Distribution Factors Box

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Rev. 8/08 - (No Interim)
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LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors1

Live Load Distribution Factors are calculated according to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 4th Edition
(2007 with no interim revisions) as prescribed by TxDOT policies (LRFD Design Manual July 2008) and practices.
The Range of Applicability is ignored.
INPUT:
Box Type
Joint Width, tJoint
Spacing, S4
Number of Beams, Nb
Overhang Width, OH5
Skew,
Interior Beam2 Exterior Beam

4B20
5B20
1.5 in
1.5 in
4.104 ft
5.104 ft
4
2
not applicable
2.323 ft
0
degrees
0
degrees
Slab depth, ts = 5.0

CLbrg to CLbrg, L = 38.42
Rail Width, RW = 1.0
Roadway Width, W = 24.17
Total No. of Beams, Nb =
6
No. of Lanes, NL =
2
in (if using asphalt type 0)

ft
ft
ft
SECTION PROPERTIES:
Beam Type
Width of Top Flange (in) - bft
Thickness of Top Flange (in) - tft
Width of Bottom Flange (in) - bfb
Thickness of Bottom Flange (in) - tfb
Design Thickness of Web (in) - tw
Design Beam Width or Effective Slab Width (in) - b6 or EFW 6
Beam Height or Slab Height (in) - d or ts
Dist from Edge of Beam to Edge of Flange (in) - x
Area (in2) - A
Distance to centroid from bottom of beam (in) - y b
Moment of Inertia (in4) - I
Weight (klf) - W
Interior
Exterior
4B20
slab
5B20
slab
43.75
n/a
55.75
n/a
5.5
n/a
5.5
n/a
47.75
n/a
59.75
n/a
5
n/a
5
n/a
5
n/a
5
n/a
47.75 49.25 59.75 58.50
20
5
20
5
4
n/a
4
n/a
591.8 246.2 717.8 292.5
9.81
22.5
9.88
22.5
28086
513 35233.6 609
0.616 0.257 0.748 0.305
Notes:
1. For typical cross sections ( f, g (sufficiently connected to act as a unit)). Table 4.6.2.2.1-1
2. If there are mixed beam types in the interior, then this calculation should be completed for each beam type.
3. When the Span Length is greater than 100ft for Beams 4B40 and 5B40, use Beams 4B40+100 and 5B40+100 respectively.
4. Beam spacing is based on the bottom width of the beam plus the joint width.
5. Overhang width is from the center of the beam to the edge of the slab. The default value is based on 1/2 the top width of the beam.
6. The design beam width equals the width of the bottom flange. For box beams topped by a concrete slab, the Effective Flange Width (EFW) is
calculated below.
FINAL
LLDF
FINAL
LLDF
Interior Shear LLDF, gVinterior 0.488
Exterior Shear LLDF, gVexterior 0.671
Interior Moment LLDF, gMinterior 0.356
Exterior Moment LLDF, gMexterior 0.428
RESULTS:
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CALCULATIONS:
Composite Moment of Inertia, Ic
(calculated based on effective flange width)
INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)
Effective Flange Width, EFW (composite section)
EFW int =
min
L
4
12 t s + max
[ ]
tw
0 .5 b ft
(AASHTO LRFD Section 4.6.2.6)
EFW int =
49.25 in
yc_int =
13.54 in
dbeam_int =
3.73 in
dslab_int =
8.96 in
where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

at their tops (AASHTO LRFD Comm. C4.6.2.6.1)
Distance to the composite section centroid, yc
yc =
A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab

A beam + A slab
Distance from the composite centroid to the slab or box section centroid, d
dbeam =
dslab =
y c y beam
y c y slab

Ic =
I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab+ A slab ( d slab )2
Ic_int = 56,622 in4
EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

