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2014 - 2015

Physics Investigatory Project

Arpit Ranka
XII A
Roll No. - 18
2014-2015

ACKNOWLEGEMENT
We express our heartfelt gratitude to Rupa Mam, for the help
and guidance she provided for completing the investigatory
project and for providing us this platform to hone our
scientific skills by making this project.
We shall be failing in our duty if we dont acknowledge the
assistance and guidance extended by our lab assistant Mr.
Jay. Most of all I thank our school management, for providing
us the facilities and an opportunity to do this project.
Lastly, I would like to thank my school mates who have
rendered and done this project along with me. Their support
made this project fruitful.

- Arpit Ranka

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. Arpit Ranka (Roll No. - 18 ) ,
student of class XII A, S.D Jain Modern School Surat has
successfully his Physics project under the heading Laser
Security System during the academic session 2014-2015
under the guidance of Rupa Mam.

School Stamp

Signature of Principal

Signature of external examiner

Signature of chemistry teacher

Objective
To make and
functions of a
SYSTEM.

study
LASER

the

SECURITY

Introduction
A laser alarm system operates by projecting a beam of
invisible laser light across a doorway or window opening.
When the light is broken, it activates a buzzer or alarm. The
principles are very similar to those of lower tech burglar
alarms. A laser alarm requires only slightly more sophisticated
electronics and can be put together by anyone with a
soldering gun and a knack for tinkering with basic circuits and
transistors.

Aim
To make and study the functions of a LASER SECURITY
SYSTEM.

Theory
This system for security uses the combination of LASER light
and LDR. The LDR module has an onboard potentiometer to
adjust the sensitivity of LDR, so that it only senses laser light
falling onto it.
The concept is quite simple and similar to what we see in
movies where antique, priceless ornaments are protected
under laser lights.
As someone crosses these lights, an alarm runs on to indicate
unauthorised presence. This project works similarly.
In normal conditions, where there is always laser light falling
on the LDR, the LDR module always gives a high signal to
microcontroller.
When someone crosses this laser light, it will behave as an
obstruction between the LDR module and laser light,
resulting in no light falling on LDR. In such cases LDR module
gives a low signal to the microcontroller, which indicates it to
switch on an alarm

Materials Required
Electric buzzer

LDR(Light Dependent Resistance)

Breadboard

10k ohm Resistor

9V Battery

laser

Connecting Wires

Transistor

Circuit Diagram -

Practical circuit -

Procedure
1. Take the breadboard and mark its two extreme sides , any
one as positive and other as negative.
2. Use the circuit diagram and make the connections as follows.
3. Punch in the transistor on the breadboard.
4. Connect the emitter of the transistor with negative side of
breadboard using a wire.
5. Connect the LDR with base of transistor and negative side of
breadboard.
6.Connect the buzzer with collector of transistor and positive
side of breadboard.
7. Now connect the 10k ohm resistor with base of transistor
and positive side of bread board.
8. Now connect the battery and at this time the buzzer would
be ringing.
9. Now drop the laser light upon the receptive surface of the
LDR and the buzzer stops ringing.

Precautions
Cheap laser pointers that we find in
most stores are generally restricted to 5mW
or less. These are generally considered safe.
However, it is still possible to damage your
eyes if you are not careful. When working
with lasers, it is a good idea to wear the
appropriate eye protection. Avoid looking
directly at the laser diode. Also never point
lasers at aircraft.

Bibliography
www.wikipedia.com
www.encyclopedia.com
www.sciencejournals.com
www.zetascience.com
www.scribd.com
www.makezine.com
www.electroschematics.com
www.easycircuits.com
www.youtube.com
www.howcast.com

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