GOVERNMENT WOMEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

AJMER.

A PROJECT REPORT ON

ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM

Submitted to:

Submitted by:

Mr. SAURABH MAHESHWARI

PINKY PALIWAL

(Asst. Prof. Computer Science Engg.)

MALIKA VIJAY
KAMNA JAIN
NIDHI KACCHAWA

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this report embodies the original work done by PINKY PALIWAL, KAMNA
JAIN, MALIKA VIJAY, NIDHI KACCHAWA, during this project submission as a partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the minor project in the VII Semester (Information Technology), of the
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota.

Dr. M. M. Sharma
(Principal)

Mr. Saurabh Maheshwari

(Asst. Prof. Computer Science Engineering )

Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer

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Acknowledgement

If words are considered as a symbol of approval and token of appreciation then, let the words
play the heralding role expressing my gratitude.
The satisfaction that accompanies that the successful completion of any task would be
incomplete without the mention of people whose ceaseless cooperation made it possible,
whose constant guidance and encouragement crown all efforts with success.
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to our university teachers for their support and
guidance, which they rendered throughout the study. It would not have been possible to
accomplish this without their thoughtful guidance and expertise.
I would like to thank Mr. SAURABH MAHESHWARI for his continuous guidance, without whose
support, it would not be possible for us to complete the task.

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Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Software Development and Methodology ..........................................................................................7
2.1 System Development Life-Cycle.......................................................................................................... 7
Preliminary Analysis: ............................................................................................................................. 8
Systems analysis, requirements definition: .......................................................................................... 8
Systems design: ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Development......................................................................................................................................... 8
Integration and testing: ........................................................................................................................ 8
Planning & Analysis............................................................................................................................9
3.1 Project Planning .................................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 Feasibility Study ................................................................................................................................ 10
Requirement analysis and specification ............................................................................................ 12
4.1 User Characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Features: ........................................................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Constraints: .......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 Benefits: ............................................................................................................................................ 14
4.5 External Interface Requirements: ..................................................................................................... 14
System Design ................................................................................................................................. 16
5.1 Design Strategy ................................................................................................................................. 16
Three-tier architecture........................................................................................................................ 16
Presentation tier ................................................................................................................................. 17
Application tier (business logic, logic tier, data access tier, or middle tier) ....................................... 17
Data tier .............................................................................................................................................. 17
5.2 Data-flow Diagram ............................................................................................................................ 18
1st Level DFD ........................................................................................................................................ 18
2nd Level DFD ....................................................................................................................................... 19
3rd Level DFD ....................................................................................................................................... 20
5.3 Entity Relationship Diagram........................................................................................................... 21
Coding ............................................................................................................................................. 22
6.1 Introduction to MySql ....................................................................................................................... 22
PHP + MySql ........................................................................................................................................ 22
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Queries ................................................................................................................................................ 22
Open a Connection to the MySQL Server ........................................................................................... 22
Syntax: ................................................................................................................................................. 22
6.2 Database Design................................................................................................................................ 23
Tables in MySql: .................................................................................................................................. 24
Testing............................................................................................................................................. 26
UNIT TESTING .......................................................................................................................................... 27
MODULE LEVEL TESTING ......................................................................................................................... 27
INTEGRATION & SYSTEM TESTING .......................................................................................................... 27
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 28

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Introduction

Online Exam System is a full-fledged system which is beneficial for both teachers and students.
With this site, Administrator can allow authorized entry of users which includes faculties and
students.
Faculties are the one who register on the site and conduct timed exams in their respective
courses. They can add questions in the test by selecting the available settings.
The tests added by faculties are available to students who can attempt the test and get score
then and there. Thus the purpose of the site is to provide a system that saves the efforts and
time of both the teachers and the students.
Online Exam System is a web application that establishes a network between the faculties and
the students. Faculties enter on the site the questions they want in the exam. These questions
are displayed as a test to the eligible students. The answers enter by the students are then
evaluated and their score is calculated and saved. This score then can be accessed by the
faculties and administrator to evaluate their performance.
Online Exam System provides the platform but does not directly participate in, nor is it involved
in any tests conducted. Questions are posted not by the site, but users of the site.
The administrator keeps an eye on the overall functioning of the system which includes how
many users are using the site, how many tests are added by which faculty, how many students
have given those tests and view the score of any student.
The system entitled Online Exams System is application software, which aims at providing
services to the institutes and providing them with an option of selecting the eligible students by
themselves.

