TCP IP 2006 Corp Seminar

TCP/IP ENC28J60
April 26th, 2006

Philip Seo
CAE, Microchip Korea
2006 Corporate Seminar : TCP/IP
Contents
Advanced
Advanced Solutions
Solutions Selling
Selling
Ethernet Overview
Ethernet Overview
Microchip Ethernet Solution
LAB 1 : Configuring the Network
TCP/IP Stack Overview

Network Concept
Basic TCP/IP Review
Networking Concept
Microchip TCP/IP Stack & HTTP Server
Microchip TCP/IP Stack Overview

Microchip File System
Lab 2 Using Microchip File System
HTTP Server
Lab 3 Using HTTP to monitor & control
Lab 4 Using HTTP to download info
Lab 5 Custom UDP application
Ethernet Overview
Ethernet
2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
Class
Slide
Connectivity Summary
AGP
PCI
Today
Tomorrow
1394-Fire Wire
Unlikely
WiFi (b/g)
10Mb/s
Ethernet
USB 2.0
LS-USB
CAN
Page 5
HS-USB
USB 1.1
Serial
500 Kb/s
FS-USB
Parallel Port
1 Mb/s
1.5 Mb/s
12 Mb/s
100 Mb/s 480 Mb/s 1 Gb
Why Ethernet?
z
z
Ethernet is the most widely deployed network in

offices and industrial buildings
Ethernets infrastructure, interoperability and
scalability ensure ease of development
Once equipment is connected to a Ethernet
network, it can be monitored or controlled
through the Internet
Class
Slide
How does Ethernet work?

z
Carrier Sense Multiple Access w/Collision Detect

- Carrier Sense - each interface must wait
until there is no signal before transmitting
- Multiple Access - all interfaces have equal
priority on the network
- Collision Detect - when interfaces transmit
simultaneously, the collision is detected and
the data is retransmitted
Collisions are normal & expected events
- Interfaces wait random amounts of time to
retransmit
Class
Slide
Ethernet Market Trends

z
Industrial and businesses are already wired
Ethernet is the de-facto standard for wired comms
No longer PC centric
Ethernet speeds will continue to increase
Installation costs high but installed base is massive
Wireless is in its infancy
VOIP allows speech over the internet
Voice Over Internet Protocol is the fastest growing area
Wireless VOIP is new but will be significant
Page 8
Applications
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Page 9
Fire & Safety Panels

Industrial Control
Access Control
Industrial printer
Label printer
Hotel minibar
Home automation
VOIP intercom
Metering
Speakers
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Environmental monitoring
Kitchen appliances
Drink dispenser
Network monitoring
Instruments
Server monitoring
Fingerprint recognition
Medicine dispensing
Ethernet Installations
Where else would you find Ethernet installed?

Commercial buildings (Retail / Warehousing etc)
Industrial (Factories etc)
Offices
Hotels
Homes
Bridges
z
z
z
z
z
Page 10
CAN Ethernet
Zigbee Ethernet
USB Ethernet
Market Drivers
z
Industrial Applications:
Access control
Security cameras
Fire panels
Industrial Printers
VoIP:
Smart Card Reader
Zellweger Gas Detector
Adapters
Phones
Security Cameras
Page 11
Printers
Power Over Ethernet

z
Powers devices connected to Ethernet

New Market
Does not require mains to be routed to device
Reduces installation costs greatly
Reduces cable runs
It a worldwide standard
Ethernet Clock
48 Volts
Zellweger Gas Detector

Security Cameras
Page 12
Smart Card Lock
Smart Card Reader
VoIP Phone Adapter
ADSL
ADSL
COMPUTER
ADSL MODEM
Page 13
VoIP Phone Adapter

Router
VOIP Adapter
ADSL
ADSL
COMPUTER
Standard wired phone
Page 14
Standard wired phone
VoIP Phone Adapter
Page 15
Page 16
ENC28J60
Product Summary
z
Worlds Smallest Ethernet Controller:
Minimizing board space, cost, complexity
Optimised for Embedded Solutions
ENC28J60 highly integrated
Microchip offers FREE TCP/IP Stack
Page 17
On-chip 10Mbps MAC/PHY, 8Kb Buffer RAM, SPITM

serial interface, 28-pin package
Modular design, no license/royalty fees
ENC28J60: Ethernet Controller
Provides Remote Application Access

Page 18
ENC28J60
Worlds Smallest Ethernet Controller!
MAC Address from IEEE $1500
MCU
INT, WOL
Page 19
Serial Ethernet Controller

DIP, SOIC, SSOP, QFN
MCU
8Kbytes
IEEE 802.3
INT, WOL
Vdd range =>3.14 to 3.45V

Temperature => 0C to 70C

Class
Slide
20
ENC28J60 Block Diagram
Class
Slide
21
ENC28J60 External Connection
Class
Slide
22
ENC28J60 Register Map
Class
Slide
23
ENC28J60 Memory
Class
Slide
24
ENC28J60 External Connection
Class
Slide
25
ENC28J60 Transmit Packet Layout
Class
Slide
26
ENC28J60 Receive Packet Layout
Class
Slide
27
ENC28J60 SPI Instruction Set
Class
Slide
28
ENC28J60 SPI READ
Class
Slide
29
ENC28J60 SPI WRITE
Class
Slide
30
VoIP Phone Adapter

DS
Current Part is a standard

Network Interface Card IC
SOIC, SDIP, SSOP,QFN
Competitive 10 Mbps,
100-pin Device
Page 31
Microchip 10 Mbps,
ENC28J60: 28 Pins
Ethernet PICtail #AC164121:

Supporting Demo Boards
Future PICDEMTM II+
$99
PICDEM FS USB - $59

Page 32
PICDEM HPC Explorer -$59
PICDEM LCD - $125
Ethernet PICtailTM
PICDEM Z - $199
Competition Summary
Page 33
Parallel Ethernet Controllers

z
RTL8019AS
-
CS8900A
-
IEEE 802.3 10Mbit

16Kbytes RAM, 100-pin QFP
ISA Bus
IEEE 802.3 10Mibt
ISA Bus
LAN91C111
-
IEEE 802.3/802.3u 10/100 Mbit

