set 45.

2 PHYSICS PAPER 2 SECTION A ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

1. The figure below shows a man standing on a stationary trolley. He then jumps out of the
trolley onto a platform.

(a) State the physics principle that is involved in the movement of the trolley as the man
jumps onto the platform.
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Explain why the trolley moves away from the platform as the man jumps.
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(c) The mass of the man is 58 kg and he jumps at a velocity of 8 m s1. The mass of the
trolley is 24 kg. Calculate the velocity of the trolley as the man jumps.

[2 marks]
(d)
Name one application of the physics principle stated in (a) in an exploration of outer
space.
_____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

2. The figure below shows the cross-section of the wings of an aeroplane which is shaped
like an aerofoil. The direction of the wind is shown by the arrow.

(a) On the diagram, draw the pattern of the flow of air current through the
aerofoil.
(b) Mark the region having high pressure as H, and the region with low
pressure as L.
(c) On the diagram, draw the direction of the resultant force acting on the
aerofoil.

[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[1 mark]

3.

Diagram A and diagram B show two sets of apparatus used to find the latent heat of
fusion of ice. Set A and set B are identical except that the heater of set A is connected
to a power supply, but the heater of set B is not connected to power supply. Two
beakers are put under the funnels to collect the water from the melting ice
simultaneously.

Readings recorded from the experiment are given below.

Mass of water collected in Set A = 49.0 g
Mass of water collected in Set B = 7.3 g
Power of heater = 70 W
Duration of switching on the
= 3 minutes
heater
(a) What is meant by latent heat?
[1 mark]
(b) Calculate the energy supplied by the heater.

[2 marks]
(c) What is the mass of ice melted due to the heat absorbed from the surroundings?
[1 mark]
(d) Determine the specific latent heat of fusion of ice.

[2 marks]

4.The diagram below shows a compound microscope which consists of two convex lenses X
and Y placed at a distance. X is a objective lens and Y is the eyepiece, their focal lengths
are 10 mm and 30 mm respectively.

(a) (i)
(ii)

Mark the focal point of the object lens X as Fx on the sides of the lens.
Mark the focal point of the object lens Y as FY on the sides of the lens.

[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(b) (i)

On the figure above, draw ray diagram to show the formation of image
by the object lens. Label this image as IX.

[1 mark]

(ii)

State three characteristics of the image Ix formed by the object lens X.

[3 marks]

(c) (i)

(ii)

On the figure above, draw ray diagram to show the formation of image
by the object lens. Label this image as IY.

[1 mark]

State three characteristics of the image IY formed by the object lens Y.

[3 marks]

5.

The following figure shows a simple wave motion.

(a) What is meant by a wave motion?

[2 marks]
(b) (i) State whether the wave is a transverse wave or a longitudinal wave.
[1 mark]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (b)(i).
[1 mark]
(c) If the wave has a frequency of 1 Hz, mark on the diagram the distance, D, travelled
by the wave in 2 second.
[1 marks]
6.

The diagram below shows a light ray directed into a glass block at A with an incident
angle of 62. Refractive index of the glass block is 1.5.

(a) Name the light phenomenon occurs at A.

[1 mark]
(b) Calculate the angle a.
[2 marks]
(c) Determine the angle q.
[2 marks]
(d) Name the light phenomenon at B.
[1 mark]
(e) Find the angle b.
[2 marks]

7.

Figure A shows a block X of mass 32 kg floating on water. Density of the block is 500
kg m-3.

(a)

State the Archimedes' principle.

(b)

Calculate the weight of the block?

1 mark]

[1 mark]
(c)

What is the buoyant force on the block?

[1 mark]

(d)

Determine the weight of water displaced by the block?

(e)

What is the volume of the block?

(f)

Calculate the volume of water displaced by the block?

(g)

Find the fraction of volume of the block below the water level?

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

[2 marks]

[1 mark]
In Figure B, a load of P is placed on top of the block X so that the block is just fully
submerged in water.

(h)

What is the weight of the load P?

[2 marks]

8. Figure A shows an arrangement of apparatus used to investigate the relationship

between the pressure and the temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume. A
graph of pressure, P against temperature, T is shown in Figure B.

(a) In Figure A,
(i) what is the relationship between P and T as shown in the graph?
[1 mark]
(ii) what is the extrapolated value of temperature, T0, when the pressure, P = 0?
[1 mark]
(iii) what is the name given to T0?
[1 mark]
(b) Using kinetic theory of gases, explain why the pressure of the gas inside the flask is
smaller when the temperature is decreased.
[2 marks]
(c) The pressure of a gas in a container of volume, V is 4.1 105 Pa and its
temperature is 8 C?
(i) What is the pressure of the gas if the temperature is increased to 39 C?

[3 marks]
(ii) What is the new pressure of the gas if the original container is connected to an
empty container of volume 2V and the temperature of the gas remains at 8 C?
[2 marks]
(d) Explain how a gas is changed into a liquid if it is compressed under high pressure?
[2 marks]

Answers:
1.
(a) Principle of conservation of momentum
(b) Since the man has a forward momentum, the trolley would have a backward
momentum of equal magnitude.
(c) mu1+mutrolley = mv platform +mv2
(58 8) + 0 = 0 + (24 v)
58 8
= 24 v
v
= 19.3 m s1
(d) A space rocket can push a space ship forward by emitting exhaust gases.
2.

3.
(a) Latent heat is the heat energy required to change the phase of a substance without
changing its temperature.
(b)
Energy by heater = Pt
= 70 3 60
= 12.6 kJ
(c) 7.3 g
Using Pt = ml
(d)
70 3 60 = (49 - 7.3) 10-3 l
l = 3.02 102 J kg-1

4.

(a)(i) & (ii), (b)(i), (c)(i)

(ii) Real, inverted, magnified

(c)(ii) Virtual, magnified and upright

5.
(a) Wave motion is the transfer of energy from one location to another location
without the transfer of matter.
(b) (i) Transverse wave
(ii) The direction of vibration is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the
wave motion.
(c) D is equal to a distance of two wavelengths.
6.
(a) Refraction of light.
(b)
sin 62
1.5 =
sin a
= 36

(c)

= 90 36
= 54
(d) Total internal reflection.
b = 90 62
(c)
= 28

7.
(a) Archimedes' principle states that when an object is partially or fully submerged in a
fluid, the buoyant force acting on the object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
by the object.
(b) Weight = mg
= 32 10
= 320 N
(c) Buoyant
= 320 N
force
(d) 320 N
(e)
32
Volume =
500
= 6 10-2 m3
(f) 32 = V 1000
= 0.032 m3
(g)
0.032
Fraction =
0.064
= 0.5
P + X = Weight of water displaced
(h)
P + 320 = 0.064 1000 10
P = 320 N
8.
(a) (i) P and T are in linear relationship.
(ii) -273 C
(iii) T0 is absolute zero temperature.
(b) Velocity of the gas molecules is decreased.
Rate and force of collision between gas molecules with the walls of container is
reduced. Hence, the pressure is decreased.
(c)
P1 P2
(i)
=
T1 T2
P2
4.1 105
=
(273 + 8)
(273 + 39)
P2 = 4.55 105 Pa
(ii) P1V1 = P2V2
4.1 105 V1 = P2 3V
P2 = 1.4 105 Pa
(d) The gas molecules are being pressed very closed to each other.
Bonding between the molecules are formed, thus forming a liquid.