L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

MCH T V LC IN T
1. TM TT L THUYT

2. BI TP
Bi 1: Mch t trong hnh 1 c cc kch thc: S = S =9cm2; = 0,05cm; lc =
30cm; N = 500 vng. Mch t c r = 70.000, Bc = 1T.
1. Hy xc nh t tr Rc v R.
2. Hy xc nh t thng .
3. Dng in I.

Hnh 1

4. T cm L.
5. Nng lng d tr W.
6. in p cm ng, vi Bc = 1.sint.
Bi 2: Cu trc mch t ca mt my in ng b c m t nh hnh 2. Cho
rng rotor v stator c t thm khng xc nh (tc l ). Hy xc nh gi tr
t thng qua khe h v t cm B. Bit I = 10A, N = 1000 vng, = 1cm, S =
2000cm2.
S

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Hnh 3

Hnh 3
Hnh 2

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 3: Mch t trong hnh 3 bao gm cun dy N vng t trong mt li t c t

thm v cng ln. Mch t c hai khe h khng kh song song c ln tng
ng l 1 v 2 v tit din li tng ng l S1 v S2. Hy xc nh:
1. T cm L ca cun dy.
2. Mt t thng B1 trong khe h th nht khi cun dy mang dng in I.
B qua hiu ng r, tn vng cc khe h khng kh.
Bi 4: Cho rng vt liu ca li thp trong bi 1 c ng t ha DC nh trong
hnh 4. Hy xc nh dng in I i vi Bc = 1T.

Hnh 4

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Bi 5: Li thp trong hnh 5 c lm t thp cn nh hng M-5. Cun dy

c kch thch bi in p, sinh ra trong li thp t cm c gi tr bng B =
1,5sin377t (T).
H s p cht ca li thp l 0,94. Trng lng ring ca thp l 7,65g.cm2.
Hy xc nh:
1. Gi tr in p t ln cun dy.
2. Bin dng in.
3. Gi tr hiu dng ca dng in kch t li thp.
4. Tn hao trong li thp.

Hnh 5
Hnh 6
Bi 6: i vi nam chm in c mch t hnh ch U nh c biu din trong
hnh 6. Hy xc nh t dn r n v theo phng php phn chia t trng.
Bi 7: i vi mch t trong bi 6, hy xc nh t dn ca khe h khng kh khi
xt ti t dn tn xung quanh cc t v khi khng xt ti t dn tn i vi hai
gi tr ca : 1 = 4mm v 2 = 1,6mm. Hy gii thch v t l phn trm ca phn
t dn tn so vi t dn ton phn ph thuc vo gi tr a/.
Bi 8: Hy xc nh gc lch pha gia hai t thng i qua vng ngn mch S2 v
khng i qua vng ngn mch vi din tch cc t S1 cc gi tr khe h khng
kh cho trc tng ng 1 v 2 . Tn s dng in kch thch t f = 50Hz vng
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ngn mch c in tr rnm = 3.10-4; S1 = 0,6.10-4m2; S2 = 1,2.10-4m2; 1 = 2 =

0,1mm.
Bi 9: i vi mch t trong bi 8, hy xc nh gi tr h s p mch theo phn
trm p v h s d tr v lc. Phn lc ca h thng trn ti v tr np ht F f =
12N, t thng lm vic c gi tr 1 = 6,75.10-5 (Wb); 2 = 5,78.10-5 (Wb)
Bi 10: Hnh 10 m t mt mch t c cha mt thnh phn lm t vt liu
NCVC. Li t v phn ng c t thm cao v mt cun dy dng t ha vt
liu NCVC. Cun dy c th ly i (di chuyn) sau khi h thng c t ha.
Phn ng di chuyn theo phng x nh c ch dn trong hnh, v vy khe h
khng kh c th thay i (2cm2 < S < 4cm2). Cho rng vt liu l ALNICO-5.
1. Hy xc nh chiu di lm ca NCVC, sao cho h thng vn hnh trn
ng phc hi, ct qua gi tr [B.(-H)]max trn ng cong kh t ca vt
liu.
2. Gii thch qu trnh t ha ca nam chm.
3. Tnh t cn B trong khe h khi phn ng chuyn ng.

Hnh 10

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Hnh 11

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Bi 11: i vi NCVC c hnh thi ch nht, hy xc nh tg, c trng cho

im lm vic trn ng cong kh t. Chiu di ca nam chm: lnc = 3,2.10-2m.
Cc cnh: b = 1,78.10-2m; a = 0,89.10-2m. (Hnh 11)
Bi 12: Mt mch t c khe h khng kh c kch thc nh sau: tit din Sc =
1,5.10-3 m2; chiu di li t lc = 0,7m; = 2,5.10-3m; N = 75 vng (Hnh 12). B
qua t thng r, tn v khi dng in I = 1A, hy tnh:
a. Gi thit rng li thp ca mch t c t thm khng xc nh ().
1. T thng tng.
2. T thng mc vng ca cun dy .
3. T cm L ca cun dy.
b. Gi thit rng li thp ca mch t c t thm = 15000.
1. T thng tng.
2. T thng mc vng ca cun dy .
3. T cm L ca cun dy.

Hnh 12

Hnh 13

Bi 13: Mch t hnh 13 c ghp t cc vng hnh xuyn c dy bng D =

2cm, cc vng xuyn c bn knh trong Ri v bn knh ngoi R0. B qua r, tn,
hy xc nh:
a. Gi thit rng st t c t thm khng xc nh ().
1. Chiu di chnh ca li thp lc v tit din ca n Sc.
2. T tr ca li thp Rc v ca khe h khng kh R khi N = 75 vng.
3. T cm L ca cun dy.
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L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

4. Dng in I cn thit tng ng vi gi tr t cm khe h khng kh B

= 1,2T.
5. T thng mc vng ca cun dy .
b. Gi thit rng st t c t thm khng xc nh = 7500.
1. Chiu di chnh ca li thp lc v tit din ca n Sc.
2. T tr ca li thp Rc v ca khe h khng kh R khi N = 75 vng.
3. T cm L ca cun dy.
4. Dng in I cn thit tng ng vi gi tr t cm khe h khng kh B
= 1,2T.
5. T thng mc vng ca cun dy .
Bi 14: Hnh 14 trnh by mt ct ca mt mch t i xng c N vng dy. B
qua t thng r tn, v cho rng t thm ca li thp mch t l khng xc nh
(), khi dng in cun dy c gi tr l I (A) b dy mt t l 2h. Hy tnh gi
tr t thng , t cm B trong khe h khng kh, t cm bn trong li thp B v
t cm cun dy L. Cui cng hy xc nh gi tr h v R3 theo R1 v R2 sao cho
t cm L l ng nht bn trong mch t.
Cho rng mch t trn c t thm = 20000, v N = 100 vng cc kch
thc khc c gi tr: R1 = 1cm; R2 = 3cm; l = 2,5cm; h = 1cm; = 0,2cm.
1. Hy xc nh gi tr h v R3 sao cho t cm B bn trong mch t l ng
nht.
2. Hy xc nh gi tr t cm L ca cun dy.
3. Li thp mch t hot ng ti gi tr t cm cc i B = 1,5T tn s f =
60Hz. Hy xc nh cc gi tr bin , hiu dng ca in p cm ng
trong cun dy.
4. Lp li cu 3/ khi tn s ngun in l 50Hz.