ARM, PowerPC, MIPS 32-bit interface
Class
Slide
34
Ethernet PICTailTM Daughter Board
Class
Slide
35
Ethernet PICTailTM Daughter Board
Class
Slide
36
dsPICDEM.net Board
ICD2
UART
10-base T
Ethernet
LCD
Class
Slide
37
dsPIC30F Ethernet
Controller Connection (1 of 2)
PORTD
PORTD
Class
Slide
38
dsPIC30F Ethernet
Controller Connection (2 of 2)
PORTD
Data I/O
Control
Register
Address
Class
Slide
39
Microchip
s PICDEM.net
Microchips
z
PICDEM.net Kit includes:

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
PICDEM.net board
PIC16F877
TCP/IP Lean book
Users Guide
Power Adapter
Ethernet Cable
PICDEM.net Connectivity
Solutions CD
-ROM
CD-ROM
Price: $299USD
40
**Hardware
Hardware Overview
PICDEM.net Block Diagram
USER LEDs
D6
VCC
RB5
/MCLR
S3
S2
AN0/RA0
AN1/RA1
A2
VCC
A1
WP
A0
SCL
GND SDA
24LC256
SCL
SDA
JP2
RA2
RA3
RE2
RE1
RE0
RD7-0
RB4-0
RSTDRV LED2
LED1
LED0
D5
1
6
RC6/TXD
RC5(CTS)
RC7/RXD
RC2(RTS)
PIC18F452
19.66MHz
T1IN T1OUT
T2IN T2OUT
R1OUT R1IN
R2OUT R2IN
TC232
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
Not all connections shown

41
IOWB TPout+
IORB
SD7-0
TPoutSA4-0
TPin+
SA19-SA5
TPinRTL8019
20MHz
D3
D2
D1
RJ45
Explore 16 + Ethernet Demo Kits
Class
Slide
42
Integrated MCU + Ethernet

z
PIC18F97J60
- 64K, 96K or 128K bytes Flash z
- 3.9K bytes RAM
- 8K bytes TX/RX Buffer
- 41.67MHz max
Package (TQFP)
- 64/80/100-Pins
Other:
- External Memory Bus
- 16 channel 10-bit A/D
Communication
- Ethernet: MAC+PHY
(IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T)
- 2 EUSARTs
- MSSP (SPI /MI2C)
Class
Peripherals
-
16 ch. 10-Bit ADC

2 Comparators
5 Timers
CCP/ECCP modules
Slide
43
LAB1 : Configuring our Network
Class
Slide
44
LAB1 : Ethernet Demo Kit Connection

PC/Laptop running:
Optional
RJ-11 Phone Cable
MPLAB IDE for ICD2

IE for displaying HTML pages
USB Cable
CAT-5 Crossover Cable

Ethernet
Connection
ICD 2 Jack
PICDEM HPC Explorer Board
running Microchip TCP/IP Stack program
45
LAB1 : Go to Network Connections
Class
Slide
46
LAB1 : Network Connections

Properties
Class
Slide
47
LAB1 : Local Area Connection

Properties
Click this
button
Highlight this
selection
Class
Slide
48
LAB1 : Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Properties
Copy these
numbers
Select this
option
10 . 10 . 5 . 16
10 . 10 . 5 . 15
Class
Make sure the

last number
is board + 1
Slide
49
Lab #1
z
z
z
Goal: Setup Computer & Board

Open LAB.PJT in C:EthernetLAB
Edit address
- S1 + RESET Button : Menu Selection
- Select 2. Change default IP address
- Insert New IP Address -> Enter
z
z
Compile & Download program

Open Internet Explorer, Type in IP address
of your board
Class
Slide
50
TCP/IP Stack Overview
What is a network?
z
network
a computer or telecommunications
system linked to permit exchange of
information
2001 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved..
S4601
Internet Connectivity
52
What is a network?
z
internet
(Lower case i) any time you connect 2 or

more networks together, you have an
internet - as in inter-national or interstate
Also known as a network
S4601
53
What is a network?
z
intranet
a network operating like the World Wide

Web but having access restricted to a
limited group of authorized users (as
employees of a company)
S4601
54
What is a network?
z
Internet
(Upper case I) The vast collection of

inter-connected networks that all use the
TCP/IP protocols and that evolved from
the ARPANET of the late 60s and early
70s
The Internet now connects roughly 60,000
independent networks into a vast global
internet
S4601
55
What is a network?
z
LAN
a computer network limited to the

immediate area, usually the same building
or floor of a building
S4601
56
What is a network?
z
WAN
any internet or network that covers an

area larger than a single building or
campus
S4601
57
What devices make up a

network?
z
client
software used to contact and obtain data

from Server software on another computer
designed to work with one or more
specific kinds of Server programs, and
each Server requires a specific kind of
Client
a Web Browser is a specific kind of Client
S4601
58

network?
z
z
server
a computer or software package that
provides services to clients running on
other computers
can refer to a particular piece of software
or to the machine which is running the
software
A server machine can run different server
software packages providing many
different servers to clients on a network
S4601
59

network?
z
router
a special-purpose computer or software

package that handles the connection
between 2 or more networks
routers spend all their time looking at the
destination addresses of the packets
passing through them and deciding which
route to send them on
S4601
60

network?
z
gateway
protocol converter
an application-specific node that
connects otherwise incompatible
networks
converts data codes and transmission
protocols to enable interoperability
between networks
S4601
61
Basic TCP/IP Review

Internet Protocol Stack
SNMP
(T)FTP
HTTP
UDP
SMTP
Internet Layer
USART
- implements addressing
and routing for transmitting/receiving data
IP
Modem
- implements reliable
communication over the Internet Layer
ICMP
SLIP
- web browsers,
email and other user oriented services
Transport Layer
TCP
PPP
Application Layer
DHCP
Network Access Layer
ARP
- manages HW
interface to communications medium

