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Presented By
Virendra Lahoriya
0125CS13MT16
Contents
Introduction to Sensor[4]
Sensor - A device which detects or measures a physical
property, records & converts it into a signal which can be
read out by an observer.
Modern sensors are tiny electromechanical devices.
Modern MEMS (Micro Electronics Mechanical System).
Low- cost, low-power, multi-functional & bi-directional.
Sensor sense - light, motion, temperature, magnetic
fields, gravity, humidity, moisture, vibration, pressure,
electrical fields, sound, radiation & other physical aspects
of the external environment.
Sensor selection criteria accuracy, environmental
condition, range, resolution, repeatability & cost.
3
BS
Sensor node
User
Sensor ADC
Processing Unit
Processor
Storage
Mobilizer
Transmission Unit
Radio
Transceiver
LEACH
SEP
ESEP
TEEN
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where,
= Threshold
Advantages of LEACH
10
=
1 +
. 1 +
=
1 +
Advantage of SEP:
In SEP strategy, sensor nodes do not need any
global knowledge of energy at each selection
round.
Limitations of SEP:
The limitation of SEP strategy is that the
cluster head selection among sensor nodes is not
dynamic, which results that the sensor nodes
that are far away from the powerful nodes will
die first.
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Advantages of TEEN:
TEEN is well suited for time critical applications.
It is quite efficient in terms of energy consumption &
response time.
Soft threshold can be varied, depending on sensed data
value & application. A smaller soft threshold value gives a
more accurate result of the sensor network.
Limitations of TEEN:
If the threshold values are not reached, the nodes will
never communicate. The user will not get any data from
network & it will not come to know even if all nodes die.
Cluster heads always wait for data packets from their node
s by keeping its transmitter on.
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Problem Statement
Formation of Cluster
Cluster Member
Cluster Head
Base
Station
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where,
= range of competition radius in the network for cluster
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23
=
1 + . + .
(1 + )
=
1 + . + .
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Implementation Methodology
Hardware:
Intel Core 2 duo processor
2 GB RAM
Software:
Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bit (Operating System)
MATLAB 2012a 32-bit (Unix version)
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Result
Santosh Ahirwar, MTech (Digital Communication) Radharaman Institute of Technology & Science, Bhopal
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Santosh Ahirwar, MTech (Digital Communication) Radharaman Institute of Technology & Science, Bhopal
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References
[1] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, "A Survey
on Sensor Network", IEEE Communication Magazine 40, 8 (August
2004), pp. 102-114.
[2] Ningbo Wang, Hao Zhu, An Energy Efficient Algorithm Based on
LEACH Protocol, International Conference on Computer Science a
nd Electronics Engineering (ICCSEE), 2012, pp. 339-342.
[3] Islam, M M, Matin, M A, Mondol, T K, Extended Stable Election
Protocol (SEP) for three-level hierarchical clustered heterogeneous W
SN, IET Conference on Wireless Sensor Systems (WSS 2012), pp. 1-4.
[4]
Kashaf, A, Javaid, N., Khan, Z.A, Khan, I.A., TSEP: Threshold-Sens
itive Stable Election Protocol for WSNs, 10th International Conference o
n Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT), 2012, pp. 164 - 168.
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Questions ???
and
THANK YOU !!
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