Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Thut
Khoa in in T
B Mn in T Vin
Thng
PHIU CHM N MN HC 1
(Dnh cho ngi hng dn)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
H tn sinh vin:......................................................................MSSV:..........................
Tn ti:......................................................................................................................
Ngi hng dn:..........................................................................................................
Nhng u im ca n:
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Nhng thiu st ca n:
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ngh: c bo v: B sung c bo v: Khng c bo v:
Cc cu hi sinh vin phi tr li trc t chm AMH:
a)...................................................................................................................................
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b)...................................................................................................................................
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c)...................................................................................................................................
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nh gi: im ( S v ch ):.......................................................................................
Ch k v h tn
LI CM N
Trc tin, ngi thc hin ti xin c gi li cm n su sc nht n ging vin
hng dn u Trng Hin tn tnh hng dn trong sut qu trnh tm hiu v
thc hin ti.
Ngi thc hin ti cng xin c gi li cm n n ton th qu Thy C trng
i Hc S Phm K Thut TP.HCM ni chung v Qu Thy C khoa in in T
ni ring tn tnh gip v truyn t nhng kin thc tht l qu bu.
Cui cng l li cm n n gia nh, bn b to iu kin, gip , ng vin
ngi thc hin hon thnh tt n mn hc 1.
D c gng nhng trong qu trnh thc hin khng trnh khi sai xt, knh mong
qu Thy C gp v ch dn c th hon thnh tt hn n mn hc ny.
Ngi thc hin ti xin chn thnh cm n !
Chu
LI NI U
Ngnh in t vin thng l mt trong nhng ngnh quan trng v mang tnh quyt
nh cho s pht trin ca mt quc gia. S pht trin nhanh chng ca Khoa hc K
Thut lm cho ngnh in t vin thng ngy cng pht trin v t c nhiu thnh
tu mi. Nhu cu ca con ngi ngy cng cao l iu kin thun li cho ngnh in
t vin thng khng ngng pht minh ra cc sn phm mi c tnh ng dng cao, cc
sn phm a tnh nng, c bn v n nh ngy cng cao Nhng mt iu c
bn l cc sn phm u bt ngun t nhng linh kin ri: R, L, C, Diode, BJT,
FET.
V vy, ngi thc hin ti Thit k v thi cng mch o v iu khin nhit
ny ng dng nhng g hc vo mt mch thc t, hiu thm nguyn l lm
vic, cch thc hot ng ca mch, cng nh hiu thm v chc nng ca tng linh
kin in t trong mch.
MC LC
Trang
Trang ba lt ......................................................................................................................
Lch trnh thc hin n .................................................................................................
Li cm n ....................................................................................................................... i
Li ni u ...................................................................................................................... ii
Mc lc ........................................................................................................................... iii
Lit k bng .................................................................................................................... iv
Lit k hnh ..................................................................................................................... v
Chng 1: GII THIU .............................................................................................. 1
1.1.Mc tiu ca ti .................................................................................................... 1
1.2.Ni dung trnh by .................................................................................................... 1
Chng 2: KIN THC B TR.. ............................................................................ 2
