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Pipe Threads
Introduction..... Symbols..... Reference Standards..... Designating Threads..... Terminology.....
Threads to BS EN ISO 0228 (BS 2779)..... Threads to BS EN 10226 (BS 21) ..... Threads to BS 21 .....
Introduction
When coupling pipes and attaching pipes to components screwed fittings are often used as opposed to compression couplings,
soldered or welded connections. Historically in the UK, and throughout europe, British Standard Pipe Threads (BSP)have been
used . These threads are still widely used but the threads are generally no longer identified as BSP threads ..
BS 21 has been used in the UK for BSP threads for pressure tight joints and BS 2779 has been used for BSP threads which are
not used for pressure tight joints. BS 21 has now been generally replaced by BS EN 10226-1, and BS 2779 has been totally
replaced by BS EN ISO 0228-1
BS 21 is still (2007) relevant for taper ext. /taper int. threads which are used for pressure tight joints (until BS 10226-2 is issued) and
for longscrew threads. Longscrew threads are parallel threads used as longscrew connectors as specified in BS 1387 . Using
these components pressure tight joints are made my using soft annulus seals between a backnut and a connector face.
Symbols
D = Major diameter of Internal Thread
D1 = Minor diameter of internal Thread = D -1,280654P
D2 = Pitch diameter of internal Thread = D - 0,640327P
H = Height of fundamental triangle of thread form
h = height of thread profile with rounded crests and roots.
P = Pitch
r = radius of crest (and roots)
R = Designation of a taper external thread
Rp = Designation of a parallel internal thread
TD1 = Tolerance of minor diameter of internal thread
TD2 = Tolerance of pitch diameter of internal thread
Reference Standards
BS 21:1985 :...Specification for pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads (metric
dimensions)..Part Superseded. This standard is applicable only for longscrew threads and Taper int/Taper ext thread combinations
BS EN 10226-1:2004 :..Pipe threads where pressure tight joints are made on the threads. Taper external threads and parallel
internal threads. Dimensions, tolerances and designation ..Part Supersedes BS 21
BS 2779:1986 :...Specification for pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads
(metric dimensions)..Superseded Withdrawn
BS EN ISO 228-1:2003 :...Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads. Dimensions, tolerances and
designation ..Supersedes BS 2779
BS EN ISO 228-2:2003 :...Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads. Verification by means of limit
gauges /
Note: Equivalent international Standards...
ISO 7-1:1994...Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads -- Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation
ISO 7-2:2000...Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads -- Part 2: Verification by means of limit gauges..As
yet there is no English /European equivalent of this standard(BS EN 10226-2 is in preparation). In the UK the current equivalent
standard is BS 21
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Thread
Size
Threads
per
25,4mm
mm
Class A
Ext.
Pitch Dia
Tolerance
Lower
/Upper
Class B
Ext.
Pitch Dia
Tolerance
Lower
/Upper
Int. Minor
Dia
Tolerance
Lower
/Upper
Ext. Major
Dia
Tolerance
Lower
/Upper
Pitch
Height
of
Thread
Major
Dia
Pitch
Diameter
Minor
Diameter
Int. Pitch
Dia
Tolerance
Lower
/Upper
D=d
D 2 = d2
D 1 = d1
TD2
Td2 class
A
Td2 class
B
TD1
Td
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
1/16"
28
0,907
0,581
7,723
7,142
6,561
0 / +0,107
-0,107 / 0
-0,214 / 0
0 / +0,282
-0,214 / 0
1/8"
28
0,907
0,581
9,728
9,147
8,566
0 / +0,107
-0,107 / 0
-0,214 / 0
0 / +0,282
-0,214 / 0
1/4"
19
1,337
0,856
13,157
12,301
11,445
0 / +0,125
-0,125 / 0
-0,250 / 0
0 / +0,445
-0,250 / 0
3/8"
19
1,337
0,856
16,662
15,806
14,95
0 / +0,125
-0,125 / 0
-0,250 / 0
0 / +0,445
-0,250 / 0
1/2"
14
1,814
1,162
20,955
19,793
18,631
0 / +0,142
-0,142 / 0
-0,282 / 0
0 / +0,541
-0,284 / 0
5/8"
14
1,814
1,162
22,911
21,749
20,587
0 / +0,142
-0,142 / 0
-0,282 / 0
0 / +0,541
-0,284 / 0
3/4"
14
1,814
1,162
26,411
25,279
24,117
0 / +0,142
-0,142 / 0
-0,282 / 0
0 / +0,541
-0,284 / 0
7/8"
14
1,814
1,162
30,201
29,039
27,877
0 / +0,142
-0,142 / 0
-0,282 / 0
0 / +0,541
-0,284 / 0
1"
11
2,309
1,479
33,249
31,77
30,291
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
1 1/8"
11
2,309
1,479
37,897
36,418
34,939
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
1 1/4"
11
2,309
1,479
41,91
40,431
38,952
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
1 1/2"
11
2,309
1,479
47,803
46,324
44,845
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
1 3/4"
11
2,309
1,479
53,746
52,267
50,788
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
2"
11
2,309
1,479
59,614
58,135
56,656
0 / +0,180
-0,180 / 0
-0,360 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,360 / 0
2 1/4"
11
2,309
1,479
65,71
64,231
62,752
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
2 1/2"
11
2,309
1,479
75,184
73,705
72,226
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
2 3/4"
11
2,309
1,479
81,534
80,055
78,576
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
3"
11
2,309
1,479
87,884
86,405
84,926
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
3 1/2"
11
2,309
1,479
100,83
98,851
97,37
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
4"
11
2,309
1,479
113,03
111,551
110,072
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
4 1/2"
11
2,309
1,479
125,73
124,251
122,772
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
5"
11
2,309
1,479
138,43
136,951
135,472
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
5 1/2"
11
2,309
1,479
151,13
149,651
148,172
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
6"
11
2,309
1,479
163,83
162,351
160,872
0 / +0,217
-0,217 / 0
-0,434 / 0
0 / +0,640
-0,434 / 0
BS EN 10226 - 1
Pipe threads where pressure tight joints are made on the threads. Taper external threads and parallel internal threads.
