PAD102 INTRODUCTION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
TO PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
Lecture by:

Miss Farhana binti Yaakub

Chapter Outcomes
After attended this lecture student should
be able to:1. Define public administration
2. Identify the significance and
characteristics of public administration
3. Explain the difference between public
and private administration
4. Describe the roles of public
administration
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Chapter Outline
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6

Introduction
Definition of P.A.
Significance of P.A.
Characteristics of P.A.
The Roles of P.A.
The Differences between Public
and Private Administration
1.7 Conclusion
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1.1

INTRODUCTION

Public = The people, the citizen

Administration = The process or activity of running a
business, organization, etc.
Public administration is one of the most
significance administrative machinery in a
particular state or country.

Public administration is the government

machinery to carry out certain objectives with
a variety of tools; E.g. policy, regulation, direct
and indirect services to public.

1.2

DEFINITION OF P.A.

PA as an organisation and it is the management of people

and materials to achieve government objectives.
PA acts as an art and science of management which
relates to state matters.

(DWIGHT WALDOS)
PA is a forming a concept called P-O-S-D-C-O-R-B.
According to him, PA is a process which involves activities
such as Planning (P), Organization (O), Staffing (S),
Directing (D), Coordinating (C), Reporting (R), and
Budgeting (B) (LUTHER GULLICK)

PA as the production of products and services to fulfill

peoples demands

(MARSHALLS DIMOCK, GLADYS DIMOCK &

DOUGLAS FOX)
Public Administration is meant, in common usage, the
activities of the executive branches of national, state and
local governments, government corporations and certain
other agencies of a specialized character. (H. A SIMON)
Public administration is the detailed and systematic
application of law.

Every particular application of law is an act of

administration.
(WOODROW WILSON)

1.3

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF P.A.

i. Enhancing civil society, ensuring a well-run,

fair, and effective public service.
ii. Improving equality, justice, security,
efficiency, effectiveness of public services
usually in a non-profit, non-taxable venue.
iii. Maintaining law and order.
iv. Promoting peace and harmony.
v. Protecting the interests of the state and of the
people .
vi. Practicing Good governance - transparency and
accountability in government policy decision
making and implementation process.

1.4

CHARACTERISTICS OF P.A.

Non-partisan or
Neutrality

Public administration is
a non-political
administrative
apparatus that is
subject to policy
direction but not
partisan.

Activities

Public administration
carry out activities that
related to the
government

Structure

A set of laws or legally

founded rules that
create the structure of
the administrative
apparatus of the state.

Supervision

Continuing democratic
supervision of
administrative activities
through the executive
which directs activities
within public
administration
apparatus

Power

Public administration
has given certain
authority to draw and
implement policy to
achieve the desired
goal.

Personnel

Public administration is
carried out by public
servants who work in
public departments
and agencies, at all
levels of government,
and perform a wide
range of tasks. 8

1.5 ROLES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public administration plays very important role in any country. The role of
public administration is changing from being a major provider of public
services and development to promoter and facilitator of development.

Public administration has important role to play in translating the

ideas, wishes and policies of politicians into reality.

Public administration provide varieties of services directly or indirectly

through its agencies. Such services including provision of water,
education, health, electricity, telephone, postal, transport, public
housing, immigration and security services.

improving service delivery in term of timeliness, quality, availability,

effectiveness, efficiency and convenience. This can be achieved by
considering citizens as customer and success is measured in terms
of citizens satisfaction.
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Improving socio-economic status of citizens and alleviating

poverty.

Public administration is a major force for bringing stability in

society.

Public administration is also regulate and control private

economic enterprises to meet the objectives of the state.

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it is imperative for public administration to implement such

laws in order to meet the requirements of labor welfare.

bringing new technologies for administration such as the

advancement of e-government.

Centralized economic planning has been pursued in many

developing countries as a method for socio-economic
development. It requires a large number of experts and
elaborate administrative machinery for plan formulation,
implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION vs PRIVATE

1.6
ADMINISTRATION
Instrument to achieve
government policy
The objective of public
policy administration is
to satisfy public needs
Financing depends on
government grants.
The operation subjects
to law and regulation set
by the parliament

Instrument to achieve
the owner and
shareholders interest.
The objective of private
administration is to
satisfy individual needs
and profit making.
Financing depends on
individual capital.
The operation subjects
to the Board Directors
appointed to company.
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1.7 CONCLUSION
is co-operative group effort in a public setting
covers all three branches-executive, legislative, and
judicial, and their inter-relationships.

has an important role in the formulation and

implementation of public policy and is thus a part of the
administrative process
is different in significant ways from private administration
is closely associated with numerous private groups and
individuals in providing services to the community.
is the non-political public bureaucracy operating in a
political system;
deals with the ends of the State, the sovereign will, the
public interests and laws;
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 is the business side of government and as such

concerned with policy execution, but it is also
concerned with policy-making;

covers all three branches of government, although it

tends to be concentrated in the executive branch;
provides regulatory and service functions to the
people in order to attain good life;
differs significantly from private administration,
especially in its emphasis on the public; and
is interdisciplinary in nature as it draws upon other
social sciences like political science, economics and
sociology.
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End of Chapter 1
THANK YOU
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i.

What is public administration?

ii. What are the significance of public

administration?
iii. Explain the characteristics of public
administration?

iv. Explain the roles of public administration.

v. Differentiate between of public and private
administration.
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