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Tips to perform a RAM study

DNV Software - Webinar material


Feb 28 2013
Victor Borges, RAM Product Manager

Agenda
What is advanced RAM analysis?
Quantitative picture of Performance
DNV solution
Top 5 tips to perform an effective RAM Study

Tips to perform a RAM study


Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.

DNV calls it
Defeat is ensured for the one who beforehand does not have all things in order,
people call it misfortune. While victory is ensured for the one who beforehand has
learned to be prepared, people call it luck.

Roald Amundsen

We call it RAM!
Tips to perform a RAM study
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What is Advanced RAM


Analysis?

Tips to perform a RAM study


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What is Advanced RAM analysis?


What is Advanced RAM analysis?
RAM is a methodology used to predict asset performance for a given configuration in terms of
Reliability, Availability and Maintainability
Our products go beyond traditional RAM analysis by adding capabilities related to operations
tailored to the Oil and Gas industry which provides as result utilisation and production
efficiency.
Takes into consideration all factors affecting production in order to forecast performance over
the life of the asset
Examples of factors are Equipment Performance, Redundancy, Maintenance Strategies,
Logistics, Demand Requirements etc.

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Simulation
How it works
- The user specifies a configuration in terms of
equipment reliability and dependencies, as
well as the associated asset operations
- By discrete event simulation using a Monte
Carlo method, a number of life cycles given
the specified configuration are simulated
- By performing a large enough number of life The benefits with simulation are
cycle simulations a reliable prediction of the
- It can be used with process complexities
asset performance is produced
and uncertainties where exact analytical
solutions are not possible
- It allows for easy extension of the analysis
to include large inventories & sensitivity
studies (what-ifs)
- It highlights the weak links in the
configuration (equipment criticality) and
allows you to optimise asset configuration
and operations

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Why are we doing this?


Maximizing
Plant efficiency / reliability levels
Product generation/throughput

whilst

Minimizing
manning costs
materials costs
maintenance work load
transportation and support
downtime affecting revenue/operating

and

costs

Maintaining
contractual nominations
safety case requirements

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 7

Quantitative picture of
Performance

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Quantitative Picture Of Performance


Reliability

Equipment performance data


(failure frequencies)
System configuration

Equipment/System uptime

Availability

Maintainability

Maintenance resources
Shift constraints
Mobilization delays
Spares constraints

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 9

Availability
Actual
Pump on
Pump on
Pump on
Pump failed
Pump failed

%
Potential
Pump always on

Time

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 10

Quantitative Picture Of Performance


Equipment performance data
(failure frequencies)
System configuration

Reliability

Equipment/System uptime

Availability

Maintainability

Production Efficiency

Maintenance resources
Shift constraints
Mobilization delays
Spares constraints

Operability

Plant interdependencies
Plant re-start times
Production/demand rates
Storage Size
Tanker Fleet and Operations

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 11

Achieved production
Production losses
Criticality
Contract shortfalls
Delayed cargoes

Production Efficiency (Utilization)

Actual
Volume
Pump on
Pump on
Pump on
Pump failed
Pump degraded

Potential
Volume
Pump always on

Production Rate
Time
Tips to perform a RAM study
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Slide 12

Quantitative Picture Of Performance


Equipment performance data
(failure frequencies)
System configuration

Reliability

Equipment/System uptime

Availability

Maintainability

Production Efficiency

Maintenance resources
Shift constraints
Mobilization delays
Spares constraints

Operability

Achieved production
Production losses
Criticality
Contract shortfalls
Delayed cargoes

Net Present Value

Plant interdependencies
Plant re-start times
Production/demand rates
Storage Size
Tanker Fleet and Operations

Lost Profit Opportunity

Unit Costs/Revenue

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 13

Product price
Man-hour/spares costs
Transport costs
Discount rates

Operational Expenditure (OPEX) / Lost Revenue

Actual
Volume
Pump on

Pump off

Pump on
Pump on
Pump degraded

Maintenance
Expenditure

Lost Profit Opportunity

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Lost Revenue

Slide 14

Products

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Maros
Maintainability Availability Reliability
Operability Simulation program
Tool of choice for analysis of upstream and
LNG assets for the past 25 years
In use since 1984 with continuous
development efforts
Provides functionality for modelling of all
issues pertinent to process equipment and
units in the upstream market
Features include time varying production
flow profile, multiple products, production
recovery techniques, tanker export
operations, financial modelling and more

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Taro
Total Asset Review & Optimization
Specialised for modelling of refinery
complexes
Developed since in 1995
Provides capability for the integration of
shipping and storage into performance
models
Features include multiple streams, unit
interdependencies, yield rates, blending
rules, advanced storage and more

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Top 5 tips to perform an effective


RAM Study

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Top 5 tips to perform an effective RAM Study


1. Definition
- Define the objectives and scope
- Define boundaries for the study

2. Collecting
- Collate all required data

3. Preparation
- Prepare a study basis
- Build the model in stages
- Verify model operation at each stage

4. Results
- Compare over all results with expectations
- Perform sensitivity analyses
- Generate reports

5. Document and archive model files


Tips to perform a RAM study
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Slide 19

Definition

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Define Objectives and Scope


Most common objective is what production efficiency can we expect from this
design
Some other examples:
- What reliability should we specify for the export compressor?
- What platform availability gives an acceptable overall security of oil supply?
- What is the most cost effective way to improve security of gas supply?
- What is the impact of alternative maintenance strategies?

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 21

Define Boundaries For The Study


Model core system
Can external influences be synthesised or must they be explicitly included
Can we estimate the influence of external factors? If so we can decide which to
include and which to exclude
A good model contains the minimum amount of detail that still yields a valid answer
i.e. most complex is not necessarily the best

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 22

Collecting

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Collate All Required Data


What is unique to this study??
Reservoir data
Gas sales agreements
Basis of design document
PFDs, P&IDs, schematics, cause and effect charts
Maintenance logistics and strategies
Reliability data
Etc.

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 24

Reliability data
Getting the right data is a crucial step in a RAM Study
Sources
-

Generic Reliability Data


In-House Reliability Data
OREDA Offshore Reliability Data
AEA Reliability Databank
European Reliability Industry Data Bank Handbook (EIReDA)
RAC Reliability Data books
CCPS Process Equipment Reliability Database (PERD)
Cox, Lees & Ang

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Generic data Versus In-house data


Data Sources

Advantages

Generic-published

Easy to obtain

Generic-applied

Can be produced relatively


quickly

Collected-maintenance data

Collected-formal scheme

Uses existing records


Very detailed reliability
parameters can be obtained on
specific items and in correct
form

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Disadvantages
Non-specific boundaries and
assumptions unknown
Requires detailed knowledge of
proposed application and
factors influencing reliability
Many not have data in the
correct form or detail required,
or sufficient amount of data

Long term project in order to


collect sufficient experience

Preparation

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Prepare The Study Basis


Assumptions
Objectives
Description of model to be built
Reliability Block Diagrams (RBDs)
Data Register

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 28

Typical Model Development Path


Flow/Reservoir Deliverability

Equipment configuration and reliability data

Maintenance resources - manpower, spares, tools

Maintenance strategies

Operational considerations

Run model, review results, reconfigure

Final model runs


Tips to perform a RAM study
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Slide 29

Results

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Compare Results With Expectations


Can the results be explained?
Are there any areas of unexpectedly low or high criticality?
If necessary generate and check log files to investigate further

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 31

Analysis Results
Availability (uptime)
Production Efficiency
Production Statistics
Complex / Platform / Equipment Criticality
Frequency of Shutdowns
Maintenance Resource Expenditure
Utilization

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 32

RAM Applications (Study Types)


Conceptual Design Screening Studies
Facilities Optimization
Detailed Engineering
Development of Operations Reference Plan / Asset Reference Plan
Maintenance Strategy Evaluation (RCM)
Manning Studies
Workload Assessments (e.g. Vessel utilization)
Risk Analysis (e.g. Well Risk)

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 33

RAM Applications (Asset Types)


Subsea (Remote & Deep water)
Normally Unmanned Installations (NUIs)
Minimum Manned Platforms
Central Processing Facilities
Onshore Oil & Gas Processing Terminals
LNG Plants
Refinery Unit and Site Optimisation
Co-generation Power Plants
Petrochemical Plants

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 34

Life Cycle Performance Analysis


Analysis is not just about producing one availability figure, which can then be quoted
as the performance figure for the development.

Analysis is about a picture of performance (transparency) which the project team can
use to make decisions

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 35

Life Cycle Performance Analysis


Performance assessed to a number of criteria - build a picture of performance
Transparency of performance criteria leads to confidence in the assessment
Analysis is best in a comparative assessment of competing designs or operating
scenarios
Utilize sensitivity scenarios to understand risk or uncertainty in the performance
figures
Where absolute figures are required some degree of calibration or benchmarking is
required

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Slide 36

For further interest, trial version, software demo or a


quotation please do not hesitate to contact us:
software.marketing@dnv.com

Best regards,
DNV Software

Tips to perform a RAM study


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Safeguarding life, property


and the environment
www.dnv.com

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