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NH VN TING ANH
50 QUY TC
NH VN V C TING ANH
c trch t PHNG PHP HC NH VN TING ANH
nghin cu v ging dy: Nguyn Ngc Nam
LU :
Quy tc ny s khng hiu qu v thc s hu ch nu bn ch cn c hiu
bit t vng;
N cng khng gip g cho bn nu bn ngh bn c ting Anh nh hin ti l
n ri, khng cn chnh sa thm g na;
N hon ton v dng nu bn ch ch tm vo hc Ng php.
Ni chung, cc quy tc ny s tht s v b nu bn ch download v ri b
y. Khng c, khng nghin cu, khng p dng.
Ting Vit cng l mt ngn ng gc Latin nn c rt nhiu m tng ng vi
ting Anh, bn khng nn cu k, t lm kh mnh hc theo cc sch v Video
hng dn trn mng. Rt nhiu Clip h lm ra hng dn cho ngi hc
ting Anh trn ton th gii. V trn th gii c nhiu ngn ng c nhng m
rt khc bit nn h cn hng dn chi tit.
CNH BO:
Cc quy tc ny l mt phn trong h thng Quy tc nh vn ting Anh, bao
gm: Sch hc nh vn ting Anh, cc bui o to ca kha hc nh vn
ting Anh. N b sung kin thc gip bn rt nhiu nu bn , ang v s hc
Pht m ting Anh hoc tht s mun c ting Anh. Tuy nhin, chng c
trnh by theo tnh lit k, khng mang tnh h thng.
V bn ng k Email nhn cc quy tc ny, nn mnh coi y l mt c
quyn ca ring bn. Do , bn vui lng khng forward (chuyn tip), khng
share (chia s), khng pht tn (post) ln cc din n, mng x hi cc Quy
tc ny.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
Khng phi quy tc no trong 49 Quy tc ny cng gip bn c chun ht
100% s t, c ngha l vn cn mt s t t ngoi l (exceptions) m ngay c
ngi bn ng cng phi chp nhn.
CCH VN DNG CC QUY TC:
S dng kin thc ting Anh c, vn dng cc quy tc nh vn tp vit phin m
v c ting Anh.
Sau dng phn mm t in kim tra li xem mnh t c th c ging cha, ang vit
phin m th l ng hay sai.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 1:
[S m tit ca t]
m s nguyn m bit mt t c bao nhiu m tit.
-
T c 1 m tit: bat
T c 2 m tit: batman
T c 3 m tit: superman
T c 4 m tit: cameraman
QUY TC S 2:
[Nhn bit s m tit ca nhng t c m e ng cui]
Nhng t c m e ng cui v trc m e khng phi l ph m [L], khng coi m e
l mt m tit ca t.
-
T c 1 m tit: late
T c 2 m tit: climate
T c 3 m tit: estimate
T c 4 m tit: certificate
QUY TC S 3:
[T c m le ng cui]
Nhng t c m le ng cui, m e vn c coi l mt m tit ca t.
-
T c 2 m tit: table
T c 3 m tit: article
T c 4 m tit: accessible
QUY TC S 4:
[Th no l nguyn m i, nguyn m di?]
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NH VN TING ANH
Nguyn m i l nhng m khi vit phin m ra c hai nguyn m ng cnh nhau.
-
Nguyn m di:
-
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NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 6:
[Cch c nguyn m i v nguyn m di]
-
QUY TC S 7
[Cch c t mt m tit dng ogue]
C 4 quy tc nh trong quy tc ny:
-
y l t c mt m tit;
m [o] lun c thnh nguyn m i /ou/
Vit phin m s b m [ue] i.
Gi li ph m [g] khi c v vit phin m.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 9:
[Nhn dng ph m]
Cc ph m lun PHI thay i khi vit phin m v c ting Anh(tr mt s m
cm silent sound)
Bao gm: c, j, q, x, y (bn nguyn m), ch, sh.
QUY TC S 10:
[Nhn dng ph m]
Cc ph m lun C TH HOC GI NGUYN khi vit phin m v c ting Anh(tr
mt s m cm silent sound)
Bao gm: d, g, s, t.
QUY TC S 11:
[Cch c cc m khng nhn trng m]
c vi ging i xung, nhanh v lt (khng ln cao nh a s ngi hc ting Anh hin
nay ang c.
