Vibration generator

US 6262500 B1
Abstrak
A vibration generator which is durable, provides strong thrust and is capable of being
reduced in size, cost and weight includes a movable element (50) having a permanent
magnet (60) attached thereto; a stationary element (10) having end faces (23), (25) which
oppose, across prescribed gaps, respective ones of end faces (53), (54) of the movable
element, with the stationary element being excited by passing a current through an
attached coil (30) to form a magnetic path with the movable element; and resilient support
members (80) for supporting the movable element so that the movable element can
vibrate in a direction in which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil. One pole
face of the permanent magnet is arranged to oppose the outer side of the coil, thereby
forming a magnetic path in which magnetic flux that emerges from the pole face of the
permanent magnet cuts across the outer peripheral side of the coil, penetrates the interior
of the coil and then is guided in the direction of N and S poles of the coil. The end faces of
the stationary element are excited to desired magnetic poles to thereby vibrate the
movable element.
Gambar(8)

Klaim(20)
What is claimed is:

1. A vibration generator comprising:

a movable element having a permanent magnet attached thereto;
a stationary element having a coil attached thereto and end faces which oppose, across
prescribed gaps, respective ones of end faces of said movable element, said stationary
element to be excited by passing a current through said coil to form a magnetic path with
said movable element; and
a pair of coil springs, wherein each of said coil springs includes two coil portions, two
substantially parallel arms extending from one side of said coil portions, respectively, and
two substantially parallel arms extending from another side of said coil portions,
respectively, with said arms extending from said one side of said coil portions being
interconnected by a connecting portion, and wherein said connecting portion is attached to
said movable element, and said arms extending from the another side of said coil portions
are attached to said stationary element to thereby support said movable element for
vibration in a direction in which said stationary element is to be magnetized by said coil.
2. The vibration generator according to claim 1, wherein said movable element has arms
which extend toward said stationary element and are provided on respective sides of said
stationary element, wherein said arms have respective inner side surfaces which constitute
said respective ones of end faces of said movable element that are opposed by said end
faces of said stationary element.
3. The vibration generator according to claim 2, wherein said stationary element includes a
fixed-element yoke to which said coil is attached, and a base made of synthetic resin to
which said fixed-element yoke is secured.
4. The vibration generator according to claim 3, wherein said fixed-element yoke has
respective outer surfaces which constitute said end faces of said stationary element that
oppose said respective ones of end faces of said movable element.
5. The vibration generator according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet has one
pole face that is made to oppose said stationary element, and said stationary element is to
be excited by said coil to make said end faces of said stationary element desired poles,
whereby said movable element is caused to vibrate at a predetermined frequency in the
direction in which said stationary element is magnetized by said coil.
6. The vibration generator according to claim 5, wherein said one pole face of said
permanent magnet is made to oppose said stationary element so as to oppose an outer
peripheral side of said coil, thereby to form a magnetic path in which magnetic flux that
emerges from said one pole face passes through the outer peripheral side of said coil,
penetrates the interior of said coil and then is guided in the direction in which said
stationary element is magnetized by said coil.
7. The vibration generator according to claim 6, wherein a high-permeability member is
attached to said one pole face on the side opposing the outer peripheral side of said coil,
said high-permeability member to cause magnetic flux to collect at said one pole face.
8. A vibration generator comprising:
a movable element having a permanent magnet attached thereto;
a stationary element having a coil attached thereto and end faces which oppose, across
prescribed gaps, respective ones of end faces of said movable element, said stationary

element to be excited by passing a current through said coil to form a magnetic path with
said movable element; and
a resilient support member having one end attached to said movable element and another
end attached to said stationary element to thereby support said movable element for
vibration in a direction in which said stationary element is to be magnetized by said coil,
wherein said permanent magnet has one pole face that is made to oppose said stationary
element, and said stationary element is to be excited by said coil to make said end faces of
said stationary element desired poles, whereby said movable element is caused to vibrate
at a predetermined frequency in the direction in which said stationary element is
magnetized by said coil, and
wherein said one pole face is made to oppose said stationary element so as to oppose an
outer peripheral side of said coil, thereby to form a magnetic path in which magnetic flux
that emerges from said one pole face passes through the outer peripheral side of said coil,
penetrates the interior of said coil and then is guided in the direction in which said
stationary element is magnetized by said coil.
9. The vibration generator according to claim 8, wherein said resilient support member
comprises a coil spring, and said movable element is supported by a pair of said resilient
support members so as to vibrate in the direction in which said stationary element is to be
magnetized by said coil.
10. The vibration generator according to claim 8, wherein said movable element has arms
which extend toward said stationary element and are provided on respective sides of said
stationary element, wherein said arms have respective inner side surfaces which constitute
said respective ones of end faces of said movable element that are opposed by said end
faces of said stationary element.
11. The vibration generator according to claim 8, wherein said stationary element includes:
a fixed-element yoke to which said coil is attached; and
a base made of synthetic resin to which said fixed-element yoke is secured.
12. The vibration generator according to claim 11, wherein said fixed-element yoke has
respective outer surfaces which constitute said end faces of said stationary element that
oppose said respective ones of end faces of said movable element.
13. The vibration generator according to claim 8, wherein said resilient support member
includes a pair of coil springs, with each of said coil springs having two coil portions, two
substantially parallel arms extending from one side of said coil portions, respectively, and
two substantially parallel arms extending from another side of said coil portions,
respectively, with said arms extending from said one side of said coil portions being
interconnected by a connecting portion, and wherein said one end of said resilient support
member is attached to said movable element by having said connecting portion be
attached to said movable element, and said another end of said resilient support member
is attached to said stationary element by having said arms extending from the another side
of said coil portions be attached to said stationary element.
14. The vibration generator according to claim 13, wherein said movable element has arms
which extend toward said stationary element and are provided on respective sides of said
stationary element, wherein said arms have respective inner side surfaces which constitute

