Phn 1: Lm quen vi phn mm ArcGIS

Gii thiu phn mm ArcGIS

Arcgis Desktop l g?
Arcgis Desktop l mt sn phm ca Vin Nghin cu h thng
mi trng (ESRI) . C th ni y l mt phn mm v Gis hon
thin nht. Arcgis cho php ngi s dng thc hin nhng chc nng
ca Gis bt c ni no h mun: trn mn hnh, my ch, trn web,
trn cc field Phn mm Arcgis Desktop bao gm 3 ng dng chnh
sau:

ArcMap
- ArcMap xy dng, hin th, x l v phn tch cc bn
.
+ to cc bn t cc rt nhiu cc loi d liu khc nhau
+ truy vn d liu khng gian tm kim v hiu mi
lin h gia cc i tng khng gian
+ to cc biu
+ hin th trang in n

ArcCatolog

- ArcCatalog: dng lu tr, qun l hoc to mi cc d liu

a l
+ to mi mt c s d liu
+ explore v tm kim d liu
+ xc nh h thng to cho c s d liu

ArcToolbox
- ArcToolbox: cung cp cc cng c x l, xut-nhp cc d
liu t cc nh dng khc nh MapInfo, MicroStation, AutoCad

Thc hnh m, hin th d liu trong ArcGis

Kin thc nn:
- Mi mt bn trong Arcmap c gi l Map document, mt
bn c th c mt hay nhiu data frames. Data Frame l mt
nhm cc lp (Data layer) cng c hin th trong mt h quy chiu.
Mi Data Frame c th c mt h quy chiu ring. Cc Data Frame c
hin th ring bit trong ch Data View v c th hin th trong
cng mt Layout View. Thng thng, mt bn n gin ch c mt
Data Frame v bn cn s dng nhiu Data Frame khi cn in thm mt
s bn ph trn 1 mnh bn chnh. Bn (Map document)
c ghi trong file c ui l .mxd

- ArcMap c chc nng Project on-the-fly cho php thay i

mt cch nhanh chng h quy chiu ca cc Layer. V d nh ta c mt
bn trong h to VN-2000 v nu ta thm vo bn 1 lp c
xc nh trong h HN-72 th ArrcMap s t ng chuyn tm thi lp
v h VN-2000 hin th ng trn bn cng vi cc d liu
khc. Bn thn cc tp tin cha lp va thm vo th vn khng thay
i, tc l vn trong h HN-72.
- Layer l t hp cp cao ca d liu. Mt layer file cha cc ni
dung:
+ ng dn ti d liu (Shapefile, geodatabase..)
+ cc tham s hin th nh mu sc, lc nt k hiu
- Cc Layer c th c to ra t nhiu ngun d liu khc nhau
nh: Shape files, personal geodatabase, ArcInfo cover datasets, CAD
drawings, SDE databases, photo, image.
- D liu lu tr trong ArcGis c lu tr 3 dng: shapefile,
coverages, geodatabase.

+ Shape files: lu tr c d liu khng gian ln d liu thuc

tnh. Tu thuc vo cc loi i tng khng gian m n lu tr, Shape
files s c hin th trong ArcCatolog bng 1 trong 3 biu tng sau:
V thc cht shape file khng phi l
1 file m l 5-6 file c tn ging nhau nhng
ui kch nhau. 3 file quan trong nht ca
shape file l cc file c ui:
*.shp cha cc i tng khng gian (Geometry)
*.dbf bng thuc tnh
*.shx ch s lin kt i tng vi bng thuc tnh
*.prj xc nh h quy chiu ca shape file
+Coverages: lu tr cc d liu khng gian, thuc tnh v
topology. Cc d liu khng gian c hin th dng im, ng,
vng v ghi ch.
+ GeoDatabase: l mt CSDL c cha trong mt file c ui l
*.mdb. Khc vi shape file, GeoDatabase cho php lu gi topology ca
cc i tng. Cu trc ca GeoDatabase nh sau:

Trong GeoDatabase c 1 hay nhiu Feature Dataset. Feature

Dataset l mt nhm cc loi i tng c chung mt h quy chiu v
h to . Mt Feature Dataset c th cha mt hay nhiu Feature
class. Feature class chnh l n v cha cc i tng khng gian ca
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bn v tng ng vi 1 layer trong Arcmap. Mi Feature class ch

cha mt i tng ( polygon vng, line-ng, point-im). Mt
Feature class s c gn vi 1 bng thuc tnh (Attribute Table). Khi bn
to Feature class th bng thuc tnh cng c t ng to theo.

Thc hnh m, hin th d liu trong ArcGis

I. Lm quen vi phn mm ArcMap

Cc ch hin th
ArcMap cung cp 2 ch hin th: Data View v Layout View
+ Data View hin th cc ni dung chnh ca bn tc l cc
i tng khng gian
+ Layout View: hin th bn trong ch nh chng ta in ra
giy. Ngoi cc i tng bn cn hin th cc yu t trang tr bn
nh khung, li to , ch gii
thay i ch hin th chn thanh thc n View v chn
ch hin th
1. Khi ng Arcmap: chn menu Start > programs > ArcGIS >

Arcmap Hoc kch p vo biu tng

trn mn hnh

Desktop.

