B NNG NGHIP V PHT TRIN NNG THN

GIO TRNH MN HC

KIN THC CHUNG

V SN XUT MUI BIN
M S: MH 01
NGH: SN XUT MUI BIN
Trnh : S cp ngh

TUYN B BN QUYN:
Ti liu ny thuc loi sch gio trnh nn cc ngun thng tin c th c
php dng nguyn bn hoc trch dng cho cc mc ch v o to v tham
kho.
Mi mc ch khc mang tnh lch lc hoc s dng vi mc ch kinh
doanh thiu lnh mnh s b nghim cm.
M TI LIU: MH01

2
LI GII THIU
Qua kho st nhu cu o to thc t ti cc vng ven bin c sn xut
mui, chng ti c mt s kt lun nh sau:
Cng vic sn xut mui ca ngi sn xut mui ch yu da vo kinh
nghim tp qun t xa xa li. V vy, sn phm mui ch phc v sinh
hot trc tip ca i sng x hi, nhiu vn vng mc trong sn xut
khng t gii quyt c do thiu kin thc v k thut. Hin nay, nhu cu hc
tp mt kha o to ngn hn v sn xut mui cho ngi sn xut mui cc
vng ven bin c sn xut mui l rt thc t v thit thc vi iu kin thi
gian o to ngn, chi ph thp v thi im hc linh hot.
Vic vit ti liu, gio trnh p dng cho cc kho o to ngh trnh s
cp va da y ngh di 3 thng, trc ht l cc kho o to ngh phc v cho
n o to ngh cho lao ng nng thn n nm 2020 ang l vn cp
bch c Nh nc u tin.
Nhn thc r vn trn, trng TH nghip v qun l LTTP quyt nh
t chc xy dng chng trnh o to ngh Sn xut mui bin nhm p
ng yu cu thc t ti c s sn xut mui v nhu cu ca ngi sn xut
mui ti cc vng ven bin.
Chong trnh o to ngh Sn xut mui bin c xy dng theo mu
quy nh ti Ph lc 9 ca Thng t 31/2010/TT-BLTBXH. xy dng
theo ng mu quy nh chng ti mi chuyn gia v tham gia hi tho phn
tch ngh/vic lm (Hi tho DACUM). Chng trnh c s gp ca cc
chuyn gia v lnh vc ch cht-kt tinh mui trong v ngoi trng.
Chong trnh o to ngh Sn xut mui bin bao gm mn hc Kin
thc chung v sn xut mui bin, m un Sn xut mui phi ct v m un
Sn xut mui phi nc. Trong , mn hc Kin thc chung v sn xut
mui bin trang b kin thc chung v sn xut mui bin trnh s cp
ngh cho ngi hc. hon thnh c nhim v , mn hc Kin thc
chung v sn xut mui bin bao gm 4 chng:
Chng 1: Cc phng php sn xut mui bin
Chng 2: Cc yu t kh tng c nh hng ln n sn xut mui bin
Chng 3: Thu triu v vic ly nc triu sn xut mui bin
Chng 4: An ton lao ng, bo v mi trng trong sn xut mui bin
Ban bin son xin chn thnh cm n cc chuyn gia, cn b qun l, cng
nhn lnh ngh ng gp nhng kin thng thn, khoa hc v trch nhim
gio trnh m un Sn xut mui phi nc thc s c ch cho cho ngi
hc v bn c.
Tham gia bin son, ch bin: V Vn Pht

