Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.

INTRODUCTION

This report presents the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) carried out
for the redevelopment of Temana Field. The proposed Temana Redevelopment Project is
located approximately 43 km offshore Bintulu, Sarawak.
The EIA Report is prepared in an integrated manner to assess the potential environmental
impacts that may arise from the proposed offshore pipelines installation, platform
construction, modification and construction of onshore facilities.
Project Title
This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared for TEMANA
REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT, BINTULU, SARAWAK, hereinafter to be referred as the
Project'.

Environmental Legislative Requirement

The Temana Revelopment Project involves enhanced oil recovery development which
includes installation of new pipelines, platform and water injection system. Thus, this Project
will fall under the prescribed activity stipulated under the Item 12 of Environmental Quality
(Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987, as follows:
ITEM 12:
(a)

PETROLEUM

Oil and gas field development.

In accordance with the requirements of Section 34A of the Environmental Quality Act 1974,
the Project Proponent is required to submit an Environmental Impact Assessment report for
the Project for the approval of the Department of Environment (DOE), prior to project
implementation.

ES-1

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Project Proponent
The Project Proponent is PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. with their correspondence
address and contact person as follows:
Temana Redevelopment Project
PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd.
Level 23, Tower 1,
PETRONAS Twin Towers
Kuala Lumpur City Centre
50088 Kuala Lumpur
Contact Person:
Tel. No
:
Fax No
:

Ir. Jazdi Bin Jabil (Project Manager)

03-2331 3821
03-2331 8437

EIA Consultant
Scientige Sdn Bhd (SSB) in collaboration with Golden Ecosystem Sdn Bhd (GESB) was
appointed as the Environmental Consultants to carry out the Environmental Impact
Assessment study for this Project. Enquiries and correspondences pertaining to this report
can be made to:
Scientige Sdn. Bhd. (712879-H)
Level 11, Menara Dayabumi,
Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin,
50550 Kuala Lumpur.
Contact Person:
Tel. No
:
Fax No
:
Email
:

En. Mohammad Aman Samsurey

03-2267 2888
03-2272 2046
aman@scientige.com

Golden Ecosystem Sdn. Bhd. (534338-P)

48-3A, Jalan PJU 5/9, Dataran Sunway,
Kota Damansara,
47810 Petaling Jaya,
Selangor.
Contact Person:
Tel. No
:
Fax. No
:
Email
:

En. Azemi Bin Abu Bakar

03-6140 9701
03-6140 9702
azemi@gesbgroup.com.my

ES-2

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Project Location
The Project is located within Temana Field which is in the Balingian geological province,
approximately 43 km offshore Bintulu, Sarawak in water depth of between 25.1 m to 31.7 m.
BCOT (Bintulu Crude Oil Terminal) is located onshore in Bintulu, Sarawak and is the
receiving terminal for this Project. Figure ES-1 shows the Temana Field location.

Figure ES-1: Project Location

Statement of Need
The Temana Redevelopment Project involves reviewing and assessing the resource
potential and evaluating the options on resources development strategy as well as surface
facilities optimization. The Project involves re-utilization of non productive wells. The main
objective of the Temana Redevelopment Project is to improve the recovery factor from
34% to 56% (End of field life) with incremental reserves of 37.8 million stock tank barrels
(MMstb) crude oil through infill wells and pressure maintenance (water injection) by August
2014.
The prospective resources identified from a recent appraisal well discovery by optimizing the
existing asset such as platform slot, idle well and other production facilities. Based on detail
reservoir simulation study, the optimum production rate is expected to be about 7,000 stock
tank barrels per day (stb/d) from three (3) infill development wells.

ES-3

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

2.

Executive Summary

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

PETRONAS Carigali will be implementing the redevelopment of Temana Field. The Temana
Redevelopment project comprises mainly the development of I-60 and I-65 reservoirs with
the objective of improving recovery factor of 34% to 56% (end of life) with incremental
reserves of 37.8 MMstb crude oil through new infill wells and pressure maintenance (water
injection) by August 2014.
Figure ES-2 shows the schematic layout of the Project components.