These threads are of Whitworth form and are used when pressure tight joints are made on the screw threads. The joints include
taper male threads with parallel female threads are found in BS EN 10226-1. The joints made up of taper male in taper female
threads are found in BS EN 10226-2. These threads are used for piping joints including piping, valves and fittings.
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Thread
Size
Threads
per
25,4mm
Height
of
Thread
Major
Dia
Pitch
Diameter
Minor
Diameter
Pitch
mm
D= d
D 2 = d2
D1 = D1
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
7,142
6,561
No
Useful
Gauge
Nominal
Threads
Length
Gauge
Length Tolerance for basic
Ext, Thd Ext Thread gauge
length
Ass'y
Length
T1 /2
mm
4
mm
+ /-0,9
Gauge
Length
Tolerance
Int Thread
Equiv.
Dia. Tol.
Parallel
Threads
T2 /2
mm
6,5
mm
2,5
mm
+ /- 1,1
mm
1/16
28
0,907
0,581
7,723
+ /-0,071
1/8
28
0,907
0,581
9,728
9,147
8,566
+ /- 0,9
6,5
2,5
+ /- 1,1
+ /-0,071
1/4
19
1,337
0,856
13,157
12,301
11,445
+ /- 1,3
9,7
3,7
+ /- 1,7
+ /-0,104
3/8
19
1,337
0,856
16,662
15,806
14,95
6,4
+ /- 1,3
10,1
3,7
+ /- 1,7
+ /-0,104
1/2
14
1,814
1,162
20,955
19,793
18,631
8,2
+ /- 1,8
13,2
5,0
+ /- 2,3
+ /-0,104
3/4
14
1,814
1,162
26,411
25,279
24,117
9,5
+ /- 1,8
14,5
5,0
+ /- 2,3
+ /-0,104
11
2,309
1,479
33,249
31,77
30,291
10,4
+ /- 2,3
16,8
6,4
+ /- 2,9
+ /-0,180
1 1/4
11
2,309
1,479
41,91
40,431
36,952
12,7
+ /- 2,3
19,1
6,4
+ /- 2,9
+ /-0,180
1 1/2
11
2,309
1,479
47,803
46,324
44,845
12,7
+ /- 2,3
19,1
6,4
+ /- 2,9
+ /-0,180
11
2,309
1,479
59,614
58,135
56,656
15,9
+ /- 2,3
23,4
7,5
+ /- 2,9
+ /-0,180
2 1/2
11
2,309
1,479
75,184
73,705
72,226
17,5
+ /- 3,5
26,7
9,2
+ /- 3,5
+ /-0,216
11
2,309
1,479
87,884
86,405
84,926
20,6
+ /- 3,5
29,8
9,2
+ /- 3,5
+ /-0,216
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11
2,309
1,479
113,03
111,551
110,072
25,4
+ /- 3,5
35,8
10,4
+ /- 3,5
+ /-0,216
11
2,309
1,479
138,43
136,951
135,472
28,6
+ /- 3,5
40,1
11,5
+ /-3,5
+ /-0,216
11
2,309
1,479
163,83
162,351
160,872
28,6
+ /- 3,5
40,1
11,5
+ /- 3,5
+ /-0,216
BS 21:1985 - Notes
Specification for pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads (metric dimensions)
This standard is currently only relevant to pressure tight joint between taper internal and taper external threads and longscrew
threads.
The parallel external threads on a longscrew thread shall be formed such that connectors and backnuts with threads formed in
accordance with the tables above shall run on the longscrew threads with not perceptible shake... The sizes for longscrew threads
are provided in the table above for under the heading BS 10228.
The sizes for taper threads are provided in the table under heading BS 10226: The basic sizes of taper external threads are in
accordance with the dimensions for BS 10226 as shown above. The basic dimensions of taper external threads are also in
accordance with the above standard the relevant tolerance are provided in the column headed "Gauge Length Tolerance Int
Thread - T2 /2"
Useful Links
1. British Pipe Threads.. Tapping Drill Sizes
2. Legris _Connectors .. Single Page download showing BSP connection types
3. International Thread Standards .. A comprehensive set of thread tables including BSP
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24/04/10 3:47 PM