Physical Layer - communications
medium such as telephone wires,
CAT-5 cable, etc.
Ethernet
62
Internet Protocol Stack Layers

z
z
z
z
z
Physical Layer - communications medium such

as telephone wires, CAT-5 cable, etc.
Network Access Layer - manages hardware
interface to communications medium
Internet Layer - implements addressing and
routing for transmitting and receiving data
Transport Layer - implements reliable
communication over the Internet Layer
Application Layer - web browsers, email and
other user oriented services
63
Basic TCP/IP Review

z
Protocol
PPP
IP
TCP
UDP
SMTP
FTP
HTTP
Description
Point-to-Point Protocol
Internet Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol
User Datagram Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
File Transfer Protocol
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
RFC
Request For Comment
For a complete glossary, search the RFCs, go to:

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1983.txt?number=1983
64
Basic TCP/IP Review

IETF RFCs Recommended Reading List
RFC
Description
172 FTP
768 UDP
791 IP
793 TCP
821 SMTP
937 POP3
1055 SLIP
File Transfer Protocol

Internet Protocol
Post Office Protocol
Nonstandard for transmission of IP
datagrams over serial lines
Protocol walkthroughs
Protocol walkthroughs
The Point-to-Point Protocol
The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol
Authentication Protocols
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Bootstrap Protocol
Hyper-Text Markup Language
(http://www.w3c.org/)
1122
1123
1331, 1661 PPP
1332 IPCP
1334 PPP
1350 TFTP
1541 DHCP
1542 BOOTP
2854 HTML
65
Ethernet Packet
Used in the
calculation
of the FCS
Number
of Bytes
Field
Preamble
Comments
Filtered out by the MAC
SFD
Start-of-Frame Delimiter
Filtered out by the MAC
DA
Destination Address
SA
Source Address
Type/Length
461500
Data
Type of Packet or the

Length of the Packet
Packet Payload
(with optional padding)
Padding
4
FCS
Frame Check Sequence - CRC

Class
Slide
66
Physical Layer
z
Physical Layers
Takes many forms

z Telephone Line (modem, DSL)
z Twisted pair, coaxial, fiber optic, RF
(Ethernet)
Supports many data rates
z Modem - up to 56 Kbps
z Ethernet - up to 1 Gbps
67

z
Network Access Layer - PPP (RFC 1661)
Point-to-Point Protocol
most well known as a protocol that allows a

computer to use a regular telephone line and a
modem to make TCP/IP connections to the
Internet
68

z
z
Network Access Layer - DHCP (RFC

1541)
a protocol for assigning dynamic IP addresses

to devices on a network
Network Access Layer - ARP (RFC 826)

Address Resolution Protocol
z
z
protocol used to convert an IP address into a

physical address (i.e. Ethernet address)
69
Internet Layer
z
Internet Layer - IP (RFC 791)
Internet Protocol
specifies the format of packets, also called

datagrams, and the addressing scheme
Handles routing of data over the arbitrary
collections of networks called the Internet
Most networks combine IP with a Transport
Layer protocol, which establishes a virtual
connection between a destination and a source
z
z
70
IP Header Format
0
0 Version
Hdr len Service
8 Time
to live
16
20
Pcol
Length
Ident
Checksum
8
Flags
Fragment Offset
Source Address
Destination Address
Header options
0 - 40 bytes
IP data
0 - ? bytes
Header length is default 20 bytes long
71
Internet Layer
z
Internet Layer - ICMP (RFC 792)
Internet Control Message Protocol
an extension to IP
Handles transfer of messages containing error,
control, and informational data
PING, for example, is a ICMP echo request/reply
to see if a computer exists
z
z
72
Transport Layer
z
Transport Layer - UDP (RFC 768)
a connectionless protocol that runs on top of IP

networks
provides very few error recovery services,
offering instead a direct way to send and
receive datagrams over an IP network
used primarily for broadcasting messages over
a network
73
UDP Packet Format

0
0
Source Port
Destination Port
Message Length
Data
74
8
Checksum
Transport Layer
z
Transport Layer - TCP (RFC 793)
one of the main protocols used in networks

enables two hosts to establish a connection and
exchange streams of data
guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees
that packets will be re-assembled in the same
order in which they were sent
z
z
75
TCP Functions
z
Why is TCP so difficult?

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Initiate a connection between two computers

Send data bi-directionally between 2 computers
Handle loss of data on the network
Handle duplication of data on the network
Handle reception of packets out of order
Handle network failure
Handle data rates from single byte to bulk transfers
Provide flow control to prevent data overload
Close connection between 2 computers
Support partially closed connection
Handle data arrival after connection closed
76
TCP Packet Format

0
0
16
20
Source Port
Destination Port
Urgent Pointer
Options
Data
77
Sequence Number
Header
Length
Acknowledgement Number
Checksum
Flags
Window
Applications Protocols
z
In addition to the basic protocols,

application protocols allow
communication of information
z
z
z
z
Mail
Web browsing
Network management
File Transfer
Application protocols run on top of the

basic protocols
78
Application Layer
z
Application Layer - SMTP (RFC 821)
a protocol for sending email messages between

servers
generally used to send messages from a mail
client to a mail server
79
Application Layer
z
Application Layer - HTTP (RFC 2616)
HyperText Transfer Protocol
underlying protocol for World Wide Web

defines how messages are formatted and
transmitted, what actions web servers and
browsers should respond to commands
enter a URL in web browser, sends an HTTP
command to the Web server directing it to fetch
and transmit the requested web page
80
Application Layer
z
Application Layer - TFTP (RFC 1350)
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
a simple form of the FTP

uses UDP and provides no security features
often used by servers to boot diskless
workstations, X-terminals, and routers
z
z
81
Networking
z
Three ways to communicate

- Wired dial-up
- SLIP, PPP, etc.
- Wireless Ethernet
- 948 WLC presented by Fred Eady
- www.edtp.com
- TRENDnet TEW-222CF 802.11b RF card
- Wired Ethernet
- Subject of this class
Class
Slide
82
Network Topologies
z
Serial link
z
Three wires connect computers together

z Ground
z A transmit to B receive
z B transmit to A receive
B
83
Network Topologies
Serial Link
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Both computers have equal access to the link