QUY TC S 12:
[Cch c t hai m tit c dng nguyn m o + 1 ph m + us]
-
V d: focus /fouks/
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 13:
[Cch c t hai m tit c dng nguyn m a + 1 ph m + us]
-
V d: gradus /greids/
QUY TC S 14:
[Cch c t hai m tit c dng nguyn m i + 1 ph m + us]
-
V d: minus /mains/
QUY TC S 15 & 16:
[Cch c nhng t c 3 m tit tr ln v c ui l "OGUE"]
D cho bn hc pht m (pronunciation) t nm ny qua nm khc, d cho bn bit pht
m ht all cc ph m, nguyn m nhng khng bit cch nhn dng th cng khng c
nhiu tc dng, bn vn phi tra t in tng t, tng t **
C 3 quy tc lin quan n nhng t kt thc bng "OGUE"
1. Trng m: Nhng t c ui "ogue" c trng m cch "ogue" mt m tit.
V d: Catalogue
(Trng m s ri vo m 1, m [a])
2. Cch c ui "OGUE"
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
C ui "ogue" s vit phin m thnh /g/ (c ngha l khi c v vit phin m s b m
UE ng cui, m // c vi v tr ming m rng nht c th (ging nh ang ngp)
nhng c vi ging i xung v n l m khng c nhn trng m).
>> Lu : Khi ni khng b st ph m /g/ ng cui t.
3. Cch c m c nhn trng m th ph thuc vo mi t khc nhau, v n lin quan
n quy tc c nguyn m c nhn trng m (Chng ta c th c sch Hc nh vn
ting Anh hiu r v thnh thc quy tc ny).
T nhng quy tc trn, chng ta s t c c rt nhiu cc t tng t nh:
catalogue, dialogue, analogue, apologue, dialogue, dialog, monologue, sinologue,
y chnh l nguyn l hc nh vn ting Anh, khng ch l pht m, m cn hiu ti sao
li pht m nh vy.
y l cch hc 1, bit 10.
Hc 1 ln, s dng mi mi.
QUY TC S 17 & 18:
[Chia on v nhn trng m ca cu]
Khi hc, bn khng nn c gng hc tht nhiu. Hy chia nh ra v hc c nim vui,
ng c nhi nht qu nhiu.
V d, mi ngy bn c th p dng cc quy tc nh vn, c v ni phn tch quy tc
cch c mt cu ting Anh.
V d c th:
"The Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) has revised its decision on prohibiting
preschools to organize foreign language classes."
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NH VN TING ANH
Quy tc chung:
Khng ngt ngh gia cu theo cm tnh, theo di, khe ca hi th.
Khng thch g ni ny.
Khi c ln phi to c cao thp ca ging, c trm bng.
Chia on:
Cu trn c th chia thnh 4 on nh bn di.
The Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) // has revised its decision // on prohibiting
preschools // to organize foreign language classes."
Trng m ca mi on:
Cn li cc t khc c vi ging i xung, nhanh v lt: the, of, an, has, to, on, to.
** Chi tit cc quy tc bn c th tham kho cun sch Hc nh vn ting Anh
QUY TC S 19:
C mt iu khc bit khi hc theo phng php nh vn ting Anh, l bn phi vit
c phin m ca cc t ting Anh. N khng ging vi cc cch hc khc m bn
tng hc: Phi xem t in bit phin m, thm ch xem t in ri vn khng bit nn
c nh th no.
Ging nh bn hc ting Vit, bn phi tp vit rt nhiu khi bt u hc ch. Sau mt
thi gian bn quen ri, khi ni bt k t no bn cng bit t c vit nh th no.
Vi phin m ting Anh, bn cng ch cn tp vit phin m trong khong 15 ngy u
tin. Khi cc bn quen vi cch nhn trng m, phin m, bn c th ni gn nh tt
c cc t ting Anh thoi mi vi hnh nh phin m trong u.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
Nu bn khng bit bt u t u, bn c th xem hnh nh bn di bit Quy trnh
khi vit phin m ca mt t ting Anh.
10
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
2. Quy tc c m c nhn trng m: /a/ ngay trc /io, ia, ie, iu/ c thnh /ei/
>>> AVIATION /,eiv'ein/
* Nu nhn thy mt ch, mt on, mt bi bo bng ting Anh m bn khng dm c,
c ngha l bn cha bit c.
** Nu bn c 1 t ting Anh m khng hiu ti sao mnh li c nh vy, c ngha l
bn cha bit c.