2.1. Tng quan v vi iu khin MCS-51 ....................................................................... 2
2.1.1 Gii thiu.2
2.1.2 Vi iu khin AT89S522
2.1.3 S khi AT89S523
2.1.4.S chn AT89S52...4
2.1.5 nh k chu k my....7
2.1.6 T chc b nh8
2.2 ADC 0809...9 .
2.3. LM3512
2.4. LCD.13
2.4.1 Hnh dng v kch thc...13
2.4.2 Chc nng cc chn..14
2.4.3 S khi ca HD44780..15
2.4.4 Tp lnh ca LCD.19
2.4.5 Giao tip gia LCD v MPU24
2.4.6 Khi to LCD25
LIT K BNG
Bng 2.1 Chc nng cc chn ca Port 3.5
Bng 2.4 Chc nng cc chn ca LCD.14
Bng 2.5 Chc nng chn RS v R/W theo mc ch s dng..17
Bng 2.6 Tp lnh ca LCD..20
Bng 2.7 Maximun Rating24
Bng 2.8 Min lm vic bnh thng24
LIT K HNH
Hnh 2.1 S khi ca AT89S523
Hnh 2.2 S chn AT89S52.4
Hnh 2.3 S chn ADC.9
Hnh 2.4 Cm bin nhit12
Hnh 2.5 Hnh dng ca loi LCD thng dng.13
Hnh 2.6 S chn ca LCD.14
Hnh 2.7 S khi ca HD44780 .16
Hnh 2.8: Mi lin h gia a ch ca DDRAM v v tr hin th ca LCD... 18
Hnh 2.9: Mi lin h gia a ch ca ROM v d liu to mu k t..19
Hnh 3.1 S nguyn l26
Hnh 3.2 S mch in..26
Hnh 3.3 Khi cm bin.27
Hnh 3.4 Khi to in p chun..27
Hnh 3.5 S ni chn ADC.28
Hnh3.6 S x l trung tm..29
Hnh 3.7 Khi hin th..30
Hnh 3.8 Khi ngun30
Trang 1
Trang 2
Trang 3
Trang 4
Trang 5
Tn
Chc nng
P3.0 RxD
Ng vo port ni tip
P3.1 TxD
Ng ra port ni tip
P3.2 INT0
Ngt ngoi 0
P3.3 INT1
Ngt ngoi 1
Ng vo ca b nh thi 0
P3.5 T1
Ng vo ca b nh thi 1
P3.6 WR
P3.7 RD
Trang 6
NGUN:
Chn 40: VCC = 5V 20%
Chn 20: GND
PSEN (Program Store Enable):
PSEN (chn 29) cho php c b nh chng trnh m rng i vi cc ng
dng s dng ROM ngoi, thng c ni n chn OC (Output Control) ca
ROM c cc byte m lnh. PSEN s mc logic 0 trong thi gian AT89C51 ly
lnh.Trong qu trnh ny, PSEN s tch cc 2 ln trong 1 chu k my.
M lnh ca chng trnh c c t ROM thng qua bus d liu (Port0) v
bus a ch (Port0 + Port2).
Khi 8951 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni, PSEN s mc logic 1.
ALE/PROG (Address Latch Enable / Program):
ALE/PROG (chn 30) cho php tch cc ng a ch v d liu ti Port 0
khi truy xut b nh ngoi. ALE thng ni vi chn Clock ca IC cht (74373,
74573).
Cc xung tn hiu ALE c tc bng 1/6 ln tn s dao ng trn chip v c
th c dng lm tn hiu clock cho cc phn khc ca h thng. Xung ny c th
cm bng cch set bit 0 ca SFR ti a ch 8Eh ln 1. Khi , ALE ch c tc dng
khi dng lnh MOVX hay MOVC. Ngoi ra, chn ny cn c dng lm ng vo
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
Trang 7
2.1.5 NH K CHU K MY
Mt chu k my bao gm 6 trng thi (12 xung clock). Mt trng thi bao gm
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
Trang 8
Trang 9
ch t 80h 0FFh) khng th truy xut trc tip m ch c th truy xut gin tip (xem
thm trong phn tp lnh).
B nh ngoi bao gm b nh chng trnh (iu khin c bng tn hiu
PSEN) v b nh d liu (iu khin bng tn hiu RD hay WR cho php c
hay ghi d liu). Do s ng a ch ca MCS-51 l 16 bit (Port 0 cha 8 bit thp v
Port 2 cha 8 bit cao) nn b nh ngoi c th gii m ti a l 64KB.
Trang 10
Sau khi kch xung start th b chuyn i bt u hot ng cnh xung ca xung
start, ng ra EOC s xung mc thp sau khong 8 xung clock (tnh t cnh xung ca
xung start). Lc ny bit c trng s ln nht (MSB) c t ln mc 1, tt c cc bit
cn li mc 0, ng thi to ra in th c gi tr Vref/2, in th ny c so snh
vi in th vo in.
+ Nu Vin > Vref/2 th bit MSB vn mc 1.