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1.1 Purpose
The purpose of on-line test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time
wasting for checking the paper. It provides online facility to Institutes to conduct online exams
and to Students to give online exams. Institutes (i.e the faculties in institute) can enter and edit
the questions in test. Students can login and give their respective exams and view their score
then and there. The main objective of on-line test simulator is to efficiently evaluate the
candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also
gives fast results

1.2 Scope
This website provides facility to institutes to conduct online exams and maintaining the records
of users by providing authorized entry. Users can register as Faculty / Student and wait for the
admin to send a notification email. User can then login with the valid username and password
and can carry out their respective tasks.

Maintaining records of users(Faculties and Students)

Admin can add/ delete a particular user who registers on site and can view the activities
of users i.e. how many tests are added by a particular faculty, how many tests are given
by particular student and view their respective scores.

Add test in particular course (Faculty)

Faculty can add time limited tests in a particular course by adding questions in the
same,can view which student has attempted the tests and view their respective scores.

Attempt test ( Student)

Student can attempt test added by faculty and get their score then and there. They can
also get the test review i.e. answer explanation of each question in test.

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Software Development and Methodology

A software development process, also known as a software development life-cycle (SDLC), is a
structure imposed on the development of a software product. It is often considered a subset
of systems development life cycle. There are several models for such processes, each describing
approaches to a variety of tasks or activities that take place during the process. Some people
consider a life-cycle model a more general term and a software development process a more
specific term. It aims to be the standard that defines all the tasks required for developing and
maintaining software.
The System Development Life Cycle framework provides a sequence of activities for system
designers and developers to follow. It consists of a set of steps or phases in which each phase of
the SDLC uses the results of the previous one.
A Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) adheres to important phases that are essential for
developers, such as planning, analysis, design, and implementation, and are explained in the
section below. It includes evaluation of present system, information gathering, and feasibility
study and request approval. A number of system development life cycle (SDLC) models have
been created: waterfall, fountain, spiral build and fix, rapid prototyping, incremental, and
synchronize and stabilize. The oldest of these, and the best known, is the waterfall model: a
sequence of stages in which the output of each stage becomes the input for the next. These
stages can be characterized and divided up in different ways, including the following:

2.1 System Development Life-Cycle

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Preliminary Analysis:

The objective of phase 1 is to conduct a preliminary analysis, propose alternative solutions,

describe costs and benefits and submit a preliminary plan with recommendations.
Conduct the preliminary analysis: in this step, you need to find out the organization's objectives
and the nature and scope of the problem under study. Even if a problem refers only to a small
segment of the organization itself then you need to find out what the objectives of the
organization itself are. Then you need to see how the problem being studied fits in with them.
Propose alternative solutions: In digging into the organization's objectives and specific
problems, you may have already covered some solutions. Alternate proposals may come from
interviewing employees, clients, suppliers, and/or consultants. You can also study what
competitors are doing. With this data, you will have three choices: leave the system as is,
improve it, or develop a new system.
Describe the costs and benefits.

Systems analysis, requirements definition:

Defines project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application and
analyzes end-user information needs.
Systems design:

Describes desired features and operations in detail, including screen layouts, business rules,
process diagrams, pseudo-code and other documentation.
Development: The real code is written here.

Integration and testing:

Brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment, then checks for errors, bugs
and inter-operability.

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Planning & Analysis

3.1 Project Planning
Planning
Planning is an objective of each and every activity, where we want to discover things that
belong to the project. An important task in creating a software program is extracting
the requirements or requirements analysis. Once the general requirements are gathered from
the client, an analysis of the scope of the development should be determined and clearly
stated. Customers typically have an abstract idea of what they want as an end result, but do not
know what software should do. Skilled and experienced software engineers recognize
incomplete, ambiguous, or even contradictory requirements at this point. Frequently
demonstrating live code may help reduce the risk that the requirements are incorrect.
Certain functionality may be out of scope of the project as a function of cost or as a result of
unclear requirements at the start of development. If the development is done externally, this
document can be considered a legal document so that if there are ever disputes, any ambiguity
of what was promised to the client can be clarified.
In the planning phase of online exam system, it was decided that the system should be able to
conduct online tests which can be added by the authorized user.
The system will have admin which allows authorized entry of users who register on site and can
view the activities of added users.The admin can add/delete user at any given time. After
deleting any user, all the activities related to the user get deleted from database
Faculty can add practice test which the student can give more than once and actual test where
the final score is recorded and can be given only once.
Students will be able to give the test at the available time of the test and view score
immediately after submitting the test.
Students will be able to view the number of questions answered/unanswered and their
respective answer explanation.Faculty will be able to send result certificate to the student i.e.
grade the student depending his/her test score.

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3.2 Feasibility Study

Once scope has been identified (with the concurrence of the customer), it is reasonable to ask:
Can we build software to meet this scope? Is the project feasible? All too often, software
engineers rush past this questions (or are pushed past them by impatient managers or
customers), only to become mired in a project that is doomed from the onset.
When we are developing the system (software), we must know the proposed system will be
feasible i.e. practically implemented or not. It may be possible that the proposedsystem may
not be implemented due to many reasons like it may take long time in development than the
specified time limit,cost may increase than proposed one etc. Therefore we must analyze the
feasibility of the system.
Feasibility is the analysis of risks, costs & benefits relating to economics, technology & user
operation.
There are several types of feasibility depending on the aspect they covers. Some important
feasibilities is as follows:

Technical Feasibility
Time-schedule Feasibility
Operational Feasibility
Economical Feasibility

Technical Feasibility:-

The technical feasibility assessment is focused on gaining an understanding of the present technical
resources of the organization and their applicability to the expected needs of the proposed system. It is
an evaluation of the hardware and software and how it meets the need of the proposed system
This project on Online Exam System will be platform independent since it is being coded in PHP
scripting language.
HTML is used to create web pages.
MySql database will be used for storing data.
Hardware requirements used are compatible with all O.S.
Only authorized person would be able to use the website so it would be secure.

Time-schedule Feasibility:-

A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means estimating
how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time period using some
methods like payback period. Schedule feasibility is a measure of how reasonable the project timetable
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is. Given our technical expertise, are the project deadlines reasonable? Some projects are initiated with
specific deadlines. You need to determine whether the deadlines are mandatory or desirable.
The scheduled time for online exam system was about 3 to 4 months and the project is completed in 4
months.

Operational Feasibility:-

Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the problems, and takes
advantage of the opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the requirements
[4]
identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development.
The operational feasibility assessment focuses on the degree to which the proposed development
projects fits in with the existing business environment and objectives with regard to development
schedule, delivery date, corporate culture, and existing business processes

Economic Feasibility:-

The purpose of the economic feasibility assessment is to determine the positive economic benefits to the
organization that the proposed system will provide. It includes quantification and identification of all the
benefits expected. This assessment typically involves a cost/ benefits analysis.

Economic analysis is the most frequently used evaluating the effectiveness of proposed system, more
commonly known as Benefit analysis. The Benefit analysis is to determine benefits and savings which are
expected from candidate system and compare them with cost. If the benefits are more than the cost,
then decision is made to design and implement the system.

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Requirement analysis and specification

4.1 User Characteristics
This system will be used in Three User Modules which are Administrator, Faculty and
Student. As all of these have different requirements , the modules are designed to meet their
needs and avoid any type Of confusion. The features of all three User Modules have been
described below.
Administrator
i. Add/Delete/Update Courses.
ii. Add/Delete a particular User.
Faculty
i. Register on site.
ii. View list of courses added by administrator.
iii. Add/Delete/Update questions in that test.
Student
i. Register on site.
ii. View List Of Courses added by administrator.
iii. View tests added in particular course by faculty.
iv. Attempt test and get score

4.2 Features:
The website will allow access only to authorized users with specific roles (Administratormaintains the website, Faculty -Register to conduct the exams, Students-Give the exams online)
A summary of the major functions that the website will perform:
Register/Login:
Admin can directly login on site with the username and password provided by the
developer which can be changed later.
Faculty and Students should register on site first and wait for the authorization of
admin.

Courses:
Admin can add the courses which are provided by the institute and add description for
the same if necessary. The courses added by admin can be seen by all the faculties and students.