Project Components
The Project comprises five (5) components:
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

New Onshore facilities: Temana Water Injection Module (TEWIM);

New Offshore facilities: Temana Water Intake Platform (TEWI) and Drilling platform
(TEJT-D);
Infill drilling: TEJT-D (new facility), TEJT-C and TEJT-W (existing facilities);
New offshore pipeline installation of six (6) new pipelines:
o 10 x 3.7 km seawater intake pipeline from TEWI to TEWIM
o 10 x 37 km water injection pipeline from TEWIM to TEJT-D
o 6 x 6 km water injection pipeline from TEJT-D to TEJT-C
o 6 x 1.1 km water injection pipeline from TEJT-C to TEJT-W
o 8 x 7.5 km fuel well stream (FWS) pipeline from TEJT-D to TEK-A
o 6 x 2.5 km gas pipeline from TEJT-T to TEJT-D
Platform modification and pipeline host tie-in on the existing platform

Project Implementation
The execution of offshore works are scheduled to be within 15 months beginning of August
2013 until end of October 2014, whilst execution of onshore works are expected to be
completed within a 14 month period beginning of September 2013 until end of October 2014.

ES-4

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Figure ES-2: Schematic Layout of the Proposed Temana Redevelopment Project

ES-5

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

3.

Executive Summary

EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Landuse
The onshore Project site (TEWIM) is currently a green and vacant land. Land use
surrounding the site within 1 km radius consists of BCOT facilities and MLNG facilities. Land
use surrounding the site up to 2 km radius mainly consists of oil, gas and petrochemical
plants such as MLNG DUA, MLNG TIGA, Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis (SMDS) and
Asian Bintulu Fertilizer (ABF). The land use between 2 km to 3 km radius surrounding the
site is the Bintulu Port, Kidurong Industrial Area (KINDA) and SESCO Power Station. The
land to the west is a vacant industrial lot. The nearest residential areas are Kampong Sungai
Plan Lot and some squatters area which are located at 4.3 km southeast of the site.
Bathymetry
Water depth for the area near the existing platforms and the proposed platform ranged from
25.1 m to 31.7 m and the seabed level of the study area was slightly dipping to the north with
general gradient of 1:1030 (<0.1). The superficial sediments obtained from the core
samples from the depth between 2.1m and 2.4m exhibited very soft to soft CLAY. The water
depth closest to TEJT-C Platform is approximately 26m and gradually decreases as it
approaches the shore.
Water depth along the 10 pipeline for water intake from offshore to BCOT clearance ranged
from a minimum of 1.6 m to a maximum of 16.8 m and the seabed level along the proposed
route is slightly dipping to the west northwest with a gentle gradient of 1:487 (0.02). The
seabed sediments derived from the core samples indicated of very soft grey CLAY.
Subsoil Condition
The subsoil characteristic of the proposed site is referred to the recent geotechnical
investigation report conducted in early April 2012 at two (2) deep boreholes. The report
indicates that water depth of these boreholes is at 12.7 m in average. The subsoil
encountered by the soil boring at these locations comprises generally clay and sand layers.

Geology
The coastal zone consists of sandy beach material. This strata overlies the Nyalau
Formation whose geological age is Eocene-Oligocene. The oldest rocks known as the Biban
Sandstone Member of the Nyalau Formation are of Lower Miocene age and consist of strong
sandstone and subordinate shale with some limestone. These rocks are deposited in a
shallow-water marine littoral to inner neritic environment. Overlying these rocks is the
Miocene Nyalau Formation. The Nyalau Formation successions were deposited during the
transgressive Miocene period.

ES-6

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Oceanography
The tidal regime in Bintulu is predominantly diurnal, implying that there is one high water and
one low water occurence during a tidal day. Bintulu experiences two (2) monsoonal changes.
The Northeast Monsoon which usually occurs between November to February brings strong
winds and heavy rainfall. Southwest Monsoon, which prevails during the later half of May or
early June to September, brings less intense rainfall. The scalar mean wind speeds are high
from December to February which is during the Northeast monsoon. The wind wave and
swell wave are high from November to March which is during the Northeast monsoon.

Meteorology
The climate of the study area is typically tropical with uniform temperature, high humidity and
heavy rainfall. The climate is strongly influenced by the Southwest and Northeast Monsoons.
The climatic data used in this report is based on data taken at Bintulu Station from Malaysian
Meteorological Department for a period between 2001 to 2010.
Baseline Study
Baseline sampling for marine water quality and seabed sediment quality was carried out
from 1st June to 10th June 2011. 27 sampling stations were located along five (5) platforms
and four (4) pipelines. One (1) control station designated as C1 was located at
approximately 2 km away from the Project site.