*** Nu bn c 1 t ting Anh, ngi khc bo bn c sai trong khi bn thn bn cng
khng chc l mnh ang c sai hay ng, c ngha l bn cha bit c.
**** Nu bn nghe ngi khc c 1 t ting Anh, bn khng bit h c ng hay sai, c
ngha l bn cha bit c.
***** Nu bn c th c hiu ting Anh, nhng khng hng dn (dy) c cho ngi
khc cch c mt t ting Anh, c ngha l bn cha bit c.
>> Hc ting Vit 1 nm bit c, nhng hc ting Anh 10 nm cha bit c, c ngha l
bn ANG HC KHNG NG CCH hoc BN C DY KHNG NG CCH.
Hi vng bn khng trong cc trng hp trn.
QUY TC S 22:
[Cch c nhng t c ui l ible]
Bn lm th no c c t incredible hoc impossible nu khng c t in bn
cnh?
Nu bn bit n phng php hc nh vn ting Anh hoc tng hc nh vn ting
Anh th bn hiu mun c chun nhng t nh trn cn phi bit TRNG M.
Quy tc c c nhng t c dng ny l xc nh trng m s ng ngay trc
ible (Trong ting Anh c hn 100 t c ui l ible)
V ui ible s c vit phin m l /ibl/ hoc /bl/.
2nd floor, No 1 Hoang Dao Thuy St, Hanoi
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11
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
By gi bn s thoi mi c c cc t nh di y:
terrible
tangible
sensible
reversible
permissible
perfectible
frangible
evincible
12
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NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 24:
[Cch c t Selfie - t ca nm 2013]
T ny c nhn trng m m th nht /'sel/
m th hai khng c nhn trng m nn c vi ging i xung /fi/ (ging nh c du
huyn ca ting Vit).
=> /'SEL fi/ (khng nn c m /sel/ v /fi/ vi cao ngang nhau)
<<m c nhn trng m khi c cn phi m cc yu t: m lng to, hi di v
ging c cao>>
QUY TC S 25 & 26:
[p dng quy tc nh vn c tn ngi]
Bao gm quy tc trng m & quy tc c nguyn m
p dng cc quy tc nh vn v c tn cc Din vin nh lu hn, t d dng
hn khi c cc t ting Anh khc.
u tin l Din vin Leonardo DiCaprio
Mnh s chia ra lm 2 phn:
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
/,li'ndou/.
>> Phn 2: Di Caprio
-
/d 'kprou/.
T hai phn trn, cc quy tc ny s c p dng vo nhiu t khc nhau. VD: hero,
Unesco, cardio...
QUY TC S 27:
[Quy tc c t CONAN]
Bn c thch truyn tranh thm t lng danh Conan?
Vy t Conan s c c nh th no? C phi l C nan nh ting Vit?
>> T c 2 m tit, m O + 1 ph m + AN th [O] c thnh /ou/ (khng phi "" hay "o").
=> Conan /'kounn/.
By gi p dng quy tc trn thoi mi c cc t khc tng t nh: slogan, Roman,
v nhiu t khc...
Exception ca quy tc ny: woman /'wumn/.
QUY TC S 28 & 29:
[Quy tc c t Coca-Cola]
Bao gm quy tc trng m v cch c nguyn m
Bn c bit khi ni ting Anh, t Coca - Cola s c ni nh th no khng?
2nd floor, No 1 Hoang Dao Thuy St, Hanoi
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14
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
(Mt iu d nhin, nu bn ni nh ting Vit C ca, C la th ngi khc vn hiu)
Nhng cch hc nh vn l bit v hiu cch c 1 t t bit c ht cc t khc
tng t.
Vy quy tc l g?
T c hai m tit, c cu to t l O + 1 ph m + A ng cui th m [O] s c thnh
/ou/ (khng phi l m "" trong ting Vit).
=> T Coca - Cola s c thnh /'kouk - 'koul/
By gi th cc t tng t s c c ht bng cch p dng quy lut trn:
coda, coma, Doha, dona, sofa, soda, quota, zola....
v nhiu t khc na.
QUY TC S 30 & 31:
[Cch c t hai m tit v c ui dng i + ph m + le]
Mnh s gp hai quy tc ring l vo y bn d hnh dung, v chng c s lin h vi
nhau.
Ti sao 2 t "little" (nh) v "title" (tiu ) li khng c ging nhau?
Ti sao lc vit phin m, hai t ny u vit mt ch "t", vy t "little" c hai ch "t"
lm g?
Khng phi ngu nhin t "little" li c 2 ch /t/ m khng vit thnh "litle". V nu little vit
thnh "litle" th t s phi c thnh /'laitl/.
V trong ting Anh, s c quy tc c nh sau:
>> T 2 m tit, c cu to m [i] + 1 ph m + le th m [i] s c thnh /ai/.
Do t "title" theo quy tc trn s c thnh /'taitl/.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
Cn t little c cu to m [i] + 2 ph m + le (khng nm trong quy tc trn) nn m [i]
vn c l /i/.
Nn t little s c thnh /'litl/.
T s c c cc t khc tng t nm trong quy tc trn.
QUY TC S 32 & 33:
[Cch c t hai m tit v c ui dng a + ph m + le]
Bn ngh 2 t "gabble" (ni lp bp) v "gable" (ct chng) nhn kh ging nhau ny s
c ging hay khc nhau?
Lm cch no bit c cch c?
Liu hc pht m xong c c c hai t ny khng?
Hc pht m l hc cch pht m cc nguyn m, ph m, cch t v tr li, mi nhng
chc chn khng gip bn t c c hai t trn v KHNG HIU ti sao li c nh
vy.
Vi cch hc nh vn ting Anh, hc theo quy tc nhn dng:
-
16
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
canal
career /kri?)
create /krist?)
creative
crisis /'krisis?)
QUY TC S 35:
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
8. postpone (nhiu kiu sai)
9. prefix (prefs)
10. pronoun (nhiu kiu sai khc nhau, kh lit k ht)
11. purpose (100% nhng ngi mnh gp c sai t ny)
QUY TC S 37:
[Li sai khi c cc t ting Anh]
Cc t ca ngy hm nay bt u bng ch ci M. Trong ngoc l du trng m ca t.
Phn ny nhc nh bn mun c c 1 t ting Anh chun xc, cn phi bit r trng
m.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
mailbox (trng m m 1)
mature (m 2)
minor (m 1)
minus (m 1)
museum (m 2)
media (trng m vo m /e/)
multimedia (trng m chnh vo m /e/)
QUY TC S 38:
[Quy tc c nhng t c ui l eral]
Ti sao ai hc ting Anh cng ku l lu lm khng hc, mt gc qu.
Mi ln i hc ting Anh li thy nh mi l sao? v.v....
Nhng cu hi hu nh ai hc ting Anh cng mc phi v khng bit lm cch no
gii quyt n.
Mu cht l bn u c c o to t gc u m mt. N ging nh vic xy nh t
nc, nn lun cm thy bt an, lo lng v kin thc ting Anh ca bn thn.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
Khng bit c m i hc dch ting Anh, khng bit c nhng li hc vit...th nn sau
mi ln hc li nh mi.
Khng gi chn hn vic hc ting Anh m khng bit c
Khng g ho hng vic hc ting Anh m bi bo, sch, truyn no cng bit c, cu
no cng bit ni.
"Two countries work to boost bilateral relations"
Cu trn l title ca mt bi bo. Thng thng a s cc t bn s bit c, tuy nhin
cng rt nhiu ngi hc ting Anh khng bit nn c t "bilateral" nh th no, v
khng chc c nh th l ng hay l sai.
T "bilateral" c quy tc nhn dng trng m: Vi nhng t c cha "eral" ng cui
cng, trng m s ri vo m ngay trc "eral" => Trng m ri vo nguyn m /a/.
Nguyn m /a/ s c thnh // (cn ti sao l m // th quy tc nhn dng theo s
nh vn ting Anh kh l di, rt kh mnh c th trnh by y c).
Nhng m cn li khng c nhn trng m, c thnh //.
=> /b'ltrl/
Th l xong ri, ch cn quy tc nh vy t c c v quan trng l nh c mt
ch ca t rt lu. (cn ngha t vng th nn tra ngha theo ng cnh ca cu th d nh
hn).
T quy tc trn, p dng c c thm khong 50 t ting Anh c "eral" ng cui.
Quy tc ny th hi khim tn, hc 1 ch bit c c c 50 t thi bn nh.
QUY TC S 39:
[Quy tc nhn dng ph m s]
Thng thng, nhiu ngi hc ting Anh thy t c cha /s/ s c l /s/ m thc t
khng phi nh vy.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
T c cu to nh sau:
Nguyn m + S + [u, ia, io] th /s/ c thnh //.
