qut ht, do vy lng bi i theo cng khng nhiu.
V vy ta ch cn s dng mng lc bi gn trn thnh ng ngn bi l c th m
bo sch ca khi, bi s ri xung di v theo ng thi than tru ra ngoi l
t. Nh vy s h thng s n gin v gim chi ph hn so vi vic s dng h
thng lc bi cyclone.
5.3 Tnh chn qut
Khi thit k mt h thng sy, ngoi vic tnh ton qu trnh sy, chn nguyn
tc v thit k khng gian sy ng, tnh ton nhit ng th vic tnh ton v chn
qut khng km phn quan trng. Qut l b phn quan trng nht ca h thng sy
xt v thit k v cu to. Nu qut ch cho 2/3 lng gi so vi yu cu th thi gian
sy tng gn gp ri, nh th lm gim nng sut sy, tng chi ph cht t, gim cht
lng sy v m cui khng ng u.

41
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Cn c vo lu lng th tch khng kh cn thit V v tr lc ca h thng
H c th trn c qut gi.
Khi chn qut gi cn ch n tc lm vic khu vc hiu sut cao. ng
thi phi ch n tc bnh gung ca qut m bo bn c hc v tha mn
iu kin cho php v ting n c hc v kh ng do qut gy nn
- Cng sut qut:
N=
V .Ho
[kW]
102 .q
V: lu lng th tch ca khng kh (m3/ s)

H0: tng tr lc ca h thng quy v iu kin tiu chun (mmH2O)
5.3.1 Tn tht pha u ht
l
xVh2
H=( +)
d
2
Trong :
l-chiu di ng ng, m
-h s ma st gia lu th vi thnh ng
- tng tr lc cc b trn ng ng ht
-Lu lng khi:
Lkh=LkxB=6,129x204/8=156,3 kg/h
-Khi lng ring ca khi xp x bng kh=0,239 kg/m3 nhit ca khi bng
1495C (ph lc 6- tnh ton thit k h thng sy- Trn Vn Ph)
Lkh' 156 ,3
-Lu lng th tch Vkh =
=
= 654 m3/h
kh 0,239
Chn ng knh ng l 0,15m, chiu di ng l 6 m

42
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Din tch ng l: F=
0,15^ 2.3,14
=0,018 m2
4
Vn tc kh trong ng l: Vh=
Vkh'
654
=10,1 m/s
F 0,018 .3600
Chun s Reynold:
Re=
dxvh
0,15 .10 ,1
=
=11331,3
v
133 ,7.10 ^ 6
-H s tr lc ma st:
=
0.3164
0.3164
=
=0,03
4
Re 4 11331 ,3
Theo bn v ta thy c 2 on gp 90 Tra bng ph lc 8 (Trn Vn Ph) ta c

=1,1
H=(0.03x
6
0,239.10,1^ 2
+1,1x2).
=28 mmH2O
0,15
2
5.3.2 Tn tht pha u y

+ Th tch khng kh kh cn cho 1 m sy l
V = 654.8=5232 m3
+ Lu lng khng kh kh l:
L=156,3 (m3/h)
Do lu lng kh cn cho bung sy kh ln nn ta s dng 2 qut thi kh

vo. Vy lu lng mi qut l: V=
156,3
=78,15 m3/h
2
Chn ng knh ng thi l 0,15mtit din ng bng 0,018 m2

V
Vn tc TNS trong ng l: V=v =
78,15
=1,2 m/s
3600.0.018
Tn tht p sut cc b pha u y bng

43
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
xV2
1,06.1,2^ 2
pc= 2 =1,1x
=0,84 mmH2O
2
Trong : l khi lng ring ca kh kh 60C
5.3.3 Tn tht p sut qua lp qut
ng knh trung bnh ca ht ng: d=0,0075m
nhit trung bnh ttb=46C
Theo ph lc 6 ta c v=19,6525x10-6 m2/s
Do :
Re=
Ws .d
v
0,5.0.0075
=190,82
19 ,6525 .10 ^ 6
H s thy ng theo cng thc:

a= 5,85+
490 100
100
490
+
=5,85+
+
=15,66
Re Re
190 ,82
190 ,82
Khi lng dn xut:

dx=
0.25x(G1+G2)
0.75x2xF
Chn =0,4 l h s in y ca ng
G1=1172,41 kg, G2=1000 kg
dx=
0,25 .0,4.(1172 ,41 1000 )