2. Trn mn hnh xut hin hp thoi ArcMap,la chn chng

trnh lm vic ri click Ok
-

A new empty map: to mt bn

mi.
-

A template: m mu c sn

An existing map: m mt bn

c. chn ng dn cho bn ta

chn Browse for maps.

3. t cc tham s cho Data Frame

 Trong th mc Table of contents (TOC) ca bn va to c

1 Data frame c tn mc
nh l Layers. Data Frame
ny hin cn ang rng:
t h thng to cho
DataFrame

Bm chut phi vo
ri trong menu hin ra chn Properties

Trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo trang Coordinate System

Trong hp thoi Select a coordinate system chn
Predefined> Geographic
Coordinate Systems >World >
WGS 1984
Bm Apply.
T gi tr i bn s c hin th
trong h to a l WGS-84. Nu bn
thm vo Data Frame (tc l thm vo bn
cc d liu trong h quy chiu khc)
th chng s c t ng chuyn i v
h WGS-84. i tn cho Data Frame
Layers v chn n v hin th ta cho n lm cc bc sau:

i tn cho DataFrame
Bm chut phi vo

ri chn Properties

Bm vo trang General
Trong Name g WGS84 i tn ca Data Frame
Trong Display chn Degrees Minutes Seconds hin th
to di dng -pht-giy.

4. Thm d liu t Shape file v coverage file

6

Bm nt Add data

t thanh cng c ca ArcMap hoc kch

chut phi vo Layer bn bng TOC chn Add Data.

- chn ng dn cho th mc lm vic
- n phm Shift nu mun chn ng thi nhiu lp
- Bm Add

5. To mt Data Frame mi
Chn menu Insert > Data Frame

xut hin trong

TOC.

cc layer ca Data Frame WGS 84 khng hin th trn

mn hnh na (do trong ch Data View, ArcMap ch
hin th 1 Data Frame trong 1 thi im, l Active
Frame tn ca n c vit bng ch m trong TOC). Ta
c th chon h quy chiu kch cho New Data Frame ny.
tt New Data Frame cho bt WGS84, trong TOC bm
chut phi vo data frame WGS84 ri chn Activate. New
Data Frame s tt i v trn mn hnh s hin ra data
frame WGS84 (ch m).

Lm quen vi cc cng c trong ARCMap

Thay i t l bn v dch chuyn ca s:
Cc cng c hin th bn

Phng to (Zoom in) v thu nh (Zoom out).

Phng to/ thu nh theo tm cu mn hnh (Centered zoom)

Phng to ht c (Full extent) v dch chuyn (Pan)

Tt/bt cc layer

Trong khi xem mt bn , bn c th s dng

chc nng bt hay tt mt layer. Mt layer s c tt
i khi bn mun th hin mt layer khc hay bn
nm ngoi t l layer cho php.
Layer ang c th hin trn View
Layer ang b tt

Xem cc thng tin thuc tnh

Mi mt Layer u c mt bng thuc tnh i km m t cc
i tng ca lp . xem thng tin thuc tnh ca mt i tng no
ta c th m bng Attribute Table hay dng cng c Identify
Bm vo cng c Identify
Bm chut vo i tng cn hin
th trn bn
Kt qun c hin th trong ca
s Identify results
Chn i tng (Select a feature)
Trc khi lm vic vi mt i tng hay
mt nhm i tng no ta cn phi la
chn chng. chn i tng ta c th s dng cng c Select a
feature hay bng cc hi p query).
Vo menu Selection > Set Selectable Layers

Tu theo ch chn c t trong menu Selection >

Interactive Selection Method khi ta bm vo i tng no th c
th
1) c thm vo danh sch cc i tng c chn
2) Loi khi danh sch
3) Tr thnh i tng c chn
duy nht.

Tm cc i tng c chn
Do mn hnh khng th hin th ht c ton b bn nn c
mt s i tng no tuy c chn nhng b khut khng nhn
thy c. hin th chng ta dng cng c Zoomto Selected.
Trong menu Selection > Zoom to Selected

Thay i ch hin th d liu

1. Thay i hin th cho vng
- kch chut phi vo lp cn thay
i thuc tnh chn Properties
- chn Symbology
- chn Unique value
- chn trng cn thay i hp
thoi Value Field
- chn Add All Values
- kch p chut vo k hiu cn
thay i
- chn li mu sc, ng vin ca vng
- Bm Apply
- Bm OK