3
MC LC
MC

TRANG

LI GII THIU...................................................................................... 2
MC LC .................................................................................................. 3
Chng 1: Cc phng php sn xut mui bin ....................................... 6
1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi mt bng ...................... 7
1.1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct .................................. 7
1.2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc ............................. 13
2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi cng bc .................. 16
2.1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c ni h ....................... 17
2.2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi chn khng ............. 17
Chng 2: Cc yu t kh tng c nh hng ln n sn xut mui bin
........................................................................................................................... 19
1. Bc x mt tri ...................................................................................... 19
1.1. Cng bc x mt tri, hng s mt tri ....................................... 21
1.2. S suy yu ca bc x mt tri trong kh quyn ................................ 21
1.3. Cc dng bc x mt tri .................................................................... 22
1.3.1. Bc x mt tri trc tip (S) .......................................................... 23
1.3.2. Bc x khuych tn (D) ................................................................... 24
1.3.3. Tng x (Q) ..................................................................................... 24
1.3.4. Phn x (Rn) ..................................................................................... 25
1.3.5. Bc x sng di ca mt t v kh quyn ...................................... 25
1.3.6. Cn bng bc x ca mt t (B) .................................................... 26
1.4. nh hng ca bc x mt tri n ch nhit ca t, khng kh 27
1.4.1. nh hng ca bc x mt tri n ch nhit ca t ............... 27
1.4.2. nh hng ca bc x mt tri n ch nhit ca khng kh.... 28
2. Hi nc trong kh quyn v hin tng ging thu (ma).................. 30
2.1. Ngun gc v s phn b hi nc trong kh quyn ......................... 30
2.2. Din bin hng ngy, hng nm ca lng bay hi ........................... 31
2.3. nh hng ca lng bay hi n sn xut mui bin ...................... 33
2.4. Hin tng ging thu ........................................................................ 33
2.4.1. iu kin ngng kt ca hi nc trong kh quyn ........................ 33

4
2.4.2. Mc ging thu ........................................................................... 34
Chng 3: Thu triu v vic ly nc triu sn xut mui bin ........ 37
1. Hin tng thu triu............................................................................. 37
2. Ch thu triu (Ch triu) ............................................................ 39
2.1. Bn nht triu...................................................................................... 40
2.2. Nht triu ............................................................................................ 40
3. Bng thu triu ...................................................................................... 40
4. Vic ly nc triu sn xut mui bin ............................................ 40
Chng 4: An ton lao ng, bo v mi trng trong sn xut mui
bin .................................................................................................................... 44
1. An ton lao ng trong sn xut mui bin........................................... 44
1.1. Trang b bo h lao ng trong sn xut mui bin ........................... 44
1.2. Nhng nguy c mt an ton lao ng trong sn xut mui bin ....... 47
2. Bo v mi trng trong sn xut mui bin ........................................ 48
2.1. Cht thi trong sn xut mui bin ..................................................... 48
2.2. X l cht thi ca sn xut mui bin .............................................. 48
HNG DN GING DY MN HC ............................................... 50
VI. Ti liu tham kho ............................................................................... 54
DANH SCH BAN CH NHIM XY DNG CHNG TRNH,
BIN SON GIO TRNH DY NGH TRNH S CP ..................... 56
DANH SCH HI NG NGHIM THU ............................................. 56
CHNG TRNH, GIO TRNH DY NGH TRNH S CP .. 56

5
CC THUT NG CHUYN MN, CH VIT TT
vit

STT

c hiu l

1.

2.

Nc cht

3.

Mui tp cht Cc loi mui c trong nc bin, nc cht, nc t m

khng phi l NaCl

4.

Hm m

Thnh phn nc (H2O)

5.

Cht lc

Danh t, thit b dng lc ct mn thu nc cht

6.

Lc cht

ng t, lc ct mn thu nc cht

7.

Khu vc kt tinh mui

8.

Cng bc x mt tri

9.

Io

B m
c c c t nc bin, hm lng NaCl trn 50%
tng mui

Hng s mt tri

10. S

Bc x mt tri trc tip

11. D

Bc x khuych tn

12. Q

Tng x

13. Rn

Phn x

14. E

Bc x sng di ca mt t

15. Eng

Bc x nghch ca kh quyn

16. Ehh

Bc x hu hiu

17. t

Bin nhit

18. Ging thu

Ma

19.