said respective ones of end faces of said movable element that are opposed by said end
faces of said stationary element.
15. The vibration generator according to claim 8, wherein a high-permeability member is
attached to said one pole face on the side opposing the outer peripheral side of said coil,
said high-permeability member to cause magnetic flux to collect at said one pole face.
16. The vibration generator according to claim 15, wherein said resilient support member
comprises a coil spring, and said movable element is supported by a pair of said resilient
support members so as to vibrate in the direction in which said stationary element is to be
magnetized by said coil.
17. The vibration generator according to claim 15, wherein said stationary element
includes:
a fixed-element yoke to which said coil is attached; and
a base made of synthetic resin to which said fixed-element yoke is secured.
18. The vibration generator according to claim 17, wherein said fixed-element yoke has
respective outer surfaces which constitute said end faces of said stationary element that
oppose said respective ones of end faces of said movable element.
19. The vibration generator according to claim 18, wherein said stationary element includes
a fixed-element yoke to which said coil is attached, and a base made of synthetic resin to
which said fixed-element yoke is secured.
20. The vibration generator according to claim 19, wherein said fixed-element yoke has
respective outer surfaces which constitute said end faces of said stationary element that
oppose said respective ones of end faces of said movable element.
Deskripsi
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a vibration generator.

Portable devices such as cellular telephones serving as the terminals of a mobile

communications system sometimes contain a vibration generator within the portable
device itself or within an accessory thereof to inform the user of an incoming call by silent
vibration rather than by an audible ringing tone. The vibration produced by the generator is
sensed by the human body to alert the user to the call.

Structurally speaking, the conventional vibration generator of this type includes a motor
having a rotary shaft and a rotating body mounted on the shaft, wherein the center of
gravity of the rotating body is located at a position different from that of the rotary shaft so
that vibration is produced when the rotating body is rotated.

In a vibration generator having a structure of this kind, wobbling of the rotary shaft
produced when the rotating body is rotated is utilized as the source of vibration.
Consequently, the bearings of the rotary shaft of the motor are subjected to excessive
force, a situation which detracts from the durability and reliability of the generator.

Taking note of the simple harmonic motion of a movable element that is fixed to the free
end (movable end) of a spring, the Applicant has previously proposed a vibration generator
(Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-180186) which, as shown in FIG. 8, includes
a generally C-shaped yoke 210 about which a coil 240 is wound, a leaf spring 220 having a
lower end fixed to the approximate center of the yoke 210, and a movable element 230
fixed to the upper, movable end of the leaf spring 220.

The movable element 230 includes two permanent magnets 235, 236 attached to
respective ones of both sides of the yoke 234. When a prescribed current is passed through
the coil 240, the movable element 230 undergoes simple harmonic motion so that the leaf
spring 220 is deflected from side to side.

The proposed vibration generator, however, has a number of shortcomings.

Specifically, though the leaf spring 220 is used as a resilient member for supporting the
movable element 230, the leaf spring 220 is highly rigid. As a consequence, there is the
danger that the leaf spring 220 will break with prolonged operation. Though the leaf spring
220 may be lengthened in order to prevent this, such an expedient makes it difficult to
reduce the size of the vibration generator.

Another problem is that since the leaf spring 220 is fixed to the yoke 210 and movable
element 230 by screws or rivets, the fixing operation is troublesome.

In addition, since two permanent magnets 235, 236 are used, this is an obstacle to cost
reduction.

Furthermore, the conventional vibration generator does not produce enough vibratory
thrust. A vibration generator capable of producing stronger thrust is desired.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration generator which is

durable, provides strong thrust and is capable of being reduced in size, cost and weight.

According to the present invention, the foregoing object is attained by providing a vibration
generator comprising: a movable element having a permanent magnet attached thereto; a
stationary element having end faces which oppose, across prescribed gaps, respective ones
of end faces of the movable element, the stationary element being excited by passing a
current through an attached coil to form a magnetic path with the movable element; and a
resilient support member having one end attached to the movable element and another
end attached to the stationary element to thereby support the movable element for
vibration in a direction in which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil. One pole
face of the permanent magnet is made to oppose the stationary element and the stationary
element is excited by the coil to make the end faces of the stationary element desired
poles, whereby the movable element is caused to vibrate at a predetermined frequency in
the direction in which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil.

Preferably, the one pole face of the permanent magnet is placed so as to oppose an outer
peripheral side of the coil attached to the stationary element, thereby forming a magnetic
path in which magnetic flux that emerges from the pole face of the permanent magnet
passes through the outer peripheral side of the coil, penetrates the interior of the coil and
then is guided in the direction in which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil.

Preferably, a high-permeability member is attached to the pole face of the permanent

magnet on the side opposing the outer peripheral side of the coil, with the highpermeability member causing magnetic flux to collect at this pole face.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the foregoing object is attained by
providing a vibration generator comprising: a movable element having a permanent
magnet attached thereto; a stationary element having end faces which oppose, across
prescribed gaps, respective ones of the end faces of the movable element, with the
stationary element being excited by passing a current through an attached coil to form a
magnetic path with the movable element; and a resilient support member having one end
attached to the movable element and another end attached to the stationary element to
thereby support the movable element for vibration in a direction in which the stationary
element is magnetized by the coil. The movable element has arms, which extend toward
the stationary element, provided on respective ones of both sides thereof, and the arms
have respective inner side surfaces which constitute the end faces that oppose the
respective end faces of the stationary element across the prescribed gaps.

Preferably, the resilient support member comprises a coil spring, and the movable element
is supported by a pair of the resilient support members so as to vibrate in the direction in
which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil.

Preferably, the stationary element comprises a fixed-element yoke to which the coil is
attached, and a base made of synthetic resin to which the fixed-element yoke is secured.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference
characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the figures thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vibration generator according to a first embodiment

of the present invention;

FIG. 2A is a schematic front view and FIG. 2B a schematic side view showing the vibration
generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the vibration generator according to the
first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the relationship between displacement of a movable element

and thrust that acts upon the movable element;

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the relationship among thrust produced by a permanent

magnet, thrust produced by resilient support members and displacement of the movable
element;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating how forces act upon the movable element;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating how forces acts upon a coil in accordance with Fleming's
rule; and

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration generator according to an example of

the prior art.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with
reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vibration generator 1 according to a first

embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2A is a schematic front view and FIG. 2B a
schematic side view of the vibration generator, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view

of the vibration generator. As shown in these drawings, the vibration generator 1 includes a
stationary element 10, a movable element 50 and two resilient support members 80 for
holding the movable element 50 on the central, upper portion of the stationary element 10.