10

2. Thay i ch hin th
cho ng
- kch chut phi vo lp cn thay
i thuc tnh chn Properties
- chn Symbology
- chn Unique value
- chn trng cn thay i hp
thoi Value Field
- chn Add All Values
- kch p chut vo ng cn thay i
- chn li mu sc, lc nt ca ng
- Bm Apply
- Bm OK
3. Thay i ch hin th cho
im
- kch chut phi vo lp cn thay
i thuc tnh chn Properties
- chn Symbology
- chn Unique value
- chn trng cn thay i hp thoi Value Field
- chn Add All Values
- kch p chut vo k hiu cn thay i
- chn li mu sc, kch c, hnh dng ca im
- Bm Apply
- Bm OK

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4. Gn nhn
- kch chut phi vo lp cn thay i
thuc tnh chn Properties
- chn Label
- tch chut vo Label features in this
layer
- chn trng trong hp thoi Text String
- chn phng ch, m, mu sc,
kch c ch trong hp Text Symbol
- Bm Apply
- Bm OK
M bng thuc tnh (Attribute table)
Mi mt lp c mt bng thuc tnh lin kt vi n m t cc
i tng trong lp . m mt bng thuc tnh ta lm theo cc bc
sau:
Bt lp layer bng cch nh du vung nh cnh n
trong TOC
Bm chut phi vo lp
Trong menu hin ra chn Open Attribute
Table

Bng thuc tnh s c m

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Thc hnh mt s lnh tm kim, chn la i tng trong

ArcGis lnh truy vn hi - p (Queries)
Bn trong ArcGis cha ng mt khi lng ln thng tin. Tuy
nhin, bn khng tr nn qu phc tp khi s dng khng phi
tt c cc thng tin ny c th hin trc quan trn bn . Arcgis c
mt s cng c khai thc cc thng tin : cng c Identify tr
li cu hi l ci g, cng c Query tm cc i tng tho
mn 1 hay nhiu iu kin no hay phn tch d liu.

1. La chn theo thuc tnh ca i tng

+t thanh thc n Selection chn
Select by Attributes hoc ta chn
t Option ca bng thuc tnh
+ chn trng cn la chn hp
Fields
+ chn php tnh ca cu lnh
+ chn gi tr gn cho trng
+ Bm Apply cc i tng c chn
s c hin th mu xanh

Cc i tng c chn s c mu xanh da tri. Bn c th thay

i mu mc nh ny qua ng dn Selection > Option
Nu mun bn c th ghi cc i tng c chn thnh mt
layer mi hay xut d liu (export) thnh mt shape field khc.
Trong bng thuc tnh bn c th ch hin th cc i tng
c chn. lm c iu hy bm vo nt Selected nh hnh v di y:

2. La chn theo v tr v mi quan h v khng

gian gia cc i tng

13

Trong phn trn chng ta nghin cu cch chn v tm cc

i tng theo thuc tnh ca chng. Trong phn ny chng ta s nghin
cu v cch chn i tng theo cc quan h khng gian ca chng.
Chng hn nh tm im, ng v vng nm gn hay ct ngang cc
i tng mt layeer khc. chn cc i tng da theo v tr a
l v mi lin h v khng gian gia chng c th s dng cng c
Select by Location menu Selection

Mt s mi quan h khng gian s dng trong cng c Select

by Location
Intersect: Chn cc i tng giao nhau vi cc i tng
cc layer khc
Are within a distance of: Chn cc i tng nm cch cc
i tng layer khc trong phm vi khong cch cho trc. i
vi ng v vng th khong cch c tnh theo cnh gn
nht hoc tm ca chng.
Complate contain: Chn cc i tng cha cc i tng
mt layer khc.
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 Are complate within: Chn cc i tng nm bn trong cc

i tng mt layer khc
Have their centre in: Chn cc i tng c im trng
tm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc
Share a line segment with: Chn cc i tng c cng
chung cnh hay nh vi i tng mt layer khc
Are identical to: Chn cc i tng c hnh dng, kch thc v v tr ging nh cc i tng cho trc
Are containted by: Chn cc i tng nm trong cc i tng ca Layer khc. Khc vi phng php Are complate
within, cc i tng tip xc vi ng bao c chn.
Are crossed by the outline of another feature : y l
phng pahsp chn cc i tng b ct bi ng bao ca
cc i tng layer khc.
V d sau m t cho cc phng php chn i tng theo quan
h khng gian ca chng. Gi thit rng trn bn ca chng ta c
2 lp Layer 1 v Layer 2. Layer 1 c 6 i tng l A1 F1, Layer 2 c 1
i tng duy nht M_2 (M_2 c ng bao m) Nu chng ta a ra
lnh:
Select feature from Layer 1 that . The feature in
Layer 2

15

Th tu vo phng php chn ta c cc kt qu trong bng

sau ( du X c ngha l i tng s c chn).