+ Nu Vin < Vref/2 th bit MSB vn mc 0.
Tng t nh vy bit k tip MSB c t ln 1 v to ra in th c gi tr Vref/4 v
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
Trang 11
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2.4 LCD
* Gii thiu :
Ngy nay, thit b hin th LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) c s dng trong rt
nhiu cc ng dng ca VK. LCD c rt nhiu u im so vi cc dng hin th khc:
N c kh nng hin th k t a dng, trc quan (ch, s v k t ha), d dng a
vo mch ng dng theo nhiu giao thc giao tip khc nhau, tn rt t ti nguyn h
thng v gi thnh r
Tng Qut V LCD HD44780
2.4.1 Hnh dng v kch thc:
C rt nhiu loi LCD vi nhiu hnh dng v kch thc khc nhau, trn hnh 1 l loi
LCD thng
dng.
Trang 14
K
hiu
M t
Vss
VDD
VEE
RS
R/W
Trang 15
7 - 14
15
16
GND cho n nn
Trang 16
Trang 17
thanh ghi IR mt chui 8 bit, chp HD44780 s tra bng m lnh ti a ch m IR cung
cp v thc hin lnh .
- Thanh ghi DR : Thanh ghi DR dng cha d liu 8 bit ghi vo vng RAM
DDRAM hoc CGRAM
( ch ghi) hoc dng cha d liu t 2 vng RAM ny gi ra cho MPU ( ch
c). Ngha l, khi MPU ghi thng tin vo DR, mch ni bn trong chp s t ng
ghi thng tin ny vo DDRAM hoc CGRAM. Hoc khi thng tin v a ch c ghi
vo IR, d liu a ch ny trong vng RAM ni ca HD44780 s c chuyn ra DR
truyn cho MPU.
=> Bng cch iu khin chn RS v R/W chng ta c th chuyn qua li gi 2 thanh
ghi ny khi giao tip vi MPU. Bng sau y tm tt li cc thit lp i vi hai chn
RS v R/W theo mc ch giao tip.
Bng 2.5 : Chc nng chn RS v R/W theo mc ch s dng
RS
R/W
Chc nng
c c bn DB7 v gi tr ca b m a ch DB0-DB6
c d liu t DR
Trang 18
trc tip cho 2 vng RAM nhng vic chn la vng RAM tng tc c bao hm
trong m lnh.
Sau khi ghi vo (c t) RAM, b m AC t ng tng ln (gim i) 1 n v v ni
dung ca AC c xut ra cho MPU thng qua DB0-DB6 khi c thit lp RS=0 v
R/W=1 (xem bng tm tt RS - R/W).
2.4.3.4 Vng RAM hin th DDRAM : (Display Data RAM)
y l vng RAM dng hin th, ngha l ng vi mt a ch ca RAM l mt k
t trn mn hnh v khi bn ghi vo vng RAM ny mt m 8 bit, LCD s hin th ti
v tr tng ng trn mn hnh mt k t c m 8 bit m bn cung cp. Hnh sau y
s trnh by r hn mi lin h ny :
Trang 19
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Tn lnh
Clear
Display
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
Lnh Clear Display (xa hin th) s ghi mt khong trng-blank (m hin
k t 20H) vo tt c nh trong DDRAM, sau tr b m a AC=0,
tr li kiu hin th gc nu n b thay i. Ngha l : Tt hin th, con tr
di v gc tri (hng u tin), ch tng AC.
Return
home
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx = 0
[I/D] [S]
Trang 21
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
on/off
control
[D]
[C]
[B]
D: Hin th mn hnh khi D=1 v ngc li. Khi tt hin th, ni dung
DDRAM khng thay i.
C: Hin th con tr khi C=1 v ngc li.
B: Nhp nhy k t ti v tr con tr khi B=1 v ngc li.
Chu k nhp nhy khong 409,6ms khi mch dao ng ni LCD l
250kHz.
Cursor
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
or
display
shift
[S/C] [R/L] *
Lnh Cursor or display shift dch chuyn con tr hay d liu hin th sang
tri m khng cn hnh ng ghi/c d liu. Khi hin th kiu 2 dng, con
tr s nhy xung dng di khi dch qua v tr th 40 ca hng u tin.
