You are on page 1of 17

3/2/15

GLUCOSE CATABOLISM

GLYCOLYSIS
Lecture 002

Learning outcomes

Menguraikan jalur
2. Katabolisme glukosa
katabolisme glukosa
dan regulasinya
Menjelaskan
metabolisme heksosa
selain glukosa
Menjelaskan tahaptahap reaksi jalur
pentosa fosfat

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

2.1 Pendahuluan
glikolisis
2.2 Reaksi-reaksi jalur
glikolisis
2.3 Metabolisme
anerobik piruvat
2.4 Pengaturan jalur
glikolisis
2.5 Metabolisme
heksosa lainnya
2.6 Jalur pentosa fosfat

3/2/15

Overview of
metabolism

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

Major pathways of glucose ulizaon

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

3/2/15

Two phases of glycolysis

Preparatory or
investment

Pay-off or
generation

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

3/2/15

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

Phosphorylaon of glucose

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

3/2/15

Conversion of Glucose 6-Phosphate to Fructose 6-Phosphate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

The phosphohexose
isomerase reacon
glucose

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

10

3/2/15

Phosphorylaon of Fructose 6-Phosphate to Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

11

Cleavage of Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

12

3/2/15

The class I aldolase reaction


(animal and plant)
catalyze reactions that proceed through
neutral Schiff base or enol intermediates

The class II aldolases reaction (in bacterial)


use a metal ion to stabilize the negative charge
on an enolate intermediate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

13

Interconversion of the Triose Phosphates

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

14

3/2/15

Oxidaon of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate to 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

16

The glyceraldehyde 3phosphate dehydrogenase


reaction.

3/2/15

3/2/15

Phosphoryl Transfer from 1,3Bisphosphoglycerate to ADP

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

17

Conversion of 3-Phosphoglycerate to 2-Phosphoglycerate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

18

3/2/15

The phosphoglycerate
mutase reaction

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

19

Dehydraon of 2-Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

20

10

3/2/15

Transfer of the Phosphoryl Group


from Phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

21

Glycolysis overall reaction

Note:
the NADH formed in the process must be
continually reoxidized to keep the pathway
supplied with its primary oxidizing agent,
NAD+ .

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

22

11

3/2/15

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

23

Metabolic fate of NADH and pyruvate


3 NADH is energy - two possible fates:
3 If O2 is available, NADH is re-oxidized in
the electron transport pathway,
making ATP in oxidative phosphorylation
3 In anaerobic conditions, NADH is reoxidized by lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH), providing additional NAD+ for
more glycolysis

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

3 Pyruvate is also energy -

two possible fates:

3 aerobic: citric acid cycle


3 anaerobic: LDH makes

lactate

24

12

3/2/15

Under aerobic condions

the pyruvate is completely oxidized via the citric acid cycle to CO2
and H2O.

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

25

Under anaerobic condions


pyruvate must be converted to a reduced end product in
order to reoxidize the NADH produced by the GAPDH
reaction, there are two ways:

3 homolactic fermentation
3 alcoholic fermentation

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

26

13

3/2/15

Homolacc Fermentaon Converts Pyruvate to Lactate

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

27

Alcoholic Fermentaon Converts Pyruvate to Ethanol and CO2

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

28

14

3/2/15

Cellular glycolysis
regulaon

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

29

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

30

15

3/2/15

A comparison of G for the reacons of glycolysis

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

31

Metabolism of hexoses
other than glucose

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

32

16

3/2/15

The pentose phosphate


pathway

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

33

Group discussion
1. Describe how fructose, galactose, and mannose enter
the glycolytic pathway

2. Summarize the reaction of each stage of the pentose


phosphate pathway

3/2/15

Dr. rer.nat. Syafrizayanti

34

17

You might also like