There are only two computers on the network
A computer can transmit data at any time
Message delivery is reliable
The serial data is a free-format stream of bytes,
with little or no integrity checking
There is no limit on message size
There is no need for addressing
84
Network Topologies
Serial Link
z
z
z
TCP/IP assumes data is sent in blocks

with defined beginning and end
Serial driver resides on top of serial link
Serial Line Internet Protocol
z
z
z
End of each block signaled by a C0h byte

Most SLIP drivers send C0h at beginning to clear out
any garbage characters
Maximum 1006 bytes per block
SLIP frame END

C0h
Data
1 - 1006 bytes
85
END
C0h
Network Topologies
z
Network
z
z
Computers are connected to a common

cable or to a hub
A hub copies the signals and is essentially
transparent to the computer
Network - bus topology
Network - star topology

86
Network Topologies
Network (Ethernet)
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
All computers on the network have equal access to the

network
All computers have a unique 48-bit address
Any computer may transmit on the network when it is
idle
Message delivery is unreliable
All data on the network is in blocks (frames) with a
defined beginning and end and integrity check
The network can send a maximum of 1500 bytes per
frame
All messages are equipped with a source and
destination address
87
Network Topologies
Network (Ethernet)
z
Ethernet frames include

z Destination address
z Source address
z Type/Length field
z Data
z CRC
Dest
6 bytes
Source
6 bytes
Type
2 bytes
Data
46 - 1500 bytes
Ethernet frame 64 - 1518 bytes

88
CRC
4 bytes
TCP Packet Format

Bytes
0
Source Port
Destination Port
Sequence Number
Header
Length
Acknowledgement Number
16
Checksum
Urgent Pointer
20
Options
Data
89
Flags
Window
UDP Packet Format

Bytes
0
Source Port
Destination Port
Message Length
Data
90
8
Checksum
(Ignore: 0x0000)
IP Header Format
Bytes
0
0 Version
Hdr len Service
8 Time
to live
Pcol
Length
Ident
Checksum
8
Flags
Fragment Offset
Source Address
16
Destination Address
20
Header options
0 - 40 bytes
IP data
0 - N bytes
Header length is default 20 bytes long
91
Transporting TCP/IP
Ether
IP
TCP/UDP
User Payload
16 bit
checksum
16 bit
checksum
92
CRC
Transporting TCP/IP
Ether
IP
TCP/UDP
User Payload
16 bit
checksum
CRC
16 bit
checksum
Handled by datalink (hardware and/or software)
93
Transporting TCP/IP
Ether
IP
TCP/UDP
User Payload
16 bit
checksum
z
z
CRC
16 bit
checksum

Handled by stack (segment discard on checksum f
ail)
94
Transporting TCP/IP
Ether
IP
TCP/UDP
User Payload
16 bit
checksum
z
z
z
CRC
16 bit
checksum

ail)
Handled by stack (checksum test deferred)
Checksum appears in header
z
Value set so overall sum is FFFF
z
95
Transporting TCP/IP
Ether
IP
TCP/UDP
User Payload
16 bit
checksum
z
z
z
CRC
16 bit
checksum

ail)
Handled by stack (checksum test deferred)
Checksum appears in header
z
Value set so overall sum is FFFF
z
Passed to application
Data streamed up as it arrives
z
Checksum pass/fail notified at end of data
z
96
Network Diagram
ROUTER
SUBNET 1
SUBNET 3
ROUTER
ROUTER
SUBNET 2
LINK TO OTHER NETWORK
ROUTER
97
Physical Layer Addressing

z
Ethernet
z
z
z
z
z
Each device on the network has a unique six

byte physical address
Highly specific to the hardware
Upper 3 bytes are Organizationally Unique ID
z Buy from IEEE for $1500
Lower 3 bytes are serial number
Cumbersome to use to transfer information
z Need a logical address
98
Internet Layer Addressing

z
IP Address
z
z
Uses the Network Access Layer protocols to

assign logical address to physical address
4 byte number represents:
z Network address - uniquely identifies an
organization
z Subnet address - identifies a subnet
within the organization
z System address - identifies a single
node on the subnet
99
Network Addressing
z
Network needs to know if the recipient is

on the same subnet
z
z
Does it send the message directly

Does it sent the message through a router
Each node has a subnet mask

z
Logically ANDed with IP address &

compared
Node 2
Node 1
123.45.67.8
123.45.78.9
IP Address
255.255.255.0 255.255.0.0
Subnet Mask
123.45.0.0
Resulting Subnet 123.45.67.0
100
Connection Orientated Model (TCP)

1. Request
Connection
3. Session Established,
Transmit Data Units
5. Transmit n
Data Units
7. Done,
disconnecting
Originating host
Internet
Destination host
2. Connection acknowledged
Request n Data Units
z
4. Received,
send n more.
6. Received,
send n more
8. OK, terminating
session
TCP provides Connection

-orientated services to upper layer TCP/IP and
Connection-orientated
User applications
101
Connectionless Model (UDP)

1. Ready or not, Im sending
n data units to you
2. Done
Originating host
Internet
Destination host
UDP provides Connection

-LESS services to upper layer UDP/IP and User
Connection-LESS
applications
102
Why TCP/IP?
z
z
z
z
Not the only option (CAN, ARC, MODBUS,

proprietary), but certainly the most popular
one. Basis for the Internet. The role of
private LANs.
Suitable for most but not all applications
Benefit from the wide availability of tools
and expertise
TCP vs. UDP if TCP guarantees delivery,
and UDP is unreliable,
unreliable, why is UDP still
around ? Critical application design
decisions
103
Delivery Guarantees
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
TCP provides ordered reliable delivery

bi
-directional connection
-orientated protocol
bi-directional
connection-orientated
data is segmented and acknowledged
flow control via a window
window
sequence numbering on content
timeouts and re
-transmits
re-transmits
larger memory footprint
UDP is accepted best
-effort
best-effort
low overhead, connection
-LESS protocol
connection-LESS
transaction orientated (transmitter to receiver)
application must address reliability (no ACK)
packet delivery is not guaranteed
use for periodic data transmissions
smaller memory footprint
104
TCP versus UDP