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Hnh 14
Hnh 16
Bi 15: Mt sng in p vung c tn s f = 60Hz v c cc bn k m, dng
bng nhau vi bin Emax c t ln mt in tr cun dy c N = 1000 vng
qun quanh mt li thp c tit din 1,25.10-3m2.
1. Hy v th in p, t thng mc vng ca cun dy, t thng bin thin
trong li thp theo thi gian.
2. Hy xc nh gi tr cho php ca E sao cho t cm cc i khng vt qu
1T.
Bi 16: Mt phn cm c thit k c li t nh trong hnh 16. N c tit din
khng i l Sc = 5 cm2 v chiu di lc = 20cm. Mch t c mt khe h c th iu
chnh c vi ln v cun dy N vng dy.
1. Hy tnh v N sao cho t cm L l 15 (mH) v sao cho phn cm trn c
th hot ng gi tr dng in cc i 5A m khng b bo ho. Gi thit
rng s bo ho xy ra khi t cm cc i trong li thp vt qu 1,7T v
cho rng li thp c t thm = 30000.
2. i vi dng in cun cm 5A, hy xc nh:
a. Nng lng t trng d tr bn trong khe h khng kh.
b. Nng lng t trng tng d tr c cho bi phng trnh W =
B(H)
.S.l = W.
2

Bi 17: Mt c cu d tr nng lng in c bao gm 1 cun dy qun xunh

quanh mt hnh xuyn phi t tnh ( = 0) (Hnh 17), c N vng dy, ng knh
li xuyn l 2a, bn knh trung bnh ca n l r. Hnh dng thit b c cu to
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sao cho c th xem t trng bng 0 pha bn ngoi li xuyn. Khi a << r, c th
xem t trng H bn trong cc vng dy c chiu m xuyn qua chng v c
ln khng i bng H = N.I/2.r.
1. Hy xc nh t cm L ca cun dy.
2. Cun dy c mang ti vi t cm B = 2T, hy xc nh gi tr nng
lng t trng tng trong cc vng dy.
3. Nu cun dy mang ti khng i, di/dt = const, hy tnh gi tr in p cn
thit t ln hai u ca n m bo gi tr t cm yu cu trong 25 giy.
B qua in tr cun dy.
Bi 18: Hnh 18 m t mt phn cm qun trn mt li thp ghp c t thm ln,
tit din ch nht. Gi thit rng t thm khng xc nh () v b qua t
thng r, tn khe h khng kh . Cun dy c qun t dy ng bc cch
in c in tr sut (m). Gi thit rng phn Scu ca khng gian cun dy
c dng cho ng, phn cn li l ca cch in c biu din qua h s lp
y Kl.
1. Xc nh chiu di trung bnh ca 1 vng dy ca cun dy.
2. Xc nh biu thc cng sut tn hao trong cun dy gi tr t cm B
khng i. Biu thc ny c biu din thng qua cc gi tr B, , 0, l,
Kl v kch thc cho.
Lu : biu thc c lp i vi s vng dy N nu h s lp y Kl c
xem l c lp so vi n.
3. Hy xc nh biu thc nng lng t trng d tr ph thuc vo B v cc
kch thc cho.
4. T cc phn 2/ v 3/, xc nh biu thc v hng s thi gian T = L/R ca
cun dy.
Phn cm trn c kch thc nh sau: a = h = w = 1,5cm; b = 2cm; =
0,3cm; h s lp y Kl = 0,7; in tr sut = 1,73.10-6cm. Cun dy hot
ng din p 40V v t cm khe h khng kh B = 1,2T. Hy xc nh cng
sut tn hao ca cun dy, dng in cun dy, s vng dy, in tr cun dy,
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t cm L, hng s thi gian v kch thc dy qun so vi kch thc tiu

chun gn nht.

Hnh 18

Hnh 17

Bi 19: Mch t trong hnh 19 c hai cun dy v hai khe h khng kh. Li thp
c t thm khng xc nh ( ). Kch thc ca n c ghi trong hnh:
1. Gi s cun dy 1 mang dng in I1 v dng in trong cun dy 2 bng
0, hy tnh:
a. T cm trong mi mt khe h khng kh.
b. T thng mc vng ca cun dy 1 v 2.
2. Gi s cun dy 1 mang dng in I1 = 0 v dng in trong cun dy 2 l
I2. Lp li cu 1/
3. Khi I1 v I2 u khc 0, lp li cu 1/ v tnh h cm gia chng.

I2
Hnh 19

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Hnh 20

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Bi 20: Mch t i xng trong hnh 20 c 3 cun dy. Cc cun dy A v B c N

vng dy v c qun trn hai gng t ca li thp, kch thc li thp c ghi
trn hnh v.
1. Hy xc nh t cm ca mi cun dy.
2. Hy xc nh h cm gia 3 cp cun dy.
3. Hy xc nh in p cm ng trong cun dy 1 bi cc dng in bin
thin theo thi gian iA(t) v iB(t) trong cc cun dy A v B. hy ch ra rng
in p ny c th c s dng o s mt cn bng gia hai dng in
hnh sin c cng tn s.
Bi 21: My pht sng v tuyn trong hnh 21 c mt b phn chuyn ng theo
phng x c bng mt c cu trt, lm n c th trt ra vo mt ci gng
t, trong khi vn gi c khe h hai bn gng t bng hng s v bng . c
gng t v phn ng u c t thm khng xc nh (). Chuyn ng ca
phn ng c chuyn ng trong phm vi 0 x w.
C hai cun dy c t trong mch t ny. Cun th nht c N1 vng v
mang dng in khng i I0. Cun th hai c N2 vng c h v c th ni
vi ph ti bn ngoi.
1. Hy xc nh h cm gia hai cun dy 1 v 2 theo v tr ca phn ng x.
2. Phn ng c truyn ng bi mt ngun bn ngoi theo lut chuyn
ng sau: x(t) =

W.(1 . sin t )
; y = W/2. Hy tm biu thc biu
2

din in p cm ng trn hai u cun dy theo chuyn ng ny.

Hnh 21
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Hnh 22

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Bi 22: Hnh 22 trnh by mt c cu c th c s dng o cc c tnh t

ca thp k thut in. Vt liu th nghim c ct v qun thnh mt li hnh
xuyn (cc l thp cch in vi nhau trnh dng in tn hao Foucaults). C
hai cun dy c qun trn li hnh xuyn ny. Cun th nht c N 1 vng dng
kch t li thp, cun th hai c N2 vng dng cm ng t trng u ra.
S chnh xc ca kt qu i hi t cm phi ng nht trong li thp. iu
ny c th thc hin c khi b rng ca tp l thp hnh xuyn t = R 0 R1 phi
nh hn bn knh ca n rt nhiu v khi cun dy kch t c qun ri u xung
quanh li xuyn. Gi thit rng c n l thp xuyn, mi l c b dy l v cun
dy 1 c kch t bi dng in i1 = I0.sint.
1. Hy tm mi quan h gia ng cong t trng H trong li thp v dng
in i1.
2. Hy tm mi quan h gia in p U2 v t cm B bin i theo thi gian.
3. Hy tm mi quan h gia in p U0 = GU2.dt v t cm.
Lu : y cng t trng H v t cm B trong li thp t l vi
dng in i1 v in p U2 thng qua cc hng s bit. Mt khc B v H trong
li thp c th o c mt cch trc tip v c tnh B-H c th xc nh c.
Bi 23: T ng cong t ho DC trong hnh 23 c th tnh t cm tng i
r = Bc/(0Hc) i vi thp k thut in M-5 l hm s ca t cm Bc. Cho rng
li thp trong hnh 1 c lm t vt liu M-5 c cc kch thc c ghi trong
hnh. Hy tnh gi tr t cm cc i sao cho t tr ca li thp khng vt qu
5% so vi t tr tng ca mch t.

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Hnh 23

Bi 24: Cc cun dy trong mt mch t thit b in c trnh by trong hnh

24, c mc ni tip vi nhau sao cho cc sc t ng theo ng A v B u c
xu hng to ra t thng qua li gia cng chiu vi nhau. vt liu t l thp M-5,
c b dy mi l l 0,03cm, h s p cht Kf = 0,94. B qua r, tn.
1. Cc dng in phi c gi tr l bao nhiu t cm t gi tr 0,6T.
2. Cn mt nng lng d tr l bao nhiu Joule trong khe h khng kh.

Hnh 24

Bi 25: S liu a ra cho na trn ca mt vng t tr i xng trong li thp

l:
B (T)

0,2 0,4 0,6 0,7 0,8

48 52

58

73

(A.vng/m)

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85

0,9

0,95 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,4 0,2

103 135 193 80

42

18

29

40

45

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Chiu di trung bnh ca ng sc t trong li thp l 0,3 m. Hy tm gi

tr tn hao t tr bng phng php th tnh ra Watts khi gi tr t cm Bmax l
1T tn s 60Hz.
Bi 26: Gi thit rng mch t trong hnh 26, c lm t thp k thut in M-5
vi cc tnh cht c m t trong cc hnh 23 v hnh 26. Cho rng li thp hot
ng tn s 60Hz vi t cm bin thin hnh sin c tr hiu dng l 1,1T. B qua
in tr cun dy v t thng r. Hy tm in p cun dy, dng in hiu dng
trong cun dy v tn hao li thp iu kin hot ng trn. trng lng ring
ca thp M-5 l 7,65g/cm3.

