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PART 2 PRODUCTS
MATERIALS
Forms
1. Use the plywood, metal, or surfaced lumber forms where it will best
give the most advantage in the specific concrete work involved.
2. For the beams and columns, use not less than (12mm thick) plywood
forms for exposed concrete and 20mm T & G for covered concrete.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION
a. Check all forms to the shape, lines and dimensions of the members as
called for in the plans.
6 3 b. Check all formwork for plumbness and correct alignment.
c. Provide openings in column forms for cleaning and inspection
preferably at lowest points of pour lifts.
d. Provide camber for cantilever and long spans or as indicated in the
construction notes.
e. Coat all forms with form oil before reinforcement is placed. Remove
all surplus oil on forms.
6mm
10mm
II For exposed corner columns, control joints, groves and other
conspicuous lines:
In any way 6m or more
In 12m or more
6mm
12mm
6 4 2. Variation from the level or from the grades indicated on the drawings:
I. In floors (before removal of forms), ceiling beams, soffits and
rises:
In 3m 6mm
In any way or 6m max 10mm
In 12m or more 10mm
3. Variation of the linear building lines from the established position in
plan and related position of columns, walls and partitions:
In any way or 6m max 12mm
In 12m or more 25mm
4. Variation in the sizes and location of sleeves, floor openings and
in thickness of slabs and wall openings ... . 6mm
5. Variation in cross-sectional dimensions of columns and beams and in
thickness of slabs and walls:
Minus 6mm
Plus 12mm
6. Footings
I. Variation of dimensions in plan
Minus 12mm Plus 50mm
(applies to concrete only and not to reinforcing bars or dowels.)
II. Misplacements of eccentricity, 5% at the footing width in the
direction of misplacement but not to exceed 50mm (applies to
DIVISION 3 - CONCRETE
c. Care must be taken when lifting long length bundles and it is
recommended that several lifting points be utilized to prevent
buckling. When removing individual sheets from bundles, they should
be lifted directly and not dragged.
d. Provide adequate protection against corrosion through painting of
corrosion inhibiting coats such as epoxy polyurethane type.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
MATERIALS
The decking shall be cold formed section manufactured from high
strength hot dipped zinc galvanized steel of 0.75mm thickness in
accordance with ASTM A446 Grade E and ASTM A525 G90. The base
steel shall have a minimum yield stress of 550 Mpa and minimum
coating mass of 275 gsm.
- 0.75mm thick CONDECK Panels by Construction Decking System
International Corporation or equivalent. In case of other systems,
submit technical literature and sample to the Engineer for review and
6 7 appropriate design modification.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION
Cutting and Openings
Structural decking can be cut using a power saw with suitable disk. When
cutting, the panels should be turned over with the ribs downward. If holes or
openings are required, these are classified as follows:
a. Less than 250mm (measured at right angles) requires no special
treatment. These holes or openings are usually for passage of other
trades or alternately they can be formed prior to the concrete pour,
and once the concrete has attained 70% of its design strength, the
panel can then be cut out by a hole saw or drill.
b. For openings of 250-750mm the decking can be reinforced prior to
the concrete pour by using reinforcing bars or small channels, welded
to the panel around the perimeter of the opening; this distributes the
loads to the adjoining panels.
c. For large predetermined openings greater than 750mm, such as for
stairs, elevators, etc., the most practical method generally is to supply
supplemental framing to the support system for the structural
decking.
Fixings
Deckings shall be accurately aligned, side laps fully lapped and the gap
between the abutting ends kept to a minimum. Panels should be aligned
over the support ensuring a minimum end bearing of 50mm by sliding them
into place with adjacent panels hard up against the precious one and the rib
overlapping the adjacent panel's rib. After panels have been placed over the
supports, they should be secured immediately against wind lift. Where
panels are acting as a work platform, care should be taken not to overload
panel after they have been erected. Heavy points should be distributed by
means of timber planking. Fix panels by use of nail directly to beam
formwork.