Marine Water Quality

Overall, all parameters analyzed for marine water quality were within the Marine Water
Quality Criteria and Standards for Malaysia (Class 3 Ports, Oil & Gas Field) (MWQCS).
Temperature
The temperature levels are comparable with the typical range for South China Sea (28C
32C) (Nasir, et. al., 1988). Hence the recorded temperatures reflect the normal temperature
of the South China Sea.
pH Value
This value is comparable to the Control Station (STC) which had an average of 7.74. The pH
levels were within the recommended level for aquatic environment (6.5 8.5), (Liong and
Subramaniam, 1990).
Salinity
The average results are comparable with the STC average level of 32.52ppt. It can be
considered that the water quality at the Temana Field is within the typical range of South
China Sea which is 32 ppt 35 ppt (Nasir, et. al., 1988).
Total Dissolved Solids
Based on the typical range for the South China Sea which is >35,000mg/l (Siobhan, 2011),
the TDS levels observed during this study are within this range indicating normal conditions.

ES-7

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Dissolved Oxygen
The DO levels recorded at the study area were higher than the Class 3 limit (3mg/l) by
MWQCS. The higher DO levels indicate that the water quality at the sampling stations is well
aerated and healthy.
Total Suspended Solid
Although the average value is slightly higher than the control station value of 4 mg/l but it
was much lower than the MWQCS limits of 100 mg/L. These results indicate that the area is
not experiencing much disturbance in terms of sediment suspension.
Total Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen
Results from the sampling conducted indicate that the nutrition status of the Temana Field is
relatively good.
Nitrate
The waters around the Temana Field in terms of nitrate shows a condusive environment for
the growth of marine plants as nitrate is a source of food.

Total Phosphate, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Oil &
Grease
The Project area during the sampling period is relatively unpolluted and results are within the
regulatory limits for the oil and gas industry in terms of these parameters. These levels
indicate low level of hydrocarbon pollutants in the area.
Heavy metals
It can be inferred that there is no heavy metal pollution in the study area during this sampling
period.
Seabed Sediment
Overall, all parameters analyzed were within the Dutch Intervention Values (DIV).
Marine Biology

Phytoplankton
Generally, twenty one (21) genus were recorded within the sampling locations. Diatoms
were found to be the most dominant group followed by Dinoflagellates. Densities of
phytoplankton recorded at all sampling locations ranged from 1.21 x 103 no. per litre to
11.55 x 103 no. per litre. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Indices (H) of the phytoplankton
communities at all sampling locations ranged from 1.03 to 1.88 which indicate that the
waters within the Temana Field is considered to have a healthy phytoplankton growth
and low level of pollution. It can also be concluded that there is a diverse phytoplankton
species in this study area.

Zooplankton
Twelve (12) different genus of zooplankton were identified within the study area and is
mostly dominated by the Copepods. The densities of zooplankton ranged from 0.11 no.
per liter (x103) to 3.19 no. per liter (x103) with an average value of 0.63 no. per liter (x103).
The average value recorded for all stations monitored along the pipeline route was
slightly lower compared to the control station value (0.88 no. per liter (X103). ShannonWiener Diversity Indices (H) for this area are considered to have low diversity of
zooplankton which ranged from 0.00 to 1.59 with an average of 0.69.

ES-8

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Macrobenthos
The most abundant phylum in the study area was identified to be Molluscs followed by
Pisces and Annelida, Anthropoda and Echinodermata. Macrobenthos density for all
locations ranged from 7,920 ind/m2 to 55,660 ind/m2 and were lower than the Control
Station (STC) level of 43,824 ind/m3. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Indices (H) ranged
from a value of 1.44 to 2.39 which are comparable to Control Station (STC) with value of
1.69. Based on the Diversity Index, it can be concluded that this study area experiences
low levels of pollution

Coral
There is a small coral reef, known as Batu Mandi located about 4 km offshore of Kuala
Sungai Likau, near the national park headquarters office and approximately 35 km from
Temana Field. The area can be noticeable from the national park only during low tide.
Therefore, as the Project site is located far away from environmental sensitive areas, there is
no concern in terms of potential impacts from the proposed Project development.
Turtle
In Sarawak, there are five (5) main species of turtles with 95% of all turtle landings in
Sarawak are found at the Turtle Island, which consists of Talang-Talang Besar, TalangTalang Kecil and Satang Besar. Turtle landings are also found along Kampong Puguh off
Semantan and off the Similajau near Bintulu. Turtle Island is located about 33 km North
West of Kuching and 390 km South West of Bintulu. The Project site is far away from turtle
migration route and landing area.
Fishery
In Sarawak, fisheries can generally be categorized as traditional and commercial fishing.
Traditional fishing is usually conducted in near shore waters using traditional fishing gear
(drift nets, seine nets, stake nets, hook and line). Commercial fisheries comprise inshore
fisheries and offshore fisheries. The common commercial fishing gears are trawl nets and
purse seine nets. Fishing activities are most active during the month of April where the sea
condition is more condusive for fishing activities. Majority of fishermen in Bintulu are coastal
fishermen.