D liu hng u v hng 2 dch cng mt lc. Chi tit s dng xem bng
bn di:
S/C
R/L
Hot ng
Trang 22
Function M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
set
DBx =
[DL] [N]
[F]
DL: Khi DL=1, LCD giao tip vi MPU bng giao thc 8 bit (t bit DB7
n DB0). Ngc li, giao thc giao tip l 4 bit (t bit DB7 n bit DB0).
Khi chn giao thc 4 bit, d liu c truyn/nhn 2 ln lin tip. vi 4 bit
cao gi/nhn trc, 4 bit thp gi/nhn sau.
N : Thit lp s hng hin th. Khi N=0 : hin th 1 hng, N=1: hin th 2
hng.
F : Thit lp kiu k t. Khi F=0: kiu k t 5x8 im nh, F=1: kiu k t
5x10 im nh.
Set
CGRA
M
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx = 0
1 [ACG][ACG][ACG][ACG][ACG][ACG]
address
Set
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DDRAM
address
DBx =
Trang 23
Read BF M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
and
address
Nh cp trc y, khi c BF bt, LCD ang lm vic v lnh tip
theo (nu c) s b b qua nu c BF cha v mc thp. Cho nn, khi lp
trnh iu khin, phi kim tra c BF trc khi ghi d liu vo LCD.
Khi c c BF, gi tr ca AC cng c xut ra cc bit [AC]. N l a ch
ca
CG hay DDRAM l ty thuc vo lnh trc .
Write
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
data to
[Write data]
(RS=1,
R/W=0)
CG or
Khi thit lp RS=1, R/W=0, d liu cn ghi c a vo cc chn DBx t
DDRAM mch
ngoi s c LCD chuyn vo trong LCD ti a ch c xc nh t
lnh ghi a ch trc (lnh ghi a ch cng xc nh lun vng RAM
cn ghi)
Sau khi ghi, b m a ch AC t ng tng/gim 1 ty theo thit lp
Entry mode.
Read
M lnh : DBx = DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
DBx =
data
[Read data]
(RS=1,
R/W=1)
from CG
Khi thit lp RS=1, R/W=1,d liu t CG/DDRAM c chuyn ra MPU
or
thng qua cc chn DBx (a ch v vng RAM c xc nh bng lnh
DDRAM ghi a ch trc ).
Sau khi c, AC t ng tng/gim 1 ty theo thit lp Entry mode, tuy
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
Trang 24
Min:-0.3V , Max+7V
Cc chn ng vo (DBx,E,)
Min:-0.3V , Max:(Vcc+0.3V)
Nhit hot ng
Min:-30C , Max:+75C
Nhit bo qun
Min:-55C , Max:+125C
2.7V n 5.5V
in p vo mc cao VIH
2.2V n Vcc
in p vo mc thp VIL
-0.3V n 0.6V
in p ra mc cao (DB0-DB7)
Min 2.4V
in p ra mc thp (DB0-DB7)
-1uA n 1uA
Vcc)
350uA(typ.) n 600uA
Tn s dao ng ni fOSC
(khi VIN = 0 n
Trang 25
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U3
LM35
Vout
2
R1
75
ADJ
VOUT
C1
1uF
0V
1K
R75
C20
14
U25:B
14
U25:A
2
C19
10MF
74HC14
74HC14
102
Trang 28
U18
26
27
28
1
2
3
4
5
P2.4
EOC
6
7
9
RV13
10
11
3 12
16
IN0
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
START
EOC
OUTPUT ENABLE
CLOCK
VCC
ADD A
ADD B
ADD C
ALE
2 -1MSB
2 -2
2 -3
2 -4
2 -5
2 -6
2 -7
2 -8LSB
GND
VREF(+)
VREF(-)
ADC0809
10K
1
137 .10 12 F
1,1.10000 .660000
Chn C = 150 pF
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
8
15
14
17
13
P2.0
P1.7
P1.6
P1.5
P1.4
P1.3
P1.2
P1.1
P1.0
Trang 29
19
RST
XTAL1
10K R23
P0.0/AD0
P0.1/AD1
P0.2/AD2
P0.3/AD3
P0.4/AD4
P0.5/AD5
P0.6/AD6
P0.7/AD7
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
RP1
VCC
EA
