Worksheet 1

Physical properties of group 1 elements

5. Complete the table below.

1. Copy the table below into your book and complete it (parts have been done
for you already).
Element

Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium

Symbol

Atomic
number

Cs

55

Density
(g/cm3)

0.53
0.97
0.86
1.53
1.88

Meltin
g point
(C)

181
98
63
?
29

Boiling
point (C)

1342
883
760
?
669

State at
25C

Lithium

Sodium

Potassium

Floats or sinks on water

Colour of flame
solid

2. Water has a density of 1g/cm3. If an object has a density greater than this, it will
sink.
(a) Which group 1 elements will float on water, and which will sink?
.
(b) What can you say, in general, about the densities of the group 1 metals?
.
(c) Give 3 properties which are common to only alkali metals.

..
(d) Using your knowledge of group 1 ,predict the boiling point and melting point of
rubidium.
...............
3. The electron arrangement of rubidium is 2.8.8.18.1
The electron arrangement of caesium is 2.8.8.18.18.1
Write down the electron arrangements of:
lithium,.
sodium and
potassium..
4. (a) What do the five electron arrangements in question 3 have in common?
.
(b) What do you notice about the distance of the outermost electron from the
nucleus as you go down group 1?
..
(c) Explain why the reactivity of group 1 metal increase down the group?

.
Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Tomic structure /2013

Observation
How stored
Colour
Shiny or dull when cut

6. Underline the correct words in each bold pair or trio in the following
sentences:
Lithium, sodium and potassium are very easy / difficult to cut with a scalpel.
Lithium / potassium sets on fire easily when it reacts with water.
When these metals react with water, they make a gas called oxygen / hydrogen /
carbon dioxide.
We test for this gas using a lighted / glowing splint which relights / pops.
At the end of experiment, the universal indicator in the water is red / green /
purple.
When these metals react with water, they make acidic / alkaline / neutral
solutions.
7. When lithium reacts with water, it makes lithium hydroxide and hydrogen.
(a) Sodium reacts vigorously with water. Write the chemical equation for this
reaction.
.....
(b) Potassium also reacts with water in a similar way. Write three observations
you would make as potassium reacts with water.

(c) Describe a chemical test for hydrogen gas.

.
(d) State whatyou would observe when litmus paper is added to the solution
remaining after the reaction between sodium and water.
..

Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Atomic structure /2013

Atomic
number
9
17
35
53
85

Work sheet-halogens

Work sheet-halogens

The properties of the Group 7 Halogen elements

The properties of the Group 7 Halogen elements

Symbol
Element
Fluorine

Astatine

F
Cl
Br
I
At

state, colour at room

temperature
pale yellow gas

Atomic
number
9
17
35
53

black solid

85

Symbol
Element
Fluorine

Astatine

F
Cl
Br
I
At

state, colour at room

temperature
pale yellow gas

black solid

1. (a) Complete the table above.

(b) What is the colour trend down the group?
(c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating
(i)
bromine
(ii)
iodine

1. (a) Complete the table above.

(b) What is the colour trend down the group?
(c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating
(iii)
bromine
(iv)
iodine

2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with
increase in atomic number?

2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with
increase in atomic number?

(b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with
increase in atomic number?
3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean?

(b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with
increase in atomic number?
3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean?

4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine.
Explain why it has that particular charge?
5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure.

4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine.
Explain why it has that particular charge?
5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure.

6. Write one use for each of the following.

Fluorine:
Chlorine:
Bromine
Iodine

6. Write one use for each of the following.

Fluorine:
Chlorine:
Bromine
Iodine

Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Tomic structure /2013

Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Atomic structure /2013