Current Electricity

ARevision Material
Homework Questions
1.

A copper wire of length 60 cm and cross sectional area 107 m2 carries a current of 1.6A . How long
will an electron take to drift from one end of the wire to the another. Assume that there are 1029 free
electrons per m3 in copper.
(a) 106 sec
Sol: vd

(b) 1010 sec

(c) 10 min

(d) 2 min

i
1.6

103 ms1
neA 1029 1.6 1019 107

L
0.6

600s 10 min
vd 103

Ans: (c)
2.

A wire is stretched to make it 0.1% longer. What is the percentage change in resistance?
(a) 0.1%
Sol: R

R r2

(b) 0.2%

(c) 0.3%

100 2 100
R

2 0.1% 0.2% .

Ans: (b)
3.

Find the value of current I in the circuit shown

B

9V
4
2

(a) 1 A

(b) 2 A

(c)

(d) 4 A

3A

Sol: Applying KVL

0 i 4 3 i 9 i 2 0 0
9i 9 i 1A

Ans: (a)
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(d) 0.4%

Current Electricity

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4.

An electric cable having a resistance of 0.2 delivers 10 kW of power at 200 V to a factory. Find the
efficiency of transmission.
(a) 43.5%

(b) 50%

(c) 83.5%

(d) 95%

Sol: R 0.2 , P 10 kW , V 200 V

2

p
Power loss in the cable I 2 R R
V
2

10 103
2 100 100 2

0.5 kW

200 10
4
10

Total power supported by the source 10 0.5 10.5 kW

power delivered 10

0.95 95%
powersupplied 10.5

Ans: (d)
5.

For the given circuit the potential difference between the points x and y is

6V , 2
y

4V ,8

(a) 3.2 A

(b) 4.8 A

(c) 5.6 A

(d) 6.2 A

Sol: Current in the circuit

64 1
A
8 2 5

6V

6V

Vy 2i 6 Vx 0

1
Vy Vx 2i 6 2 6
5

2 30
5.6 A
5

4V

Ans: (c)
6.

The deflection in M .C.G falls from 50 to 10 division when a shunt of 12 is connected across it. The
resistance of the galvanometer coil is.
(a) 12

(b) 24

(c) 36

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(d) 48

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Current Electricity

Sol:

I 'g
G

I I 'g
G

I I 'g

I 50 K , I 1g 10 K

I g' G I I g' S
I

G
1 S
Ig

50
1 12 4 12 48
10

Ans: (d)
7.

The current in the circuit shown is

30

30

30

2V
(a) 0.1 A

(b) 0.2 A

(c) 0.3 A

(d) 0.4 A

Sol:
The effective resistance

60 30
20
60 30

V
2

0.1A
R 20

30

30
30

2V

Ans: (a)
8.

A battery of emf E and internal resistance ' r ' is connected across a pure resistors of resistance R .
The power output of the device is maximum if
(a) r R

(b) r 2R

(c) 2r R

(d) r R

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Current Electricity

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Sol: Current in the circuit i

E
rR
2

E
power output p i R
R
rR

dp
0
dR

imax is possible if
and

d2 p
dR 2

dp
E2

dR R r 2

Rr
Rr 0

R r and also

d2 p
dR 2

Ans: (a)
9.

A set of ' n ' identical resistors each of resistance ' R ' ohm when connected in series has an effective
resistance ' x ' ohm. When the resistance is ' y ' ohm, what is the relation between R, x and y ?
(a) R

xy
x y

(b) R y x

Sol: When in series nR x

When in parallel

R
y
n

From (1) and (2) nR

(c) R xy

(d) R

1
xy

(1)
(2)

R
xy
n

R 2 xy , R xy
Ans: (c)
10. For the circuit shown, the current through the galvanometer will be zero if the value of resistance ' x ' is
2

12
10
x

(a) 4

(b) 6

(c) 12

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(d) 24

Current Electricity

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Sol: P 5 , Q 4 , R 10 , S

12 x
12 x

P R

Q S

5 10

12 x
4 12 x
3x 24 2 x
x 24

Ans: (d)
11. Find the value of current I in the circuit shown

I
9V

(a) 1 A

(b) 2 A

(c) 3 A

(d) 4 A

Sol: Applying KVL:

VD 2i 9 3i 4i VA 0
qi 9 Vd VA

C
9V

i 1A

qi q 0 0

Ans: (a)
A

12. Two Resistors of 400 and 600 are connected in series with a

5.0V

5.0 V battery of negligible internal resistance. A voltmeter of

resistance 9600 is used to measure the potential difference across

the 400 resistor. Find the error in the measurement of potential

400

difference.

9600

(a) 0.05 V

(b) 0.5 V

(c) 5 V

(d) 5 V

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600

Current Electricity

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Sol: Total resistance of the circuit

R1

400 9600
600 984
400 9600

Total current in the circuit I '

5
A
984

Potential difference measured by voltmeter

5
384 1.95V
984

Actual potential difference across 400 resistor is V 400

2V
400

600

Error 2 1.95 0.05 V

Ans: (a)
13. A 100W, 250 V bulb B1 and two 60W, 250V bulbs B2 and B3 are connected to 250 V source as
shown. If W1, W2 and W3 are output powers of the bulbs B1 , B2 and B3 respectively. Then

B1

B2

B3

250V
(a) W1 W2 W3

(b) W1 W2 W3

(c) W1 W2 W3

(d) W1 W2 W3

Sol:

R2

R1
R3

250V
The resistance of bulbs B1, B2 , B3 are R1

R3 R2

250 2
P2

V 2 250 250

625
P1
100

250 250
1042
60

Voltage across B1 is V1

VR1
250 625

93.7 V
R1 R2 625 1024

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Voltage across B2 is V2 250 93.7 156.3 V

Voltage across B3 is V3 250 V
V 2 93.7
Power output W1

14 W
R1
625
2

W2
W3

156.32
1042

250 2
1042

23 W

60 W

Hence W1 W2 W3
Ans: (d)
14. The resistance between points A and B is
B

4
(a) 5

(b) 10

(c) 15

(d) 20

Sol: Equivalent resistance

4 8

4
B

2
RAB 4 4 2 10

Ans: (b)

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15. What is the potential difference between points C and D in the circuit shown

C1 1 F

C2 2 F
C

12V

(a) 3.6 V

(b) 7.2 V

(c) 1.2 V

(d) 4.8 V

Sol: Current I

12
1.2A
3 6 1

VD VB 3 1.2 3.6 V
VD 3.6V (1)

VC VB

C2
2
12 12
10.8
C1 C2
1 2

2
VC 10.8 7.2V (2)
3
From (1) and (2) VC VD 3.6 V
Ans: (a)
16. Which of the following statements is current about the given circuit.

16V ,1

12V , 0.5
Q

P
4

0.5
S

(a) Potential at P is 6 V
(b) Potential at Q is 1 V
(c) If voltmeter is connected across 6 V battery, it reads 7 V
(d) If voltmeter is connected across 6 V battery, it reads 6 V

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Current Electricity

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Sol: Total resistance in the circuit R 4 1 0.5 0.5 6 total emf 12 6 6v

1.5

6V

0.5

Total current i

6 6
1 A
R 6

VPR VP VR 4 1 4 VP 4 V
VSQ VS VQ 0.5V VQ 0.5 V
6V battery is charging E ir 6 1 7 V

Ans: (d)
17. What is the current flowing through the galvanometer in the circuit

G 80

80

80

2.4V
(a) 10 A

(b) 20 A

(c) 1 A

(d) 0.01 A

Sol: Total resistance 80

Current in the circuit i

80 80
80 40 120
160

2.4
2 102 A
120

IgG I Ig R

Ig

2 102 80
102 A 0.01 A
8 80

Ans: (d)

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18. A uniform wire of resistance 4 is bent into the form of a circle of radius ' r ' . A specimen of the same
wire is connected along the diameter of the circle. What is equivalent resistance across the ends of the
wire?

4
1

(a)

(b)

4
4

Sol: Resistance per unit length

(c)

2
4

(d)

4
4

R
2 r

R
R
Resistance of the wire along the diameter
2r R '
2 r

R
2

R
2

R
2

R
2

1
2 2 4
R
4
Reff

Re ff R R R R R
4 4

Ans: (b)
19. For the given circuit in steady state condition, the potential drop across the capacitor is
V

2V

2R

(a)

V
3

(b)

2V
3

(c)

V
5

(d)

3V
5

Sol: In steady state condition there is no current through capacitor, it acts as a open circuit
i

R
V

A
V

2R
D

E
2V
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Applying KVL along ACDEB :

VA V 2V i(2R) VB 0

V V

3R 3

VA VB V i (2R) V 2R
Ans: (b)

20. A battery of internal resistance 4 is connected to network of resistance as shown in stg. In order that
maximum power can be delivered to the network, the value of R in ohm should be
R

6R

E , 4
R

(a)

(b)

4R

(c) 9

Sol: Effective resistance in the circuit

R

2R

6R
RR

4R

Rin

R 2R 2R 4R
R 2 R 2 R 4

2R

In order to deliver maximum power, external resistance Internal resistance

4 2R R 2

Ans: (d)

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(d) 2

Current Electricity

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21. In the circuit shown, the current in the 1 resistor is 2 A . The power developed in the 3 resistor is

2
(a) 3 W

(b) 9 W

(c) 27 W

(d) 9.16 W

Sol:

VAB VCD
ii 1 i2 2

21 2 i2 i2 1A , i1 2A
Total current i i1 i2 1 2 3A
Current through 3 resistor is 3A
The power developed in 3 resistor i 2 R 32 3 27 W

Ans: (c)
22. In the given circuit, the resistors of 2 and 3 together dissipate 30 W of power. The current through
the 4 resistor is

3
V
(a) 0.5A

(b) 1.5A

(c) 2.5A

(d) 3.5A

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Sol:

23 6

23 5

Power

V2
R

V 2 P R
V 2 30

6
5

V 6V
The current through 4 is i

V 6
1.5A
R 4

Ans: (b)
23. The wires AB and BC , each of length

L
are made of the same material. The radius of wire AB is '2r '
2

and of wire BC is r . The current I flows through the composite wire.

Choose the correct statement from the following
I

L

2

L

2

(a) P.D a cross BC is twice that across AB

(b) Power dissipated in BC is four times dissipated in AB
(c) Current densities in AB and BC are equal
(d) Electric fields in AB and BC are equal
Sol: Same current will flow through both the wires.

RAB

L
L

1 2 1

RBC
2
4 r2
4
2r

(a) VBC iRBC i 4 RAC 4 iRAC 4VAB

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(b) PBC VBC i i 4VAB 4 VAB i 4PBC

j AB

(c)

2r

1
jBC
4

(d) E V EBC 4VAB

Ans: (b)
24. The potential difference across the 3

3V

4V

3
(a) zero

(b) 2.25 V

(c) 3.8 V

(d) qV

Sol: The two sub circuits are closed loops so they cannot send any current through 3 resistor i 0
V iR 0

Ans: (a)
25. If a wire is stretched to make it 0.1% longer its resistance will
(a) increase by 0.05%
(b) increase by 0.2%
(c) decrease by 0.2%
(d) remains unchanged
Sol: R
R

A
2

100% 2 100% 2 0.1%

R

R
100% 0.2% increase
R

Ans: (b)

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