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4.

0 THEORY BACKGROUND

For a floating body to be stable, buoyancy FA and dead weight FG. Must have the same
line of action and be equal and opposite. Stability does not necessarily demand that the
centre of mass S be below the centre of buoyancy A. of far greater importance is the
existence of a stabilizing, resetting moment in the event of deflection or heel

out of

the aquilibrum position. Dead weight FG and buoyancy FA then form a force couple with
distance b, which provides a righting moment. This distance or the distance between
centre of gravity and the point of intersection is referred to as the metaccentre M and
the distance between the centre of gravity and the metacentre is called the metacentric
height ZM.

1.0 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the experiment are :
1) To measure the angle of inclination at which an eccentrically loaded body floats.
2) To determine the metacentre of a floating body

2.0 LEARNING OUT COMES


It is expected by completing the experiment, the students will be able :
1) To determine the problem in hydraulics using appropriate principle.
2) To demonstrate technical skills in laboratory tests that yield valid results.

5.0 PROCEDURE
1)
2)
3)
4)

Set horizontal sliding weight to position X1 = 3cm


Move vertical sliding weight to botton position.
Fill tank provided with water and insert floating body.
Gradually raise vertical sliding weight and read off angle on heel indicator. Read
off height of sliding weight at top edge of weight and enter in table together with

angle.
5) Repeat step 1 to 4 with the position of horizontal sliding weight at position X2=
6cm and X3 = 8cm

3.0 APPARATUS
The apparatus which is simple apparatus for determining the metacentre of a model hull
is particularly suitable for experiments in small group. The experiments are performed in
a tank filled with water. A transport hull is used with a rectangular cross-section.
Horizontal and vertical sliding weights enable the centre of gravity to be adjusted. The
position of the sliding weights as well as the draught of the floating body can be read on
scales. An inclinometer indicates the angle of heel.

6.0 RESULT AND CALCULATION


For distance X1 = 3cm
Position of horizontal sliding weight x1 = 3cm
Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, z
11
14
19
angle,

Position of horizontal sliding weight X1 =0.165


Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, Z
Centre of gravity
5.364
6.189
7.014
position, Z
0.192
0.244
0.332
Angle,
dx
d

0.860

0.676

0.497

15
30

15
7.839
0.524
0.315

For distance x2 = 6cm


Position of horizontal sliding weight x1 = 6cm
Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, z
6
8
13
angle,

Position of horizontal sliding weight X1 =0.330


Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, Z
Centre of gravity
5.364
6.189
7.014
position, Z
0.105
0.140
0.227
Angle,
dx
d

3.143

2.357

1.454

15
26

15
7.839
0.454
0.727

For distance x3 = 8cm


Position of horizontal sliding weight x1 = 8cm
Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, z
2
4
8
angle,

15
19

For distance X2 = 6cm


Position of horizontal sliding weight X1 =0.440
Height of vertical
0
5
10
sliding weight, Z
Centre of gravity
5.364
6.189
7.014
position, Z
0.035
0.070
0.140
Angle,
dx
d

12.571

6.286

3.143

15
7.839
0.332
1.325

8.0 CONCLUSION
As a conclusion, this experiment was successfully carried out even though the data
collected are a large difference between the value of metacentric height obtained by
extrapolation on a graph and the calculated metacentric height. There are some error
take place during the experiment was carried out which could give effect to the data
obtained first, error due to the observer or parallax error. This error take place during the
observer take the reading of the depth of pontoon submerged in water and the angle tilt.
Thus, to overcome this error, the eye of observer must be 90 perpendicular to the
measurement in order to get an accurate results. Next, the disturbance due to the water
and air also can affect the measurement taken. Thus, to overcome this error, the
experiment should being done in ideal condition so that an accurate measurement will
be obtained.

6.1 SAMPLE CALCULATION


(EXAMPLE)
For distance x= 3cm
M= 550g
M h = 193g
Zg

= 6.36cm

M = 2770g

Formula:

Mh X
Xs =
M +Mv+Mh
= 0.055x
Equation
X=3 2.1
X s = 0.055(3)
X s = 0.165

Zs =

M v Z + ( M +M h ) Z g
M +Mv+Mh

= 5.364+0.156z
=5.364+0.156(0)
Equation
=5.364 2.2

dxs = xs
d

Equation 2.3

= 0.165 cm
0.192 radian

= 0.860 cm/rad

7.0 DISCUSSION
From the data that we get from our experiment, we know that there are some

error take place during the experiment. Error due to the observer or it called parallax
error. It can be avoid by taking at least twice for the reading. For the value of position of
horizontal sliding weight, X and center of gravity position, Z can be calculate by using
the formula given.

TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0

OBJECTIVE
LEARNING OUTCOME
APPARATUS
THEORY BACKGROUND
PROCEDURE
RESULT AND CALCULATION
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE

9.0 REFERENCE
1. https://www.scribd.com/
2. http://scholar.google.com.my/scholar?q=stability+of+floating+body&hl=en&as_sdt=0
3. http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/112104118/lecture-5/5-7_stability_floating_fluid.htm

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