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Faculty can add the particular courses to My Courses allotted to them from the list added by
admin and add tests in that particular course. Student can view the list of courses and attempt
test from a particular course at any given time.
Test:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Faculty can add test in their course and provide the settings of the same ie.
Test Name
Test Instructions
Total number of questions in the test.
Marks of individual questions in the test.
Timer for test.

After saving the settings of test, faculty can add questions in the test. They can add and save
as many questions as necessary and then select which questions should be displayed to the
student among the list of questions added. The number of questions selected should match
the number added in the settings of test. After the questions are selected , the faculty
should click on save test so that student can view the test.
Student can view all the test added by any faculty in any of the course listed by the admin
and attempt the same. Student can attempt a particular test only once except due to some
unavoidable reasons (like power-cut) the answers get saved in database and the student can
resume the test where left.
Type of questions:
Faculty can add/delete questions in test which can be Multiple-Choice Questions or
True-False type Questions. Total number of questions can vary from test to test.
Questions:
Faculty can add/ edit questions in test by selecting the following details:
i. Question Type the question in this field.
ii. Options Provide the multiple options and choose the correct answer.
iii. Correct Answer - Add the the correct answer among the given choices.
The software calculates the total marks of test based on the details provided by the user
after the user(faculty) clicks on save test which can be then attempted by the student.
Get Score
Student can attempt the test added by faculty and get score then and there. Only one
question is displayed at a time and the student has to choose the correct answer and click
next.
At the end of last question , complete summary of test is displayed i.e which questions are
answered/unanswered. The student can go back and change the answer from this page
within the time limit of test and then click on submit test to view the score. If the time

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exceeds , result is calculated on the number of questions attempted by the student. On

clicking on submit test student can view the following information:
i. Total Marks
ii. Correct
iii. Incorrect
iv. Answered
v. Unanswered
Admin can view the test attempted by student and even check the marks scored by student in
particular test in any of the courses.
Faculty can view the test attempted by student in only the test added by that faculty and even
check the marks scored by student.

Review Test
After getting the score , student can click on review test to get the answer explanation of each
question and check which questions were correct/incorrect.

4.3 Benefits:
This website reduces the manual work, maintaining accuracy, increasing efficiency and saving
time. Also institutes need not go to develop a new software each time, instead they just register
and conduct a test. For students, it saves time of going to far away centers and also they can
view their result then and there.

4.4 External Interface Requirements:

User Interfaces
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.

Software Interfaces
i.
ii.

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Login Screen
Registration Screen
Admin home screen
Student profile screen
Add test screen
List of test screen
Add question screen
List of question screen
Student home screen
Test screen
Display score screen

Operating System : Windows

Browser : Google Chrome / Firefox

iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

Hardware Interfaces
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

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Database Layer : MySql

Web Server : APACHE 5.0
Server Side Scripting : PHP
Client Side Scripting : JAVA SCRIPT

CPU
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse

System Design

5.1 Design Strategy

In software engineering, multi-tier architecture (often referred to as n-tier architecture) is
a clientserver architecture in which presentation, application processing, and data
management functions are logically separated. For example, an application that
uses middleware to service data requests between a user and a database employs multi-tier
architecture. The most widespread use of multi-tier architecture is the three-tier architecture.

Three-tier architecture

Three-tier architecture is a clientserver architecture in which the user interface, functional

process logic ("business rules"), computer data storage and data access are developed and
maintained as independent modules, most often on separate platforms. The three-tier model
is a software architecture pattern.
Apart from the usual advantages of modular software with well-defined interfaces, the threetier architecture is intended to allow any of the three tiers to be upgraded or replaced

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independently in response to changes in requirements or technology. For example, a change

of operating system in the presentation tier would only affect the user interface code.
Typically, the user interface runs on a desktop PC or workstation and uses a standard graphical
user interface, functional process logic that may consist of one or more separate modules
running on a workstation or application server, and an RDBMS on a database
server or mainframe that contains the computer data storage logic. The middle tier may be
multi-tiered itself (in which case the overall architecture is called an "n-tier architecture").
By introducing the middle layer, the client is only handling presentation logic. This means that
only little communication is needed between the client and the middle tier making the client
thin or thinner. An example of a thin client is an Internet browser that allows you to see
and provide information fast and almost with no delay.

Three-tier architecture has the following three tiers:

Presentation tier

This is the topmost level of the application. The presentation tier displays information related
to such services as browsing merchandise, purchasing and shopping cart contents. It
communicates with other tiers by outputting results to the browser/client tier and all other
tiers in the network. (In simple terms it's a layer which users can access directly such as a web
page, or an operating systems GUI)

Application tier (business logic, logic tier, data access tier, or middle tier)

The logical tier is pulled out from the presentation tier and, as its own layer, it controls an
applications functionality by performing detailed processing.

Data tier

This tier consists of database servers. Here information is stored and retrieved. This tier keeps
data neutral and independent from application servers or business logic. Giving data its own
tier also improves scalability and performance.
As more users access the system a three-tier solution is more scalable than the other solutions
because you can add as many middle tiers (running on each own server) as needed to ensure
good performance (N-tier or multiple-tier).Security is also the best in the three-tier
architecture because the middle layer protects the database tier.
There is one major drawback to the N-tier architecture and that is that the additional tiers
increase the complexity and cost of the installation.

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5.2 Data-flow Diagram

0 Level DFD

Add

User

Faculty

Admin

Student

Admin

Login
Admin

Register
Admin

Login
Admin

Online Exam
System

Online Exam
System

Register

Register

Register

Register

Admin

Admin

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Register
Admin

1st Level DFD

Student

Register

Faculty

Register

Admin

Login

Login

Select
test

Select
course

Add
Course

Start
test

Add
test

Answer the
questions

Add Test
Details

Get Score

Add
Questions

Login

Save
test

List Of Tests

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Add Course
Details

Save
Course

List Of Courses

2nd Level DFD

Users

Student

Faculty

Edit Profile

Edit Profile

Profile Details

Personal Information
Test Completed/Pending

Score

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Profile Details

Personal Information
Test Added

Admin

View

5.3 Entity Relationship Diagram

It is a graphical representation of entities and their relationships to each other, typically used in
computing in regard to the organization of data within databases or information systems. An entity is a
piece of data-an object or concept about which data is stored.A relationship is how the data is shared
between entities.
There are three types of relationships between entities:
i.
One - to - one
ii.
One - to - many
iii.
Many - to - many

Diagram:

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Coding
6.1 Introduction to MySql
Many of the applications that a Web developer wants to use can be made easier by the use of a
standardized database to store, organize, and access information. MySQL is an Open Source (GPL)
Standard Query Language (SQL) Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) database that is
fast, reliable, easy to use, and suitable for applications of any size. SQL is the ANSI-standard database
query language used by most databases.
SQL is the most popular language for adding, accessing and managing content in a database. It is most
noted for its quick processing, proven reliability, ease and flexibility of use. MySQL is an essential part of
almost every open source PHP application.

PHP + MySql
PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop in Windows and serve on a Unix
platform)
The main reason for using a scripting language like PHP is because of the interaction with databases it
can offer.
The things needed to run PHP scripts which access MySQL databases.
1. Webserver - This can either be on a computer of your own or on a web host. Any web server
software should work with PHP and MySQL but the best to use is Apache, which is free
2. Installation - PHP also needs to be installed on the server. If it is not already installed you can
install it (or ask your web host to install it). It can be downloaded from PHP.net and is also free.
3. MySQL This is actual database software

Queries
A query is a question or a request.
We can query a database for specific information and have a recordset returned.

Open a Connection to the MySQL Server

Before we can access data in a database, we must open a connection to the MySQL server.
In PHP, this is done with the mysql_connect() function.
Syntax:
mysql_connect(host,username,password,dbname);

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Parameter

Description

host

Optional. Either a host name or an IP address

username

Optional. The MySQL user name

password

Optional. The password to log in with

dbname

Optional. The default database to be used when performing

queries

6.2 Database Design

The overall objective in the development of database technology has been to treat data as an
organizational resource and as an integrated whole. DBMS allow data to be protected and organized
separately from other resources. Database is an integrated collection of data. The most significant form
of data as seen by the programmers is data as stored on the direct access storage devices. This is the
difference between logical and physical data.
Database files are the key source of information into the system. It is the process of designing database
files, which are the key source of information to the system. The files should be properly designed and
planned for collection, accumulation, editing and retrieving the required information.
The organization of data in database aims to achieve three major objectives: Data integration.
Data integrity.
Data independence.
The proposed system stores the information relevant for processing in the MySQL
SERVER database. This database contains tables, where each table corresponds to oneparticular type of
information. Each piece of information in table is called a field or column. A table also contains records,
which is a set of fields. All records in a table have the same set of fields with different information. There
are primary key fields that uniquely identify a record in a table. There are also fields that contain primary
key from another table called foreign keys.