Effective Flange Width, EFW (composite section)
(Calculated based on exterior beam
dimesions for the adjacent interior beam.)
EFW ext =
0 . 5 EFW int +min
L
8
6t s +max
0 .5 t w
0. 25 b ft
OH
EFW ext =
58.50 in
yc_ext =
13.53 in
db_ext =
3.65 in
ds_ext =
8.97 in
where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

at their tops (AASHTO LRFD Comm. C4.6.2.6.1)
Distance to the composite section centroid, yc
yc =
A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab

A beam + A slab
Distance from the composite centroid to the slab or box section centroid, d
db =
ds =
y c y beam
y c y slab
I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab+ A slab ( d slab )2
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Ic = I beam + A beam d beam + I slab+ A slab
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4 of 29
Ic_ext = 68,945 in4
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St Venant's Torsional Constant, J
4A
J=
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5 of 29
(AASHTO LRFD Eq. C4.6.2.2.1-3 (for thin-walled shapes))
o2
Where, Ao is the area enclosed by the centerlines of the elements that make up the thin-walled structure, s is
the element lengths, and t is the element thicknesses (see diagrams below for a graphical representation of
these variables).
For the calculation of J, the shear key is ignored, and the Box Beam cross section is simplifed to an open
box with dimensions equaling d (height) and b fb - 2x (width).
Simplified Beam
Depicting Ao
A o = ( b fb 2 xt w ) d

Ao_int = 599.44 in2
t=
17.160
Jint = 83,761 in4
Depicting s and t of Elements
t fb +t ft t s
2
t=
bfb 2 xt w b fb 2 xt w
+
+2
t ft +t s
t fb

Ao_ext = 806.44 in2
t=
20.702
Jext = 125,655 in4
t fb +t ft t s
2
tw
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7 of 29
Distance between the Outside Web and the Face of the Curb, d e
de = OH - RW-1/2 * bfb + x + 1/2*tw =
-0.6 ft
Minimum Distribution Factor

m = 1.0
gmin = m NL Nb =
1.0 x 2 lanes 6 beams =
0.333
Correction for Skew

Shear LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.3c-1)
Range of Applicability (ROA) Checks
Check : 0 0 60
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'
Check Nb: 5 6 20
Check b: 35'' 47.8'' 60''
Check d: 17'' 20'' 60''
Corr. =
1. 0+
12 . 0 L
tan
90 d
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
= 1.000
Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)

Based on TxDOT's LRFD Bridge Design Manual, "Do not apply the skew correction factor for
moment as suggested in Article 4.6.2.2.2e."
Shear LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.3c-1)
Check : 0 0 60
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'
Check Nb: 5 6 20
Check b: 35'' 59.8'' 60''
Check d: 17'' 20'' 60''
Corr. =
1. 0+
12 . 0 L
tan
90 d
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
= 1.000
Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)

Based on TxDOT's LRFD Bridge Design Manual, "Do not apply the skew correction factor for
moment as suggested in Article 4.6.2.2.2e."
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Lever Rule - INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

SInt = 4.1 ft
INTERIOR LEVER RULE for Interior Beams
For S < 4:
16
One Lane =
32
= 0.500
> For 4 S < 6:

16
One Lane =
32
= 0.500
16
S4
1+
32
S
= 0.513
For 6 S < 10:

16
S6
1+
One Lane =
32
S
= 0.269
Two Lanes =
16
S6 S4
1+
+
32
S
S
Two Lanes =
= 0.282
INTERIOR
One Lane Loaded
= 0.500
Two Lanes Loaded
= 0.513
Load Distribution Factors

Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2a-1):
Check b: 35'' 47.8'' 60''
OK
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'