TCP
z
UDP
Takes elaborate measures

to ensure reliable delivery,
mandating use of specific
timers and thus effectively
defining the behavior of
the data transfer.
Especially appropriate for
transfer of file
-like data
file-like
(firmware, etc.) which
must arrive intact but not
necessarily time
-critical.
time-critical.
Larger memory footprint
footprint..
105
Thin layer on top of IP

protocol. Does not
guarantee delivery. Many
realreal- time
time protocols
built on top of UDP to
obtain the precise timing
and reliability
requirements for a
particular application
(RTSP for example).
Much smaller memory
footprint.
Microchip TCP/IP Stack &

File System Overview
Introduction to Microchips TCP/IP

Stack
Class
Slide
107
Microchip FREE TCP/IP Stack

z
z
Runs on most PIC18 micros

Requires approx 25K Code space
z
DHCP
SNMP
HTTP
UDP
TCP
ICMP
IP
ARP
Ethernet
Page 108
FTP
TFTP
Stack is license FREE

Application Notes:
z AN833
z AN870
Microchips TCP/IP Stack

z
z
Microchip App Note AN833 & AN870

Source code available for FREE !
- No fee license agreement
- Must use with Microchip MCU
- Download off Microchip website
z
z
Standard Microchip technical support

Suite of files
- C Source files and PC based utility
Class
Slide
109
What can I do?
Provides Remote Application Access

Class
Slide
110
TCP/IP Stack Features

z
z
Portable across PIC18 microcontrollers

Out-of-box support for Microchip
MPLAB C18 and PICC 18 (Hitech)
compilers
- Additional support for PIC24 & dsPIC
RTOS independent Cooperative

Multitasking Environment
Modular Design
- Full TCP State machine
- Socket support for TCP and UDP
Class
Slide
111
Stack Modules
Internet Protocol Stack
DHCP SMTP* SNMP
UDP
HTTP FTP
Application Layer
TCP
Transport Layer
ICMP
Internet Layer
IP
PPP*
Modem*
SLIP
USART
ARP
Ethernet

Physical Layer
* To be added
Class
Slide
112
Block Diagram
Server
Application
Custom
Transport
FTP
Client
Server
SMTP HTTP
Stack Manager
TCP/UDP
ICMP
IP
Internet
ARPTask
ARP
Host-To-Network
MAC
Class
Slide
113
Media Access Control (MAC)

z
Out-of-box support for:

-
ENC28J60
RealTek 8019AS
SMSC LAN91C111
Uses many of Microchips demo boards

including PICDEM.net & dsPICDEM.net
Uses NIC RAM as buffer
Data
MCU
Address
Ethernet
Interface
Control
Class
Slide
114
IP Configuration
z
z
IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway

Static values
- Hard-coded in source code
IP Gleaning
- Only IP address

- All IP parameters
- Fully automatic
Function calls to MAC
Class
Slide
115

(TCP)
z
Connection Oriented
- Reliable data transfer
z
z
Full TCP State Machine

Unlimited TCP Sockets
- Limited by available RAM and compiler only
Function calls to:

- MAC
- IP
Class
Slide
116
TCP Functions
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
TCPInit
TCPListen
TCPConnect
TCPIsConnected
TCPDisconnect
TCPIsPutReady
TCPPut
TCPFlush
TCPIsGetReady
z
z
z
z
z
Class
TCPGet
TCPGetArray
TCPDiscard
TCPProcess
TCPTick
Slide
117
TCP Client Steps

ARPResolve(...)
TCPIsPutReady(..)
TCPIsGetReady(..)
TCPPut(...)
TCPFlush(...)
TCPGet(...)
TCPDiscard(...)
ARPIsResolved(..)
TCPConnect(...)
TCPDisconnect(...)
TCPIsConnected(..)
TCPIsConnected(..)
Class
Slide
118
TCP Server Steps

TCPListen(...)
TCPDisconnect(...)
TCPIsConnected(..)
TCPIsConnected(..)
TCPIsPutReady(..)
TCPIsGetReady(..)
TCPPut(...)
TCPFlush(...)
TCPGet(...)
TCPDiscard(...)
Class
Slide
119
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

z
Connectionless Protocol
- No built-in error recovery
Unlimited UDP Socket support

- Socket count limited by available RAM
- Multiple applications can access UDP
simultaneously
z
z
No checksum calculation
Function calls to:
- MAC
- IP
Class
Slide
120
UDP Functions
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
UDPInit
UDPOpen
UDPClose
UDPIsPutReady
UDPPut
UDPFlush
UDPIsGetReady
UDPGet
UDPDiscard
UDPProcess
Class
Slide
121
UDP Steps
UDPOpen(...)
UDPIsPutReady(..)
UDPIsGetReady(..)
UDPPut(...)
UDPFlush(...)
UDPGet(...)
UDPDiscard(...)
UDPClose(...)
Class
Slide
122
Security
z
z
z
z
z
No built-in security
Application must provide reasonable
authentication and encryption
Avoid blind remote control
Restrict critical commands
PIC microcontroller is not same as PC
- Limit no. of users to designed limit
- No built-in solution for Denial Of Service
Class
Slide
123
Microchip TCP/IP Stack Configure
Class
Slide
124
Microchip TCP/IP Stack Configure
Class
Slide
125
Microchip TCP/IP Stack File
Class
Slide
126
Microchip TCP/IP Stack File
Class
Slide
127
**Microchip
Microchip TCP/IP Stack
Compile
-Time Options (Module
Compile-Time
Selection)
STACK_USE_ DHCP Custom FTP SNMP HTTP

