CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K

THUT M HA KHNG GIAN - THI GIAN
4.1

Gii thiu chng

cc chng trc chng ta tm hiu v h thng MIMO-OFDM, v k

thut m ha khng gian - thi gian trong h thng MIMO-OFDM. By gi chng

ta s i m phng h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng k thut m ha khng gian thi gian bng phn mm Matlab. Thng qua kt qu m phng chng ta c th rt
ra c nhn xt v nh gi v cht lng ca h thng.
4.2

Cc thng s m phng

Da vo s h thng cng nh cc tnh ton thit k mt h thng MIMOOFDM s dng STBC nh cc chng trc, h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng
m ha khng gian - thi gian s c m phng vi cc thng s nh sau:
Thng s ca h thng thu pht OFDM:
-

S anten pht l: TX = 1, 2, 4, 8

S anten thu l: Rx = 1, 2, 4

S k t OFDM trong mt khung truyn l : 7

S k t pilot trong mt khung truyn l : 1

Phng php iu ch s : 64-QAM

Kch thc FFT/IFFT : 128

di CP l: 10

Cc ng phn ly L=7

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

4.3

Lu thut ton
Bt u
Khi to cc thng s ban u
N
i <length(SNR)
Y
Tng i=i+1

Tnh N0, Trial=1

Tnh BER

Trial<N_trial
N

Kt thc

Y
To chui bit
iu ch s
Chn pilot

thieu khoi S/P roi

M ha STC
Bin i IFFT, chn CP
To knh truyn
y = S*h + n
Kh CP v bin i FFT d liu
c lng knh truyn
Gii m STC
Gii iu ch s
Tnh BER cho mi ln th
Tng trial ln 1

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

4.4

Kt qu m phng

4.4.1 So snh h thng SISO, m hnh MRC v m hnh Alamouti:

4.4.1.1 Kt qu
Kt qu di dng s liu :
0 dB

1 dB

2 dB

3dB

4 dB

5 dB

6 dB

7 dB

8 dB

1x1 0.0991 0.0846 0.0691 0.0595 0.0493 0.0421 0.0331 0.0287 0.0237
1x2 0.0379 0.0273 0.0203 0.0147 0.0105 0.0072 0.0052 0.0034 0.0024
2x1 0.0764 0.0598 0.0456 0.0375 0.0273 0.0209 0.0155 0.0109 0.0080
Hnh v :
No diversity, Transmitter diversity and Receiver diversity Comparison

-1

10

BER

No diversity
Alamouti 2x1
MRC 1x2

-2

10

-3

10

4
SNR (dB)

Hnh 4.1 So snh BER ca h thng SISO, m hnh MRC v m hnh

Alamouti
4.4.1.2 Nhn xt
-

Qua th, ta thy cc gi tr BER u gim dn theo chiu SNR tng v khi

cng sut pht cng ln so vi cng nhiu th tn hiu thu c s tt hn.

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

Ta thy r ng th ca m hnh MRC v m hnh Alamouti u tt hn

so vi m hnh SISO, c ngha l s anten pht hoc anten thu tng th li phn
tp s tng nn s nng cao c cht lng h thng m khng cn phi tng cng
sut pht hay m rng bng thng. Nh vy c th thy tm quan trng ca vic
phn tp trong h thng thng tin nh ni chng 2.
-

Vi cng bc phn tp l 2 nhng ta thy ng th ca m hnh MRC tt

hn so vi ng th ca m hnh Alamouti, do phng php phn tp thu s

cho c cht lng h thng tt hn so vi phng php phn tp pht vi cng
bc phn tp. Tuy nhin, trong thc t, vi cc thit b thu thng l nhng thit b
di ng nn vic c nhiu anten s lm cho phc tp ca thit b thu tng ln
cng nh cng knh hn, nh vy s kh khn cho vic di ng ca thit b thu.
-