3. To mi cc i tng
- chn thc n Tools - Editor ToolBar hoc View - Tool- Editor

- Bm vo nt Editor ri chn Start Editing bt u bin tp

- Bm tip vo nt Editor ri chn Snap Option trong ca s hin
ra nh du tt c cc ct Vertex chn ch bt im vo
nh ca cc ng v vng.

16

- chn cc cng c trong biu tng

v cc i tng. Sau

khi v xong i tng chn lnh End Sketch th cc i tng mi c trong

CSDL.
II. Lm quen vi phn mm ArcCatalog

1. Khi ng ArcCatalog:
c 2 cch khi ng ArcCatalog
Cch 1: khi ng t biu tng ca mn hnh
Cch 2: chn Start

Program

ArcGis

ArcCatalog
2. Cc ch hin th
ArcCatalog cung cp 3 cch xem d liu
l: Contents, Preview, Metadata view.
Ch Contents view
- Chn Contents
- tt c cc d liu c hin th di dng cy th mc hay cc
biu tng
Ch Preview
- chn Preview
- d liu c hin th di dng bn

nu ta chn Geography trong hp

thoi Preview
hay di dng bng nu chn Table
- c th dng

trn

thc n phng to, thu nh, xem thuc tnh i tng

+ trong ch Metadata View d liu c hin th dng
metadata tc l cc thng tin m t khc nhau v d liu nh h quy
chiu, thi gian v phng php thu thp
3. To mi d liu
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To mt GeoDatabase
- chn ng dn cha GeoDatabase
- kch chut phi vo ch bt k trn
mn hnh
- Chn New
- chn Personal GeoDatabase
- nh tn cho GeoDatabase
To mi mt Feature Dataset
- chn ng dn cha Feature Dataset
- kch chut phi vo ch bt k trn
mn hnh
- Chn New
- chn Feature Dataset
- nh tn cho Feature Dataset trong hp Name
- Chn Edit t h thng to xut hin hp thoi
- Chn Select sau la chn h thng to
- Bm Apply
- Bm OK

III. Khi ng ArcToolBox

Khi ng Arc Toolbox
Cch 1: m ArcCatalog sau tch chut vo phm
Cch 2: m ArcMap sau tch chut vo phm
ArcToolbox cung cp cc thanh cng c
chnh sa d liu: nh xut nhp sang cc
khun dng d liu, chng xp cc lp, xo cc
i tng

18

Bi tp:
Khi ng ArcMap thm cc lp 01-dc01_dgn_Polygon, 01dc01_dgn_Point,

01-dc01_dgn_Annotation,

01-

gt03_dgn_Polygon, 01-gt03_dgn_Polyline vo trong bn

- i mu lp 18 ca gt03_dgn_Polyline sang mu 10 v
chn kiu ng Colector Street
-

Tm

kim

tt

cc

tng

trong

lp

01-

dc01_dgn_Polygon c din tch nh hn 100m

- Xem thuc tnh ca 1 vng va chn c
- la chn tt c cc i tng lp 01-dc01_dgn_Polygon
cha cc i tng lp 01-gt03_dgn_Polyline

19

Phn 2:

Lm vic vi d liu bng trong ArcGis

M bng thuc tnh ca lp

- kch chut phi vo lp cn hin bng thuc tnh
- chn Open Atribute Tables s hin th bng thuc tnh
nh bn
- chn All nu mun hin th tt c cc bng ghi. Chn
selected nu ch mun hin th cc bng ghi la chn
t Font v kch thc ch cho bng
- chn Options > Appearance
- chn Font ch trong mi tn
cun ca hp thoi Table Font
- chn kch thc ch v mu
sc trong mi tn cun ca hp
thoi Table Font Size and Color
- Bm OK

t Font ch v mu sc ch mc
nh cho tt c cc bng
- chn thc n Tools
- chn Option
- Chn thanh Tables
- chn Font ch, mu sc v kch
thc ch trong mi tn cun
- Bm OK

20

Di chuyn ti mt bng ghi c th

- m bng thuc tnh
- nh s ca bng ghi mun di
chuyn ti
- n Enter

Xem tt c cc bng ghi hoc xem mt bng ghi c la chn

- m bng thuc tnh
- Chn All nu xem tt c cc bng

ghi

- chn Selected nu ch xem cc

bng ghi c la chn
Tm cc bng ghi vi gi tr thuc tnh c th

- kch chut vo phn trn ca

ct

cha ch mun tm kim

- Chn Option
- chn Find and Replace
- nh gi tr thuc tnh cn
tm
- chn kiu tm kim trong mi

tn

cun Text Match

- Chn Find Next
- Bm Cancel

21

Sp xp cc Record theo mt th t nht nh

- kch chut tri vo pha trn
ct cn sp xp nu mun sp xp
nhiu trng n ng thi phm Ctrl
- chn Sort Ascending nu mun
sp xp theo chiu tng dn
- chn Sort Descending nu
mun sp xp theo chiu gim dn
La chn theo thuc tnh
+t thanh thc n Selection
chn
Select by Attributes hoc ta
chn t Option ca bng thuc tnh
+ chn trng cn la chn

hp

Fields
+ chn php tnh ca cu lnh
+ chn gi tr gn cho trng
+ Bm Apply cc i tng c chn s c hin th mu
xanh
La chn tt c cc bng ghi
- chn Options trong bng thuc
tnh
- chn Select All
Xo cc la chn chn
- Chn Options trong bng thuc
tnh
- Chn Clear Selection

