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Design of surveillance and safety system for underground coal mines

based on low power WSN
Abstract:
According to the characteristics of coal mine environment, in this paper we propose a multiparameter wireless sensor network monitoring system based on Zigbee technology for coal
mine tunnel. The systems can real-time monitor the underground environment and production
parameters and intelligently give early warning by using a variety of sensors and wireless sensor
network. It is flexible to add sensors and enhance stability of monitoring computer software
through RS-232 communication protocol and hardware modular. Experiments have proved
feasibility and good stability of the system.
Coal mine prevents any hazardous situation of the laborers working inside coal mine based on
Zigbee technology. It keeps monitoring the temperature, humidity and gas values to the
concerned department which will be monitoring the environmental status.
Here microcontroller is used and controlling unit which will be monitoring the sensors and
wirelessly transmitting to the system side.

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INTRODUCTION
In this paper we design a multi-parameter monitoring system for coal mine combining the
ZigBee wireless sensor network technology with RS485 communication technology. Monitor
nodes can easily be added or removed in the system, it is also convenient to expand the
network. As an expansion of existing coal mine wired security systems it can enhance the
flexibility of information collecting, while reducing the cost of building safety system
communication network in coal mining. So it improves the applied value of coal mine safety
monitoring and practical value of coal mine safety monitoring and control information system.
Now most coal mine safety monitoring systems use cables and fixed sensor networks, but with
the mining face moving, monitoring blind spot will appear. Coal mine safety monitoring system
based on wireless sensor network can timely and accurately reflect dynamic situation of staff in
the underground regions to ground computer system. So that managers can keep the
distribution of underground staff and the trajectory of each miner, in order to schedule and
manage them reasonably

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Innovative Thoughts

Working principle
The mine multi-parameter monitoring system designed in this paper can real-time monitor
underground gas, temperature, humidity and other signals. And it automatically sends warning
signals to ground main control room and completes corresponding control. Data processing
flow of the system is as follows: At first, sensor nodes carried by miners real-time collect signals
such as underground gas, wind speed, temperature, humidity, etc.. Data collected by sensor
nodes is sent to central node in multi-hop routing manner through a number of routing nodes
placed in the tub, tunnel and operating levels, and then it is packaged by the central node to be
sent to monitoring center. Then after control center server receives the data, it saves data in
corresponding database tables according to data types. Atlast, clients query and analysis of
relevant data from database, and display to users.
Wireless communication module: Select Zigbee wireless transceiver CC2420, the chip's
sensitivity index is superior to standards of 802.15.4, this ensures effectiveness and reliability
for short-distance communication, and the chip can be used to build a wireless network
containing 65535 nodes to rapidly achieve a multi-point to multi-point network.
MCU: MCU plays a central role in the whole node hardware, ATMEL's 8-bit VAR chip
ATmega128 is used in the system. As the size of Zigbee protocol stack is only a quarter of
#2943/E, 2nd floor, Maruthi complex, Opp. Maruthimandir, Service road, Vijayanagar, Bangalore
560040 Ph: 080 23110775/41270775, E-mail: syslog_tech@yahoo.com, URL: www.syslog.co.in

Syslog Technologies
Innovative Thoughts

Bluetooth, the demand for hardware resources is very low, that 8-bit microprocessor can meet
the requirements. ATmega128 is a low-power component and can enter sleep mode when no
data acquisition, it is suitable for mobile sensor nodes which can only be powered by battery.
Sensors: It is not necessary for each single node accuracy in the wireless sensor network to be
very high, the system monitors multiple underground parameters by gas sensor MC112,
temperature sensor LM35 , humidity sensor HM1 and so on.

APPLICATION:

Can be installed at coal mines

This project can be modified to suit other mines such as gold, copper and iron

DISADVANTAGES:

Initially Expensive

ADVANTAGES:

Ensures the safety of the miners

Provides information about the mines to take necessary steps to avert a mishap

#2943/E, 2nd floor, Maruthi complex, Opp. Maruthimandir, Service road, Vijayanagar, Bangalore
560040 Ph: 080 23110775/41270775, E-mail: syslog_tech@yahoo.com, URL: www.syslog.co.in

Syslog Technologies
Innovative Thoughts

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

#2943/E, 2nd floor, Maruthi complex, Opp. Maruthimandir, Service road, Vijayanagar, Bangalore
560040 Ph: 080 23110775/41270775, E-mail: syslog_tech@yahoo.com, URL: www.syslog.co.in

Syslog Technologies
Innovative Thoughts

Transformer

Rectifier

Regulator

Filter

Temperature
sensor
Controlling
unit

Humidity
sensor

Gas sensor
CRYSTAL
11.0592

C AT89S52

R
X

MAX
232

Zigbee

TX

Zigbee

#2943/E, 2nd floor, Maruthi complex, Opp. Maruthimandir, Service road, Vijayanagar, Bangalore
560040 Ph: 080 23110775/41270775, E-mail: syslog_tech@yahoo.com, URL: www.syslog.co.in