Check Nb: 5 6 20
OK
OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.2a-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 =
Equation
g= k
b
33 . 3 L
0.5
0.600
I
J
0 .25
)()
= 0.306
where, k =
2. 5 ( N b )0 .2 1 . 5
k = 1.747
USE EQUATION
gVint1 = 0.306
Two or More Lanes Loaded
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.513 =
Equation
g=
b
k
305
0.6
( )(
b
12 . 0 L
0.513
0. 2
I
J
0 . 06
)()
= 0.356
USE EQUATION
gMint2+ =
0.356
>>
If W 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1, gMint2+, and gmin.
gMinterior =
0.356
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If W < 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1 and gmin.
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gMinterior
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2007 LRFD Specs

10 of 29
0.356
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Load Distribution Factors

Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):
Check b: 35'' 47.8'' 60''
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'
Check Nb: 5 6 20
Check J: 25,000 83,761 610,000
Check I: 40,000 56,622 610,000
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 =
Equation
g=
b
130 L
0 . 15
I
J
0.600
0. 05
( ) ()
= 0.488
USE EQUATION
gVint1 = 0.488
Modify for Skew:
skew correc. = 1.000
gVint1 = 0.488
Two or More Lanes Loaded Equation
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.513 =
Equation
g=
b
156
0.4
( )(
b
12. 0 L
0.513
0. 1
I
J
0 . 05
) ( ) (48b )
= 0.487
where,
(48b )1. 0
USE EQUATION
gVint2+ = 0.487
Modify for Skew:
gVint2+ = 0.487
>>
If W 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1, gVint2+, and gmin.

If W < 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1 and gmin.
gVinterior =
0.488
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Load Distribution Factor Calculations for Exterior Beams

Note: The exterior Live Load Distribution Factor calculations require the interior Live Load Distribution
Factors to be calculated. Since the exterior beam can be of a different width than the interior beam, the Live
Load Distribution Factors need to be calculated for an interior beam that has the same width as the exterior
beam. The Live Load Distribution Factors for this 'equivilant interior beam' will be used in the calculation of
the Live Load Distribution Factors for the exterior beam.
Lever Rule - EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

SExt = 5.1 ft
OH = 2.3 ft
RW = 1.0 ft
INTERIOR LEVER RULE for Exterior Beams
X = SExt+OH-RW-2ft = 4.4 ft
EXTERIOR LEVER RULE for Exterior Beams
For S < 4:
16
One Lane =
32
= 0.500
> For X < 6:

One Lane =
> For 4 S < 6:

16
One Lane =
32
= 0.500
For 6 X < 12:

One Lane =
Two Lanes = 16 1+ S4
= 0.608
For 6 S < 10:

16
S6
One Lane =
1+
32
S
= 0.412
32
Two Lanes = 16 1+ S6 + S4
32
= 0.520
INTERIOR
16 X
32 S
( )
= 0.434
16 X X 6
+
32 S
S
= 0.280
For 12 X < 18:

16 X X 6
+
One Lane =
32 S
S
= 0.280
(
(
Two Lanes = 16 X X 6 X 12
32 S
S
S
= -0.462
EXTERIOR
One Lane Loaded
= 0.500
One Lane Loaded
= 0.434
Two Lanes Loaded
= 0.608
Two Lanes Loaded
= 0.434
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Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2):
Check de: -0.6' 2'
Check b: 35'' 59.8'' 60''
OK
OK
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'

Check Nb: 5 6 20
OK
OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 =
0.600
Equation
gint =
b
33 .3 L
0. 5
I
J
0 . 25
)()
= 0.325
where, k =
2. 5 ( N b )0 .2 1 . 5
k = 1.747
USE EQUATION
gMint1(ext) = 0.325
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2d-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.434 =
0.521
Equation
g = e * gint =
where, e = 1. 125+
0.359
USE EQUATION
gMext1 = 0.359
de
30
1 . 0
e = 1.105

Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.608 =
0.608
Equation
gint =
b
305
0.6
( )(
b
12 . 0 L
0. 2
I
J
0 . 06
)()
= 0.421
USE EQUATION
gMint2+(ext) = 0.421
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2d-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.434 =
0.434
Equation
g = e * gint =
0.428
where, e = 1. 04 +
USE EQUATION
gMext2+ = 0.428
>>
de
25
1. 0
e = 1.016
If W 20 ft, gMexterior is the maximum of gMext1, gMext2+, gMint1(ext),

gMint2+(ext), and gmin.
If W < 20 ft, gMexterior is the maximum of gMext1, gMint1(ext), and gmin.
gMexterior =
0.428
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Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3):
Check de: -0.6' 2'
Check b: 35'' 59.8'' 60''
OK
OK
Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'

Check Nb: 5 6 20
OK
OK
OK
OK
Check J: 25,000 125,655 610,000

Check I: 40,000 68,945 610,000
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 =
0.600
Equation
gint =
b
130 L
0 . 15
I
J
0. 05
( ) ()
= 0.500
USE EQUATION
gVint1(ext) = 0.500
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.434 =
0.521
Equation
g = e * gint =
where, e = 1. 25+
0.610
USE EQUATION
gVext1 = 0.610
de
20
1 . 0
e = 1.220
Modify for Skew:

gVint1(ext) = 0.500
gVext1 = 0.610
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.608 =
0.608
Equation
gint =
0.4
b
156
( )(
b
12. 0 L
0. 1
I
J
0 . 05
) ( ) (48b )
= 0.671
where,
(48b )1. 0
USE EQUATION
gVint2+(ext) = 0.671
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.434 =
0.434
Equation
g = eg int
( 48b )
g = 0.671
USE EQUATION
where,
48
1 . 0
b
&e=
b
d e + 2
12
1+
40
0 .5
( )
1.0
e = 1.244
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gVext2+ = 0.671
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Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3): (Continued)
Two or More Lanes Loaded (Continued)
Modify for Skew:
gVint2+(ext) = 0.671
gVext2+ = 0.671
>>
If W 20 ft, gVexterior is the maximum of gVext1, gVext2+, gVint1(ext),

gVint2+(ext), and gmin.
If W < 20 ft, gVexterior is the maximum of gVext1, gVint1(ext), and gmin.
gVexterior =
0.671
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Beam Sectional Properties

All of these beams have 3/4" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the beam.
Beam
B (in)
C (in)
D (in)
E (in)
F (in)
G (in)
H (in)
4B20
5B20
4B28
5B28
4B34
5B34
4B40
5B40
4B40+100
5B40+100
UserDefined
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
4
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
2
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
0
0
0
0
6
6
12
12
12
12
0
Torsion Constant2
AASHTO LRFD, p4-25, closed thin-walled shapes
Beam
bft (in)
tft (in)
bfb (in)
tfb (in)
tw (in)
x (in)
d (in)
4B20
5B20
4B28
5B28
4B34
5B34
4B40
5B40
4B40+100
5B40+100
UserDefined
1
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
55.75
43.75
2
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
3
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
7
20
20
28
28
34
34
40
40
40
40
18
8
TYPICAL SECTION
Multiple Presence Factors
NL
m
1
1.2
2
1
3
0.85
4
0.65
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
I (in)
J(in)
yt (in)
yb (in)
A (in2)
I (in4)
Weight
(plf)
Shear Key
Area (in2)
20
20
28
28
34
34
40
40
40
40
18
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
59.75
47.75
591.81
717.81
678.81
804.81
798.81
924.81
918.81
1044.81
943.81
1069.81
571.81
28086
35234
68745
85370
115655
142161
176607
215300
180159
219007
21032
10.19
10.12
14.38
14.26
17.92
17.72
21.31
21.07
21.63
21.36
9.17
9.81
9.88
13.62
13.74
16.08
16.28
18.69
18.93
18.37
18.64
8.83
616
748
707
838
832
963
957
1088
983
1114
596
Enter Values in Green Shaded Cells.
Shear keys are neglected for the calculations of I comp and J.
40.00
40.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
86.00
32.00
Values are for half of one sh
18
19
20
Shear Key Shear Key Shear Key