DHCP
SNMP
FTP_SERVER
HTTP_SERVER
StackTsk.h
Stack Manager
TCP/UDP
TCP / UDP
MAX_SOCKETS
MAX_UDP_SOCKETS
ICMP
IP_GLEANING
ICMP
IP
ARPTask
IP_GLEANING
MAC
128
ARP
SLIP
SLIP
**Microchip
Compile
Time
Options
Compile-Time
MAX_HTTP_CONNECTIONS StackTsk.h
DHCP Custom
FTP SNMP HTTP
Stack Manager
TCP/UDP
TCP_NO_WAIT_FOR_ACK
STACK_CLIENT_MODE
MAX_ICMP_DATA_LEN ICMP
IP
ARPTask
STACK_CLIENT_MODE
MAC_TX_BUFFER_SIZE
MAC_TX_BUFFER_COUNT
MAC
129
ARP
SLIP
**Microchip
Compile
-Time Options
Compile-Time
TCP_NO_WAIT_FOR_ACK
Allows back
-to-back TCP packet
back-to-back
transfers (within a TCP window) while
waiting for ACK
Throughput increased TCP
Don
t care: HTTP
Dont
z
z
browser always
retries
ACK
Client
Server
130
**Microchip
Compile
-Time Options
Compile-Time
Server and/or client?

z
Two modes of operations

z
z
z
z
STACK_CLIENT_MODE enables Client mode

Client mode provides
z
z
z
Server
Server and Client
TCPConnect
ARPResolve
ARPIsResolved
SMTP module enables Client mode

131
**Microchip
Software Structure
z
z
void main(void) {
while(1){
z
z
Tasks
// Main infinite loop

// Cooperative Multitasks
//
RTOS Independent
z
z
// Initialization
Initialization
}
// Int service routines
ISRs
// Subroutines
Subroutines
132
**Microchip
Software Structure Initialization
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
MyInit();
StackInit();
TickInit();
HTTPInit();
dependent
MPFSInit();
FTPInit();
DHCPInit();
SNMPInit();
//
// Your
//
Initialization
app init
Required
// Application
133
**Microchip
Software Structure - Main Loop

z
z
z
while(1){
// Main infinite loop
MyTask();
// Your app task(s)
StackTask();
// Required
HTTPServer();
dependent
FTPServer();
DHCPServer();
SNMPServer();
z
z
z
}
134
// Application
**Microchip
Software Structure - Subroutines

z
z
TickUpdate();
HTTPExecCmd();
dependent
HTTPGetVar();
// Subroutines
// Required
// Callbacks app
135
**Stack
Stack Layers
Application - HTTP Server API

z
HTTPGetVar
z
Callback function to get dynamic variable value
Used when client requesting info from server
Client
Server
136
Microchip TCP/IP Stack Usage
Class
Slide
137
Class
Slide
138

(MPFS)
z
z
Small yet powerful file system

Flexible storage scheme
- Internal program memory or external data
EEPROM (up to 64KB)
z
z
z
z
PC based utility to generate MPFS image

8 + 3 Short file names
Case-insensitive file names
Read AN833 for more detail
Class
Slide
139

(MPFS)
Class
Slide
140
MPFS Image
z
Two types
- C data file for Program Memory
- bin file for external data EEPROM
z
z
z
z
z
PC utility mpfs.exe
All web pages in one directory
Image size must fit in available memory
CR LF stripped from *.htm files
Reserved block for application specific
data
Class
Slide
141
MPFS Utility
z
mpfs [/?] [/c] [/b] [/r<Block>]

<InputDir> <OutputFile>
/? : Display help
/c : Generate C data file
/b : Generate binary data file (Default)
/r : Reserve a block of memory at beginning
(Used in /b mode only. Default=32)
- <InputDir>: Directory that contains files
- <OutputFile>: Output file name
Class
Slide
142
MPFS Examples
z
Generate C data file

- mpfs /c MyPagesDir mypages.c
- Link this file into your project
Generate binary data file, with 32 bytes

reserved block
- mpfs MyPagesDir mypages.bin
Reserve 128 bytes in EEPROM

- mpfs /r128 MyPagesDir mypages.bin
- Useful to store custom data outside MPFS
Class
Slide
143
Lab #2
z
z
Goal: Learn how to modify MPFS image

Exercise:
- Modify name in
c:EthernetLABwebpagesmain.htm
- Build MPFS image
- mpfs c:EthernetLABwebpages
webpage.bin
- Download new webpages using
HyperTerminal
- Open Internet Explorer and type in Board IP
Address
Class
Slide
144
LAB2 : Downloading Web Pages

with Hyperterminal
z
z
z
Open HyperTerminal
File -> Properties
Connect using:
-
z
z
z
z
z
Select COM port
Select Configure
Use same options ->
Click OK
Click OK
Connect ->
Class
Slide
145

with Hyperterminal
Press & Hold S1, Press & Release MCLR, Release S1
Select 7
Class
Slide
146

with Hyperterminal
Select Transfer -> Send File
C:\Ethernet\LAB\webpages.bin
Pulldown menu & select Xmodem

Browse & select this file Click Send
Class
Slide
147

with Hyperterminal
Select 8 to Finish
Class
Slide
148
HTTP Servers
Class
Slide
149
HTTP Server
z
z
z
z
Multiple simultaneous connections

Supports HTML Forms
Dynamic web page creation
Pages stored in Program Memory or
external serial EEPROM
Simple and powerful Microchip File
System (MPFS)
Easy to integrate
Class
Slide
150
HTTP Server API

z
z
HTTPInit
HTTPServer
- Performs HTTP Server tasks - Call
periodically
HTTPGetVar
- Callback to get dynamic variable value
HTTPExecCmd
- Callback to execute HTML form command
Class
Slide
151
Web content
z
z
Static HTML pages and graphics

Interactive pages
z
z
Clickable graphics
Forms
Dynamic pages
z
z
z
z
Common Gateway Interface

Embedded Gateway Interface
Server-side inclusion
Variable substitution
152
Static HTML pages

z
z
z
Stored in EEROM filesystem

Copied from ROM to network
ROM contains
z
File directory
z Location
z Length
z Attributes
z Pre-calculated TCP checksum
File
z HTTP header
z Data
153
Interactive HML pages

z
Clickable graphics
<table><tr valign=middle>
<td><a href="switch2.htm"><img src="switchu.gif"></a></td>
<td><img src="ledoff.gif"></td>
</tr></table>
154
Interactive HTML pages

z
HTML forms
GET /thank.htm?name=Joe+Bloggs&addr=joe@home&
state=happy&send=Submit HTTP/1.0
155
Display variable substitution
@3
°C
becomes
23.5°C
@2:@1:@0
becomes
20:44:19
156
Form variable substitution

<form action='setime.egi'>
<input type=text name=hrs
size=2 value='@2'> :
<input type=text name=min
size=2 value='@1'> :
<input type=text name=sec
size=2 value='@0'>
<br><br>
<input type=submit name=sub
value='Set clock'>
</form><br>
157
Button value substitution
<form action='digout.egi'>
<table border=2><tr>
<td><input type=submit
name=out7 value=#></td>
</tr></table></form>
158
ChipWeb home page
z
z
z
z
159
Monitor digital I/Ps

Control digital O/Ps
Display analog values
Use conventional Web
browser
Navigation frame
z
z
Standard HTML techniques

Change page in the center frame
<A href="main1.htm" target=middle>
Home</A>
Animate switches and LEDs

<td><a href="digout11.htm"> <img s
rc="sw0.gif"></a></td>
<td><a href="digout00.htm"> <img s
rc="sw1.gif"></a></td>
160
Dynamic status frame

z
Update page using client pull

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="5">
Dynamic data using @ variables

<tr><th>O/P states</th></tr>
<tr><td>@5</td><td>@6</td></tr>
Dynamic graphics using stacked GIFs
161
Dynamic HTML Pages

z
z
z
z
Must have cgi file extension

Variable substitution method
Format: %xx - xx is a variable (0-99)
Substitution may be one or more
characters
- May be used to upload complete binary
image
Use extra % to display % itself

- 23%% displays 23%
Class
Slide
162
Variable Substitution Example

z
z
z
z
z
z
1. <table>
2. <tr><td><b><Results></b></td></tr>
3. <tr><td><Pot1:></td><td>%02</td></tr>
4. <tr><td><Pot2:></td><td>%03</td></tr>
5. <tr><td><Switch:></td><td>%04</td></tr>
...
%02
%03
%04
Class
Slide
163
Dynamic HTML Pages - Uses

z
Change web page content

- ...Serial Number=%01
Change graphics based on a variable

- img src=LED%02.gif
Change page link

- <a href=%02.htm>LinkName</a>
Class
Slide
164
HTTPGetVar
z
(BYTE var, WORD ref, BYTE *val)
Data transferred byte at a time

ref is used for multi-byte transfers
- First transfer with ref =

HTTP_START_OF_VAR
- return other than HTTP_END_OF_VAR to
indicate multi-byte transfer
- Finish data transfer by returning
HTTP_END_OF_VAR
Class
Slide
165
HTTPGetVar Example
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

1. if (var == 4) // Identify variable.
2. { // Return 1 if switch is open, else
0
3.
if ( RB5 ) *val = 1;
4.
else *val = 0;
5.
return HTTP_END_OF_VAR;
6. }
7. else
8. // Check for other variable...
...
Class
Slide
166
Multi-byte transfer
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

1. if (var == 1) // Identify var.
2. { // If this first call, init array index.
3.
if ( ref == HTTP_START_OF_VAR ) ref = 0;
4.
// Stuff current byte in buffer.
5.
*val = SerialNumberStr[(BYTE)ref];
6.
if ( *val ==\0 ) return HTTP_END_OF_VAR;
7.
return ++ref;
// Advance array index
8. }
9. else // Check for other variable...
...
Class
Slide
167
Lab #3
z
Goal: Use command execution via

browser and how to dynamically change
web pages
Exercise:
- Modify c:EthernetLABMainDemo.c
- Implement HTTPExecCmd() callback to
toggle LEDs D5, D6 when Toggle LED1 and
Toggle LED2 buttons are pressed
- Change status.cgi to display graphical LED
state led0.gif for OFF and led1.gif for ON
Class
Slide
168
HTML Forms
z
Interactive HTML pages

- Data is transferred from PC to PIC18
microcontroller
Form method GET only
Remote command invocation

- User application must implement the
command
Caution: Multiple users may execute same

command simultaneously
- Must protect critical data
Class
Slide
169
Form Example
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
P, %07
1. <FORM METHOD=GET
action=command.cgi>
2. <table>
3. <tr><td>Power Level:</td>
4. <td><input type=text size=2
maxlength=1 name=P value=%07></td></tr> ...
5. <tr><td><input type=submit name=B
value=Apply></td></tr> ...
B
Action by browser when Apply is clicked

10.10.5.110/command.cgi?P=5&L=1&H=255&B=Apply
Class
Slide
170
HTTPExecCmd
z
z
z
z
(BYTE **argv, BYTE argc)

argv[0] = Form Action Name
argv[1argc] = Parameter 1 to argc
argc = Number of parameters including
Form Action Name
command.cgi?P=5&L=1&H=255&B=Apply
- argv[0] = command.cgi, argv[1] = P,
argv[2]= 5 etc ; argc = 9
- argv[0] determines page to be uploaded
next
Class
Slide
171
HTTPExecCmd Example
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
(BYTE **argv, BYTE argc)

