11/9/2011

Bridge Plan & Profile

Presentation #7
Basic Suspended Design

BridgeProfile

Step 1: AASHTO Loading

Group 1 = Dead Load + Live Load
Group 2 = (Dead Load + Wind Load)/1.25
Group 3 = (Dead Load + Live Load + 0.3*Wind
L d)/1 25
Load)/1.25
Wind Load assumes 100 mph

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Live Loading Step 1: AASHTO

Loading
Live Load = 90 psf
Dead Load = 22 p/lf
Approximately how many people can stand on your
bridge?

Step 2: Calculate Span length

Maximum of 120 meters using design guide

Step 2: Calculate Span length

Position Foundations
3 meters back from soil slope
1.5 meters from rock
Behind line of angle of internal friction

Step 3: Determine Number of Tiers

35 for soil
60 for rock

Step 4: Check Freeboard

h < 4%.
Add Tiers as necessary

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Step 4: Check Freeboard

Freeboard Required
2 meters for floodplain, 4 meters gorges
Add Tiers as necessary

Step 5: Select Walkway Width

Anticipated usage:
Pedestrian
Hand-pull carts
Motorcycles
1.0
1 0 meter
t width
idth

freeboard

Step 6: Cable Lookup Tool

Steel Cable Size

- Cable Look-up tool
Breaking strength of available cable
Span of bridge
Width of desired decking

Step 6: Cable Lookup Tool

Research available cable breaking strength
Input values and number of cables (red text)
Modify combinations until desired deck width has
value at least as long as bridge span (yellow)

Available on www.bridgestoprosperity.org/resources

Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

Use Span and

soil types

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Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

AddPlanandProfileDrawings

Compile Final Drawings

-

Step 8: Material Quantities &Cost Estimate

See Design Example

Cable
Cement
Stone
Gravel
Sand
Re bar
Miscellaneous items

Design Example

Site Assessment Survey Information

Design Example: La Vegas, Yoro, Honduras

.

L
Abney Readings
Distance

Angle

Horizontal

Vertical

R
R-L

70.10

+5.00

69.73

+6.10

Elevation
100.00
106.1

R
R
R
R
R

66.55
56.57
48.75
43.43
38.06

+1.20
0
-2.10
-7.00
-7.50

66.53
56.57
48.72
43.11
37.71

+1.54
0
-1.84
-5.29
-5.19

101.54
100.00
98.16
96.85
94.81

1
2
3
4(hfl)
5

R-6

9.49

100.00

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Step 1: Draw Section using Site Survey

R

Step 2: Calculate Span Length

Position Foundations

L
1

L 1

4 (hfl)

Step 2: Calculate Span Length

Step 2: Calculate Span Length

1. Adequate slope angle or adequate distance

Max 35 degrees in soil (or min. 3 meters);
Max 60degrees in rock (or min. 1.5 meters)

1. Adequate slope angle or adequate distance

2. Span (l) = <120m

Right Side: slope angle 41 degrees = NOT OK

Span = 61 meters = OK

Therefore 3.00 m distance from edge of bank, 6.54 m = OK

L
R

HFL
WL

Step 3: Determine Number of Tiers

Step 4: Check Freeboard

1. Adequate slope angle

1. Adequate slope angle or adequate distance

2. Span (l) = >120m

2. Span (l) = >120m

3. Height difference (h) = Eh El < l/25

3. Height difference (h) = Eh El < l/25

Allowable height difference (L / 25) 62/25 = 2.48m

Actual height difference H = 103.30 103.01 0.29m
H Span/25 OK

4. Sag (bd) = l /20 or l /22

80 m > = l/20;
80 120m = l/22
bd = l/20 = 61.34/20 = 3.06

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Step 4: Check Freeboard

Step 4: Check Freeboard

1. Adequate slope angle or adequate distance

Position Foundations: Freeboard

2. Span (l) = >120m

3. Height difference (h) = Eh El < l/25
4. Sag (bd) = l /20 or l /22 = 3.06 m
5. Fmin = (4 . bd h)2/16 . Bd
Fmin is the lowest point of the cable. Fmin takes into account height
difference.
Fmin = (4 . bd h)2/16 . Bd = 2.92

Step 4: Check Freeboard

Step 4: Check Freeboard

1. Adequate slope angle or adequate distance
2. Span (l) = >120m
3. Height difference (h) = Eh El < l/25
4. Sag (bd) = l /20 or l /22 = 3.06 m
5. Fmin = (4 . bd h)2/16 . Bd

= 2.92 m

6. Freeboard = El Hfl - Fmin > Tower height (3.0 or 1.5 for mountain or valley)
1. Elevation of Fmin = El Fmin = 103.01 2.92 = 100.0
2. Elevation of Highest Flood Level (Hfl) = 96.85
Fb = 100.09 96.85 = 3.24 > 3.0 OK

Step 5: Select walkway width

Community Request
Pedestrian traffic
Bicycle traffic
Small livestock
Therefore, 1.0 meter deck width adequate

Step 6: Select main cable size

Research available cable breaking strength
Input values and number of cables (red text)
Modify combinations until desired deck width has value at
least as long as bridge span (yellow)

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Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

Using the B2PManual.
Flat or hilly land?
Soil or rock?
Span
Our example
Left side: Soil slope
Right side: Soil land
61 m bridge in soil:
G120G Dcon

Step 7: Select Construction Drawings

Compile Final Drawings

-

Step 8: Material Quantities

Steel Cable
Lcable = 1.04 (L + 14 + dleft tower to anchor+ dright tower to anchor)
L = 1.04
1 04 (62+14+9+5)
L=93.60 meters each

Step 8: Material Quantities

Steel Cable
Cement & rebar
Decking
Other materials

Step 8: Material Quantities

Steel Cable
Stone, gravel, Sand, Cement & Rebar
Drawings: quantities in footer

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Step 8: Material Quantities

Steel Cable
Stone, gravel, Sand, Cement & Rebar
Decking
Suspenders
8mm smooth iron. cut each suspender at 2m.
The bridge span x 2 = no. of suspenders required.
Crossbeams
10 cm x 10 cm x 1.4 meters
Span + 1
Deck panels
6 cm x 20 cm x 2 meters in length
5 across x (Span/length)
Nailers (optional)
Same as deck panels, 1.0 meter length
Span + 1

Step 8: Material Quantities

Steel Cable
Stone, gravel, Sand, Cement & Rebar
Decking
Other materials
Tubing for anchors
2 meters x Number of cables (only 1 anchor)
Fencing
1.5 meters height x 2*Span
Saddles
Use tire rims cut in half
Finishing materials
Asphaltic covering for cables
Nails/Screws
Paint for towers

Now your turn!

Questions?