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Online exam System uses the following database structure for storing user data , test data ,questions
data etc.
Tables in MySql:
1. User
Field
Id
firstname
lastname
Dateofbirth
Email
Mobilenumber
Gender
address
City
Pincode
state
country
Tenboard
tenpercent
Tenyear
Twelveyear
Twelveboard
Twelvepercent
Graduni
Gradpercent
Gradyear
Random

Type

Constraints

Int
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar

Primary Key

This table stores the information of user (admin, faculty and student) that is personal as well as login
information and primary key id which auto-increments every-time a new user registers.
Personal information includes First Name, Last Name, Email Address,Contact info etc.

2. Courses
Field
id
categoryame

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Type

Constraints

Int
Varchar

Primary Key

This table stores the courses added by admin i.e Course Name and one primary key ID which autoincrements every-time a new course is added.
3. User
Field
id
Username
Score
Category_id

Type

Constraints

Int
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar

Primary Key

This table stores the details of users and their test, which includes, username , id, score, and
category.

4. Questions
Field
qid
Question
answer1
Answer2
answer3
Answer4
Answer
Category_id

Type

Constraints

Int
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar
Varchar

Primary Key

This table stores the details of questions added in test which includes serial number ,Question , Type
of Question , options , Correct Answer .
There is one primary key qid which auto-increments every-time a new question is added in any
test.

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Testing
System testing is a critical aspect of Software Quality Assurance and represents the ultimate
review of specification, design and coding. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of
finding an error. A good test is one that has a probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error. The
purpose of testing is to identify and correct bugs in the developed system. Nothing is complete without
testing. Testing is the vital to the success of the system.
In the code testing the logic of the developed system is tested. For this every module of the program is
executed to find an error. To perform specification test, the examination of the specifications stating
what the program should do and how it should perform under various conditions.
Unit testing focuses first on the modules in the proposed system to locate errors. This enables to detect
errors in the coding and logic that are contained within that module alone. Those resulting from the
interaction between modules are initially avoided. In unit testing step each module has to be checked
separately.
System testing does not test the software as a whole, but rather than integration of each module in the
system. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules. One has to find areas where
modules have been designed with different specifications of data lengths, type and data element name.
Testing and validation are the most important steps after the implementation of the developed
system. The system testing is performed to ensure that there are no errors in the implemented system.
The software must be executed several times in order to find out the errors in the different modules of
the system.
Validation refers to the process of using the new software for the developed system in a live
environment i.e., new software inside the organization, in order to find out the errors.
The validation phase reveals the failures and the bugs in the developed system. It will be come to know
about the practical difficulties the system faces when operated in the true environment.
By testing the code of the implemented software, the logic of the program can be examined. A
specification test is conducted to check whether the specifications stating the program are performing
under various conditions.
Testing may be done at 4 levels
Unit Level
Module Level
Integration & System

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UNIT TESTING
A Unit corresponds to a screen /form in the package. Unit testing focuses on verification
of the corresponding class or Screen. This testing includes testing of control paths, interfaces,
local data structures, logical decisions, boundary conditions, and error handling. Unit testing
may use Test Drivers, which are control programs to co-ordinate test case inputs and outputs,
and Test stubs, which replace low-level modules. A stub is a dummy subprogram.

MODULE LEVEL TESTING

Module Testing is done using the test cases prepared earlier. Module is defined during the time
of design.

INTEGRATION & SYSTEM TESTING

Integration testing is used to verify the combining of the software modules. Integration testing
addresses the issues associated with the dual problems of verification and program
construction. System testing is used to verify, whether the developed system meets the
requirements.

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Conclusion
The project report entitled ONLINE EXAMINATION has come to its final stage. The system
has been developed with much care that it is free of errors and at the same time it is efficient
and less time consuming. The important thing is that the system is robust. Also provision is
provided for future developments in the system. The entire system is secured. This online
system will be approved and implemented soon.

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