1. for ( i = 1; i < argc; i++ ) {
2.
if ( argv[i][0] == P ) // Power setpoint ?
3.
PowerVal = atoi(argv[++i]); // Save value
4. else if ( argv[i][0] == L ) // Low setting ?
5.
LowPowerSetting = atoi(argv[++i]); // Save
6. else if ( argv[i][0] == H ) // High setting ?
7.
HighPowerSetting = atoi(argv[++i]); // Save
}
}
// If required, another page may sent as a result
strcpy(argv[0], RESULTS.CGI); // Set result page
Class
Slide
172
Form Fields Limit

z
Allowable max. number of arguments

- FormAction?Arg1=Val1+Arg2=Val2
- See MAX_HTTP_ARGS & MAX_HTML_CMD_LEN
in http.c
Default
- MAX_HTTP_ARGS = 5 (Includes action)
- MAX_HTML_CMD_LEN = 80
If limit is exceeded,
- Extra arguments are ignored
Class
Slide
173
Lab #4
z
Goal: Learn about PC to PIC data transfer

using forms
Exercise:
- Implement code in HTTPExecCmd() to
accept User Name from Output Control and
save it to PIC microcontroller RAM
- Implement code in HTTPGetVar() to display
saved User Name in System Status page.
Class
Slide
174
Custom Application
Class
Slide
175
Lab #5
z
Create the Sensor

- Receives UDP packets that change
PORTD<5>
- Receives request for status (PORTD<5> and
AN0)
- Serves web page on local status
Presenters board
- Collects information from each sensor
- Serves web page displaying all sensors info
Class
Slide
176
Lab #5
z
z
z
z
Add source code to MainDemo.c, see

flow chart on next page
Compile project
Download into board
Run & wait for instructor
Class
Slide
177
UDP Process
UDPIsGetReady(..)
UDPPut(LATD5?1:0)
EXIT
YES
UDPPut(AN0String[x])
UDPGet(&UDPChar)
UDPDiscard()
UDPFlush(...)
NO
UDPIsPutReady()
EXIT
UDPChar == 0xAA
YES
YES
NO
YES
UDPChar == 0x55
LATD5 ^= 1;
NO
Class
Slide
178
Summary
z
z
z
z
Overview of Ethernet and Ethernet

controllers
Intro to the Microchip TCP/IP Stack
Using the Microchip File System
Using HTTP Servers to monitor, control
and download information
Designing Custom Applications
Class
Slide
179
References
z
z
AN833 The Microchip TCP/IP Stack

AN870 An SNMP Agent for the Microchip
TCP/IP Stack
DM163004 PICDEM.net Internet/Ethernet
Demonstration Board
DM300004-1/2 dsPICDEM.net 1/2
Connectivity Demonstration Board
ENC28J60 Ethernet PICTail
Class
Slide
180
MAC Functions
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
MACInit
MACIsTxReady
MACGetHeader
MACGet
MACGetArray
MACDiscardRx
MACPutHeader
MACPut
MACPutArray
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Class
MACFlush
MACDiscardTx
MACSetRxBuffer
MACSetTxBuffer
MACReserveTxBuffer
MACGetFreeRxSize
MACGetRxBuffer
MACGetTxBuffer
Slide
181
IP Functions
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
IPIsTxReady
IPSetTxBuffer
IPPutHeader
IPPutArray
IPGetHeader
IPGetArray
IPSetRxBuffer
Class
Slide
182
Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP)
z
Fully automatic method

- Node gets configured on power-up
- Automatic IP renewal
Needs at least one DHCP Server on

network
Configures
- IP, Gateway Address, Subnet Mask
Solves Embedded Systems Problem

- Discovery of IP Address
Class
Slide
183
Simple Network Management

Protocol (SNMP)
z
z
z
z
Manage network devices: server, printer etc.

Machine-to-machine protocol
Supports SNMPv1 over UDP
Protocol of choice for small embedded systems
Network
Devices
Manager
Class
Slide
184
Web Page Types

z
Page file extension defines how browser

displays/interprets the page
- Default support for txt, htm, gif, cgi,
jpg, cla, wav.
- If needed, modify httpFiles and
httpContents in http.c file
index.htm is the default web page

- Defined by HTTP_DEFAULT_FILE_STRING in
http.c file
Class
Slide
185
Web Page Design Guidance

z
Avoid using excessive files in a page

- More simultaneous connections
- More RAM usage
Hand-code the pages

- Or remove unnecessary tags generated by
visual web authoring tool
Try to shrink the graphics

- Use correct file formats
Auto refresh dynamic content only
Class
Slide
186
Q/A
.

TCP IP 2006 Corp Seminar

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

TCP IP 2006 Corp Seminar

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TCP/IP ENC28J60

April 26th, 2006

2006 Corporate Seminar : TCP/IP

TCP/IP Stack Overview

Microchip TCP/IP Stack & HTTP Server

Microchip TCP/IP Stack Overview

2006 Corporate Seminar : TCP/IP

2006 Corporate Seminar : TCP/IP

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

100 Mb/s 480 Mb/s 1 Gb

Ethernet is the most widely deployed network in

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

How does Ethernet work?

Carrier Sense Multiple Access w/Collision Detect

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

Ethernet Market Trends

Industrial and businesses are already wired

Ethernet is the de-facto standard for wired comms

Ethernet speeds will continue to increase

Installation costs high but installed base is massive

Wireless is in its infancy

VOIP allows speech over the internet

Voice Over Internet Protocol is the fastest growing area

Wireless VOIP is new but will be significant

Fire & Safety Panels

Where else would you find Ethernet installed?

Smart Card Reader

Zellweger Gas Detector

Power Over Ethernet

Powers devices connected to Ethernet

Zellweger Gas Detector

Smart Card Lock

Smart Card Reader

VoIP Phone Adapter

VoIP Phone Adapter

Standard wired phone

Standard wired phone

VoIP Phone Adapter

Worlds Smallest Ethernet Controller:

Minimizing board space, cost, complexity

Optimised for Embedded Solutions

ENC28J60 highly integrated

Microchip offers FREE TCP/IP Stack

On-chip 10Mbps MAC/PHY, 8Kb Buffer RAM, SPITM

Modular design, no license/royalty fees

ENC28J60: Ethernet Controller

Provides Remote Application Access

Serial Ethernet Controller

Vdd range =>3.14 to 3.45V

Temperature => 0C to 70C

ENC28J60 Block Diagram

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 External Connection

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 Register Map

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 External Connection

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 Transmit Packet Layout

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 Receive Packet Layout

2005 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

ENC28J60 SPI Instruction Set