=1,84 kg/m3
0,75 .2.6,25
H s :
Khi lng ring ca ng l v=800kg/m3
=
v-dx 800 1,84

=
=0,9977
v
800
H s Cl
Cl=
1- 1 0,9977
=
=2.3.10-3
2 0,9977 ^ 2

44
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Tr lc qua lp ht:
axHvxv2xkxCl 15,66 .0,2.2^ 2.1,2.2.3.10 ^ 3
Ph=
=
=0,236 mm H2O
2xgxd
2.9,8.0,0075
Trong :
Hv l chiu cao lp VLS
k =1,2 kg/m3 l khi lng ring trung bnh ca khng kh
V=2 m/s l vn tc TNS chuyn ng qua lp ht
Tng tn tht p sut bng:
p= H+pc +Ph=28+0.31+0,236=28,546 mmH2O
+ Cng sut qut c xc nh theo cng thc:
N=
Lxp
(KW)
102xnq
+ Cng sut ca ng c in:

N =
Nxkd
nk
nK hiu sut ca khp ni

Vi V = 78.15(m3/h) , p = 28,546 mmH2O v nq = 0,8, ta c
Cng sut qut l: N =
78,15 .28,546
= 27,3 (KW)
102 .0,8
Vy ta chn qut theo iu kin:

Lu lng khng kh V= 78.15 m3/h
Tng ct p p=28,546 mmH2O
Ta chn qut ly tm, thuc loi trung p

45
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
CHNG VI: TNH TON GI THNH SN PHM
6.1. Tnh ton u t v nhin liu t-nh gi hiu qu su dng nng lng
Tru l nhin liu t cp nhit trc tip cho h thng sy. tru l sn phm sau
khi xay xt thc c rt nhiu v i khi ngi ta phi t hoc b xung sng. Tuy
nhin, khng phi ni no cng th m thc t hin nay gi tru gn khong 2500
ng/1bao(khong 10kg)
Bn k chi ph nhin liu cp

Tn
Tru
Gi
Khi lng tiu th
Thi gian cp
Thnh tin
(ng/kg)
(kg)
(gi)
(ng/m)
250
204
51000
6.2. lng tiu th in (gi in sn xut gi bnh thng:2000 ng/ kW.h)

STT
Thi gian lm vic
Lng in tiu th
Thnh tin
(kW)
(gi/m)
(kW.h/m)
(ng/m)
Tn thit b Cng sut
Qut sy
27,3
218,4
436800
Cp tru
1,5
12
24000
chi ph v in = 460800 ng/m

6.3. tnh ton gi cng ca cng nhn vn hnh.

46
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
Cng nhn bc vc s lng: 1 ngi
Tin cng: 100000 ng/m
Thnh tin: 100000 ng/m
6.4. tnh ton chi ph u t v chi ph bo dng
Thi gian hot ng : 1000 m
* Chi ph u t h thng: 10000000 ng =>10000 ng/m
* Bo dng: 5 nm /5 ln/300000 ng
=> 7500 ng/m
chi ph u t bo dng: 17500 ng/m

6.5. tnh ton gi thnh sn phm.
STT
Tn chi ph
Tng s tin (ng/m)
Nhin liu
51 000
8,86
Tin in
406 800
70,71
Nhn cng
100 000
17,38
u t,bo dng
17 500
3,05
575300
100
Tng cng

47
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
BN V

48
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
KT LUN
H thng sy thc bng thit b sy v ngang c th vn hnh khng ph thuc
vo thi tit v c nng sut sy cao hn,thi gian sy ngn hn v cht lng sn
phm sy tt hn so vi vic phi thc trc tip di nh nng mt tri. My sy tnh
v ngang c cu to n gin, ph hp vi sn xut phn tn v gi thnh chp nhn
c. H thng ny ang c ng dng rng ri ng bng sng Cu Long. Tuy
nhin, cho n nay vic cc kt qu nghin cu xy dng m hnh d on thi gian
sy thc tnh theo lp dy vn cha c cng b rng ri, cc nh hng ca nhit
v tc kh sy, chiu dy lp ht v khong thi gian gia cc ln o gi.
H thng sy thit k trong n ca em cn c th hon thin hn na
nhng do thi gian c hn v kin thc cn hn ch nn khng trnh khi thiu
st. Em rt mong nhn c s ng gp cng nh nhng li ch bo thm ca
cc thy c v s ng gp ca cc bn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!

49
V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56
TI LIU THAM KHO

1. PGS-TSKH Trn Vn Ph - Tnh ton v thit k h thng sy-NXB Gio
Dc-Nm 2002.
2. GS-TSKH Nguyn Bin - Cc qu trnh thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v
thc phm.
3. TS.Phan Hiu Hin - n CARD-tiu hp phn sy tnh-2007 bo co ln 2.
4. Vin C a Nng Nghip v cng ngh sau thu hoch.
5. FANTECH catalogue-Fans by fantech software 3.0-http://ww.fantech.com.au
6. Thit k h thng thit b sy (PGS.TS Hong Vn Chc ) nh xut bn khoa
hc v k thut.
7. C s l thuyt v k thut sn xut thc phm ( TS. Nguyn Xun Phng;
TSKH. Nguyn Vn Thoa ) nh xut bn Gio Dc.

50

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V Th Hng- KTTP2-K56

Khi nim v sy. ........................................................................................................ 7

Bn cht c trng ca qu trnh sy. ........................................................................ 8

CHNG II: VT LIU SY V TC NHN SY....................................................... 10

Cc phng php sy nhn to - cc dng my sy ng .......................................... 17

3.2.1. Cu to h thng sy tnh v ngang. ...................................................................... 17

3.2.3 My sy tng si. .................................................................................................... 20

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

nh gi hiu qu s dng nng lng.

Xc nh chi ph u t, chi ph vn hnh v chi ph bo dng.

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

1.1 Khi nim v sy.

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Bp rng ca: Ht to, dp, u ht c vt lm nh hnh ci rng. Hai bn

sng ht l tinh bt min sng, u v gia ht l cht tinh bt mm (min bt). V

Bp : Ht trn, ni nh cha nhiu tinh bt min sng, v ht c mu

Bp np: Ht trn, to, b mt nhn, mu trng c hoc mu vng. Hm

Bp bt:Ht bt v u trn, mt ht nhn. ni nh c mu trng c, cu

Bp ng: Ht thng nhn nheo, v c mu vng, trng hoc tm. Hm

lng tinh bt ca ni nh khong 25 47% khi lng ht, hm lng ng v

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Thnh phn chnh ca ht ng gm ch yu l: tinh bt, protein, xenlulose. Ngoi

Vit Nam, ng l mt trong 5 loi ng cc l nguyn liu sn xut tinh bt,

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Trong : v : mt khi ht cha trong n v th tch ( khi lng th tch)

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Loi tp cht-phn loi

2.4. Cng ngh sy ng.

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

CHNG III: CC PHNG PHP SY V CC LOI MY SY THC

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

3.2. Cc phng php sy nhn to - cc dng my sy ng.

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Nguyn l hot ng:

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

4.1.2 Cn bng vt cht:

Khng kh vo thit b sy:

Lng cha m d0:

Nhit dung ring dn xut Cdx(d0):

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

ng knh tng ng:

Nhit dung ring:

Khi lng ring rn: r = 1253 Kg/m3

Din tch b mt ring khi lng: f = 1, m2/kg

Vt liu sau khi ra thit b sy : chn nhit ra ca ng nh hn nhit

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

Lng vt liu u ra:

Lng vt liu kh tuyt i c sy trong 1 gi:

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

GVHD: PGS.TS: L Nguyn ng

th I-d: qu trnh sy bng khi l

4.2.1. Tnh ton khi l