XTAL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
RP3
XTAL2
GND
PSEN
ALE
1
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P2.0/A8
P2.1/A9
P2.2/A10
P2.3/A11
P2.4/A12
P2.5/A13
P2.6/A14
P2.7/A15
P3.0/RXD
P3.1/TXD
P3.2/INT0
P3.3/INT1
P3.4/T0
P3.5/T1
P3.6/WR
P3.7/RD
1
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
RP2
11.0592
20
29
30
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
U4
10MF
KEY-TRON
40
31
4K7
RESET C4
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4K7
RESET
AT89XX
4K7
RP4
P2.1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4K7
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
P2.1
P2.0
KHOI VI XU LI
Hnh3.6-S x l trung tm
Khi vi x l m nhim thc thi mi cng vic nhn d liu t b ADC gii m tn hiu
v xut d liu hin th ra mn hnh LCD, ng thi iu khin thit b khi nhit o qu
ngng ci t.
3.7 Khi hin th
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
RS
RW
E
GND
K
1
16
10K
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P2.7
P2.6
VEE
VDD
A
4
5
6
2
15
LCD 16X2
LCD1
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
LCD16X2
Trang 30
12V
7805
VI
VO
1N4007
DOMINO2
C6
D34
LED-Nguon
C7
1mF
1mF
330 R85
1000mF
C5
GND
2
1
D1
J1
KHOI NGUON
Hnh 3.8-Khi ngun
i vi tt c cc mch s dng vi x l th u phi dng ngun in chun l 5V. khi
dng in c a qua diode v sau qua cc t ngun lc ngun v i vo chn s
1 ca ic ngun 7805 v sau s ic 7805 s xut ra 1 in p chun 5V chn s 3
CHNG 2:KIN THC B TR
Trang 31
Trong tt c cc mch ngun th u c 1 con led bo ngun dng biu th trng thi
hot ng ca ic ngun v trn led c 1 con in tr dng hn dng cho led cho led
hot ng tt m khng b chy bi p v dng .
Cng thc tnh tr cho led: Rled= (Vcc-Vled)/Iled= (5V-2V)/10mA=0.3 K = 300 ohm. v
khng c in tr 300 ohm nn ta chn tr cho led l 330 ohm
Chng 4: THIT K PHN MM
Chng trnh phn mm:
#include <AT89X51.H>
#include <stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define RS P2_7
//#define RW P3_6//RW=0 => ghi
#define EN P2_6//RW=1 => doc
//RS=0 => code
//RS=1 => data
#define LCD_PORT P0
#define ADC_PORT P1
#define ALE P2_0
#define START
#define role
P2_4
P2_1
//===========================
void delay_ms(int n)
{
int k,j;
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
{
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Trang 33
Trang 34
LCDWriteData(t+48);
}else if(t<100){
LCDWriteData(t/10+48);
LCDWriteData(t%10+48);
}else{
v=t/10;
LCDWriteData(v/10+48);
LCDWriteData(v%10+48);
LCDWriteData(t%10+48);
}
}
//==========================================
void main (void)
{
unsigned char gt=0;
Trang 35
Trang 36
LCD_init();
LCDWriteCmd(0x80);
LCD_putstr("NHIET DO DAT:35C");
role = 0;
while(1)
{
ALE = 1;
START = 1;
delay_ms(1);
//
START = 0;
ALE = 0;
//
// Nhan du lieu da duoc chuyen doi
gt=ADC_PORT;
if(gt>=35)role = 1;
else role = 0;
LCDWriteCmd(0xC0);
LCD_putstr("Nhiet do la:");
HienThi_ADC(gt);
LCDWriteData(223);
LCD_putstr("C");
//
delay_ms(150);
}
}
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