m ring

20. Nht triu

Ch thy triu ln xung mt ln trong ngy

21. Bn nht triu Ch thy triu ln xung hai ln trong ngy

6
MN HC
KIN THC CHUNG V SN XUT MUI BIN
M mn hc: MH 01
Gii thiu mn hc:
- Khi hc xong mn hc Kin thc chung v sn xut mui bin, ngi
hc s:
- K li c cc phng php sn xut mui bin
- K li c cc hin tng kh tng xy ra trong t nhin c nh hng
trc tip n qu trnh sn xut mui bin
- K li c cc hin tng thu triu ven b xy ra trong t nhin c
nh hng trc tip n qu trnh sn xut mui bin
- Xc nh c khong thi gian c th ly nc triu sn xut mui
- Nhn bit c nh hng ca cc trang thit b an ton lao ng trong
lao ng sn xut mui bin
- Ch ra c nh hng xu c th xy ra ca sn xut mui n mi
trng
- Tun th quy nh rn luyn tc phong khoa hc, thn trng, t m,
chnh xc
- hc tt mn hc Kin thc chung v sn xut mui bin ngi hc
cn gn kt phn l thuyt c nghin cu vi vic thc hnh ti cc trm
quan trc.
- Vic nh gi kt qu hc tp ca m un cn c vo 70% kt qu thc
hnh ti cc trm quan trc.
Chng 1: Cc phng php sn xut mui bin
Mc tiu:
- K li c cc phng php sn xut mui bin
- Pht biu c cc tiu ch nhn bit phng php sn xut mui bin
A. Ni dung:
sn xut c mui n (NaCl) t nc bin, phi lm bay hi mt
lng ln nc ngt.
Nu cn c vo tc nhn lm bay hi nc ngt, c th chia thnh:
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi nc ngt t nhin (cn
gi l Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi mt bng).
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi nc ngt cng bc.

7
1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi mt bng
tn km chi ph v nng lng lm bay hi lng nc ngt khi sn
xut mui n t nc bin, ngi ta tn dng cc iu kin bay hi nc ngt
ca t nhin: Nng lng ca bc x mt tri, cc yu t kh tng.
Sn xut mui n t nc bin bng cch tn dng cc iu kin bay hi
nc ngt ca t nhin c gi chung l sn xut mui bin bng phng
php bay hi mt bng v khi sn xut mui bin bng phng php tn dng
cc iu kin bay hi nc ngt ca t nhin c s dng mt din tch mt t
tng i ln.
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi mt bng bao gm:
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc
1.1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct
Vic phi lm bay hi mt lng ln nc ngt bng cch tn dng cc
iu kin bay hi nc ngt ca t nhin yu cu phi c mt din tch bay hi
nc ngt ln v cc iu kin bay hi nc ngt ca t nhin n nh trong
thi gian di. Trong thc t iu kin t nhin ca nhiu vng khng c c
iu kin bay hi nc ngt ca t nhin n nh trong thi gian di, sn
xut c mui bin ngi ta ch cn cch tng din tch bay hi nc ngt.
Khi , trong mt thi gian ngn (1 ngy) lng nc ngt c th bay hi c
ng k i vi sn xut c mui bin.
Tng din tch bay hi nc ngt sn xut mui bin m ch n thun
m rng din tch sn xut th cc iu kin khc ca x hi s khng cho php,
v li khi gi thnh ca mui s rt cao.
Khi cc iu kin v s bay hi nc ngt l nh nhau th lng nc
ngt bay hi ph thuc vo din tch mt thong (din tch bay hi). Ct c
din tch ring ln, li dng c tnh ny ca ct ngi ta s dng ct lm
tng din tch mt thong ca nc bin c lng nc ngt bay hi ln khi
sn xut mui n t nc bin.
V vy, trong sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct th ct c
gi l cht mi gii cho s bay hi.
ly nc bin sn xut mui, cc ng mui phi ct thng tn dng
chiu cao thy triu ly nc t lu qua cng nghnh (cng n nc thy
triu).
Khi nc bin b bay hi nc ngt thng qua ct phi (qu trnh c
thc hin trn rung hay cn gi l sn phi ct), nc bin tng dn nng ,
n khi nng ca nc bin trong lp ct phi t trng thi bo ha ri qu

trung nc

Rnh tp

bo ha i vi NaCl th mui n c tch ra di dng rn v bm vo ht

ct (ngi ta gi qu trnh ny l qu trnh mui kt t vo ct phi).

Cht lc ct mn

Hnh 1.1: Rung phi ct

S dng nc bin ha tan mui kt t vo ct phi s thu c
nc c hm lng mui n cao hn nhiu so vi nc bin (gi l qu trnh
lc cht, qu trnh lc cht c thc hin trong cht lc, nc thu c c
hm lng mui n cao gi l nc ci).