Marine Traffic
The main port nearest to the Project site is the Bintulu Port. The distance from Temana
Platform B (TEP-B) to the Bintulu Port is about 30 km. The average daily arrival and
departure of coastal vessel recorded from 2005 2009 from Bintulu Port are 13 vessels per
day. As for marine traffic recorded for foreign vessels, average of 17 vessels per day were
recorded at Bintulu Port. As such, PETRONAS Carigali will need to plan the navigational
activities during the pipeline installation and establish proper communication with the Marine
Department of Sarawak.

ES-9

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

SOCIO-ECONOMY

The objective of this socio-economic assessment is to understand the current social and
economic status of individuals, households, groups and communities within the Project area.
Although the Project site encompasses onshore and offshore work, this socio-economic
survey covers only the onshore communities within a radius of 5km from the boundaries of
BCOT. The methodology involves data collection which included primary and secondary
data sources.
Findings of the survey indicated that, as the residential areas were located far away from
both offshore Project activities (approximately 43 km) and also onshore Project activities
(approximately 4.3 km), the redevelopment activities at Temana did not have any potential
negative impacts. However, positive economic impacts such as creation of employment
opportunities and increase in household income are anticipated.
The presence of the Project pipelines and platform is unlikely to impact the fishery activities
in this locality since Temana is an existing field. The BCOT Marine Safety and Security Zone
is already a restricted area since the late 1970s, the pipelines and platform are not expected
to impact fishing activities. During pipeline installation activities, it is estimated that an area
of about 3 km2 at one particular time will be restricted to the navigational activities
(particularly fishermen boats) to avoid incidents such as collision of vessels.
As a responsible multinational corporate organisation, PETRONAS is committed to
contribute to societal needs in its development of Malaysias oil and gas resources as part of
their corporate sustainability agenda. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programmes
have been conducted both locally in Malaysia and also internationally in countries where
PETRONAS has operations. PETRONAS provides an avenue for the fishermen to voice out
their opinions and requirements through annual engagements with the Fishermen
Association and in the presence of Sarawak Fisheries Department. Besides the community
engagements, PETRONAS has also conducted many social programmes for the public in
Sarawak and other states in Malaysia as part of their CSR contribution to the society.
5

IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The impact assessments for this Project were prepared based on the Project activities such
as pipeline installation, construction of platform and TEWIM facilities, hook-up, testing and
pre-Commissioning, operation and abandonment and decommissioning.
With implementation of recommended mitigation measures throughout project execution as
summarized in Table ES-1, the assessment on potential environmental impacts that may
arise from project activities have been found to be mainly localized, short-term and
insignificant.

ES-10

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Executive Summary

Table ES-1: Impact Assessment and Proposed Mitigation Measures

Project Activity
Impact Assessment
OFFSHORE INSTALLATION ACTIVITIES
Atmospheric Emission
Installation works at the
offshore comprises the
Emission sources to the atmosphere during the pipe
following activities:
laying and platform installation activities are mainly from
generators, welding equipment and barge exhaust. Other
Transportation of
sources of emission are fugitive release of volatile
materials;
organic compounds from fuel bunkering activities and
cleaning solvent. Overall impacts from these emission
Pipeline and platform
sources are expected to be insignificant since the
installation; and
emission will be mainly transient in nature.
Vessel anchoring and
pipeline laying.
Water Quality
The deck drainage, engine cooling water and bilge from
the vessels involved in the pipeline and platform
installation works are of concern as they may contain low
levels of oil and grease. Engine cooling water quantities
are generally small and therefore the effect of the
elevated temperatures on the marine waters will not be
significant.
There will be generation of sewage and domestic
wastewater from a number of personnel on board the
various vessels. The sewage and domestic wastewaters
and their respective pollutant loads can be considered
relatively small against the vast ocean waters. The larger
pipeline installation vessels and support vessels are likely
to provide basic treatment of sewage prior to discharge to
sea.
Accidental spillage of diesel fuel and/or lubricating oils in
significant amount will result in the formation of visible
surface sheen in the marine waters. These will affect the
fish population.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

All engines and machinery used must be well

maintained to ensure complete combustion of fuel to
reduce or eliminate black smoke emission.
Volatile chemicals containers must be tightly closed and
stored in a cool room at all time.

The vessels are usually fitted with suitable slop tanks

for the collection of waste oils (scheduled wastes).
Used oil and spent/waste oil generated during the
construction works from machines, generators, etc.
shall be collected and disposed off-site by licensed
contractors.
Storage and handling of scheduled wastes is to be
carried out according to the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005.
Oily effluents from the vessels must be treated to meet
MARPOL requirements of 15 mg/l.
Emergency response and contingency plans will be put
in place for response to accidental events.
Oil spill kits which shall include absorbent pads will be
made available onboard the vessels, which can be used
to arrest spills onboard the vessel, preventing
contamination of the deck area and minimize the
discharge of oily deck runoffs into the marine waters.

ES-11

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Offshore Installation
Activities (cont)

Executive Summary

Impact Assessment

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Seabed Sediment

The anchoring activities of pipeline and platform

installation vessels, such as the conventionally moored
pipe lay barge, will leave behind anchor scars on the
seabed floor. The anchor scars can remain over a
substantial period of time and the disturbances to the
seabed morphology are usually of medium term duration.
Destruction of benthic habitats is the main concern;
however, the effects are often localized and the loss of
benthic habitats temporary due to re-colonization within a
short duration after the disturbances have ceased.

The installation period should be optimized to reduce

the installation time; thus re-colonization or
reestablishment of new communities will occur in a
shorter duration.
Anchors should be placed at pre-determined locations
as per approved anchor pattern to minimize the risk of
anchors dragging which could smother the benthic
organism.
Select pipeline route and tow path to minimize impact.
Deploy ROV to visually inspect the pipeline to ensure
that the pipelines are installed properly on the seabed.
Use support vessels to deploy and recover anchors and
anchor pennants to lift the anchors.

Extent of this impact will only be experienced at the

anchor drop location along the pipeline route. Therefore,
the potential impact will not be significant since the length
of pipelines to be installed is between 1.1 km 37.0 km.

Underwater Noise Emissions and Vibration

Underwater noise emissions and sonic vibration will be
caused by the installation activities of the pipelines and
platform and from the vessels. However, the potential for
adverse impacts to these marine mammals is relative low
given that the installation activities are short-term, and the
usual tendency for the marine mammals to move away
from the source of noise.

The installation activity should be optimized to reduce

the installation time, and to reduce disturbance to
marine life.

The installation activity should be optimized to reduce

the installation time to reduce disturbance to marine life.
Planning of anchoring pattern to avoid unnecessary
scars and to minimize the risk of anchors dragging
which could smother the benthic organism. Avoid soft
grounds which are prone to anchor dragging.
Pre-determine selected pipeline routes and tow path to
minimize impact to the bottom sediment.

Marine Biology
During the pipeline installation, selected activities such as
anchoring and physical placements of the pipelines on
the seabed may increase the turbidity level which could
disturb and smothered sedentary organisms. This may
result in loss of benthic and bottom feeding organisms.
Non sedentary organisms will not be affected since they
will leave the impacted area.

ES-12

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Offshore Installation
Activities (cont)

Executive Summary

Impact Assessment
However, these changes to the benthic communities will
be temporary and will occur during installation activity.
Once the physical environment is back to normal, which
normally after a 2 month duration the benthic organisms
will recolonize the area. Treated sewage discharged by
vessels is not expected to cause significant impact to
marine biological ecosystem.

Solid Waste Management

Solid wastes generated from the vessels can be

categorized as domestic wastes, non-scheduled wastes
and scheduled wastes.

Domestic wastes include food and kitchen wastes

generated from personnel onboard the vessels. These
organic and biodegradable wastes will be macerated
and disposed into the sea. Due to the high assimilative
capacity of the sea, rapid dispersion by the water
current and biodegradable nature of food waste; the
impact on the marine water quality and biological
system would be insignificant.

Industrial wastes generated are mainly packing

materials, rags and used oil. These wastes will be
segregated into scheduled and non-scheduled wastes
and transported onshore for final disposal. Waste
generated will be minimal in quantity therefore its impact
will be insignificant. Improper disposal and management
of scheduled wastes can result in contamination of sea
water.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Proper on-site collection bins should be provided. The

solid waste shall be collected and removed by a
contractor to an approved waste disposal site
onshore.
Used oil and spent/ waste oil generated during the
construction works from machines, generators, etc.
shall be collected and disposed off-site by licensed
contractors.
Storage and handling of scheduled wastes is to be
carried out according to the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005.
The wastes should be stored in sealed drums, labeled
and placed in a designated scheduled waste storage
area.
Separate compartments should be provided for
different groups of incompatible wastes.
Empty storage containers for chemicals and
petroleum products shall be removed off-site by a
registered contractor.
The quantity of scheduled wastes accumulated on site
shall not exceed 20 metric tons and the wastes stored
for a period not exceeding 180 days.

ES-13

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity

Impact Assessment
Marine Traffic
The Project area is not within the shipping lanes,
therefore there will be no significant impact on the marine
traffic.

Executive Summary

ONSHORE INSTALLATION ACTIVITIES

Impacts Associated with Transportation Activities
Installation works at the
onshore comprises the
The inbound transportation of construction materials and

following activities:
machinery to the Project site and the outbound movement
of construction debris will occur at various times over the
Transportation of
construction/ installation period of 14 months.
materials; and
Construction activities for TEWIM, which is located
onshore will include minor shrub clearance and site

Construction activities at
preparation and construction of the facilities for the water
TEWIM
injection module.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

PETRONAS Carigali and its contractors shall send out
early notification of their activities to the Marine
Department of Sarawak so that Notice to Mariners can
be issued timely.
All pipe laying barge and standby vessels must have
adequate navigational equipment to provide sufficient
warning to vessels approaching the pipe laying
activities area.
All barges and workboats shall be sufficiently lighted up
so that they are visible at night especially in poor
weather conditions.

Steps shall be taken to ensure the cleanliness of

construction vehicles leaving and entering the site at all
times. A washing bay with high-pressure water jet
facilities shall be provided at the exit of the TEWIM
Project site for proper cleaning of construction vehicles.
The Project sites access roadways shall be wetted
down to minimize fugitive dust-emission, especially in
and around the construction areas.
Prevention of spillage of rocks and materials onto
roadways during transportation by proper covering of
lorry loads with canvas.
Proper vehicle and machinery maintenance to limit
noise and exhaust air emissions.
A flagman should be placed at the junction of the
Project site to ensure smooth traffic flow and for the
safety of road users.
Signages should be placed at the public roadway to
inform the public of the construction activities and the
movement of construction vehicles. The signage should
also instruct vehicles to reduce speed limits near the
TEWIM construction site.

ES-14

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Onshore Installation
Activities (cont)

Impact Assessment
Air Quality
The TEWIM construction area will experience release of
dust fom vehicle movement and exhaust emissions into
the atmosphere from the fuel-burning machinery and
construction equipment. The impacts are expected to be
transient and minor due to rapid dispersion and dilution
experienced at coastal areas due to favourable coastal
wind conditions. The air quality impacts therefore will not
be significant.

Executive Summary

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Noise
Noise will be generated by construction equipments and
machineries.
With the known open nature of the shoreline area and the
site is away from residential areas, the noise impacts to
the public at large will not be significant.

Sewage
It is estimated that there will be between 50 to 100
workers onsite for the construction activities, resulting in
low generation of sewage. As the duration of the
construction is short term, it is anticipated that the impact
will be minimal.

Vehicles leaving and entering the TEWIM construction

site are to be maintained at all times to avoid
contamination of the surrounding areas and public
roads. A wash trough will be provided at the exit of the
construction site.
Wetting down of the TEWIM Project site to minimize
fugitive dust-emission in and around the construction
site.
Prevention of spillage of excavated materials for site
preparation onto roadways during transportation by
proper covering of lorry loads with canvas to avoid dust
pollution.
Proper vehicle and machinery maintenance to limit air
emissions.

Noisy equipment if any shall be provided with temporary

enclosures to shield adjacent areas from noise as much
as possible.
Proper vehicle and machinery maintenance to limit
noise emissions.
Provide proper personal protection equipments (PPE) to
workers.

Mobile toilets used at the construction site should be

well maintained and the sewage tanks must be
desludged regularly and treated prior to any discharge.

ES-15

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Onshore Installation
Activities (cont)

Impact Assessment
Solid Wastes
Relatively low quantities of domestic solid wastes will be
generated by workers on-site as the numbers of the
workers are estimated to be between 50 to 100 persons.
Taking into the account that the construction period is
limited to only 14 months and with regular collection of the
wastes, the impact is expected to be insignificant.
Industrial wastes generated are mainly packing materials,
rags and used oil. These wastes will be segregated into
scheduled and non-scheduled wastes and stored
appropriately prior to final disposal. Waste generated will
be minimal in quantity therefore its impact will be
insignificant.

Executive Summary

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Proper on-site collection bins should be provided. The

domestic solid waste shall be collected and removed by
a licensed contractor prior to disposal at the nearest
disposal site which is the Kidurong Dumpsite located
approximately 5 km southeast of the BCOT.
Construction waste shall be disposed off in a Local
authority approved disposal site.
Scheduled wastes must be collected and disposed by
licensed scheduled waste contractors which are
Trieneken (Sarawak) Sdn Bhd.
Storage and handling of scheduled waste is to be
carried out according to the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005.
Proper transfer of scheduled wastes from drums or
machinery to vehicles must be practiced.
Used oil and spent/ waste oil generated during the
construction works from machines, generators, etc.
shall be collected and disposed at an approved site.
The wastes should be stored in sealed drums, labeled
and placed in a designated scheduled waste storage
area.
Separate compartments should be provided for different
groups of incompatible wastes.
Empty storage containers for chemicals and petroleum
products shall be removed off-site by a licensed
contractor.
The quantity of scheduled wastes accumulated on site
shall not exceed 20 metric tons and the wastes stored
for a period not exceeding 180 days.

ES-16

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Impact Assessment
HOOK-UP, TESTING AND PRE-COMMISSIONING PHASE
Seawater and Seabed Quality
Cleaning and gauging
The discharged water will release colored plume into the
Hydrotesting
sea resulting from the use of tracer dye.
The corrosion inhibitor used, Cortron O-3670R is a toxic
and corrosive solution.

Executive Summary

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Chemicals selected will be environmentally friendly with

low toxicity. In addition, these chemicals should be
listed on the OCNS list and preferably be in the gold or
silver categories.
Concentrations used must be the lowest effective
concentration possible.
The discharge of the hydrotest water will be regulated
at predetermined rate.
Strict adherence to the instruction and precaution
stated in the respective MSDS of the different
chemicals used at all time.
Unused chemicals should be properly stored and
disposed at an approved location.

OPERATION
Operation of the pipeline,
platform, TEWI and TEWIM

Fishing Activities
The presence of the Project pipelines and platform is
unlikely to impact the fishery activities in this locality. The
BCOT Marine Safety and Security Zone are already a
restricted area thus, the installation of pipelines and
platform are not expected to impact fishing activities in the
locality significantly.

The pipelines and platform locations will also be marked

on admiralty and associated nautical charts.
Fishing operators in the area will be made aware of the
location of the pipelines through Marine Department and
Fisheries Department.
During pipeline installation activities, it is estimated that
2
an area of about 3 km at one particular time will be
restricted to the navigational activities (particularly
fishermen boats) to avoid incidents such as collision of
vessels.

ES-17

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Operation (cont)

Executive Summary

Impact Assessment
Air Quality
Emissions produced by the combustion of gas or liquids
in turbines, boilers, compressors, pumps or other engines
for power or heat generation, or for water injection, or gas
export can be a significant source of localized air
emissions from offshore facilities.
Taking into account that the Project is located in the open
sea area and far away from residential area, therefore
there are no sensitive receptors identified.
Leakage of gas can result from uncontrolled corrosion,
physical impact and undetected material defects. Gas
from minor leakages will usually be subjected to rapid
dissipation upon reaching the water surface; the impacts
to water quality and marine habitat are therefore not
expected to be significant.

Noise
Noise generated during the operations phase would be
mainly from the production and processing equipment on
the platforms. The main issue will be occupational
exposure to noise at close range.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

During equipment selection, air emission specifications
should be considered.
Venting will be carried out only when necessary to avoid
emergency situation due to gas leakage. The duration
will be short and at controlled release rates.
The venting systems will be designed in accordance
with acceptable design safety practices with respect to
vent systems.
Air intakes should be installed to ventilate facility safe
areas and areas that must remain operable during
emergency situations.
Gas detection facilities shall be installed to detect
dangerous gas concentrations in the air intakes to
provide for automatic shut-down in the event of
dangerous gas levels.
Lower noise-generating production machinery and
equipment should be selected where there is an option.
Selection of production machinery and equipment with
built-in features of noise control.
Provide mandatory hearing protection for plant
operators, where the occupational noise exposure
exceeds the 8-hour TWA acceptable level of 80dB(A).
Proper warning signages at restricted areas.

ES-18

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Operation (cont)

Executive Summary

Impact Assessment
Maritime Traffic Accidents
Vessel collision with the pipeline could result in, not only
serious damage to the vessels involved and loss of lives,
but also adverse impacts on marine sediment quality,
water quality and marine life.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Health and Safety

All identified incidents, as demonstrated by the QRA
assessment indicate no unacceptable risks on residential
areas, TEJ-D and TEWI. The resultant risk for fatility was
identified to be within the tolerable region for public/
involuntary personnel (during vessel collision), and for
operating staff/ voluntary personnel (in the event of fire/
explosion due to leak accidents).
Potential risk of maritime accidents.
Marine Ecology
The structures are conducive for providing habitat for
marine life, especially sponges, invertebrates and corals,
while also attract inhabitation of crustaceans and fishes.
This is a positive impact.

Effective implementation of navigational safety

measures.
PETRONAS Carigali-SKO will submit new pipelines
location (with coordinates) which is marked on SAR
Chart to the Marine Department of Sarawak
Upon completion of pipelines installation activities,
finalised SAR Chart that showed the location and
actual coordinates will be submitted to the Marine
Department of Sarawak.

Implementation and practice of an emergency plan for the

site covering incidents related to handling, storage and
process of hazardous materials.
Fire fighting system, safety control system, inspection and
maintenance are implemented and adhered to.
Marine spread activity should preferably be carried out
during good weather condition.

None

ES-19

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

Project Activity
Operation (cont)

Executive Summary

Impact Assessment

Proposed Mitigation Measures

Water Quality
Discharge of off-spec water from the water injection system
at TEWIM is not expected to result in significant impact to
the marine waters due to low quantities and concentration
of chemicals used during seawater treatment process.
Socio-economic
The proposed Project has positive potential to generate
employment opportunities for the local population as well
as to generate spin-off businesses related to the supply of
food and other domestic requirements for the employees of
the Project.

Chemicals selected will be environmentally friendly with

low toxicity. In addition, these chemicals should be
listed on the OCNS list and preferably be in the gold or
silver categories.

Priority of employment to be given to the local

population. Domestic supplies for the workers of the
Project should be sourced locally.
PETRONAS Carigali provides an avenue for the
fishermen in annual engagements with the Fishermen
Association (in presence of Sarawak Fisheries
Department).
PETRONAS Carigali through their CSR programmes
contributes and provides support to social events
carried out in Sarawak and other states.

ABANDONMENT/ DECOMMISSIONING
Decommissioning of pipeline Improper decommissioning activity of pipeline and platform
and platform
will cause hazardous condition and potential risk to
environment.

Decommissioning/ abandonment of platform and

pipeline is to be implemented based on PETRONASs
Guideline for Decommissioning of Oil and Gas
Installation and approval shall be sought from relevant
authority prior to execution.
Internal flushing, cleaning of hydrocarbon to less than
40 mg/l and filling of pipelines with seawater prior to
final capping of open ends. Pipeline will be abandoned
in-situ whereby the area along the pipeline will be
abundant with marine life such as fish and is considered
as a positive impact.
The decommissioning team must adhere strictly to the
instruction and precaution in the procedure.
The Marine Department must be informed on the
location of the decommissioned pipeline and platform.

ES-20

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

for Temana Redevelopment Project, Bintulu, Sarawak

RESIDUAL IMPACTS

Residual impact is environmental impacts that may still persist, although mitigation
measures to minimize the impacts are fully complied with and implemented. Identified
residual impacts were mainly due to the physical presence of the pipeline as the pipeline
may impose impact the marine current movement, marine sediment and the benthic
community. However, these impacts are minimal, localized and considered insignificant.
Furthermore, with the presence of the physical structures, it will create a shelter and
breeding ground for pelagic and dimersal fishes. This in the long term will increase the
offshore fish stock in the area.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) with an appropriate monitoring program will be

prepared to ensure that all EIA Approval Conditions are complied with, and all regulations
and standards are being met. It is also to guide the project proponent in managing the
environmental impacts during Project implementation.
In this chapter, an Environmental Monitoring Programme is proposed with its proposed
sampling frequency, sampling points and parameters.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

Temana Emergency Response Manual has been developed based on the PCSB-SKO
Emergency Response Manuals to provide a basic guideline on handling any emergency
incidents or accidents that may occur during the installation and operation of the platform
and pipelines.

CONCLUSION

Impacts during the onshore and offshore activities of the Temana Redevelopment Project
have been found to be mainly insignificant, short-term and localized. Additionally, discharge
of off-spec water from the water injection system at TEWIM is not expected to result in
significant impact to the marine waters due to low quantities and concentration of chemicals
used during the seawater treatment process. All identified incidents, as demonstrated by the
QRA assessment indicate no unacceptable risks on residential areas, TEJ-D and TEWI.
With the implementation of the appropriate mitigation measures as proposed in Chapter 6 of
this EIA Report will further minimize the potential environmental impacts from the Project.
This report shows that, with the incorporation of appropriate design, sound implementation
methods and mitigation measures, the proposed Project by PETRONAS Carigali can be
implemented in an environmental acceptable manner. The positive contribution of the
proposed Project development to the nation outweighs the minimal environmental impacts.

ES-21