Propping
One or two lines of temporary props may be required in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendation or as shown in the drawings. Propping shall
consist of timber supported by a line of props adjusted to prevent settlement
during the concrete placement and curing. The propping must be designed
to support the weight of wet concrete plus a temporary construction load.
6 8 Provide caneite or similar materials between the props and panels to reduce
the effect of propping line since the exposed soffit will be used as ceiling.
Propping may be erected before or after the installation of the decking and
should be left until the concrete has reached sufficient strength of at least
70% of its design strength.
Side Lap Joints
Side lap shall be fastened by 16mmXgalO Hex head self drilling and tapping
screws which can be placed either through the side or through the top of the
ribs at quarter points of the span.
3.02 Negative and Secondary Reinforcements
Negative and secondary reinforcements shall be provided in accordance with
the drawings. Sufficient tied lap splices shall be provided in both direction.
3.03 Inspection
No concreting shall begin until lapping, reinforcement placement and
connectors have been inspected and approved by the Engineer.
3.04 Concrete Placing
Decking panels must be clear of grease, oil and dirt. The concrete should be
placed continuously and if the placing is interrupted, the construction joints
should be provided by stop boards located over supporting beams. The
concrete should be placed in accordance with Section 03300 of this
specifications. In addition, pouring shall be done parallel to the panels, this
is very important!
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
a. Steel Bars
1. Shall be new and free from rust, oil, grease, defects or kinks.
2. Shall conform to the latest edition of ASTM Designation A615
Specification for Deformed Billet Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement. Minimum yield strength shall be 275 Mpa for
main bars including column ties, slab rebars and 230 Mpa for
beam stirrups of 10mm dia. and lower.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION
a. Before placing reinforcement and before pouring of concrete, remove
all loose rust, mill scale, oil, or other adhering materials which tend to
reduce or destroy bond between concrete and reinforcement.
b. All bars shall be bent cold. Bends for stirrups and ties shall shall be
made around pins with & diameter of at least twice the thickness of
7 0 the bars; for bars 25mm and smaller, six times the thickness; for
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
a. Cement
Use only one brand of cement throughout. Portland cement shall
conform to the Standard Specifications for Portland Cement
(ASTM Designation C-150-latest revision) for type 1 Portland Cement.
7 3 b. Concrete Aggregates
1. Use well graded, clean hard particles or gravel or crushed rock
conforming to the "STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR
CONCRETE AGGREGATES" (ASTM Designation C-33 latest
revision).
2. Maximum size of aggregate shall not be larger than 1/5 of the
narrowest dimension between sides of the forms nor larger
than 3/4 of the maximum clear spacing between reinforcing
bars, and in no case larger than 33mm in diameter. Refer to
Construction Notes.
c. Water
Use water that is clean and free from injurious amounts of oils, acids,
alkali, organic materials or other deleterious substances.
d. Concrete Additives
Additives shall subject to approval of the Engineer. Submit technical
specifications of the proposed additives.
2.02 METHOD OF DETERMINING CONCRETE STRENGTH AND PROPORTIONS
a. Submit mix designs obtained from samples made in accordance with
"STANDARD METHOD OF MAKING AND CURING CONCRETE
COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE SPECIMENS" (ASTM Designation C192)
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION
a. Inspect and clean all forms and check all installations before placing
7 5 concrete.
b. Wet surfaces thoroughly and grout before placing concrete.
c. Clean all laitance from previous pouring and possibly aggregates
before renewing pouring.
3.02 DEPOSITING CONCRETE
a. Do depositing without segregation, rehandling or flowing of concrete.
Do it with the use of buggies, buckets, or wheelbarrows. Never allow
use of chutes except to transfer concrete from hoppers to buggies,
wheelbarrows or buckets in which case shall not exceed 6m in
aggregate length.
shall be reserved for the 28-day test. At least one test shall be made for each
day's concreting. Samples shall be secured and molded in accordance with
ASTM Specification C172 and C31.
The average strength of test samples representing each class of concrete
shall be equal to or greater than the specified strength and not more than
one test in ten shall have an average value less than 90% of the specified
strength.