yb (in)
I (in4)
H (in)
12.39
535.20
15.00
12.39
535.20
15.00
16.26
2547.36
23.00
16.26
2547.36
23.00
22.26
2547.36
23.00
22.26
2547.36
23.00
28.26
2547.36
23.00
28.26
2547.36
23.00
28.26
2547.36
23.00
28.26
2547.36
23.00
11.49
329.00
13.00
Values are for half of one shear key,
neglecting the joint.
22
23
24
25
Void 1
Void 2
Void Area
(in2)
Void yb
(in)
29.75
41.75
27.75
39.75
27.75
39.75
27.75
39.75
27.75
39.75
29.75
9.50
9.50
17.50
17.50
23.50
23.50
29.50
29.50
29.50
29.50
7.50
282.63
396.63
485.63
695.63
652.13
934.13
818.63
1172.63
793.63
1147.63
223.13
9.75
9.75
13.75
13.75
16.75
16.75
19.75
19.75
20.16
20.04
8.75
Void I (in4)
2125.58
2982.95
12393.55
17752.93
30011.34
42989.21
59367.37
85039.74
54918.50
80632.46
1045.90
There are 5" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the void in this beam.
There are 5" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the void in this beam.
Revision History:
8/18/2006
Spreadsheet Created
11/1/2007
Updated for AASHTO LRFD 4th Edition 2007 & Bridge Design Manual April 2007.
6/16/2008
Neglect Shear Keys in Ic and J calculations

g must be mNL/Nb
When W < 20ft, g = g1 Lane Loaded
Show gint for exterior beams
gext must be gint
Macro added to reinitialize default values
Corrected Shear Key I
Added User Defined Beam
8/20/2008
Made consistant with AASHTO LRFD (when Shear is outside ROA, Lever Rule is used)
11/12/2008
Fixed bug in Ext Shear LLDF Calculations

Added Options to give the user choices on what to do outside the ROA.

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2007 LRFD Specs

LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors1

Interior Beam2 Exterior Beam

Slab depth, ts = 5.0

in (if using asphalt type 0)

Interior Shear LLDF, gVinterior 0.488

Exterior Shear LLDF, gVexterior 0.671

Interior Moment LLDF, gMinterior 0.356

Exterior Moment LLDF, gMexterior 0.428

2007 LRFD Specs

2007 LRFD Specs

(AASHTO LRFD Section 4.6.2.6)

where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab

Composite Moment of Inertia, Ic

I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab+ A slab ( d slab )2

Ic_int = 56,622 in4

EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

0 . 5 EFW int +min

where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab

Composite Moment of Inertia, Ic

I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab+ A slab ( d slab )2

2007 LRFD Specs

Ic_ext = 68,945 in4

St Venant's Torsional Constant, J

2007 LRFD Specs

(AASHTO LRFD Eq. C4.6.2.2.1-3 (for thin-walled shapes))

INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

Jint = 83,761 in4

Depicting s and t of Elements

EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

Jext = 125,655 in4

2007 LRFD Specs

2007 LRFD Specs

Minimum Distribution Factor

1.0 x 2 lanes 6 beams =

Correction for Skew

Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)

Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)

2007 LRFD Specs

2007 LRFD Specs

Lever Rule - INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

> For 4 S < 6:

For 6 S < 10:

Two Lanes Loaded

Load Distribution Factors

Check L: 20' 38.4' 120'

If W 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1, gMint2+, and gmin.

If W < 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1 and gmin.

2007 LRFD Specs

2007 LRFD Specs

Load Distribution Factors

If W 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1, gVint2+, and gmin.

2007 LRFD Specs

2007 LRFD Specs

Load Distribution Factor Calculations for Exterior Beams

Lever Rule - EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

INTERIOR LEVER RULE for Exterior Beams

> For X < 6:

> For 4 S < 6:

For 6 X < 12:

For 6 S < 10: