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Dr. S. K. Ong
Design of Completely Mixed Activated Sludge System
Design a completely mixed activated sludge and secondary settling facility to treat 5.71 mgd (0.25 m 3/s)
of settled wastewater with 250 mg/L BOD5. The effluent is to have 20 mg/L of BOD5 or less. Assume
temperature at 20o C.
(i) Influent volatile suspended solids to reactor are negligible
(ii) ratio of mixed liquor VSS (MLVSS) and mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) = 0.8
(iii) Return sludge concentration = 10,000 mg/L SS
(iv) MLVSS = 3,500 mg/L in aeration tank
(v) Design mean cell residence time c = 10 d
(vi) Effluent contains 22 mg/L of biological solids, 65% is biodegradable
(vii) BOD5 = 0.68 BODL
(viii) Wastewater contains adequate nitrogen, phosphorus and trace nutrients for biological growth
(ix) Peak hourly flow rate is 2.5 times the average flow rate
1. Estimate the concentration of soluble BOD 5 in the effluent using the following relationship
Effluent BOD5 = soluble BOD5 + BOD5 of effluent suspended solids
(a) determine BOD5 of the effluent suspended solids
i. Biodegradable portion of effluent biological solids is 0.65(22 mg/L) = 14.3 mg/L
ii. Ultimate BODL of the biodegradable effluent solids is (14.3) (1.42 mg O2
consumed/mg cell oxidized) = 20.3 mg/L
iii. BOD5 of effluent suspended solids = 20.3 0.68 = 13.8 mg/L
(b) Effluent soluble BOD5 escaping treatment is given by:
20 mg/L = S + 13.8 mg/L
S
= 6.2 mg/L
2. Treatment efficiency, E = (So S) 100/ So
Efficiency of soluble BOD5 is (250 6.2) 100/250 = 97.5 %
Overall plant efficiency is (250 20) 100/250 = 92%
3. Compute reactor volume, use:
Y (S o S )
X c
(1 k d c )
therefore
c QY(S o S )
X
(1 k d c )
V
Q
(10 d )
(3500 mg / L)
(1 0.06 10 d ))
HRT of reactor = (2430 m3) 2(264.17 gal/m3)/5.21 x 106 gal/d = 0.246 days = 5.9 hrs
5.
X V
Q w X w QeXe
X V
Q w X w (Q Q w ) X e
Q w X w (Q Q w ) X e
X V
c
(3500)(45 9 6) 2
10
assume Q >> Qw
then
QwXw
= 1701 380.16
= 1321 kg MLVSS/day
0.246
10 0.975 0.76
r
Xw
8000
1.286
1
1
3500
X
1
= 5868 kg/day
= 741,425 ft3/day
= 12,872 ft3/min
= 1.62 ft3/gal
Air requirement per lb of BOD5 removed = (9,267,816 ft3/d)/[(250 6.2) (5.71) 8.34]
= 798 ft3/lb BOD5 removed
Check against Ten States Standard
Organic loading
F/M Ratio
Organic Loading
= (0.25 m3/s)(250 mg/L) (1000 L/m3)(86,400 s/d) (2.2)/[(106)(64592 m3)(3.28)3]
= 0.069 lb BOD5/d/ft3
= 69 lb BOD5/d/1000 ft3
Does not meet Ten States Standard but meets loading rates in notes
F/M ratio = (0.25 m3/s)(250 mg/L)(1000 L/m386,400 s/d)/[(3500)(69452 m3)(1000)]
= 0.32
within Ten States Standard