Hnh 1.2: cht lc ct mn

Phi nc ci trn bng phng v c thm khng ng k (gi l
kt tinh mui hay cn gi l n), nc ci s tng dn nng , n khi nng
ca nc ci t trng thi bo ha ri qu bo ha th mui n c tch ra
di dng rn. u tin l nhng mm tinh th mui n c hnh thnh t

9
nc ci qu bo ha ri nhng mm tinh th mui n ln dn do qu trnh
phi vn tip tc nn tinh th mui c hnh thnh t nhng mm tinh th
mui n ln dn n trng thnh.

Hnh 1.3: Phi nc ci trn kt tinh mui hay cn gi l n

Nh vy, c im nhn dng ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng
phng php phi ct l: Sn phi ct, ct phi, cht lc, ...
Qu trnh kt tinh khi sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct ch
din ra trong vng mt ngy (bui sng a nc ci ln phi ti kt tinh,
chiu ti thu mui).
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct thng to ra sn phm
mui bin c hm lng NaCl khong 80% v khi lng.
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct ti nc ta c sn lng v
cht lng sn phm mui bin thp (ch s dng cho cc yu cu ca i sng
sinh hot).
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi ct thng to ra sn phm
mui bin gi c hu nh ton b cc cht, hp cht vi lng c trong thnh
phn nc bin ban u.

10
N V SN XUT MUI
BNG PHNG PHP PHI CT
SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

SN
KT
TINH

B
X L
CHT

RUNG PHI CT

Rnh tp trung nc cht

Ct d tr

B
CHA
CHT

Cht lc ct mn.

Ct lun phin

Hnh 1.4: n v sn xut mui phi ct

12

Hnh 1.5: ng mui phi ct

13
1.2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc
Trong thc t c nhiu vng iu kin bay hi nc ngt ca t nhin
thun li v n nh trong thi gian di, nhng vng ny sn xut mui
bin ngi ta ch vic a nc bin vo phi cc rung c x l v
thm nc ca nn rung.
Qu trnh phi nc bin ti rung s lm nc bin tng dn nng
(hm lng NaCl tng dn).
Nc bin dn t trng thi bo ha ri qu bo ha th mui n c
tch ra di dng rn. u tin l nhng mm tinh th mui n c hnh thnh
t nc cht qu bo ha ri nhng mm tinh th mui n ln dn do qu trnh
phi vn tip tc nn tinh th mui c hnh thnh t nhng mm tinh th
mui n ln dn n trng thnh. Nhiu tinh th mui c hnh thnh s
to nn lp mui, dy ca lp mui ph thuc vo thi gian kt tinh mui
di hay ngn (chu k kt tinh mui di hay ngn).

NC
BIN

CNG NGHNH,
TRM BM

KHU KT TINH MUI

CNG ON II

NC
T

SN PHM NaCl
LOI II

H
CHA

KHU KT TINH MUI

CNG ON 1

SN PHM NaCl
LOI I

KHU
BAY HI

KHU KT TINH
THCH CAO

SN PHM
CaSO4.2H2O

Hnh 1.6: M hnh chung ca ng mui phi nc

14

Hnh 1.7: ng mui phi nc

ly nc bin vo ng mui, cc ng mui phi nc thng tn
dng chiu cao thy triu ly nc t lu qua cng nghnh (cng n nc
thy triu), trng hp nc t lu qua cng nghnh thiu s c b sung
bng ngun nc ng lc (s dng bm).

Hnh 1.8: Cng, trm bm ly nc bin phc v sn xut mui

Quy trnh sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc:
Ti h cha, trong khi ch i i vo dy chuyn sn xut chnh,
nc bin cng bay hi nc ngt tng nng .