Vi vic s dng k thut m ha khi khng gian thi gian nn m hnh

Alamouti cho cht lng h thng tt hn so vi m hnh SISO khng c khi m

ha. Tuy m hnh MRC khng c khi m ha nhng nh phn tch trn th
phn tp thu tt hn phn tp pht nn m ha STBC khng c nh hng nhiu.
Tc dng ca k thut m ha STBC s c phn tch k mc sau.
4.4.2 H thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 2 anten pht:
4.4.2.1 Kt qu
Kt qu di dng s liu:
0 dB

1 dB

2 dB

3dB

4 dB

5 dB

6 dB

7 dB

8 dB

2x1 0.0764 0.0598 0.0456 0.0375 0.0273 0.0209 0.0155 0.0109

0.0080

2x2 0.0267 0.0176 0.0107 0.0071 0.0042 0.0023 0.0014 0.0008

0.0003

2x4 0.0045 0.0021 0.0009 0.0003 0.0001

4.449

7.053

1.085

*10-5

*10-6

*10 -6

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

Hnh v:
2xM order of STBC-OFDM in block multipath fading

-1

10

2x1
2x2
2x4

-2

10

-3

BER

10

-4

10

-5

10

-6

10

4
SNR (dB)

Hnh 4.2 BER ca h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 2 anten pht

4.4.2.2Nhn xt
Trong phn m phng ny, ta m phng m hnh h thng MIMO-OFDM s
dng m ha STBC vi 2 anten pht vi ln lt 1, 2, 4 anten thu. M hnh vi 2
anten pht v 2 hoc 4 anten thu c pht trin t m hnh Alamouti 2x1. Gi s
nh ti SNR=5, trong khi vi 1 anten thu th t l bit li ch l xp x 10-2 nhng khi
tng anten thu ln 2 th t l gim xung xp x 10-3 v khi tng s anten thu ln
n 4 anten th t l bit li xp x 10-5 v n khi SNR l 8dB th t l li bit l 0,
t l bit li ny l tt trong h thng thng tin di ng. Nh vy, ta thy cht lng
h thng tt hn hn khi tng s lng anten thu. V khi li phn tp s tng
ln, ng thi vn gi c tc d liu ln nht nh s dng k thut m ha
STBC. Tuy nhin, y ta ch xt n s lng anten pht l 2 nn n t c
phn tp ln nht cng nh tc d liu ln nht v ma trn m ha STBC l trc
giao, nu tng s anten pht ln th nhng iu trn c c p ng hay khng?

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

Vy ta phi xt n trng hp tng s anten pht ln l 4, v 8 kho st tc

dng ca m ha STBC.
4.4.3 H thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 4 anten pht:
4.4.3.1Kt qu
Kt qu di dng s liu:
0 dB
1 dB
2 dB
3dB
4 dB
5 dB
6 dB
7 dB
8 dB
4x1 0.0423 0.0324 0.0227 0.0162 0.0128 0.0077 0.0054 0.0032 0.0018
4x2 0.0075 0.0043 0.0021 0.0011 0.0006 0.0002 0.0001
4x4 0.3030 0.1015 0.0277 0.0011
*10-3
*10-3
*10 -3 *10-3
Hnh v:

1.085
*10-6

3.771
*10-5
0

1.872
*10-5
0

4xM order of STBC-OFDM in block multipath fading

-1

10

4x1
4x2
4x4

-2

10

-3

BER

10

-4

10

-5

10

-6

10

4
SNR (dB)

Hnh 4.3 BER ca h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 4 anten pht

4.4.3.2Nhn xt
Qua th trn ta thy c vi cng s anten pht l 4 th tng s anten thu
ln s lm gim BER xung nh vi trng hp 2 anten pht trong khi phn tp

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

v tc d liu l ln nht. Nh trn th ta thy c khi tng s anten thu t 1

ln 2 th BER gim xung rt ng k khi SNR cng tng so vi trng hp 2 anten
pht trn. Nh vy vi vic tng s anten pht ln th khi tng s anten thu, BER
s gim xung nhanh hn so vi trng hp 2 anten pht trn. Vi 4 anten pht
v 4 anten thu th n SNR=5 t l bit li l 0. Tuy nhin quan trng nht y
chnh l tc dng ca m ha STBC. V vi s anten pht l 4 th nu vn s dng
phng php m ha trc giao v gii m nh 2 anten pht th s khng t c
phn tp ln nht v tc d liu ln nht. Do , ta phi s dng phng
php STBC gi trc giao a ma trn m ha v dng trc giao, nh vy vic
gii m cng n gin hn trong khi vn t c phn tp v tc d liu ln
nht. c th hiu r v m ha STBC gi trc giao th ta tip tc m phng h
thng vi 8 anten pht.
4.4.4 H thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 8 anten pht:
4.4.4.1 Kt qu
Kt qu di dng s liu:
0 dB