22

Xut bng ghi

- chn Option
- chn Export
- la chn kiu xut theo bng

ghi

la chn hay tt c cc bng ghi

mi

tn cun Export
- kch chut vo

chn

ng dn cho bng
- nh tn cho bng ghi v chn Save
- Bm OK
Tnh tng ca d liu trong mt trng
- kch chut vo phn trn ca

ct

cn tnh tng chn Sumarize

- chn trng cn tnh mi tn
cun 1
- chn cc phng php tnh ca

tr-

ng mi tn cun 2
- chn ng dn v tn ca
bng xut nt
- chn OK
- chn Yes nu a bng ghi xut c vo bn ang m

23

Thc hin php tnh trong mt trng

- kch chut vo Edit chn
Start Editing
- m bng thuc tnh ca lp

cn

thc hin php tnh

- kch chut phi phn trn

ca

ct cn tnh gi tr chn Caculate

Values
- s dng Fields v Functions

thnh lp cu lnh i vi nhng cu lnh n gin c th

nh trc tip
- chn OK
Thng k d liu trong mt trng
- kch chut phi vo phn
trn ca trng cn thng k
- chn Statistics
- S liu thng k s hin
bng bn
To mi trng
- kch chut vo thc n
Option trong bng thuc tnh
chn Add Field..
- nhp tn trng mi vo hp
thoi Name, kiu d liu trong

hp

thoi Type, nhp rng cho tr-

ng

trong hp thoi Field Properties

24

- Bm OK
Xo trng
- kch chut tri vo pha trn trng cn xo
- kch chut phi v chn Delete Field
Thm mt Records mi
- kch chut vo Edit chn Start
Editing
- m bng thuc tnh cn thm
- di chut xung bng ghi cui
- nh thm cc thuc tnh
trong tng ct
Xo mt Record
- chn Record cn xo
- Bm phm Delete trn bn phm
Gn nhp hai bng thuc tnh thnh mt
VD: gn kt d liu trong file b7_th05 (file ch).sh v
b7_th09(file ngun)
- kch chut phi vo lp b7_th05
chn Join
- chn lin kt theo thuc tnh
Join attribute from a table
- chn trng s dng lin kt
- chn file ngun
- chn trng ca file ngun lin
kt
- Bm OK
- Khi trong bng d liu ca file b7_th05 , ngoi cc
field c sn (ObjectID, Shape, Maloai,Shape_length) s xut

25

hin thm cc field ca file b7_th09 . Ch , cc trng mi ny

ch mang tnh cht hin th, khng lu tr trong c s d liu
ca file b7_th05.
- mun lu tr thm trng no ca file b7_th09 ta phi to
thm trng mi.

Thc hnh:Thm trng rng vo trong b7_th05

- to trng mi c thuc tnh c tn Dorong, kiu
ShortInteger v c rng l 5
- tnh ton Caculate.. t s liu ca b7_th09
- chn Stop Editing lu d liu
- xo d liu lin kt chn Join>chn Remove Join
Bi tp v nh
M bng thuc tnh ca lp b7_tv03
- trong trng Noidung nhp thm cc cn thiu l
trm
- Xa trng Cochu, Gocquay
- Thm trng Maloai dng ShortInteger v rng l 5
-Tnh ton gi tr thuc tnh cho trng Maloai theo trng Nidung nh sau:
Noidung

Malo

Vn quc gia U Minh Th-

ai
752

ng
ma
Bch n
Xoi, i, mn
c, trm

7533
7532
7531
7534

26

Phn 3: Lm vic vi Map Projection trong ArcGIS

3.1. La chn php chiu cho bn .
1) La chn li chiu bn .

Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li

chiu

La chn Properties

Trn hp thoi Data Frame Properties

chn Coordinate System

Bm chut vo Predefined

La chn php chiu m bn mun

biu th

n ok

Sau khi bn la chn php chiu th tt c cc layer trong Data

Frame s c biu th theo li chiu .