15
Nc bin h cha c cung cp dn dn cho cc bc 1 ca khu bay
hi. Ti khu bay hi nc bin (dn dn tr thnh nc cht) c lun chuyn
dn t cc bc 1 n cc bc cui cng, trong qu trnh lun chuyn nc
cht lin tc bay hi nc ngt tng nng , ra khi khu bay hi nc cht
t 14oB.
Nc cht ra khi khu bay hi c a vo cc bc 1 ca khu kt tinh
thch cao.
Ti khu kt tinh thch cao nc cht c lun chuyn dn t cc bc 1
n cc bc cui cng, trong qu trnh lun chuyn nc cht lin tc bay
hi nc ngt tip tc tng nng v kt tinh thch cao (CaSO 4.2H2O), ra
khi khu kt tinh thch cao nc cht t 25oB.
Nc cht ra khi khu kt tinh thch cao c a vo cc cng on 1
ca khu kt tinh mui.
Ti cc cng on 1 ca khu kt tinh mui nc cht tip tc bay hi nc
ngt tng nng v kt tinh mui NaCl, sn phm NaCl ca cng on 1 l
sn phm c cht lng cao nht (sn phm loi 1).
Khi nc cht cng on 1 t nng quy nh th c chuyn sang
cng on tip theo (cng on 2).
Ti cng on tip theo (cng on 2) ca khu kt tinh mui, nc cht
tip tc bay hi nc ngt tng nng v kt tinh mui NaCl, sn phm
NaCl ca cng on 2 l sn phm c cht lng thp hn sn phm NaCl ca
cng on 1 (cng on trc).
Ti cng on cui cng ca khu kt tinh mui nc cht tip tc bay hi
nc ngt tng nng v kt tinh mui NaCl, sn phm NaCl ca cng
on cui cng ca khu kt tinh mui l sn phm c cht lng thp nht.
Khi dch lng (nc t) cng on cui cng t nng quy nh th
c chuyn sang khu vc tp trung nc t.
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc c th to ra nhiu sn
phm mui bin c hm lng NaCl khc nhau bng cch phn on kt tinh.
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php phi nc c kh nng cho sn
lng ln v cht lng sn phm mui bin cao (tha mn yu cu v cht
lng mui ca sn xut cng nghip).
Bng 1.1. Xc nh phm cp ca sn phm

16
Nng u
(oB)
25
25
25
25
25
25
26.25
26.25
26.25
26.25
26.25
27
27
27
27
28.5
28.5
28.5
30.2
30.2
32.4

Nng cui
(oB)
26.25
27
28.5
30.2
32.4
35
27
28.5
30.2
32.4
35
28.5
30.2
32.4
35
30.2
32.4
35
32.4
35
35

NaCl tch ra Tp cht tch ra Sn phm t

(gam)
(gam)
%
3.26
0.06
98.2
12.91
0.26
98.0
20.81
0.47
97.8
23.43
0.56
97.7
25.70
0.66
97.5
27.10
1.29
95.5
9.65
0.20
98.0
17.55
0.41
97.7
20.17
0.50
97.6
22.44
0.60
97.4
23.84
1.23
95.1
7.90
0.21
97.4
10.52
0.30
97.2
12.79
0.40
97.0
14.19
1.03
93.2
2.62
0.09
96.7
4.89
0.19
96.3
6.29
0.82
88.5
2.27
0.10
95.8
3.67
0.73
83.4
1.40
0.63
69.0

(Sn phm bi nn ti mu l sn phm khng cht lng phc v cc

ngnh cng nghip)
Hin ti, trong sn xut mui phi nc nc ta ngi ta it chia lm
nhiu giai on v vic chuyn nc, bo qun sn phm phc tp.
Nh vy, c im nhn dng ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng
phng php phi nc l: Rung phi nc, cng phai v mng chuyn
nc.
2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi cng bc
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi cng bc ngha l s
dng ngun nng lng nhn to lm bay hi nc ngt kt tinh mui. Thc
t Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi cng bc cng ch cng
bc bay hi nc ngt trong giai on kt tinh mui. Ngha l: nc cht gn
bo ha hoc bo ha mui NaCl c a vo thit b c c kt tinh mui.
Thit b c c kt tinh mui c nhiu loi, nu cn c vo ch tiu thit
b c c lm vic p sut no th sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay
hi cng bc c chia ra:
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c ni h nu thit b c c
lm vic p sut thng.

