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cylinder axis
Annular cylinder
about cylinder axis
axis
axis
Solid cylinder
axis
axis
Solid cylinder
about central diameter
Solid sphere
Thin Spherical shell axis
about any diameter about any diameter
axis Hoop
about any diameter
Slab about
axis through
centre
axis
Here,
is the moment of inertia of the body about an axis passing through centre of
mass and is the mass of the body and is the distance between the two parallel axis (axis
of rotation and axis through centre of mass)
Proof
Consider a rigid body having mass in
&
( )
is
)
Using ( )
=
( +
) +
( +
Now we have
(
)+
( )
The last two terms in ( ) vanish because the body is always symmetrical about its centre of
mass. So we are left with
(
)+
=
=
Since
and
)+
So we have now
=
.( )
The 1st term in equation ( ) is the moment of inertia of the body about an axis through
its centre of mass and 2nd term represents the Mass of the body time the square of the
distance between the two parallel axes i.e
=
Importance:
This theorem is very helpful in determining the moment of inertia of any system of 1-D, 2D or three dimensional mass distribution.
Proof:
Let
and
axis is
be the
perpendicular to
axis =
axis=
Let we divide the whole sheet or lamina into number of particles of masses
,
,
, having position vectors , , , so that their distances from
, , , and from axis be , , , then
axis be
axis =
axis =
=
,
=
+
+
+
+
=
( )
, about an axis perpendicular to
+
+
( )
Comparing ( ) and ( )
=
Importance
It is useful for the determination of moment inertia of a 2D system only.