2) Thay i thng s ca h to

Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li

chiu
27

La chn Properties

Trn hp thoi Data Frame Properties chn

Coordinate System

Bm chut vo Modify

Ban c th thay i cc thng s ca li

chiu trn hp thoi Projected Coordinate
System Properties

Sau bm ok

Tip tc bm ok trn hp thoi Data Frame

Properties

3) La chn n v di
Khi bn mun tnh ton khong cch gia cc im hay xc nh
v tr ca mt im trn bn , bn cn phi la chn n v o.
Bn c th thay i n v o bi s thay i h to

Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li

chiu

La chn Properties

Bm chut vo thanh General

Bm chut vo thanh Map v la chn n v ph hp

Bm chut vo thanh Display v la chn n v ph hp

La chn OK

28

Phn 4: S ho bn qut trong ArcGis

Cc cng c s ho i tng

+ Sketch Tools: v im, ng hoc vng

+ Intersect Tools: cho php to mt nh t giao ca 2
i tng khc
+ Tangent Curve tool: v mt cung vi im bt u l
im cui ca mt on thng
+ Arc Tool: v cung
+ Midpoint Tool: chn im bt u l im gia ca 2
im khc
+ End point ArcTool:
+ Distance Distance Tool: cho php to mt im hoc
mt nh t khong cch ca 2 i tng khc
- chn im th nht
- n phm D xc nh bn knh ca vng trn th
nht

29

- chn im th hai
- n phm D xc nh chnh xc bn knh ca vng
trn th hai
- giao ca 2 vng trn l im cn xc nh
- chn cng c v khc v tip i tng
+ Direction Distance Tool: cho php to mt im hoc
mt nh theo hng ca i tng th 1 vi khong cch vi
i tng th 2
- chn im th nht
- n phm R xc nh hng ca ng thng
- chn im th hai
- n phm D xc nh chnh xc bn knh ca vng
trn
- giao ca ng thng v vng trn l im cn xc
nh
- chn cng c v khc v tip i tng
+ Trace: To mt i tng theo hng ca mt i tng
c v
Cc phng php nhp im
- Absolute X,Y: nhp theo to tuyt i ca im
- Delta X, Y: nhp theo to tng i ca im ny so
vi im khc
- Direction/Length: nhp theo hng v di
- Parallel: ly theo hng song song
- Defection: t gc c nh theo mt cnh ang v
- Length: t theo chiu di c nh
Bi tp: s dng cc thanh cng c v hnh sau:

30

1. To li km

- Ni 4 im gc khung to thnh 4 cnh ca khung.

- Copy cc cnh ca khung to thnh cc ng li
Km trong khung.
V khung li km c To ca 4 im gc khung nh sau
xy=542500,313500

xy=543000,313500
xy=543000,313000
xy=542500,313000
2. Nn bn
M cng c nn nh
- Vo thc n Tools >
Customizes>Toolbars>Georeferencing
M file nh cn nn
- Kch chut phi vo biu tng
- chn Add Data
- Tm ng dn cho file nh
31

- Bm Add
- hin th nh ng hng chn Georeferencing> Flip or
Rotate
+ Rotate Right: quay nh theo chiu phi
+ Rotate Left: quay nh theo chiu tri
+ Flip Horizontal:
+ Flip Vertical:
- chn Fit to Display hin th nh va mn hnh
Nn nh
- Vo thc n Tools >
Customizes>Toolbars>Georeferencing
- m li km to
- kch chut vo biu tng

thm

im nn
- kch vo biu tng

xem sai s

nn nh. Kt qu hin th bng bn

- Bm Save lu kt qu nn
- Chn ng dn cho File kt qu
- t tn cho File kt qu v chn OK
- Bm OK
3. S ho cc i tng trn nn nh
M file nh nn
- Kch chut phi vo biu tng
- chn Add Data
- Tm ng dn cho file nh nn
- kch chut vo biu tng

trn thanh cng c

Georeferencing
- chn Load
- Bm OK
Vector ho i tng dng ng
- trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i
tng dng ng

32

- kch chut vo Editor chon Start Editing

- chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc
i tng dng ng
- Nhp thng tin thuc tnh cho cc i tng theo bng
sau
Name

Type

Ten duong
Loai duong
Chieudai

String
String
Number

Width

Precision

30
30
9

0
0
3

Vector ho i tng dng vng

- trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i
tng dng vng
- kch chut vo Editor chn Start Editing
- chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc
i tng dng vng
Vector ho i tng dng im
- trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i
tng dng im
- kch chut vo Editor chn Start Editing
- chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc
i tng dng im
4. Cc cng c chnh sa d liu ho
Ct ng thng thnh cc phn
- chn i tng cn ct
- chn
- chn v tr trn ng cn tch
Ct ng thng theo khong cch hoc t l xc nh
- chn thanh Edit tool
- chn vo ng thng cn ct

33

- chn Editor > Split

- chn Distance along the line nu mun ct theo khong
cch xc nh
- chn Percentage of the line length nu ct theo t l phn
trm
- nh vo gi tr khong cch hoc t l phn trm
- chn From Start Point of Line nu ct i tng t im
u
- chn From End Point of Line nu ct i tng t im cui
- chn OK
Ct mt polygon
- chn Edit tool
- chn polygon mun ct
- trong mi tn xung ca Task chn ch Cut polygon
Features
- chn Sketch tool v ng hoc vng lm c s chia
vng va chn
- kch chut phi vo bt k im no trn mn hnh
- chn Finish Sketch
Ct on thng c mt di nht nh t im cui
- chn chc nng Modify Feature trong mi tn ca Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng thng mun ct
- kch chut phi vo bt c phn no ca ng chn Trim
to Length
- nh vo chiu di mi ca ng
- chn Finish Sketch
Ct/ ko di da vo mt ng c v
- Chn Extend/Trim Features trong thanh cun xung ca
Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn mt ng hoc nhiu ng mun ct
- chn Sketch tool v ng mi

34

- kch chut phi chn Finish Sketch

t im dc theo mt ng thng
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng mun chia
- chn lp mun cha im c t trong thanh cun xung
ca hp thoi Target
- chn Editor > Divede
- chn Place v nh s im s c t trn ng chn
- chn OK
Thay i nh ca ng hoc vng
- chn Reshape Feature trong mi tn

cun

ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn i tng mun thay i
- chn Sketch tool
- v 1 ng da theo cch mun thay
i nh ca i tng
- kch chut phi vo ch bt k mn
hnh chn Finish Sketch
Thm nh ca mt ng hoc

mt

vng
- chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ung hoc vng mun thm nh
- kch chut phi chn Insert Vertex
- chn Finish Sketch
Xo nh ca ng hoc vng
- chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng hoc vng mun xo nh
- a chut n nh cn xo
- kch chut phi chn Delete Vertex

35

- chn Finish Sketch

Ko nh ca ng hoc vng
- chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng hoc vng mun thay i nh
- a chut n nh cn xo v ko ra v tr mi
- chn Finish
Di chuyn nh n mt to xc nh
- chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng hoc vng mun di chuyn nh
- a chut n nh cn di chuyn
- kch chut phi chn Move to
- nh gi tr to mi cho nh
- chn Finish Sketch
Di chuyn nh theo v tr tng i ca n
- chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task
- chn Edit tool
- chn ng hoc vng mun di chuyn nh
- a chut n nh cn di chuyn
- kch chut phi chn Move
- nh gi tr tng i x, y ca nh mi so vi nh c
- chn Finish Sketch
Thm mt nh gia mt on c
- chn chut phi vo on cn thm nh chn Properties
- chn nh thm nh vo trc n
- kch chut phi vo nh chn chn Insert Before
5. Chnh sa d liu thuc tnh
- chn lp thng tin cn chnh sa
- m bng thuc tnh
- chn Editor v chn Start Editing
- chn vo cn thay i
- chn Save Edit lu li kt qu va chnh sa

36

Nhp d liu t cc phn mm khc vo ArcGis

ARCGis tng thch vi cc nh dng sau:
- Cc nh dng CAD: *.dwg, *.dxf ca AutoCAD, *.dgn ca
Microstation.
- nh dng *.tab ca MapInfo
- File text cha to X, Y ca cc i tng dng im
thay i nh dng ca cc d liu khc ta s dng cc
thanh cng c ca ArcToolBox chuyn i.
Khi chuyn d liu t cc file nh dng khc sang ArcGis
ta cn phi chuyn ln lt tng loi i tng vo ring tng
shapefile hay feature class
M mt file *.dgn hoc *.dxf
- chn Add Data
- chn ng dn ca file
- chn OK
Chuyn nh dng t file *.dgn hoc *.dxf sang dng
*.shp
-

khi

ng

phn

mm

ArcToolbox
- chn Conversion Tools > To
Shapefile>

Feature

Class

To

Shapefile
- chn file dgn cn thay i
trong thanh Browse ca hp thoi
Input Features
- chn ng dn ca shapefile trong thanh Browse ca
hp thoi Output Folder
- bm OK

37

Phn 5: Cc chc nng truy vn, o c v

chng xp khng gian
1. Cc chc nng o c khng gian
t n v hin th gi tr o c
- kch chut phi vo Layer chn tab General
- chn n v cho bn v n v hin th cho bn
trong hp thoi Uiits
- chn Apply
- chn OK
o c i tng ng
- S dng cng c o khong cch
- chn cng c

trn thanh cng c Tools

- chn im u v im cui ca on thng cn o

- kt qu c hin th thanh trng thi pha di
- trong :

segment: gi tr chiu di on cui cng

total:gi tr tng chiu di

2. Chc nng truy vn khng gian
Truy vn theo d liu ha
- chn

trong hp thoi Tools

- kt qu truy vn s c hin th trong bng Identify

Result
Truy vn theo thng tin thuc tnh
- khi ng phn mm ArcToolbox
- chn Extract
- chn Select
- chn ng dn cho File ngun
bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi
Input Feature
- chn ng dn cho File xut
bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi
Output Feature