17
- Sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c chn khng nu thit b c
c lm vic p sut m (p sut lm vic ca thit b nh hn p sut
thng).
2.1. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c ni h
Theo phng php sn xut ny nc cht gn bo ha hoc bo ha mui
NaCl c a vo thit b c c (cn gi l ni nu mui, ni nu mui
nc ta thng c g bng tn), ngun nng lng cung cp cho thit b c
c ny lm bay hi nc ngt nc ta thng l than.
Qu trnh c c kt tinh mui mi m thng din ra trong nhiu gi ty
theo lng nc cht m ni cha c nhiu hay t. Trong mi m mui kt
tinh c ly ra dn dn ty theo tc kt tinh mui, mi m kt thc khi
nng ca dung dch c c c t n gi tr quy nh.
Sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c ni h c th to c nhiu
loi sn phm mui c phm cp (cht lng sn phm) khc nhau ty thuc
nc cht nguyn liu c x l (tch tp cht) mc no v khi vt mui
sn phm ra th gi tr nng ca dch lng trong ni c gi tr l bao nhiu
(nng ca dch lng trong ni c gi tr cng nh th phm cp ca sn phm
mui cng cao).
- u im ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng phng php c c
ni h:
+ To c nhiu loi sn phm mui c phm cp khc nhau
+ Ch ng trong sn xut
+ Gii quyt c lng mui km cht lng (mui chn ng, mui vt
kho)
+ Khng yu cu k thut cao
- Nhc im ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng phng php c
c ni h:
+ Tn nng lng nhn to
+ Gi thnh sn phm cao
+ Sn lng thp
+ t nhiu c nh hng khng tt i vi mi trng (t than nhiu)
2.2. Sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay hi chn khng
Theo phng php sn xut ny nc cht gn bo ha hoc bo ha mui
NaCl c a vo thit b c c (cn gi l ni nu mui), ngun nng lng
cung cp cho thit b c c ny lm bay hi nc ngt l hi nc bo ha.
Qu trnh c c kt tinh mui c th din ra lin tc hoc gin on.

18
Qu trnh c c kt tinh mui c th thc hin bng mt ni hoc h
thng c c nhiu ni.
Hi n-c

N-c cht
Thot kh
Hi n-c nguyn
( hi t )

Hi t

N-c ng-ng t

Mui t-ng

Hnh 1.9: Dng ni nu mui chn khng

Nc ngng

Hnh 1.10: Dng ni nu mui chn khng

- u im ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng phng php bay
hi chn khng:
+ To c nhiu loi sn phm mui c phm cp khc nhau
+ Ch ng trong sn xut
+ Gii quyt c lng mui km cht lng
- Nhc im ca phng php sn xut mui bin bng phng php c
c ni h:
+ Yu cu k thut cao
+ Tn nng lng nhn to

19
+ Gi thnh sn phm cao
+ Sn lng thp
B. Cu hi v bi tp thc hnh
- Cu hi kim tra:
1. Sn xut mui bin bng
phng php bay hi mt bng
ngha l phi nc bin kt
tinh mui?

ng

2. Sn xut mui bin bng

phng php bay hi mt bng
ngha l sn xut mui bin bng
phng php phi ct?

Gn ng

3. Sn xut mui bin bng

phng php bay hi cng bc
ch sn xut c mt loi sn
phm mui?

Gn ng

4. Sn xut mui bin bng

phng php bay hi cng bc
s ch ng c qu trnh sn
xut?

Gn ng

Khng ng
Gn ng

Khng ng
ng

Khng ng
ng

Khng ng
ng

C. Ghi nh:
- C nhiu phng php sn xut mui t nc bin.
- Sn phm mui phi ct c thnh phn NaCl khng cao.
Chng 2: Cc yu t kh tng c nh hng ln n sn xut mui bin
Mc tiu:
- Ch ra c nh hng ca cc yu t thi tit c th n sn xut mui
- o c yu t thi tit c bn
- Tun th quy nh rn luyn tc phong khoa hc, thn trng, t m,
chnh xc
A. Ni dung:
1. Bc x mt tri
Mt tri l mt qu cu la khng l c ng knh khong 1.392.000 km,
th tch 1,41.1018 km3. Cu to ch yu gm hyr, heli v xy trng thi