Hnh 26

Bi 27: S dng c tnh t ha ca somarium cobalt cho trong hnh 27. Hy

xc nh im c nng lng cc i v cc gi tr B, (-H) tng ng. S dng cc
gi tr ny lp li bi 6 vi ALNICO-5 thay bng somarium cobalt. yu t no
quyt nh ti s gim i ca th tch nam chm m vn m bo gi tr t cm
trong khe h khng kh?

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Hnh 27

Bi 28: S dng cc c tnh t ha ca neodymium - st boron cho trong hnh

27, hy tm im c nng lng cc i v cc gi tr tng ng ca B v (-H). S
dng cc gi tr ny lp li bi 6 vi nam chm ALNICO-5 thay th bng nam
chm neodymium - st boron. Yu t no quyt nh s gim i ca th tch nam
chm m vn m bo gi tr mong mun ca t cm trong khe h khng kh?
Bi 29: Hnh 29 trnh by mch t ca mt loa phng thanh dng nam chm vnh
cu. Cun dy pht m (khng v trong hnh) c dng hnh ng c t trong
khe h khng kh. Mt nam chm neodymium - st boron c dng to ra t
trng vi dng in cun dy ting to ra s chuyn ng ca cun dy ny.
Ngi thit k xc nh rng khe h khng kh c ln = 0,2cm, chiu cao
h = 1cm, cho rng gng v cc li c t thm khng xc nh (), hy tm
chiu cao d v bn knh nam chm R c th to ra trong khe h khng kh t
cm B = 1,2T v m bo yu cu v th tch nam chm nh nht.
Gi : tham kho bi 6 v hnh 27 xc nh im c nng lng cc i
i vi neodymium - st boron.
Bi 30: Mun t c dng bin thin theo thi gian ca t cm trong khe h
khng kh ca mch t trong hnh 30 theo biu thc B = B0 + B1sint trong

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Hnh 29
Hnh 30
B0 = 0,5T v B1 = 0,25T, t trng mt chiu B0 c sinh ra bi nam chm vnh
cu ALNICO-5. T trng bin thin c sinh ra bi dng in bin thin theo
thi gian.
1. i vi khe h khng kh c kch thc nh c ghi trong hnh 30, hy
xc nh di d ca NCVC v tit din Sm ca n t gi tr t cm
DC trong khe h khng kh v cc tiu ha th tch nam chm.
2. Hy tm gi tr nh nht v ln nht ca dng in bin thin theo thi gian
t gi tr mong mun ca t cm xoay chiu trong khe h khng kh.
Dng in i c th bin thin theo lut sin c khng?
Bi 31:
b
a
1

a
2
I
N

l1

l2

a
a

2a

Hnh 31
Mch t c hnh dng nh hnh 31. Cc kch thc c cho nh sau: a =
1cm, b = 2cm, c = 2,5cm, 1 = 0,2cm, 2 = 0,5cm, l1 = 3,8cm, l2 = 3,5cm. Cun
dy c N = 1500 vng, mang dng in I = 2,5A.
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1. Hy xc nh h s r ca mch t khi b qua t tr ca li thp ().

2. Khi b qua t thng tn xung quanh cc cc t v khi t thm ca cc phn
st t = 10000, hy xc nh:
a. Gi tr t thng tng 0 trong li gia v cc t thng 1; 2 hai li
bn.
b. T cm L ca cun dy.
Bi 32:
Cho mch t c kch thc v hnh dng nh trong hnh 32. Cun dy 1000
vng c ni vi ngun in p xoay chiu c U=220V (E=0,95U); f=50Hz. B
qua r, tn trong mch t, hy xc nh:
3. Gi tr trung bnh ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ca n.
4. V th biu din quan h ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np theo thi
gian t.
5. Khi dng in cun dy I = 1A:
a. Hy xc nh gi tr ca khe h khng kh tng ng vi gi tr lc
trn, b qua t tr v t khng ca li thp.
b. Xc nh nhit trn b mt cun dy khi mt dng in J =
2A/mm2, h s ta nhit KT = 10W/0C.m2; = 1,78.10-8 .m.
c. Tnh gi tr nng lng in t ca cun dy (W) v nng lng t
trng trong khe h khng kh (W).
Bi 33: Mt mch t nam chm in dng ch E i xng nh hnh 33, c kch
thc a = 9mm, b = 25mm, = 0,5mm. Trn cc t gia c qun mt cun dy
c s vng N = 2000 vng t di in p xoay chiu hnh sin U = 220V, f =
50Hz. Bit h s r ca mch t khi khe h khng kh = 0,5mm l r = 1,2. B
qua t thng tn xung quanh cc t, t tr v t khng st t, in tr cun dy.

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30
15

48

50
a

15
16

b
15 18 15

a
Hnh 34
1 2

Hnh 32

S2
S1

Cc t bn

a
b
a

2a

b
a

Hnh 33
1. Xc nh t thng qua li gia mch t v t thng qua cc khe h khng
kh.
2. Xc nh lc ht in t trung bnh tc ng ln np mch t.
3. Xc nh dng in chy trong cun dy.
4. Nu cun dy ca nam chm in trn c cung cp bi ngun in p
xoay chiu U = 110V, f = 50Hz. Xc nh cc thng s ca cun dy (N, q)
lc in t tc ng ln np nam chm in khng i nh cu 2. Bit
rng tha iu kin pht nng mt dng in chy trong dy qun
c chn l J = 2,5A/mm2.
5. Gim hin tng rung khi np ng, ngi ta b tr trn mi cc t bn
1 vng ngn mch nh hnh 2, sao cho S1 = 0,5S2; S1 + S2 = S v hai t
thng 1 v 2 lch pha mt gc 600 (S = a.b l din tch cc t bn, S1 l
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din tch cc t khng cha vng ngn mch, S2 l din tch cc t cha
vng ngn mch, 1v 2 l t thng qua S1 v S2). Gi s s phn b t
thng trong mch t trc v sau khi t vng ngn mch l khng i.
Tnh lc in t cc tiu tc ng ln mt cc t bn.
Bi 34: Cho mch t nh hnh 34 vi a = 20mm, b = 30mm, h = 50mm, l = 60mm,
= 2mm. Tnh sc t ng cn thit to ra t thng khe h khng kh l =
4.10-4 Wb. Bit mch t lm bng vt liu st t c h s t thm tng i r =
1000, h s tn ca mt cc t = 1,2. B qua t thng r ca mch t.
Bi 35:
Cho mch t xoay chiu i xng c kch thc nh trong hnh 35. in p
t vo cun dy U = 380V; f = 50Hz. Cun dy c s vng dy N = 1200 vng;
st p trn phn in tr thun cun dy bng 10% in p ngun, b qua t thng
tn ti khe h khng kh, t tr v t khng li thp.
Phn A: Khi cha t vng ngn mch. Cho a=10cm, b=20cm, c=15cm,
l=80cm,=0,5mm.
1. Hy xc nh h s r trong mch t.
2. Tnh bin t thng tng 0 v t thng lm vic lv.
3. Xc nh dng in chy trong cun dy nam chm in.
4. Tnh tn hao Joule trong cun dy.
5. Tnh lc ht in t trung bnh gy nn bi 1 cc t bn v lc ht in t
tc ng ln c np nam chm in.
Phn B: gim rung, t vng ngn mch 2 cc t bn. Cho gc lch pha
(nm) gia 1 v 2 l 600 ng vi khe h khng kh nh trn, din tch phn t
vng ngn mch chim 2/3 din tch cc t bn (hnh 2). Gi s t thng lm vic
khng thay i khi t vng ngn mch (b qua t khng vng ngn mch).
1. Tnh lc ht in t trung bnh gy nn bi 1 cc t bn.
2. Tnh lc ht in t cc tiu ca 1 cc t bn.
3. Tnh t khng vng ngn mch.
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

4. Tnh li bin t thng lm vic nu xt n t khng vng ngn mch.

Nhn xt.
5. Tnh li lc ht in t trung bnh v cc tiu trn 1 cc t bn. Nhn xt.
Bi 36:
Cho mt mch t xoay chiu nh trong hnh 36, khi khng xt t thng r v
tn trong mch t th sc in ng cm ng o c trn 2 u ca cun dy N 2
= 250 vng l 80V, tn s f = 50Hz v 1 = 2 = 1mm. Cho rng t thm ca li
thp , tnh:
1. Gi tr t cm B1max v B2max.
2. Tnh gi tr t thng max qua cun dy N1.
3. Nu U1 = 220V, tnh s vng dy N1. Coi E1 U1.
4. Khi 2 = 1mm gi khng i, tnh gi tr sc in ng E2 khi 1 = 2mm.

lv/2
/2

lv/2

lv/2

/2

S1

S2

lv/2
/2

/2

U
0

a
a

2a

Hnh 35
lv/2
40

U1

N1

2
1
N2

lv/2

S0

2 15
10
2

0 1

lv

E2

40

15
90

50

60

50 40

Hnh 36

15 25

30

18
84

4 8

Hnh 37
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25 15

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 37:
Cho mt mch t xoay chiu nh trong hnh 37, vi cc s liu nh sau:
1. in p cun dy U = 220V, tn s 50Hz.
2. Gi tr trung bnh ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ti khe h = 5mm
l 20N.
Hy xc nh:
1. Gi tr bin ca t thng lm vic lv qua cc t gia S0.
2. T dn ca cc khe h khng kh G1 = G2 v G0 (B qua t dn tn xung
quanh cc cc t) khi khe h khng kh = 1 = 2 = 0 = 0,05; 0,1; 0,5; 1;
5; 10mm.
3. T dn r G ca mch t.
4. H s r ti cc khe h tng ng cu 2.
5. Gi tr bin ca t thng tng 0 khng i theo .
6. Cc gi tr bin ca t thng lv tng ng cc khe h khng kh
cho.
7. Dng c tnh Ft = f() ti U = 220V (lu Ft tnh theo gi tr trung bnh)
8. S vng dy cn thit ca cun dy N khi E = (0,96-0,85)U.
9. Xc nh Fmin khi t l cc t thng 1 v 2 c th xc nh theo cng
thc

2 S2
cos vi gc lch pha gia cc t thng 1 v 2 (xem
1 S1

hnh) ly bng 600 ti khe h = 0,05mm.

Ghi ch: t cu 1 n cu 8 cha xt vng ngn mch.
Bi 38:
Cho mch t nh hnh 38 c kch thc nh sau: a = 5cm; b = 8cm; l = 10cm;
c = 7cm; = 0,2cm; = 15000; cun dy c N = 1500vng c qun bng dy
dn c ng knh d = 1,6mm, in tr sut = 2,2.10-6 m. in p t ln cun
dy U = 20V. Khi b qua cc t thng r v tn trong mch t, hy xc nh:
1. T tr tng ng ca mch t.
2. T thng trong mch t.
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L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

3. T cm L ca cun dy.
4. Hng s thi gian in t T.

15
lv/2
51

lv/2
1

b
a

0
/2

15

lv

/2

a
a

15

Hnh 38

15

30

15

Hnh 39

Bi 39: Cho mch t nh trong hnh 39. Bit h s r ca n ti khe h 1 = 2 =

0 = 2mm l 1,5. Cun dy c s vng dy l 3000 vng. Sc in ng cm ng
ca cun dy E = 0,85.220V; tn s f = 50Hz.
1. Hy xc nh gi tr bin ca cc t thng tng 0 , t thng lm vic
lv v t thng r trong mch t.
2. V th bin thin ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ca mch t theo
thi gian (t).
3. B qua tn hao trong li thp v in tr thun ca cun dy hy xc nh
gi tr dng in chy qua cun dy ti v tr 1 = 2 = 0 = 2mm.
Bi 40: Cho mch t nh trong hnh 40, bit a = 10mm; b = 2a; c = 2a; l = 60mm;
cun dy t li gia c s vng N = 3000 vng; cc cnh ca n nm cch cc
cnh ca ca s mch t 1 khong cch = 1mm. Sut t tr ca li thp c gi
tr R = 37,5.102 (m/H). in tr sut ca dy ng cun dy = 2,2.10-8m; in
p cun dy U = 30V. Hy xc nh:
1. Dng in I chy trong cun dy.
2. B qua cc t thng r v tn, xc nh t thng trong mch t.
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

3. T cm L ca cun dy.
b
a

45
30

918

U
a
a

2a

30

Hnh 40

30

Hnh 41

Bi 41: Cho mch t xoay chiu c hnh dng nh trong hnh 41, np xoay quanh
trc O. B qua cc t thng r, tn, b qua tn hao trong li thp, khi cun dy c
N = 581 vng, in p cun dy U = 220V, tn s f = 50Hz.
1. Hy xc nh t thng trong mch t.
2. Ti v tr = 0,1mm, cc t c ngn vng ngn mch, kch thc nh trong
hnh 2, gc lch pha gia hai t thng 1 khng i qua vng ngn mch v
2 i qua vng ngn mch l = 600, t l gia cc t thng ny l
2 S2
cos
1 S1

Hy tnh v v th bin thin ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ca mch

t ny.
Bi 42: Cho mch t nh trong hnh 42, bit a = 16mm, b = 18mm, gi tr t thng
lm vic i qua li gia c th xc nh t lv = 7,761.10-4.sint (Wb).
Hy xc nh gi tr trung bnh ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ca mch t
theo phng php Maxwell.
Bi 43: Cho mch t trong hnh 43 c kch thc nh sau:
a = 2,5; b = 3; c = 3,5; h = 4cm. H s lp y ca cun dy Kl = 0,7. in tr
sut ca dy dn = 1,73.10-8 m. in p cun dy Ucd = 40V. T cm trong
khe h B =1,2T. Mt dng in cun dy J = 2A/mm2. hy xc nh:
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

1. Dng in cun dy I.
2. in tr cun dy rcd.
3. ng knh dy qun d.
4. Tn hao trong cun dy P.
5. Hng s thi gian in t = L/rcd.
b

lv/2

lv/2

lv

a
2a

a
a

Hnh 43

Hnh 42

Bi 44: Cun dy mt chiu hnh tr hnh 44, ng knh trong D = 20mm; chiu
cao l = 70mm, b dy h = 10mm, c sc t ng F = 500A.vng, in p lm vic
U = 40V. Hy xc nh:
1. Cc thng s c bn ca cun dy (ng knh dy d v s vng dy N). Bit
in tr sut ca dy ng nhit lm vic = 2,2.10-8m, h s lp y kl =
0,6.
2. Nhit b mt cun dy. Bit h s to nhit t b mt ngoi ra mi trng K t
= 10W/0Cm2, h s tnh n s tham gia ca b mt trong vo qu trnh to nhit
= 1,2. Nhit mi trng 0 = 400C. B qua s to nhit 2 u cun dy.
D

20
12
1
l

50

15

Hnh 44
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

12
12 20

Hnh 45

12

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 45: Nam chm in vi hnh dng v kch thc nh hnh 45. Cun dy c s
vng N = 3500vng c cung cp in p 1 chiu 24V; dy qun bng ng c
tit din trn, ng knh d = 0,35mm; in tr sut ca ng = 1,62.10-8m.
B qua t tn ti khe h khng kh. Cho t dn r n v gia hai li mch t g =
2.10-8 H/m.
6. Xc nh dng in chy trong cun dy.
7. Xc nh t thng qua khe h khng hk.
8. Tnh lc ht in t tc ng ln np nam chm in.
Bi 46: Lc ht in t to ra trn np ca mt nam chm in mt chiu Hnh 46
khe h khng kh = 0,5mm l 1000kgf, lc ny t cm khe h khng kh B
= 11,097Gauss, t dn r c gi tr bng 20% t dn khe h khng kh, xem t dn
ca vt liu st t l v cng ln (b qua t thng tn xung quanh cc t)
1. Tnh
2. Tnh sc t ng cn thit ca cun dy nam chm in v t thng chnh i
trong li gia.

3a

a
a a

2a

a a

2a

Hnh 46
Bi 47: Cho mch t xoay chiu c kch thc v hnh dng nh hnh. Bit lvm =
1,85.10-4 (Wb); sut t tr v t khng ca li thp l R = 90.102 (m/H); X =
37,5.102 (m/H). Vng ngn mch bng ng c in tr rnm = 6.10-4 (). B qua
t thng r v tn ca li thp. Tnh:
1. Sc t ng F ca cun dy.
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

2. Xc nh s vng dy Ngn hng v dng in cun dy I khi in p t

ln cun dy U = 220V; tn s f = 50Hz.
Bi 48: Cho mt mch t nh trong hnh 48. Bit h s r chung ti khe h =
5mm l 3,720; khi lc ht in t trung bnh tc ng ln np ca n l Ft =
13N; B qua t tr ca li thp, hy xc nh:
1. Gi tr bin ca t thng lm vic lv i qua cc khe h khng kh
ca mch t.
2. Gi tr bin ca t thng tng 0 i qua gng ca mch t.
3. Bit sc in ng cm ng ca cun dy E = 0,82U, hy xc nh s
vng dy cn thit N ca cun dy sinh ra t thng tng 0.
4. Cho rng gi tr cc t thng 1 khng i qua vng ngn mch v 2 i
qua vng ngn mch l bng nhau, hy xc nh gc lch pha gia chng .
5. Cc thnh phn khng i F12=, bin thin F12v gi tr cc tiu Fmin
ca lc ht in t xoay chiu tc ng ln np mch t xoay chiu.
6. Bit = t.r vi t = G/G0 = 1,8 v r = 1 + G/G vi G l t dn
tng ng ca 2 khe h trong mch t v t dn r n v g =
0,121.108 (H/m). Hy xc nh chiu cao tng ng ca li.
Bi 49: Cho nam chm in xoay chiu vi kch thc v hnh dng nh hnh 49.
Cun dy c s vng N = 2000 vng c u vi ngun in xoay chiu U =
220V; f = 50Hz. Kch thc ca nam chm in a = 40mm; b = 20mm; c = 40mm;
l = 120mm; = 0,8mm. B qua t thng tn ti khe h khng hk, n tr cun
dy, t tr v t khng li thp.
1. Tnh gi tr bin ca t thng tng qua gng, mt t thng B, nhn
xt.
2. Xy dng s thay th ca mch t.
3. Tnh t thng qua khe h khng kh.
4. Tnh dng in chy qua cun dy.
5. Tnh lc in t trung bnh tc ng ln np nam chm n, v ng
cong lc ht in t theo thi gian.
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 50: Cho mch t xoay chiu c kch thc v hnh dng nh hnh 50. B qua
cc t thng r v tn trong mch t, bit t thm tuyt i trong li thp =
5000. s vng dy N = 2400 vng. Hy xc nh:
1. T tr ca cc phn st t (li, gng, np) v khe h khng kh (c 2 khe
h khng kh).
2. Dng in trong cun dy khi B = B =1,2T.
3. T cm L ca cun dy.
Bi 51: Cho nam chm in xoay chiu vi kch thc v hnh dng nh hnh 51.
cun dy c s vng N = 2400 vng c u vi n p xoay chiu U = 220V; f
= 50Hz. B qua in tr cun dy, t thng tn khe h khng kh, t tr v t
khng li thp.
1. Tnh gi tr bin ca t thng tng qua gng.
2. Tnh t dn r G gia hai li mch t bit t dn r n v g = 2,45.10-6
(H/m).
3. Tnh gi tr bin ca t thng lm vic qua khe h khng hk lv.
4. Tnh lc ht in t trung bnh tc ng ln np nam chm.
Bi 52: Mch t xoay chiu c hnh dng nh hnh 52. Cun dy N vng c t
ln in p U = 220V; f = 50Hz (E = 0,95U); dng in I o c l 0,7A. Bit R
= 90.102 (m/H); X = 45.102 (m/H). B qua t thng r, tn trong mch t.
1. Tnh tng tr t ca mch (ca mt na i xng hoc gp i mch t).
2. Tnh s vng dy N ca cun dy.
3. Tnh gi tr trung bnh ca lc ht in t tc ng ln np ca mch t
trn.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

MY BIN P
1. TM TT L THUYT
2.1 My bin p 1 pha
2.1.1 nh ngha
My bin p mt pha l thit b tnh lm vic theo nguyn l cm ng in
t, dng bin h thng xoay chiu (U1, I1, f1) thnh (U2, I2, f1)
2.1.2 Nguyn l hot ng
i1
u1

i2
u2

N1

Ti

N2

Hnh 2.1 S nguyn l ca my bin p mt pha.

p vo hai u cun s cp (c N1 vng dy) mt in p xoay chiu u1, th
sinh ra dng in i1 chy trong cun s cp N1. Trong li thp sinh ra t thng
mc vng qua c cun dy s cp N1 v th cp N2, cm ng sc in ng e1 v
e2. Dy qun th cp N2 c sc in ng e2 sinh ra dng i2 chy qua ti vi in
p xoay chiu u2.
Nu u1 l hnh sin th t thng cng l hm s sin
= msint
(2.1)
Theo nh lut cm ng in t cc sc in ng cm ng e1, e2 sinh ra
trong cun s cp v th cp:
d
e 1 = - N1
= N1msin(t 900) =
dt
E1 2 (sint 90)
(2.2)
d
e 2 = - N2
= N2msin(t 900) = E2 2 (sint 90)
dt
(2.3)
Trong
E1 = 4.44N1fm: tr hiu dng ca cun s cp
E2 = 4.44N2fm: tr hiu dng ca cun th cp
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Nu b qua st p gy ra do in tr v t tn dy qun th: E1 U1 v

E2 U2 v gi k l t s ca my bin p ta c:
E1 N 1 U 1 I 2
k= =

=
E2 N 2 U 2 I 1
(2.4)
2.1.3

Cc phng trnh ca my bin p

- Phng trnh in p s cp:

U 1 = E 1 + R 1 I1 + jX 1 I1 = E 1 + Z1 I1

(2.5)
Trong

Z1: l tng tr phc ca dy qun s cp,

X1: l in khng tn s cp,
R1: in tr dy qun s cp,
- Phng trnh in p th cp:

U 2 E 2 - (R 2 I 2 jX 2 I1 ) E 2 - Z 2 I 2

(2.6)
Trong :

Z2: l tng tr phc ca dy qun th cp,

X2: l in khng tn th cp,
R2: in tr dy qun th cp,
- Phng trnh dng in:

'

I1 I 0 I 2

(2.7)
Trong

I 0 : l dng khng ti s cp
'

I 2 = I 2 /k : l dng th cp qui v s cp

2.1.4

Mch tng ng ca my bin p

2.1.4.1 Mch tng ng chnh xc

- in p s cp U1 sau khi b st p R1 I 1 qua in tr v jX 1 I1 qua in

khng tn s cp, cn li E 1

- E 1 qua my bin p l tng c t s k = N1/N2 ; bin thnh E 2 = E1/ k

- E 2 sau khi b st p R 2 I 2 qua in tr v jX 2 I 2 qua in khng tn th

cp, cn li U 2 cho ti.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

- Dng in s cp I 1 sau khi b mt i mt phn dng khng ti I 0 to

'

ra tn hao li thp v t thng; cn li I 2

'

'

I 2 qua my bin p l tng, bin thnh I 2 = k I 2

R1

jX1

N2

jX2

R2

N1

I2

I1

I0

IC

Im

jXmE 1

RC

U1

_-

I2

E2

_
_-

_-

U2

ZT

_-

Hnh 2.2 Mch tng ng chnh xc ca my bin p.

Mch tng ng chnh xc, qui v s cp.

2.1.4.2
,

t E 2 k E 2 E1
,

U2 k U2
,

I2 I2/ k
,

Z2 k 2 Z2
R ,2 k 2 R 2

X ,2 k 2 X 2

Z ,T k 2 Z T ; R ,T k 2 R T ; X ,T k 2 X T

Phng trnh 2.6 tr thnh:

,

, ,

, ,

U 2 E1 Z 2 I 2 Z T I 2

(2.8)
,

E 2 , U 2 , I 2 , Z 2 , Z T , c gi l sc in ng, in p, dng in, tng tr

dy qun v tng tr ti th cp quy v s cp.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

jX1

R1

jX ,2

R ,2

I1

I0

IC

U1

I2

Im

RC

jXm

U2

_
_

Z2

_Hnh 2.3 Mch tng ng chnh xc qui v s cp.

2.1.4.3 Mch tng ng gn ng qui v s cp

T hnh 2.3. V st p qua Z 1 nh nn E 1 U 1 v ta chuyn nhnh t ho

v ngun, trong : Rn = R1 + R2; Xn = X1 + X2; Zn = Rn + jXn ln lt l in tr,
cm khng v tng tr tng ng qui v s cp. u im ca mch ny l 3

nhnh u trc tip vo U 1 .

jXn

Rn
+

I1

U1

IC

RC

Im

I2

jXm

U2

Z2

_
_

_Hnh 2.4 Mch tng ng gn ng qui v s cp.

U1
Suy ra: Thnh phn tn hao li thp I C
RC

U1
Im
jX m

Thnh phn t ho

'

I2

Dng th cp qui v s cp

U1
'

ZT Zn

2.1.5 Ch khng ti ca my bin p

l ch m th cp h mch ( I 2 = 0), cn s cp c cung cp in

p U1. Mch thc t hnh 2.5a ; mch tng ng chnh xc hnh 2.5b

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

I2 0

I0

jX1

R1

I0

Im

RC

U1

U 20

U1

IC

jXm

_(b)

(a)

Hnh 2.5 Ch khng ti ca my bin p 1 pha.

Dng mch chnh xc hnh 2.5b, ta c cng thc khng ti:

U1
U1
I0
_
R 1 jX 1 (R C // jX m )
Z0

(2.9)

Cc c im ca ch khng ti:
- Dng khng ti: thng in tr tn hao li thp Rc v in khng t ho
Xm rt ln nn dng khng ti I0 rt nh so vi dng nh mc I1m.
- Tn hao khng ti: Cng sut P0 do my tiu th lc khng ti gm tn
hao li thp v tn hao ng s cp Pd2. V dng khng ti I0 nh nn tn hao
ng s cp Pd1 khng ng k. Theo mch hnh 2.5b, ta c:
E1 2 U 1 2
P0 = R1I02 + RCIC2 = R1I02 +

RC
RC
- H s cng sut khng ti:
Thng cos0 c gi tr nh v c tnh: cos =

IC

I0

GC
G B 2m
2
C

P0
U0 I 0

Hoc tnh theo P0, U1, I0: cos0 =

2.1.6 Ch ngn mch ca my bin p

l ch th cp ngn mch ( U 2 0 ), cn s cp c cung cp U 1 .

Mch thc t hnh 2.6a. V R2 v X2 rt nh so vi in tr tn hao li thp Rc v
'

in khng t ho Xm nn b qua nhnh t ho v cho Z 2 0 c mch tng

ng hnh 2.6b

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

I 1n

I 2n

jXn

Rn

U2 0

U1

U1
_

I n I1n I 2 n

_
(b)
(a)
Hnh 2.6 Ch ngn mch ca my bin p.
-

Phng trnh ca my bin p ngn mch:

U 1 I n (R n jX n ) I n Z n

(2.10)

Z n = Rn + jXn = Zn; Rn, Xn, Zn ln lt l tng tr phc ngn mch;

in tr ngn mch; in khng ngn mch v tng tr ngn mch ca my bin

p (thay cho ch ngn mch c th gi l tng ng qui v s cp).
U1
- Dng in ngn mch ca my bin p: In =
Zn
Nu U1 = U1m th In = 10 30 ln I1m, rt nguy him cho my bin p.
- Tn hao ngn mch: Cng sut Pn do my tiu th lc ngn mch l tn
hao ng trong hai dy qun:
Pn = P1 + P2 = R1I21n + R22n = RnI2n
- Tng tr, in tr, in khng ngn mch:
Un
Pn
Zn =
; Rn = 2 ; Xn= Z 2n R 2n
I1m
I 1m
Rn
Pn
- H s cng sut ngn mch: cos =
, hay cos =
Zn
U1 I n
2.1.7 Ch c ti ca my bin p
2.1.7.1

bin thin ca in p theo ti

Khi U1 = U1m v I2 = 0 th U2 = U2m. Khi ti thay i th U2 thay i theo

bin thin in p phn trm l:
U U2
100
U2% = 2 dm
U2
(2.11)
Hay in p phn trm c tnh theo cng thc
R I
X I
U2% = kt( n 1dm cos 2 n 1dm sin 2 ).100
U1dm
U1dm
(2.12)
Trong
kt = I2/I2m h s ti
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Rn: in tr ngn mch,

I1m: dng nh mc th cp, A
U1m: in p nh mc th cp, V
2: gc lch pha in p v dng in
Xn: in khng ngn mch,
2.1.7.2 c tuyn my bin p
l th U2 = f(I2) khi U1 = U1m v cos2 = const
U 2 %
)
Ta c U2 = U2m U2 = U2m(1100
(2.13)
T ta v c cc c tuyn ngoi (theo I2 hoc theo kt) ng vi cc
loi ti tr (2 = 0), ti cm (2 > 0) v ti dung (2 < 0)
Ti dung
U2m
Ti tr
U2

2.1.8

Ti cm

I2
I2m
Hnh 2.7 c tuyn ngoi ca my bin p.
Hiu sut my bin p

Gi P2 l cng sut my bin p pht cho ti v P1 = P2 +Pth l cng sut

nhn t ngun v l hiu sut ca my bin p:
k t Sdm cos 2
P
2
P1 k t Sdm cos 2 P0 k 2t Pn
(2.14)
P0: tn hao khng ti.
Pn: tn hao ngn mch.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Nu cos2 khng i, l hm s ca kt th ta c ng c tuyn hiu sut

my bin p:

max

0.5

P0
Pn

Hnh 2.8 c tuyn hiu sut my bin p 1 pha.

d
= 0. T cng thc 2.14, ta thy lc kt c gi tr
dk1
sao cho k2tPn = P0: ngha l tn hao ng bng tn hao li thp. H s ti lc hiu
sut cc i l:
Hiu sut cc i khi

kt

P0
Pn

(2.15)
Vi my trung bnh hoc ln, h s ti kt = 0.5 0.7 khi hiu sut cc i.
2. BI TP
Bi 1: Mt my bin p mt pha 50hz c t s bin i l 6 c in tr l 0,9 v
0,03; in khng l 5 v 0,13 tng ng vi phn dy qun cao th v h th.
Hy xc nh:
1. in p bn pha cao th khi pha hn th b ngn mch v dng in
ngn mch bng dng in ng vi ti nh mc l 200A.
2. H s cng sut khi ngn mch.
Bi 2: Mt my bin p 1 pha 75KVA; U1/U2 = 15/0,4KV; 50Hz; Pn= 1000W; P0
= 250W; Un% = 2,5%; I0% = 2%. Ti cm c mc vo th cp my bin p vi
cos2 = 0,8.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

1. Tnh in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun s cp v th cp (r 1, r2, x1,

x2), bit rng in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun th cp khi qui i
v s cp ln lt bng in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun s cp.
2. Nu xem mch in thay th ca my bin p l hnh T vi nhnh t ho
gm in tr rm v in khng xm mc ni tip nhau. Tnh rm, xm.
3. Tnh in p th cp ca my bin p khi n vn hnh vi cng sut ti l
50KVA.
4. Tnh cng sut ti my bin p vn hnh vi hiu sut ln nht. Hiu
sut lc ny l bao nhiu?
Bi 3: Mt my bin p 1 pha 30KVA, n p 6000/230V c in tr dy qun s
cp l 10 v dy qun th cp l 0,016. in khng ca my bin p tnh t
pha s cp l 34. Hy xc nh:
1. in p pha s cp khi dy qun th cp ngn mch v c dng in chy
qua bng tr s dng in nh mc.
2. thay i in p ca my bin p khi ti l 30KVA vi h s cng sut
cos = 0,8, dng in chm pha.
Bi 4: Mt my bin p mt pha 12 KVA, in p 220/440V, tn s 50Hz vi cc
s liu th nghim sau:
Th nghim khng ti: phn s cp: 220V; 2A; 165W.
Th nghim ngn mch: phn th cp: 12V; 15A; 60W.
1. V mch in thay th vi cc s liu qui i v pha h th.
2. Tnh in p th cp lc ti nh mc c cos2 = 0,8, dng in chm pha.
Bi 5: Mt my bin p mt pha 125 KVA, in p 2000/400V, tn s 50Hz vi
cc s liu th nghim sau:
Th nghim khng ti: 2000V; 1A; 165W phn cao th.
Th nghim ngn mch: phn th cp: 13V; 200A; 750W phn h th.
Hy tnh:

