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TRNG I HC DUY TN
KHOA Y

BO CO THC HNH
BI 1: KHO ST ENZYME

Nhm 4 Lp BCH 201 F1

MC LC
1. Mc tiu
2. Thy phn tinh bt bng Amylase
3. Thy phn Ure bng Urease
4. Thy phn Lipid bng Lipase

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I. Mc tiu:
- Nm c c ch hot ng ca enzyme.
- Bit c mt s enzyme thy phn c bn v nhng c cht tng ng c thy
phn bi cc enzyme .
II. Thy phn tinh bt bng Amylase
1. Nguyn tc:
- Tinh bt khi c mt ca Amylase b thy phn thnh cc dextrin.
- Thi gian thy phn cng ko di th cng to cc dextrin vi phn t lng
cng nh v cui cng l maltose.
- Cc sn phm to thnh mc thy phn khc nhau t tinh bt to thnh
mu khc nhau vi dung dch It.
2. Ha cht v dng c
a. Ha cht:
- 1ml nc bt.
- 19ml nc ct.
- Dung dch h tinh bt 1%
- Dung dch It.
b. Dng c:
- 5 ng nghim
- 1 cc c m
3. Cch tin hnh:
- ng 1: sau 1 pht, 1 git It 1%
- ng 2: sau 5 pht, 1 git It 1%
1ml h tinh bt 1% + 0,5ml dd nc bt

- ng 3: sau 10 pht, 1 git It 1%

1/20 (1ml nc bt + 19ml nc ct).

- ng 4: sau 15 pht, 1 git It 1%

- ng 5: sau 20 pht, 1 git It 1%

4. Kt qu th nghim:
a. Hin tng:

- ng 1: mu en tm
- ng 2: mu cam m
- ng 3: mu vng
- ng 4: mu vng nht
- ng 5: mu vng rt nht

b. Gii thch:
- ng 1: Do ban u enzyme cha thy phn tinh bt nn khi cho It vo,
dung dch c mu en tm, chnh l tinh bt cha thy phn tc dng vi enzyme.
- ng 2: Sau thi gian, 5 pht, mt phn h tinh bt trong ng nghim b
enzyme thy phn. Do khi cho It vo, It s tc dng vi phn tinh bt cha b
thy phn, to dung dch c mu cam m.
- ng 3, ng 4, ng 5: sau thi gian 10 pht, 15 pht v 20 pht, lng h
tinh bt trong ng nghim b enzyme thy phn ht to thnh cc dextrin. Thi gian
cng di , lng dextrin b enzyme thy phn thnh cc dextrin vi phn t lng cng
nh v cui cng l maltose. M cc dextrin vi phn t lng nh v maltose khng
cho phn ng to mu vi It. V vy, ng 3, 4, 5 c mu vng nht dn l do lng
dextrin cha b phn hy thnh phn t thp tc dng vi It gim dn.
5. Kt lun
- Thi gian phn ng cng lu th lng tinh bt b enzyme phn hy cng nhiu
v cng to thnh cc dextrin vi phn t lng cng nh v cho cui cng l maltose.
- Ta bit c enzyme phn hy tinh bt chnh l enzyme amylase. C th
y l
enzyme c ch yu trong tuyn nc bt.
III. Thy phn Ure bng Urease
1. Nguyn tc:
- NH3 lm kim ha mi trng, vi s c mt ca phenolphthalein lm dung
dch chuyn mu hng

- Phng trnh: CO(NH2)2 + H2O

urease

CO2 + 2NH3

2. Ha cht v dng c
a. Ha cht:
- Dung dch Ur 10%.
- Dung dch phenolphthalein 1%.
- Bt u nnh.
b. Dng c:
- 2 ng nghim
3. Cch tin hnh:
1,5ml Ur 10% + 2 git phenolphtalein

- ng 1
- ng 2: 0,5g bt u nnh

Lc u, 5-10 pht.
4. Kt qu th nghim:
a. Hin tng:
-

ng 1: dung dch phn lp, lp di cht

rn mu vng, lp trn cht lng mu hng

ng 2: mu hng rt nht

b. Gii thch:
- Cng thc ca Ur l CO(NH2)2.
- ng 1: v trong Ur c NH3 lm kim ha mi trng nn khi nh 2 git
phenolphthalein lm dung dch chuyn sang mu hng. do dung dch Ur c pha
long cn 10% nn dung dch c mu hng rt nht.
- ng 2: Trong bt u nnh c enzyme urease nn khi tc dng vi Ur, enzyme
s thy phn Ur to 2 nhm amoniac (-NH3), lm tng tnh kim ca dung dch. Do

ng 2 c mu hng. Lng bt u nnh nng hn do lng xung to s phn

lp.
5. Kt lun
- Ta bit c enzyme phn hy Ur chnh l enzyme urease c trong 1 s loi
thc vt.
- Do s thy phn ur ca enzyme urease s to amoniac (-NH3) v cacbon
dioxide (CO2). Trong amoniac (-NH3) s lm kim ha mi trng.
IV. Thy phn Lipid bng Lipase
1. Nguyn tc:
- Lipid (Triglyceride) b thy phn thnh glycerol v axit bo, s gii phng ra
axit lm axit ha mi trng phn ng.
2. Ha cht v dng c
a. Ha cht:
- Dung dch sa nh tng
- Dung dch phenolphthalein 1%.
- Dung dch Na2CO3 1%.
- Nc ct.
- Dch ty.
b. Dng c:
- 2 ng nghim
3. Cch tin hnh:
1ml sa nh tng + 2 git phenolphtalein

- ng 1: 3 git nc ct

+ Na2CO3 1%. -> mu hng nht

- ng 2: 3 git dch ty

30 pht.
4. Kt qu th nghim:
a. Hin tng:

ng 1: dung dch c mu hng.

ng 2: Dung dch khng mu.

b. Gii thch:
- Khi cho phenolphthalein vo dung dch sa nh tng th dung dch khng c
mu, chng t, sa nh tng c mi trng trung tnh. Na2CO3 l bazo, do khi nh
vo dung dch lm dung dch chuyn sang mu hng nht.
- ng 1: Nh 3 git nc ct, khng c hin tng.
- ng 2: Khi cho dch ty vo dung dch th trong dch ty c enzyme lipase. Lc
enzyme lipase s thy phn lipid c trong sa nh tng to glycerol v acid bo.
S gii phng acid bo lm acid ha mi trng phn ng. khi , Mi trng acid
ny s trung ha vi mi trng bazo ca Na2CO3 lm mt mu dung dch.
5. Kt lun
- Ta bit c, enzyme thy phn lipid l enzyme lipase c trong dch ty.
- Do s thy phn ca enzyme lipase vi lipid s to glycerol v acid bo, m
chnh acid bo s lm acid ha mi trng phn ng.