More specifically, the stationary element 10 comprises a fixed-element yoke 11, a coil 30
and a base 31, as illustrated in FIG. 3. The fixed-element yoke 11 comprises a soft magnetic
body such as pure iron and has a generally H-shaped configuration in which longitudinally
extending left and right yoke portions 13, 15 are connected by a center yoke portion 17
extending in the transverse direction. An electromagnet is formed by winding the coil 30
about the center yoke portion 17. The lower portions of the left and right yoke portions 13,
15 constitute fixing portions 19, 21, and the outer side surfaces of the upper portions of the
left and right yoke portions 13, 15 constitute end faces 23, 25 of a magnetic path. Both
ends of the coil 30 are connected to current supply means 100 (see FIG. 1).

The base 31 is made of molded synthetic resin and has recessed fixing portions 33, 35 into
which the fixing portions 19, 21 of the fixed-element yoke 11 are inserted and secured,
grooves 37 (only the groove on the front side being shown in FIG. 3) extending transversely
in the form of slits, and an upwardly directed groove 39 provided in the proximity of the
center of the groove 37.

The resilient support members 80 are so-called double-torsion coil springs each of which is
constructed by bending a single piece of wire. The wire has two coil portions 81 each
obtained by coiling the wire approximately one-and-a-half turns, two substantially parallel
arms 83 extending from one side of the coil portions 81 and two substantially parallel arms
85 extending from the other side of the coil portions 81. The arms 83 on one side are
connected by a connecting portion 82, and the arms 85 on the other side are bent upward
at their distal ends to serve as anchoring ends 851.

The movable element 50 includes a movable yoke 51 consisting of a material similar to that
of the fixed-element yoke 11, and a permanent magnet 60 attached to the movable yoke
51. The movable yoke 51, which has a generally C-shaped configuration, has two arms 52
the inner side surfaces of which constitute end faces 53, 54 that oppose end faces 23, 25,
respectively, of the fixed-element yoke 11 across prescribed gaps. The permanent magnet
60 is attached to the movable yoke 51 with one pole face (the S pole face in this
embodiment) in abutting contact with the underside of the movable yoke 51 at the central
portion thereof. The outer side surfaces of the arms 52 of the movable yoke 51 at the upper
portions thereof are provided with groove-shaped engaging portions 55 for engaging
respective ones of the connecting portions 82 of the resilient support members 80. A plateshaped high-permeability member 57 is attached to the pole face on the opposite side of
the permanent magnet 60 (namely the N pole face in this embodiment, that is, the pole
face of the permanent magnet 60 on the side opposing the outer peripheral surface of the
coil 30). The high-permeability member 57 causes magnetic flux to collect at this pole face
and consists of a material such as pure iron.

To assemble the vibration generator 1, the fixing portions 19, 21 of the fixed-element yoke
11 are inserted and secured in the recessed fixing portions 33, 35 of the base 31. Next, the
anchoring ends 851 of the resilient support members 80 are inserted into and anchored in
the groove 39 of the base 31 from both sides. At this time the portions of the resilient
support members 80 on the distal-end side of the arms 85 are inserted into the grooves 37
of the base 31. The connecting portions 82 of the resilient support members 80 are then
engaged with the engaging portions 55 of the movable element 50. This completes
assembly of the vibration generator 1.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the arrangement is such that the two end faces 23, 25 of the
stationary element 10 and the two end faces 53, 54 of the movable element 50 oppose and
lie parallel to each other across respective ones of prescribed gaps 28, 29 (the gap
dimensions of both of which are identical). The movable element 50 is supported by the
resilient support members 80 so as to be capable of vibrating in the direction in which the
stationary element 10 is magnetized by the coil 30 (i.e., transversely in FIG. 2A). The pole
face of the permanent magnet 60 on the side on which the high-permeability member 57 is
attached is disposed so as to oppose the outer peripheral side surface of the coil 30 across
a gap 27. The arrangement is such that these opposing surfaces lie parallel to each other.

The magnetic path of the vibration generator 1 thus constructed is formed so as to

penetrate the center yoke portion 17 of the fixed-element yoke 11 through the outer
peripheral side of the coil 30 from the pole face of the permanent magnet 60 on which the
high-permeability member 57 is attached, extend in the direction in which the stationary
element 10 is magnetized by the coil 30 (in the directions of the N and S poles, namely in
the directions of both end faces 23, 25), penetrate both end faces 53, 54 of the movable
element 50 from both end faces 23, 25 of the stationary element 10 through the gaps 28,
29, and penetrate the other pole face of the permanent magnet 60 from the center of the
movable yoke 51.

If a prescribed current is passed through the coil 30 by the current supply means 100, the
movable element 50 starts simple harmonic motion transversely in FIG. 2A. The principle of
this operation will now be described.

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the relationship between transverse displacement x (mm) of

the movable element 50 and transverse thrust F (N) that acts upon the movable element
50. Positive values of thrust F indicate a rightward directed force in FIG. 2A, and negative
values of thrust F indicate a leftward directed force in FIG. 2A. Positive values of
displacement x indicate displacement to the right in FIG. 2A, and negative values of
displacement x indicate displacement to the left in FIG. 2A. In this embodiment, the gaps
28, 29 both have a size of 1.5 mm.

The circles in FIG. 4 indicate the resultant of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet
60 and the elastic force of the resilient support members 80 in the absence of applied

current to the coil 30. The triangles indicate the resultant of the magnetic force of the
permanent magnet 60 and the elastic force of the resilient support members 80 in
combination with an electromagnetic force produced when a current NI=+100 (AT) is
passed through the coil 30. The squares indicate the resultant of the magnetic force of the
permanent magnet 60 and the elastic force of the resilient support members 80 in
combination with an electromagnetic force produced when a current NI=100 (AT) is
passed through the coil 30.

As shown in FIG. 4, the thrust applied to the movable element 50 is substantially linear in
all cases. This indicates that each case is ideal for the purpose of subjecting the movable
element 50 to simple harmonic motion. The reason why such thrust is obtained will now be
described.

As indicated by curve a in FIG. 5, the thrust due solely to the resilient support members 80
is a force which attempts to linearly restore the movable element 50 to the neutral position
the more displacement x is increased. On the other hand, as indicated by curve b in FIG. 5,
the thrust due solely to the permanent magnet 60 is thrust which acts in a direction
opposite that of the thrust produced by the resilient support members 80. Almost no thrust
is produced if the amount of displacement is small. If the amount of displacement increases
so that either the left gap 28 or right gap 29 becomes smaller, thrust increases sharply in
the direction of the smaller gap. If both thrusts are combined, therefore, the substantially
linear thrust indicated by the circles in FIG. 4 is obtained. The reason why thrust due solely
to the permanent magnet 60 is as indicated by the curve b in FIG. 5 is that since both end
faces 53, 54 of the movable element 50 are S poles, the movable element 50 is not
attracted to the left or right when it is at the neutral position. However, if either end face 53
or 54 approaches either end face 23 or 25 of the stationary element 10, a thrust that
attempts to bring these faces together increases exponentially. Thus, since the thrust due
solely to the permanent magnet 60 is small in the vicinity of the neutral position, the
movable element 50 can be held at the neutral position with ease when no current is
applied to the coil 30, even if the elastic force of the resilient support members 80 is not
that large.

In a case where the current supply means 100 passes a current of NI=+100 (AT) into the
coil 30 to excite the stationary element 10 so that its left and right end faces 23, 25
become N and S magnetic poles, the thrust acquired is that obtained by approximate
upward translation, over a prescribed width, of the thrust due to the permanent magnet 60
and resilient support members 80, as illustrated in FIG. 4. In other words, regardless of the
position to which the movable element 50 is displaced, the thrust acquired will be greater,
by a substantially fixed amount of displacement, than the thrust due to the permanent
magnet 60 and resilient support members 80. If a current of NI=100 (AT) is applied, the
curve of thrust will, conversely, undergo a downward translation.

The reasons for the above are as follows: When the N and S poles are produced in the end
faces 23, 25 of the stationary element 10, as shown in FIG. 6, by passing current into the
coil 30, a repulsion force acts between the end faces 23, 53 on the left side and an
attraction force acts between the end faces 25, 54 on the right side, as a result of which a

leftward directed force acts upon the movable element 50. If the movable element 50 is
moved to the left, on the other hand, the attraction force acting between the end faces 25,
54 on the right side increases but the repulsion force acting between the end faces 23, 53
on the left side decreases. The overall result is that a thrust which attempts to move the
movable element 50 to the left is substantially constant at any position.

In the present invention, yet another thrust is at work. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6,
magnetic flux G from the pole face of the permanent magnet 60 on the side to which the
high-permeability member 57 is attached passes through the outer peripheral surface of
the coil 30, penetrates the interior of the coil 30 and is guided so as to point in the
directions of the N and S magnetic poles of the coil 30 in the center yoke portion 17.
Therefore, in accordance with Fleming's rule, as shown in FIG. 7 (which illustrates the coil
30 as seen from the right side of FIG. 6, wherein current flows in the direction indicated in
FIG. 7 when N and S poles are formed by the coil 30 in the manner shown in FIG. 6), when a
current is passed into the coil 30, thrust directed out of the plane of the paper (i.e., to the
right in FIG. 6) acts upon an upper segment 301 of the coil 30, no thrust acts upon left and
right segments 303, 305, respectively of the coil 30, and a thrust directed into the plane of
the paper (i.e., to the left in FIG. 6) acts upon a lower segment 307 of the coil. However,
since the flux that passes through the lower segment 307 of the coil is much smaller than
the flux that passes through the upper segment 301 of the coil, the end result is that a
thrust directed to the right in FIG. 6 acts upon the coil 30.

Since the stationary element 10 is fixed, a thrust directed to the left acts upon the movable
element 50 by counteraction. Accordingly, in addition to the thrust produced by the
electromagnetic force of the coil 30, a thrust in accordance with Fleming's rule acts in the
same direction. As a consequence, the overall thrust attempting to drive the movable
element 50 increases. In a case where an electric current flows into the coil 30 in the
opposite direction, the thrust in accordance with Fleming's rule also acts in the opposite
direction. In this embodiment, the high-permeability member 57 is attached to the pole
face on the side of the permanent magnet 60 opposing the outer peripheral surface of the
coil 30. As a result, magnetic flux is capable of concentrating at this pole face and the flux
can be guided inwardly in an effective manner through the outer peripheral side of the coil
30. Accordingly, the thrust in accordance with Fleming's rule is increased.

A method of driving the vibration generator 1 will be described next.

When no current is flowing into the coil 30, the resilient support members 80 hold the
movable element 50 at the neutral position, as shown in FIG. 2.

If current (NI=100 AT) is supplied to the coil 30 from the current supply means 100, the
end faces 23, 25 of the stationary element 10 are excited into S and N magnetic poles,
respectively, as shown in FIG. 6, so that the end face 54 of the coil 30 is pulled toward the
end face 25 (i.e., leftward in FIG. 6). The reason for this is that thrust is negative at
displacement x=0, as indicated by the lowermost curve in FIG. 4. If the direction of the

current supplied to the coil 30 is reversed (NI=+100 AT) when the end face 54 of the
movable element 50 approaches the end face 25, then thrust becomes as indicated by the
uppermost curve in FIG. 4. Since this pulls the movable element 50 in the opposite
direction (rightward in FIG. 6), the movable element 50 starts moving in the opposite
direction.

By repeatedly reversing the electric current in conformity with the oscillation frequency of
the movable element 50, the movable element 50 is caused to move in the opposite
direction immediately before the end faces 53, 54 of the movable element 50 contact the
end faces 23, 25 of the stationary element 10 (that is, the end faces 23, 25 never contact
the end faces 53, 54) so that the movable element 50 can be made to vibrate repeatedly.

In this embodiment, the movable element 50 is supported by the pair of left and right
resilient support members 80. As a result, the movable element 50 can be made to
undergo approximate translational motion in the transverse direction, the motion of the
end faces 53, 54 of movable element 50 relative to the end faces 23, 25 of the stationary
element 10 can be made to undergo approximate translational motion, and the gap 27
between the high-permeability member 57 and the stationary element 10 is rendered
substantially constant. Thus, the structure is one which does not disturb the magnetic path,
as a result of which stable vibration is assured.

It should be noted that an arrangement may be adopted in which the following operation is
repeated: A current is passed into the coil 30, thereby causing the movable element 50 to
be attracted toward end face 23 or 25, and the supply of current is subsequently halted,
thereby allowing the movable element 50 to vibrate at a predetermined resonance
frequency. Then, when this vibration has attenuated, current is passed into the coil 30
again to enlarge the amplitude of vibration of the movable element 50, after which the
current is halted again. Further, current may be supplied in pulsed form at a timing other
than that mentioned above. If such an arrangement is adopted, current need not be
supplied constantly, thereby making it possible to reduce power consumption.

In this embodiment, coil springs are used as the resilient support members 80. Since the
coil portions 81 of these coil springs twist, the arms 83, 85 on both sides of the coil portions
81 need only flex by a small amount. In comparison with the leaf spring 220 shown in FIG.
8, therefore, durability of the resilient support members 80 when they are vibrated is
enhanced greatly and problems such as breakage due not arise even when the device is
vibrated over an extended period of time. In particular, since the coil portions 81 are not
axially supported as by shaft members or the like in this embodiment, they are in a free
state. This is ideal because it eliminates friction that would otherwise be produced by axial
support.

Further, since one permanent magnet 60 forming part of the movable element 50 is
adopted in this embodiment, the number of permanent magnets is reduced over the priorart example of FIG. 8, thereby lowering cost.

According to this embodiment, both sides of the movable element are provided with arms
extending toward the stationary element, and the inner side surfaces of the arms serve as
end faces that oppose both end faces of the stationary element across the prescribed gaps.
Such a configuration has a low center of gravity and left-right symmetry, which provide
stability. The result is stable vibration.

Though an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the
invention is not limited to this embodiment and can be modified in various ways within the
scope of the claims and within the scope of the technical concept set forth in the
specification and drawings overall. Shapes, numbers and materials that appear in the
embodiment are not restrictive in nature and any shapes, numbers and materials will
suffice so long as they manifest the effects of the present invention.

For example, the shapes, structures and materials of the stationary element, movable
element, coil and high-permeability member, etc., can be modified in various ways. Further,
it goes without saying that the vibration generator according to the present invention is not
limited to use in a portable device and can be applied to any device in which vibration is
desired to be produced.

The present invention provides a number of advantages, described below.

(1) Since one pole face of the permanent magnet is made to oppose the stationary
element, the movable element can be constructed with good balance from a single
permanent magnet.

(2) By placing one pole face of the permanent magnet so as to oppose the outer peripheral
side surface of the coil, there is formed a magnetic path in which the magnetic flux that
emerges from the pole face of the permanent magnet passes through the outer peripheral
side of the coil, penetrates the interior of the coil and then is guided in the direction in
which the stationary element is magnetized by the coil. As a result, when current is passed
into the coil, thrust in accordance with Fleming's rule is applied into addition to thrust
produced by the electromagnetic force generated by the coil, thereby increasing the overall
thrust that drives the movable element.

(3) In a case where a high-permeability member is attached to the pole face of the
permanent magnet on the side opposing the outer side surface of the coil, whereby
magnetic flux collects at the pole face, the flux can be caused to concentrate at the pole
face and the flux can be guided inwardly in an effective manner through the outer
peripheral side of the coil. This makes it possible to increase the thrust produced by
Fleming's rule so that the thrust that drives the movable element can be increased further.

(4) Both sides of the movable element are provided with arms extending toward the
stationary element, and the inner side surfaces of the arms serve as end faces that oppose
both end faces of the stationary element across the prescribed gaps. Such a configuration
has a low center of gravity and left-right symmetry, which provide stability. The result is
stable vibration.

(5) Since coil springs are used as the resilient support members, no problems arise even if
the movable element is vibrated for an extended period of time, and durability is enhanced
greatly. Since the coil springs possess excellent durability with respect to vibration, they
can be reduced in length. This contributes to miniaturization. In addition, attaching the coil
springs is easy and simple.

(6) Since the movable element is supported by a pair of resilient support members, motion
of the movable element can be made approximate translational motion in the transverse
direction. Thus, the structure is one which does not disturb the magnetic path, as a result of
which stable vibration is assured.

(7) The stationary element is obtained by securing the fixed-element yoke having the coil
attached thereto to the base made of synthetic resin. As a result, the stationary element is
reduced in weight overall.

(8) A single permanent magnet is sufficient for forming part of the movable element,
thereby making it possible to lower cost.

(9) The structure of the device is simplified and lends itself to a reduction in size.

Judul:
Getaran generator untuk aplikasi seismik
Amerika Serikat Paten 7136325

Abstrak:
Generator getaran dapat digunakan untuk aplikasi seismik, menghasilkan getaran untuk
eksplorasi dekat-permukaan subsoils hingga 150 meter. Mengandung dua kumparan
diaktifkan dengan AC saat ini atau pulsa elektrik lainnya, generator digabungkan ke objek
untuk diselidiki oleh unsur-unsur yang cocok. Dalam adalah batin perumahan, perumahan
luar movably mendukung, pada sisi berlawanan, dua kumparan yang terhubung melalui
perumahan batin. Satu kumparan diaktifkan secara terus menerus dan cadangan dengan
gelombang positif komponen AC sinyal kontrol terkini; pada saat yang sama kumparan lain
berganti dengan komponen gelombang negatif. Hasilnya, gerakan getaran yang
dikendalikan, juga dicapai dengan tegangan DC. Karena hukum aksi dan reaksi, gerakan
getaran yang dilewatkan ke elemen kopling memungkinkan gerakan ke dalam obyek yang
sedang diselidiki. Berbeda dengan sistem kumparan konvensional bergerak untuk
transduksi elektromekanis getaran, generator ini didasarkan pada alat magnetik ringanlogam.
1. getaran generator terdiri dari perumahan luar, coupling berarti untuk kopling kata luar
perumahan ke objek harus diselidiki; sepasang menentang kumparan Core dipasang dalam
mengatakan luar perumahan; sepasang kumparan setiap movably dipasang pada inti
kumparan yang terkait; perumahan batin diatur dalam mengatakan luar perumahan dan
memandang kaku dijamin dikatakan gulungan; energi berarti untuk alternatif energi
kumparan mengatakan untuk memindahkan setiap kumparan ketika energi dalam arah
yang berlawanan arah di mana kumparan lain bergerak ketika berkata kumparan lain
energi, dimana kata batin perumahan disebabkan untuk membalas dalam mengatakan luar
perumahan, dan getaran yang diberikan untuk perumahan luar dan cara ini ke objek harus
diselidiki.

2. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, terdiri lebih lanjut promosi geser
berarti antara kumparan kata Core dan kata kumparan bahan magnetis netral untuk
mempromosikan gerakan geser antara kata kumparan dan Core kumparan yang terkait.

3. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 2, di mana kata sarana promosi geser
terdiri dari kuningan lengan.

4. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kata batin perumahan
memiliki volume yang berongga pada masing-masing dua wajah frontal yang menerima
kumparan dan di mana kata kumparan Core proyek.

5. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 4, dimana setiap volume berongga,
diliputi oleh kumparan yang terkait kumparan inti proyek, ditutup ke volume lainnya
dengan dasar yang adalah bagian dari kata batin perumahan.

6. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 5, dimana pegas dibuang kata frontal
wajah antara kata Core coil dan berkata pantat kata batin perumahan.

7. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kata batin perumahan terdiri
dari volume untuk memasukkan tambahan massa.

8. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kata berarti energi terdiri dari
perangkat kontrol elektronik yang output mengatakan gulungan listrik osilasi atau kacangkacangan, yang memiliki seberang polaritas.

9. generator getaran sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana setidaknya salah satu dari
kata luar dan/atau batin perumahan disediakan dengan pickup percepatan.

10. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kata kumparan Core terdiri
dari paduan logam magnetis lembut.

11. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kata kumparan cores telah
masing-masing dilengkapi dengan ventilasi saluran yang memanjang dari volume kata luar
perumahan ke volume berongga terkait kata batin perumahan.

12. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana kopling perumahan luar
mengatakan elemen disediakan untuk kopling kata generator untuk objek untuk
diinvestigasi.

13. getaran generator sebagai diklaim dalam klaim 1, dimana selongsong kuningan
dibuang antara setiap coil dan inti kumparan yang terkait.
LATAR BELAKANG PENEMUAN

1. bidang penemuan

Penemuan yang berkaitan dengan sebuah generator getaran seismik aplikasi terdiri dari
perumahan, di mana kumparan, diaktifkan dengan AC saat ini atau pulsa listrik, dibantu
dan yang digabungkan melalui elemen kopling ke objek penyelidikan.

2. penjelasan tentang seni terkait

Dalam bahan baku eksplorasi seismik getaran metode untuk menjelajahi Geofisika subsoil
dalam struktur dan bahan sifat bekerja. Untuk tujuan ini diterapkan gelombang longitudinal
dan melintang. Keunggulan penting metode adalah sinyal dapat dikontrol, reproduktibilitas
bermutu tinggi, penentuan tepat waktu tunda sinyal dan sering kerusakan dan environtal
yang rendah dibandingkan dengan sumber-sumber pulsa (misalnya bahan peledak).

Metodologi yang sama ini juga cocok untuk menjelajahi dekat-permukaan tanah dari
sampai beberapa ratus meter kedalaman untuk tugas-tugas Teknik Geofisika. Namun,
sebagai suatu peraturan, peralatan yang digunakan dalam eksplorasi seismik eksitasi
terlalu besar untuk aplikasi dekat-permukaan, terlalu berat dan teknis terlalu rumit, karena
servohydraulic yang lazim digunakan mengemudi teknologi untuk dapat menggunakannya
pada biaya yang dibenarkan pada skala yang jauh berkurang ukuran.

Untuk dekat-permukaan tugas dengan proses getaran, sistem mengemudi listrik akan lebih
cocok, karena mereka memerlukan pengeluaran jauh kurang teknis. Getaran Generator
didorong cara ini berhasil bekerja sebagai contoh dalam pengujian bahan stasioner. Dalam
sistem ini, bergerak kumparan sistem (defleksi Coil di toroida inti magnet) mirip dengan
sebuah loudspeaker dinamis digunakan untuk mengkonversi listrik menjadi energi mekanik.
Secara teknis bermasalah adalah bimbingan gesekan-kurang tepat kumparan bergerak
dalam inti toroida hadapan pasukan radial. Selain itu, kuat permanen magnet toroida
memerlukan berat besar.
RINGKASAN DARI PENEMUAN

Peralatan yang mengambil alih dari teknik ini juga telah digunakan untuk dekat-permukaan
eksplorasi Geofisika. Namun, sistem yang tersedia di pasar berat untuk digunakan di
bidang berat badan mereka relatif besar (sekitar 100 kg untuk Gelombang transversal
exciter tanpa pasokan unit). Mengambil menjadi pertimbangan diperbolehkan membawa
beban bagi orang-orang, setidaknya 4 orang diperlukan untuk transportasi di lapangan.
Selanjutnya, pasokan diperlukan dengan 220 atau 110 V induk tegangan atau power
Generator mengarah pada kekurangan logistik dan juga proses tergantung karena arus
gangguan induktif mungkin. Dalam hubungan ini, sering lingkungan melalui tegangan
kehidupan menakuti tinggi, karena kabel yang bisa mungkin rusak, juga tidak dapat
dikesampingkan.

Penemuan menghilangkan kekurangan dari seni sebelumnya. Penemuan membahas

masalah menyediakan mudah portabel dan mudah wieldable getaran generator dengan
mana getaran untuk eksplorasi Geofisika dekat-permukaan tanah struktur dapat dilakukan
hingga kedalaman sekitar 150 meter.

Penemuan terdiri dari bahwa di luar perumahan Generator getaran perumahan batin
dibuang, bahwa perumahan luar pada menentang sisi mendukung dua kumparan Core,
pada masing-masing satu kumparan displaceably didukung dan dua kumparan yang
terhubung dengan satu sama lain melalui perumahan umum batin, dengan dua gulungan
yang bergantian diaktifkan dengan energi listrik.

Jika satu kumparan diaktifkan terus bolak awalnya dengan gelombang positif komponen AC
sinyal kontrol terkini dan kumparan lain dengan komponen negatif gelombang, hasil
gerakan berbasis kekuatan getaran massa reaksi sebagai fungsi frekuensi AC diterapkan
saat ini. Efek yang sama diperoleh dengan bergantian aplikasi tegangan DC untuk dua
kumparan. Melalui hukum aksi dan reaksi gerakan ini ditularkan ke elemen kopling dan cara
ini izin memperkenalkan gerakan getaran ke dalam obyek yang harus diselidiki.

Berbeda dengan sistem kumparan bergerak konvensional digunakan untuk transduksi

elektromekanis getaran, sistem menurut penemuan didasarkan pada operasi fungsional
alat besi-lembut, seperti juga digunakan, misalnya, dalam katup magnetik listrik dikontrol.
Untuk menghasilkan gerakan dalam arah yang berlawanan, dua elemen fungsi terhubung
malah digabungkan. Unsur-unsur ditambah coil dan inner perumahan meliputi itu
membentuk massa reaksi bergerak (inert massa). Core coil untuk magnet dari bahan yang
lembut magnetis ditampilkan terhubung dengan perumahan luar (yang dihasilkan dari
bahan yang ringan yang juga konduktor panas yang baik, seperti aluminium), juga untuk
alasan untuk memberikan cukup disipasi panas yang dihasilkan oleh arus eddy di inti. Pada
prinsipnya, sebagai alternatif disposisi dipertukarkan kumparan elemen dan Core juga
mungkin, namun, dalam kasus disipasi panas yang dihasilkan di inti bermasalah. Luar
perumahan yang berfungsi sebagai elemen kopling untuk tujuan penyelidikan terhubung,
tergantung pada kebutuhan, melalui gesekan coupling, beralur garpu atau sambungan bolt,
kekuatan yang pantas di bawah aspek-aspek yang elastis dengan objek penyelidikan.

Karena arah di mana arus mengalir melalui kumparan signifikan untuk pengoperasian alat
besi lembut yang fungsional, salah satu tiang Coil setiap terhubung bersama-sama, yang
berfungsi sebagai massa. Jika satu kumparan diaktifkan dengan lancar melalui kedua tiang
Coil, inti magnetis lembut (feromagnetik) dalam kumparan ini adalah magnet dan ditarik
dengan kekuatan yang besar ke Medan magnet kumparan. Ini mengarah ke sebuah
gerakan massa reaksi ke sisi inti ini. Ketika saat ini dimatikan, efek angkatan ini tiba-tiba
berhenti. Kumparan kedua bertindak secara identik untuk arah yang berlawanan gerak.
Bimbingan elemen kumparan berlangsung melalui inti silinder melalui tabung kuningan
berdinding tipis (diamagnetic) di pedalaman kumparan tubuh, dengan transisi yang disusun
sebagai sebuah slide yang cocok dengan pelumas permanen. Dengan cara ini kekuatan
radial urutan besarnya cukup dapat diserap. Dua springs dibuang antara unsur-unsur coil

dan Core atau, atau, antara unsur-unsur coil dan perumahan kopling melayani untuk posisi
massa reaksi dalam posisi nol ketika sinyal kontrol dimatikan. Pasukan musim semi adalah
urutan besarnya di bawah pasukan secara elektromagnetis memprakarsai dan hampir tidak
mempengaruhi mereka. Untuk menghindari paket udara redaman dalam volume kepala
inti, vented melalui saluran.

Sebagai fungsi dari polaritas dan amplitudo sinyal kontrol diberi makan, kontrol elektronik
perangkat mendistribusikan Terapan supply arus (misalnya baterai, 12-24 V) untuk dua
kumparan. Dengan cara ini, gerakan mekanis dapat dimodulasi amplitudo dan frekuensi.
Untuk perangkat yang dijelaskan di sini, sinyal kontrol persegi terutama diterapkan, karena,
karena inersia massa, bentuk tepat amplitudo sinyal kontrol adalah sekunder penting.
Inersia massa sistem mekanis bentuk gerakan mekanis sinusoidal dari sinyal frekuensidimodulasi kontrol persegi panjang. Untuk mengatur kekuatan mekanik, lebar pulsa sinyal
kontrol juga dapat digunakan.

Khusus keuntungan dari prinsip fungsional ini adalah:

ada magnet permanen diperlukan, yang menghasilkan massa kecil dan dimensi,
Angkatan yang dihasilkan sebanding di alun-alun sekarang, memulai
karena tegangan suplai rendah sebaiknya 12-24 v, membahayakan lingkungan dalam
bidang operasi hampir mustahil.

Struktur generator getaran ini adalah terutama sederhana dan fungsi operasi independen
radial gangguan jika antara Core coil dan kumparan lengan dibuang sebagai sebuah slide
yang cocok, yang terdiri dari bahan yang memiliki sifat geser yang baik dan menjadi
magnetis netral (misalnya diamagnetic). Selongsong kuningan sebaiknya dibuang sebagai
sebuah slide yang cocok.

Generator getaran ini mendukung kemudahan pembuatannya sehingga yang mencakup

perumahan batin wajah frontal dengan dua satu berongga volume masing-masing, masingmasing yang diliputi oleh kumparan dan ke mana proyek Core coil.

Alasan dari struktur sederhana, sesuai dengan penggunaannya, Generator getaran ini, itu
menguntungkan jika volume berongga, yang masing-masing mencakup oleh kumparan dan
ke mana proyek Core coil, ditutup menuju bagian dalam dengan dasar, yang merupakan
bagian dari perumahan batin.

Untuk penyesuaian posisi nol generator getaran ini sangat menguntungkan, jika wajahwajah depan antara Core coil dan inner perumahan satu musim semi setiap dibuang.
Melalui pilihan cocok nol penyesuaian Springs, pasukan statis (misalnya bumi gravitasi)

bertindak dari luar juga dapat dikompensasikan jika exciter getaran tidak diposisikan
secara horizontal.

Agar mampu menerapkan generator getaran ini dengan getaran yang berbeda massa,
sangat menguntungkan jika perumahan batin terdiri dari gedung massa tambahan
insertable.

Untuk mengizinkan generator getaran untuk beroperasi secara efektif dalam cara
sederhana, hal ini berguna jika kumparan diberi makan dari perangkat kontrol elektronik,
yang output listrik osilasi atau pulsa bolak-balik dalam waktu untuk kumparan.

Untuk dapat beradaptasi getaran getaran generator untuk mengukur pertimbangan yang
diperlukan dan mengukur benda, hal ini berguna bahwa awalnya luar dan/atau perumahan
batin disediakan dengan pickup percepatan, agar bisa dalam kasus ini kemudian untuk
melaksanakan suasana yang menguntungkan dari perangkat kontrol berdasarkan nilai-nilai
diukur percepatan.

Hal ini menguntungkan untuk generator getaran jika Core kumparan terdiri dari paduan
logam magnetis lembut.

Guna mendapatkan dalam getaran generator unbraked dan undamped getaran, sangat
menguntungkan jika Core kumparan disediakan dengan saluran ventilasi, yang memanjang
dari volume kepala inti ke dalam perumahan luar.

Bidang aplikasi khusus exciter getaran ini adalah eksplorasi seismik dekat permukaan
hingga kedalaman penetrasi 150 m sebaiknya dengan sumber-sumber sinyal buatan, tetapi
juga dapat digunakan dalam materi pengujian. Getaran exciter menghasilkan dimodulasi
frekuensi mekanis melintang osilasi, ditentukan oleh sinyal kontrol listrik, dengan panjang
didefinisikan dan modulasi sebaiknya dalam kisaran frekuensi 1 Hz untuk 300 Hz. Kereta
gelombang yang dihasilkan dengan cara ini menjalar seperti gelombang elastis (geser
wave) dengan kecepatan yang khas dari bahan (kecepatan gelombang geser) di objek
penyelidikan, tercermin dan terdaftar oleh cocok sensor (geophones atau percepatan
pickup) dibuang pada objek penyelidikan dan disimpan dalam bentuk digital. Kemudian
korelasi salib ini memerlukan sinyal terdaftar tempat dengan operator identik termodulasi
korelasi, yang, sebagai suatu peraturan, dikembangkan sinusoidally untuk menghindari
harmonik. Hasil dari operasi ini adalah sinyal formulir denyut nadi, atas dasar yang
propagasi waktu tunda, dibandingkan dengan sinyal awal, kecepatan bahan dan struktur
material dapat ditentukan melalui jalur gelombang.

Karena kontrol listrik dan elektromekanis transduksi, sinyal awal direproduksi tingkat tinggi,
sehingga penumpukan sejumlah sinyal yang dipancarkan secara fraksional muka tanpa
kehilangan kualitas. Melalui proses korelasi, waktu yang tepat penyesuaian dengan sinyal

kontrol dan perilaku gerak, mengetuk oleh berarti pickup percepatan, dapat dicapai
sedemikian rupa sehingga, dibandingkan dengan metode pulsa, tekad kecepatan jauh lebih
tepat mungkin. Karena perpanjangan waktu sinyal, dengan eksitasi hanya kecil pasukan
seketika terjadi, yang mengizinkan sebuah penyelidikan objek hampir bebas kehancuran.

Pickup getaran menurut penemuan dapat terdiri dari cara berbeda pengancing kopling ke
objek penyelidikan atau tanah.

Untuk beberapa generator getaran misalnya untuk tanah yang lembut, pengancing berarti
menyapu dapat diterapkan dan batu sudut lembaran logam yang dapat sekrup-diikatkan
seperti itu.

Exciter getaran dapat diterapkan secara khusus dalam

proses seismik Pembiasan
refleksi seismik proses
proses seismik vertikal (VSP)
tomografi terhitung proses seismik.

DESKRIPSI SINGKAT DARI GAMBAR

What follows is an explanation of the essence of the invention in further detail in

conjunction with one embodiment that is represented schematically in the drawing. The
one drawing depicts a block circuit diagram of the vibration generator according to the
present invention.
PENJELASAN RINCI TENTANG SANGAT PENEMUAN

Perangkat digambarkan sebagai berikut dan digambarkan dalam mungkin membuat

gambar eksitasi dimodulasi frekuensi gelombang transversal sebaiknya pada rentang
frekuensi Hz 1-300 dari DC saat ini sumber energi yang memanfaatkan misalnya tersedia
secara komersial 12 V aki mobil. Di sekitar 5 kg berat bersih, perangkat dapat diangkut
oleh satu orang tanpa masalah.

Di luar perumahan 1 kumparan Core 2 dipasang pada menentang sisi dengan bantuan
keling sendi 3. Pada kumparan Core 2 slide kuningan lengan 4 yang dicakup oleh kumparan
5 dan yang merupakan bagian dari batin perumahan 6.

5 kumparan diaktifkan dari perangkat kontrol 7 melalui garis listrik 8 bolak-balik dalam
waktu. Kumparan 5 keduanya terhubung melalui kabel satu 9 setiap listrik tanah 10.

Sebagai komponen batin perumahan 6 kumparan 5 bergetar terus bolak selama operasi.
Berongga volume 11, dicakup oleh kumparan, yang memperpanjang kumparan Core 2,
harus memiliki ventilasi dan dibuang jika getar batin perumahan 6 berlangsung bebas dan
undamped. Ini ventilasi dan ventilasi di kumparan Core 2 saluran 12 disediakan. Tapi
ventilasi dan ventilasi juga dapat mengambil tempat melalui lubang-lubang di pantat 13
berongga volume 11. Melayani Springs 14 antara pantat 13 dan wajah depan kumparan
Core 2 untuk menentukan posisi nol batin perumahan 6.

The inner housing 6 comprises between the two hollow volumes 11 a volume 15 for the
introduction of an additional mass. In the inner housing 6 as well as also on the outer
housing 1 is disposed an acceleration measuring device 16. The coupling elements 17
disposed on the outer housing 1 represent rakes, with which the vibration pickup according
to the invention is coupled to investigation objects, also not shown.