V d: Asia, decistion, vision, division, confusion, television, measure, pleasure, usual
/jul/...
QUY TC S 40 & 41:
[Quy tc nhn dng trng m v cch c nhng t c ui itive]
Trong ting Anh, ch c 40 t c ui /itive/, thay v bn phi i tra t in 40 ln (gi d l
bn s gp 40 t ) hoc thay v bn c theo kiu tung ng xu xc sut 50-50 th
ch cn quy tc ny, bn s t c c c 40 t chnh xc.
T c ui [itive]: c l /tiv/
Vi nhng t c itive ng cui cng, trng m s ri vo m tit ng ngay trc
itive.
V d: t competitive, trng m ngay trc itive nn s ri vo m /pe/, nn phin m
ca t ny l /kmpettiv/.
By gi bn bit c 39 t cn li vi cch lm tng t. V d:
acquisitive
additive
cognitive
competitive
QUY TC S 42:
[Quy tc c m /X/ khi X nm trong m tit c nhn trng m]
Khi hc ting Anh, theo thi quen a s u c m EX thnh
Bn th xem quy tc nhn dng di y, bn s thy ni ting Anh rt d.
/iks/.
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 43 & 44:
[Quy tc c m /X/ khi X nm trong m tit khng c nhn trng m]
Nu m /ex/ khng c nhn trng m, c hai trng hp:
Khi /x/ ng gia hai nguyn m: c thnh /ig'z/.
VD: example /igzmpl/, exact /igzkt/.
Khi /x/ ng gia ph m & nguyn m: c thnh /ik's/.
VD: explain /iksplein/, excite /iksait/
QUY TC S 45:
[Quy tc c m /X/ khi X nm cui t]
Khi /X/ ng cui t: X lun c c thnh /ks/.
V d: fax /fks/, fix /fiks/, box /bks/, inbox /inbks/.
QUY TC S 46:
[Quy tc c m ur]
Vi nhng t c cha m UR c nhn trng m.
Nu UR + Ph m hoc ng cui th UR c l /r/.
Nu UR + Nguyn m th UR c l /ju/.
Do nu bn gp t c cha UR m ni m thnh /u/ th s khng ng.
N ch c php nm trong 2 m trn.
V d: urban, urination, urge, Uruguay, security (Cc bn nn check t in so snh vi
quy tc trn)
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
QUY TC S 47:
[Quy tc c nhng t c cha m IR].
Vi nhng t c cha m IR c nhn trng m.
Nu IR + Ph m hoc ng cui th IR c l /r/.
Nu IR + Nguyn m th IR c l /ai/.
Do nu bn gp t c cha IR m ni m thnh /i/ hoc /ai/ th s sai.
N ch nm trong 2 m trn.
V d: Shirt, firm, sir, expire, fire, desire...
QUY TC S 48 & 49:
[Quy tc c nhng t c cha m ER].
Thng thng mi ngi hc ting Anh ni theo kiu hn xui, hn th trng, xui th khng
ng. Vi quy tc ny, hi vng s gip c cc bn phn nh trong qu trnh hc ting
Anh.
Khi cc bn bit c m /ER/ C NHN TRNG M, cc bn nhn vo pha sau m
ER.
Nu sau ER l ph m th ER s lun c l /r/ (mt s t in l : hoc :) (m
ny l m kh, cch c m ny bn c th xem trn mng c rt nhiu).
Nu sau ER l [ia, ie, io, iu] th ER s lun c l /ir/ (hoc l /i/).
Ch cn nh ghi ch trn l bn s c c ht cc t khi bn bit m ER c nhn
trng m. VD nh service, nervous, interior, exterior, inferiority.
QUY TC S 50:
B ht t duy c ting Anh theo mt ch, theo phn on, theo cch c ca bn b.
2nd floor, No 1 Hoang Dao Thuy St, Hanoi
Tel: 04.6670 00 22 Hotline: 0916 876 836 Email: info@enpro.vn
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HC VIN NGHIN CU V O TO
NH VN TING ANH
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c mi thc s hiu qu.
Tham kho thng tin kha hc nh vn ting Anh gip bn t vit phin m, c cc t
ting Anh chnh xc khng cn t in; ni cc cu ting Anh c ng iu mt m v tri
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Nu bn mun tm hiu k hn v cch s dng cc quy tc hoc c ch no khng hiu, hoc
mun ng gp kin vui lng lin h:
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