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Nomenclature
K
p
T
v
Subscripts
eos = equation of state
p = at constant pressure
pub = published value
T = at constant temperature
v = at constant volume
Thermodynamic relationships
The difference between the two specific heats can be expressed (7) as:
cp cv = Tv2/K
Units
cp cv
cp /cv
T
v
J/kg-K
Dimensionless
K
103 m3/kg
per 1,000 K
per 109 Pa
(1)
www.cepmagazine.org
cv
July 2002
Greek letters
= liquid thermal expansion
coefficient = (1/v)(v/T)p, 1/1,000 K
John Garvin,
Madison Technical Software
64
cp
CEP
Range of
Values
02,300
11.92
300450
1.02.4
012
0.0871
Average
Value
700
1.35
375
1.4
2.3
6.6
Note: The values in the table have been calculated for the liquid
phase for acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether and water.
Recommendations
Computed values of liquid cv and K from the Lee-Kesler (8),
Wu and Stiel (9), and Keenan (10) equations of state are generally consistent with and are verified by the published values of
K, the bulk compressibility.
In general, it is not valid to assume for real liquids that cv
is approximately equal to cp. With the single (and wellknown) exception of water in the vicinity of 4C (where the
Literature Cited
Table 2. Computed values of liquid cp and cv for selected compounds.
Saturated Acetone
Pressure,
bar abs.
cp ,
kJ/kg-K
cv ,
kJ/kg-K
cp /cv
0.33
1.96
7.07
18.8
2.180
2.375
2.657
3.006
1.781
1.875
2.003
2.043
1.22
1.27
1.33
1.47
cp ,
kJ/kg-K
cv ,
kJ/kg-K
1.751
1.910
2.010
2.237
1.110
1.288
1.404
1.581
1.58
1.48
1.43
1.41
Pressure,
bar abs.
cp ,
kJ/kg-K
cv ,
kJ/kg-K
cp /cv
0.14
1.01
4.11
11.8
1.947
2.103
2.271
2.532
1.442
1.555
1.676
1.811
1.35
1.35
1.36
1.40
Pressure,
bar abs.
cp ,
kJ/kg-K
cv ,
kJ/kg-K
cp /cv
0.77
3.70
11.6
28.0
2.379
2.722
3.315
4.735
1.721
1.983
2.344
2.472
1.38
1.37
1.41
1.92
Pressure,
bar abs.
cp ,
kJ/kg-K
cv ,
kJ/kg-K
cp /cv
0.04
0.42
2.5
9.3
4.219
4.184
4.263
4.388
4.215
4.131
3.650
3.424
1.001
1.01
1.17
1.28
Temperature, K
300
350
400
450
Saturated Benzene
Temperature, K
Pressure,
bar abs.
300
350
400
450
0.14
0.91
3.52
9.69
cp /cv
14
17
13
25
20
24
6
24
24
14
1.11
0.89
1.03
1.88
0.49
1.09
0.84
1.03
1.78
0.41
CEP
July 2002
www.cepmagazine.org
65