38

- Xy dng cu lnh SQL

- cc i tng tho mn yu cu c hin th trong file
Output
Cc truy vn da trn cc mi quan h khng gian
Mt s mi quan h khng gian s dng trong cng c
Select by Location
Intersect: Chn cc i tng giao nhau vi cc i tng
cc layer khc
Are within a distance of: Chn cc i tng nm cch
cc i tng layer khc trong phm vi khong cch
cho trc. i vi ng v vng th khong cch c
tnh theo cnh gn nht hoc tm ca chng.
Complate contain: Chn cc i tng cha cc i tng
mt layer khc.
Are complate within: Chn cc i tng nm bn trong
cc i tng mt layer khc
Have their centre in: Chn cc i tng c im trng
tm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc
Share a line segment with: Chn cc i tng c cng
chung cnh hay nh vi i tng mt layer khc
Are identical to: Chn cc i tng c hnh dng, kch
thc v v tr ging nh cc i tng cho trc
Are containted by: Chn cc i tng nm trong cc
i tng ca Layer khc. Khc vi phng php Are
complate within, cc i tng tip xc vi ng bao
c chn.
Are crossed by the outline of another feature : y l
phng pahsp chn cc i tng b ct bi ng bao
ca cc i tng layer khc.
V d sau m t cho cc phng php chn i tng theo
quan h khng gian ca chng. Gi thit rng trn bn ca
chng ta c 2 lp Layer 1 v Layer 2. Layer 1 c 6 i tng l A1

39

F1, Layer 2 c 1 i tng duy nht M_2 (M_2 c ng bao m)

Nu chng ta a ra lnh:
Select feature from Layer 1 that . The feature in
Layer 2

Th tu vo phng php chn ta c cc kt qu trong

bng sau ( du X c ngha l i tng s c chn).

3. Chc nng chng xp

Chng xp khng gian s dng chc nng INTERSECT

40

Giao nhau gia cc i tng trn 2 lp khc

nhau to thnh nhiu i tng mi c tt c
cc thuc tnh ca 2 layer
Chng xp khng gian s dng chc nng UNION
Giao nhau gia cc i tng trn 2 lp khc
nhau to thnh nhiu i tng mi (nh
hn) c tt c cc thuc tnh ca 2 layer
- khi ng ArcToolbox
- chn Analysist tool>Overlay>Union
- chn file u vo trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Input
feature
- chn file u ra bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output
Feature
- chn OK
S dng chc nng DISSOLVE
chp cc i tng k nhau c cng
chung mt thuc tnh no thnh

tng duy nht

- khi ng ArcToolbox
- chn DataManagement tool> Generalization>Disslove
- chn file u vo trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Input
feature
- chn file u ra bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output
Feature
- chn trng thuc tnh trong hp thoi Dissolve Fields
- chn OK
S dng chc nng MERGE
Chp 2 hay nhiu lp bn thnh
mt lp duy nht. Cc thuc tnh c
chung trong tt c cc layers u vo

c gi nguyn.

41

- chn 2 i tng cn Merge

- vo thc n Editor
- chn Merge
Chc nng to Buffer
- chn Proximity > chn
Buffer
- chn ng dn cho file
cn

to

thanh

vng

Browse

m
ca

hp

thoi Input Features

- chn ng dn cho file
cha vng m thanh
Browse

ca

hp

thoi

Output Feature class

- chn n v v rng khong m trong hp thoi
Linear unit
Ct Clip
Ct cc i tng ca Input layer ch gi li phn nm trong
ng bao ca cc i tng Clip layer
- chn Extract > chn Clip
- chn ng dn cho file cha

tng s c ct
- chn ng dn cho file cha

tng ct
- chn ng dn cho file cha

kt

qu
- bm OK

42

Phn 6: Trnh by in bn hnh chnh

1. Chun b d liu
2. Chun b nn c s ton hc cho trang trnh by bin tp
3. Bin tp cc i tng dng im
4. Bin tp cc i tng dng ng
5. Bin tp cc i tng dng vng
6. Gn nhn cc ch ghi ch
7. To trang in v bin tp trn trang in
Chuyn sang trang in
- Vo View chn Layout View
Cch to trang in v la chn kh giy
- Kch chut phi vo trang in
- chn Page and Print setup
- chn my in trong mi tn
ca hp thoi Printer Setup
- chn kh giy trong hp thoi
Paper

43

- chn n v trong hp thoi Page

- chn OK

Bin tp bn in
- t t l cho bn in
- To khung ngoi cho bn in
-

Kch

chut

phi

vo

Data

Frame chn Properties

- chn tab Frame
- kch vo mi tn ca hp
thoi Border chn khung cho
bn in
- chn mu nn trong hp thoi Background
- chn mu nh bng trong hp thoi Drop Shadow
- chn Apply
Bin tp tn bn
Bin tp thc t l
- Vo thc n Insert chn Scale Bar
- chn kiu thc t l c sn
Bin tp k hiu ch hng
Bin tp bng ch gii
Bin tp bng biu v th
In bn using ArcMap

44