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

1. Dng in t ha v dng in tc dng lc khng ti ng vi in p v

tn s nh mc.
2. Hiu sut ca my ti nh mc ng vi cc h s cng sut cos2 = 1,
cos2 = 0,8 dng in chm pha, cos2 = 0,8 dng in sm pha.
3. in p dy qun th cp ti nh mc ng vi cos2 = 1, cos2 = 0,8
dng in chm pha, cos2 = 0,8 dng in sm pha.
Bi 6: Tnh ton hiu sut ca mt my bin p 100KVA ch ti, y ti v
1,25 ti tng ng vi:
1. H s cng sut cos = 1.
2. H s cng sut cos = 0,8 dng in chm pha.
Cho bit trc tn hao phn ng l 1000W ti ti nh mc v tn hao
thp l 1000W.
Bi 7: Mt my bin p 3 pha Y/Y-12 c thng s nh mc: Sm = 180KVA;
U1/U2 = 6/0,4KV; 50Hz; Pn= 4KW; P0 = 1KW; Un% = 5,5%; I0% = 6. Gi s r1 =
r2 v x1 = x2.
Hy v mch in thay th ca my bin p v tnh cc thnh phn ca in
p ngn mch.
Bi 8: Mt my bin p 3 pha c thng s nh mc: Sm = 6637KVA; U1/U2 =
35/10KV; Pn= 53,5KW; Un% = 8%.
1. Tnh zn, rn.
2. Gi s r1 = r2. Tnh in tr khng qui i ca dy qun th cp.
Bi 9: Mt my bin p 3 pha c thng s nh mc: Sm = 5600KVA; Pn=
57,5KW; Un% = 5,23%. Tnh:
1. Cc thnh phn ca in p ngn mch.
2. thay i in p khi my bin p lm vic ti nh mc vi
cos2 = 0,8.
Bi 10: Hai my bin p A v B c ni song song cung cp cho mt ti c
tng tr (2 + j1,5). Cc tng tr tng ng tnh pha cun dy th cp l (0,15
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

+ j0,5) v (0,1 + j0,6) tng ng vi my A v B. in p lc khng ti ca

my A l 207V v ca my B l 205V. Hy xc nh:
1. in p lc c ti.
2. Cng sut tiu th ca ti.
3. Cng sut u ra ca my bin p.
Bi 11: Cho ba my bin p lm vic song song vi cc s liu:
My 1: Sm1 = 1000KVA; U1m = 35KV; U2m = 6,3KV; Un% = 6,25; t ni
dy Y/-11.
My 2: Sm1 = 1800KVA; U1m = 35KV; U2m = 6,3KV; Un% = 6,6; t ni
dy Y/-11.
My 3: Sm1 = 2400KVA; U1m = 35KV; U2m = 6,3KV; Un% = 7; t ni
dy Y/-11.
Hy tnh:
1. Ti ca mi my bin p khi ti chung l 4500KVA.
2. Ti ln nht c th cung cp cho h dng in vi iu kin khng mt
my bin p no qu ti.
3. Gi s my 1 c php qu ti 20%, th ti chung ca cc my l bao
nhiu?
Bi 12: My bin p 3 pha c cc s liu nh sau: Sm = 1600KVA; U1/U2 =
20/10,5KV; Pn= 16,5KW; P0 = 3,65KW; Un% = 6,5%; I0% = 1,4%; cun dy u
/.
1. Tnh dng in nh mc, dng in khng ti, h s cng sut khng ti,
in p ngn mch, h s cng sut ngn mch.
2. Tnh h s bin p pha v dy ca my.
3. Tnh h s ti khi hiu sut l cc i.
4. Tnh hiu sut khi = 0,5; cos = 0,95 dng in chm pha.
5. Tnh bin thin in p khi = 0,75; cos = 0,95 dng in sm pha.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 13: Mt my bin p 3 pha c thng s nh mc: Sm = 2500KVA; U1/U2 =

35/15KV; 50Hz; Pn= 25KW; P0 = 5KW; Un% = 6,5%; I0% = 1,1%; cun dy u
/-11.
1. Tnh in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun s cp v th cp (r 1, r2, x1,
x2), bit rng in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun th cp khi qui i
v s cp ln lt bng in tr v in khng tn ca dy qun s cp.
2. Nu xem mch in thay th ca my bin p l hnh T vi nhnh t ho
gm in tr rm v in khng xm mc ni tip nhau. Tnh rm, xm.
3. Tnh in p dy ca my bin p khi n vn hnh vi ti cm c cng sut
2000KVA, cos = 0,8.
4. Tnh cng sut ti my bin p vn hnh hiu sut cc i. Hiu sut
lc ny l bao nhiu?
Bi 14: Mt my bin p 3 pha c thng s nh mc: Sm = 560KVA; U1/U2 =
22/0,4KV; 50Hz; Pn= 6,4KW; P0 = 1,25KW; Un% = 4%; I0% = 2%; cun dy u
/0-11; nhit mi trng 400C.
1. Tnh in tr v in khng tn ca cc cun dy r1 v r2; x1 v x2, bit
rng r1 = r2 v x1 = x2.
2. Nu s tng ng ca my bin p l hnh T, tnh thnh phn phn
khng v tc dng ca dng in khng ti khi b qua r1 v x1 v khi khng
b qua r1 v x1. So snh kt qu v nhn xt.
3. Tnh in p th cp khi my bin p mang ti c cng sut P2 = 360KW;
cos = 0,8; dng in chm pha.
4. Tnh tin in phi tr cho nh cung cp in khi my bin p trn vn hnh
vi cng sut ti tiu th nh cu 3c/ trong thi gian 2 gi, bit rng thit
b o m in nng mc pha cao p ca my bin th v n gi mua
in l 1000ng/KWh.
5. My bin p trn c mc song song vi my bin p S = 560KVA; U1/U2
= 22/0,4KV; 50Hz; Pn= 6,4KW; P0 = 1,25KW; Un% = 4%; I0% = 2%; cun
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