1 dB

2 dB

3dB

4 dB

5 dB

6 dB

7 dB

8 dB

8x1 0.0244 0.0165 0.0103 0.0071 0.0042 0.0027 0.0016 0.0007 0.0005
8x2 0.0017 0.0007 0.0002 0.0001

3.594

1.221

2.848

1.492

-5

-5

-6

-6

*10
8x4 0.8816 0.1221 0.0271
*10-5

*10 -5

*10
0

*10
0

*10
0

*10-5

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

Hnh v :
8xM order of STBC-OFDM in block multipath fading

-1

10

8x1
8x2
8x4

-2

10

-3

BER

10

-4

10

-5

10

-6

10

-7

10

4
SNR (dB)

Hnh 4.4 BER ca h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi 8 anten pht

4.4.4.2Nhn xt
Tng t nh cc trng hp trn th khi s anten pht l 8, khi ta tng s
anten thu ln th cht lng h thng tt hn. Nhng vi trng hp 8 anten pht th
t l bit li gim ng k hn so vi 2 trng hp trn ngay c khi s anten thu vn
l 1, 2 v 4. Ta d dng nhn thy vi 8 anten pht v 4 anten thu th ti SNR=3dB
t l bit li l 0, rt tt trong h thng thng tin di ng. Cng ging nh trng
hp 4 anten pht, trng hp ny cng s dng m ha STBC gi trc giao gim
c phc tp khi gii m v t c phn tp ln nht cng nh tc d
liu l ln nht.

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

4.4.5 H thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi M anten pht v 2 anten

thu
4.4.5.1 Kt qu
Kt qu di dng s liu: Vi cc s liu BER ca h thng STBC-OFDM
2x2, 4x2, 8x2 c trn, ta c c hnh v di y.
Hnh v :
Mx2 of STBC-OFDM in block multipath fading

-1

10

2x2
4x2
8x2

-2

10

-3

BER

10

-4

10

-5

10

-6

10

4
SNR (dB)

Hnh 4.5 M phng h thng MIMO-OFDM s dng STBC vi M anten pht

v 2 anten thu
4.4.5.2 Nhn xt
Cui cng, ta s i so snh trng hp khi c nh anten thu m ch tng
anten pht ln vi s anten pht ln lt nh 3 trng hp m phng trn l 2, 4 v
8 anten thy r s khc bit khi tng s lng anten pht ln. Da vo th ta
thy ng th ca 8 anten pht tt hn nhiu so vi 4 anten pht v 2 anten
pht. ng th ca 4 anten pht vn tt hn so vi 2 anten pht. iu ny
chng t rng khi tng s anten pht ln th t l bit li s cng nh hn, do cht
lng h thng s tt hn. Tuy trng hp 4 anten pht v 8 anten pht khng tn
ti ma trn m ha STBC trc giao nhng ta c th s dng STBC gi trc giao

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CHNG 4: M PHNG H THNG MIMO-OFDM S DNG K THUT

M HA KHNG GIAN-THI GIAN

a n v dng nh STBC trc giao, nh vy tc d liu cng nh phn tp

ca 2 trng hp ny u t ln nht nh trng hp 2 anten pht.
4.5

Kt lun chng
Qua chng ny, chng ta m phng c h thng MIMO-OFDM s

dng k thut m ha STBC c phn tch cc chng trc. Phn m phng

cho thy cht lng h thng thng tin di ng, cng nh tc dng ca k thut
phn tp v k thut m ha khng gian - thi gian ging nh trong l thuyt
trnh by.

61