dy u /0-5; nhit mi trng 400C. Tnh dng in chy trong dy

qun th cp khi 2 my vn hnh khng ti. Nhn xt?
Bi 15: Mt my bin p 3 pha /-11 c thng s nh mc: Sm = 400KVA;
U1/U2 = 15/0,4KV; 50Hz; Pn= 4KW; P0 = 1,2KW; Un% = 5,5%; I0% = 4%. Hy
xc nh:
1. s mch in thay th ca my bin p khi cho rng r1 = r2 v x1 = x2.
2. V gin vect biu don tng quan gia cc sc in ng trn cc
cun dy s cp v th cp.
3. in p U2 ca my bin p ti bng 3/4 cng sut nh mc, cos2 = 0,8,
dng in sm pha.
4. Hiu sut % ca my bin p ti bng cng sut nh mc, cos2 =
0,75, dng in chm pha.
Bi 16: My bin p 3 pha / c S = 5600KVA; U1/U2 = 35/6,6KV; Pn= 57KW;
P0 = 18,5KW; Un% = 7,5%; I0% = 4,5%.
1. Xy dng s thay th y ca my bin p, bit rng r1 = r2 v x1 =
x2.
2. Xc nh h s cos th nghim khng ti v ngn mch.
3. Xc nh in p th cp my bin p ti nh mc v cos2 = 0,9,
dng in chm pha.
4. Xc nh h s ti my bin p sao cho hiu sut my bin p l cc i,
tnh hiu sut ny cos2 = 0,9.
Bi 17: My bin p 3 pha /0 c thng s nh mc: S = 630KVA; U1/U2 =
22/0,4KV; Pn= 8KW; P0 = 1,6KW; Un% = 5,5%; I0% = 3%.
1. Hy xy dng s thay th y ca my bin p, bit rng r 1 = r2 v
x1 = x2.
2. Hy xc nh thay i in p ca my bin p ti nh mc v cos2
= 0,8 dng in chm pha.
3. Hy xc nh hiu sut % ca my bin p ti nh mc v cos2 = 0,8.
Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 18:
My bin p 3 pha c cng sut nh mc: Sm = 300 kVA; in p U1/U2 =
5/1 kV; s ni dy /Y-5, tn s f=50Hz, in p ngn mch phn trm Un =
4,8% vi thnh phn tc dng ca in p ngn mch phn trm U n l Unr = 1,8%.
Pha th cp (h p) ca my bin p mang ti vi dng in l 1,2.I2m h s
cng sut cos = 0,9 (dng in tr pha).
Xc nh:
a) S dng dy N1, N2, nu my bin p c gi tr (in p/vng dy) l U v = 6,8
V/vng dy v gi tr t thng cc i m?
b) Dng nh mc s cp v th cp?
c) Hiu sut ca my khi lm vic ti ni trn, bit c tn tht st l pFe =
0,026.Sm, gi s in tr dy qun s cp v in tr dy qun th cp qui i v
dy qun s cp l bng nhau (r1=r2)?
d) Tn tht nh mc pm trong cc dy qun v h s cng sut cosn, khi lm
th nghim ngn mch?
e) V gin vect, cho thy mi tng quan v gc pha gia cc in p dy
pha s cp v in p dy pha th cp, ng vi s ni dy /Y-5 nh trn?
Bi 19: Mt my bin p mt pha cng sut Sm = 12 KVA, in p U1/U2 =
220/440V, tn s fm = 50Hz, dng in khng ti I0% = 3,7, tn hao khng ti P0
= 165W, in p ngn mch Un% = 5, tn hao ngn mch Pn = 360W. Gi s r1 =
r2 (in tr dy qun s cp bng in tr dy qun th cp qui i) v x1 = x2
(in khng dy qun s cp bng in khng dy qun th cp qui i). Th cp
my bin p c ni vi ti cm c h s cng sut cos2 = 0,8.
a) V s thay th ca my bin p, xc nh cc thng s mch.
b) Xc nh in p th cp khi my bin p hot ng vi ti nh mc.
c) Tnh hiu sut my bin p ti nh mc.
d) Tnh hiu sut cc i ca my bin p.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Bi 20: Cho mt my bin p 1 pha 10KVA 200/400V 50Hz vi cc kt qu

c c t cc th nghim nh sau:
Th nghim khng ti: 200V; 1,3A; 120W phn s cp.
Th nghim ngn mch: 22V; 30A; 200W phn th cp.
a Tnh dng in t ha v thnh phn tc dng ca dng in khng ti.
b Tnh tng tr ca li thp mch t.
c Xc nh ti ng vi hiu sut ca my bin p cc i v tm gi tr ca hiu
sut ng vi cos = 1.
Bi 21: My bin p 3 pha - Y 11, 40 kVA, 10000V/400V, 50 Hz, tn hao
khng ti P0 = 0,195 kW, dng khng ti i0% = 4 (dng khng ti bng 4% dng
nh mc), tn hao ngn mch Pn = 1,1 kW, in p ngn mch Un% = 4,5; gi tr
bin cm ng t trong li thp Bm = 1,67 T. Tnh:
a/ cos0 v cosn khi khng ti v khi ngn mch.
b/ in tr tng ng v in khng tng ng (R1 + R2), (X1 + X2). R2 v
X2 ln lt l in tr v cm khng tn ca dy qun th cp qui i v s
cp.
c/ in p trn mi vng dy uvng (bng in p nh mc ca dy qun chia cho
s vng dy), s vng dy s cp N1 v th cp N2, cho bit tit din li thp St =
65,4 cm2.
d/ in tr dy qun s cp R1, cho bit chiu di trung bnh 1 vng dy l1 = 0,567
m, tit din ca dy in t s cp s1 = 0,503 mm2 v in tr sut = 0,024
.m
e/ Tit din ca dy in t s cp s2, nu nh mt dng trong dy qun s cp
v th cp l nh nhau.
f/ in tr dy qun th cp R2.
Bi 22: My bin p mt pha c cc s liu sau: 230V/24V; 50 Hz; 630VA; 11,2
kg

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

a/ Tng cc tn tht khi lm vic ti ti nh mc l 54,8 W. Tnh hiu sut ca

my khi mang ti nh mc 2 trng hp: cos2 = 1,0 v cos2 = 0,3?
b/ Tnh dng in nh mc dy qun th cp I2m?
c/ Cho bit cc tn tht khng ti (tn hao st) l 32,4 W. Tnh tn tht ng ti
nh mc? Tnh Rs, l tng in tr cc dy qun s cp v dy qun th cp khi
quy i v dy qun th cp?
d/ in p ri trn dy qun th cp khi ph ti nh mc lm vic cos2 = 0,6
(tnh cm) l 3,5% ca in p nh mc U2m (U2m = 24 V). Tnh Xs, l tng in
khng tn t cc dy qun s cp v dy qun th cp khi qui i v dy qun th
cp?
Bi 23: Mt my bin p 3 pha 3 tr , u Y/ - 11 c thng s Sm = 180 kVA;
U1m = 10 kV; U2m = 0,23 kV; fm = 50 Hz; P0 = 1,5 kW; i0% = 5%; Pn = 4 kW;
un% = 5,5%; tit din ngang mi trc thp F = 100 cm2; bin t cm trong li
thp Bm = 1,4 T. Hy xc nh:
a/ S vng dy mi pha s cp W1 v th cp W2?
b/ in tr v in khng tn mi pha s cp v th cp?
c/ in p v cng sut cung cp cho ti thun tr u Y i xng c in tr mi
pha R = 0,4?
Bi 24: Mt my bin p 3 pha 3 tr , u Y/ - 11 c thng s Sm = 180 kVA;
U1m = 10 kV; U2m = 0,23 kV; fm = 50 Hz; P0 = 1,5 kW; i0% = 5%; Pn = 4 kW;
un% = 5,5%; tit din ngang mi trc thp F = 80 cm2. Hy xc nh:
a/ S vng dy mi pha dy qun cao p v h p bin t cm trong li thp
khng vt qu Bm = 1,6 T?
b/ Tit din dy qun cao p v h p mt dng khng vt qu 3 A/mm2?
c/ in tr v in khng mi pha dy qun?
Bi 25: Mt my bin p 1 pha 5kVA, 500/100V c th v cho cc kt qu sau:
-

Hiu sut cc i khi my pht 3kVA.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng

L thuyt v bi tp my in 1

Khi a in p 100V vo pha h p v h mch pha cao p th my tiu

th 100W v ly dng 3A.

Tnh hiu sut khi my mang ti nh mc vi cos = 0,8 tr.

Bi 26: Mt my bin p 1 pha 25kVA, 440/220V, 60Hz c th v cho cc kt
qu sau:
-

Th khng ti: H mch pha cao p, gn dng c o pha h p. Kt qu:

220V; 9,6A; 710W.

Th ngn mch: Ngn mch pha h p, gn dng c o pha cao p. Kt

qu: 42V; 57A; 1030W.

V v xc nh cc thng s mch tng ng chnh xc quy v s cp.

Bi 27: Ba my bin p mt pha 100kVA, 19.000/220V c u li thnh mt t
my bin p ba pha - v pht cng sut nh mc cho mt ti ba pha c cos =
0,866 tr. Chn UAB (pha cao p) lm gc pha. Hy tnh p pha, p dy, dng pha,
dng dy (phc) pha cao p.
Bi 28: Mt my bin p 3 pha 150kVA, /, c in p [dy] s cp 4160V,
in p [dy] th cp 240V. Xc nh:
a/ T s vng dy W1[s c]/W2[th cp].
b/ Dng in s cp, gi tr pha v gi tr dy?
c/ Dng in th cp, gi tr pha v gi tr dy?
Bi 29: My bin p 1 pha 150kVA, 2400/240V, 50Hz c cc s liu th nghim
sau:
Th nghim khng ti, in p h p nh mc a vo dy qun th cp: U0 =
240V, I0 = 16,75A, P0 = 580W.
Th nghim ngn mch, dy qun th cp (in p thp) ni ngn mch, in p
h thp c a vo dy qun s cp: Un = 63V, In = 62,5A, Pn = 1660W. Tnh:
a/ Hiu sut ca my bin p ti nh mc, h s cos ca ti = 0,8 tr.
b/ Hiu sut ca my bin p ti nh mc, h s cos ca ti = 0,6 tr.

Bin son: L Vnh Trng