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ROBERT E. ZI N N
WALTER R. NIESSE N
ABSTRACT
337
Incinerator Characteristics
TABLE I
SUMMARY OF PACKAGING WASTE GROWTH TRENDS
ARTHUR D. LlTTLE,INC. ESTIMATES
1965 - 1975
Thousands of
Tons/Year
Percent
Increase
% of
1 965
Total
% of
1 9 75
Total
Change
1 9651 975
(%)
%
Change
of
Total
Category
1 965
1 975
Glass
8,060
1 1 ,840
32
1 8.01
1 9. 1 8
+1. 1 7
+ 6.5
Foils
113
1 85
64
0.25
0.30
+0.05
+20.0
Wood
5,872
4,057
-31
1 3. 1 2
6.56
-6.56
-50. 0
Metal
6,583
8,641
31
14. 7 1
14.00
-0. 7 1
- 4.8
318
450
42
0. 71
0.73
+0.02
+ 2.8
22,444
34,063
52
50. 15
55. 1 8
+5.03
+10.0
1,364
2,490
82
3.05
4.03
+0. 98
+32. 2
44,754
6 1,726
1 00.00
100.00
Wax
Fiber and Paper
Plastics
Total
(38% Growth)
339
100
! 'I
0.01
0.12
. 4
0.1'
1:1 n
m 1!:8
(.) 21.0
. 1101 44.0
(II) 10.0
40
10
10
100
500
1,000
10,000
20,000
40,000
I0,00O
1,000
REFUSE CHARGED (LB.lHR.l
340
"
"
..
HOUR
..
=fF
100
1.0
0.1
III
10,000
1000
Retu_ Cbaqed (Ib/hr)
100,000
Odors
--------r-------,--------r-------r----250
26.00
so \l'Jastel
------+----i '2
'
......, --sf$l \..b \I'J
- '-
__
c:
o
....
t-
- _ ..
500
KEY
I-Unit With Scrubber
it Without Scrubber
.g 21.00
-
e
CI)
LbW
-
500
--t---
c:
.-
(J
c:
.....
16.00
000
2000
"
- - -
8000
11.00
200
Lb
___
400
- --
--
--
600
800
1000
2000
- ---
Z9QO
-
1000
\
,
500
2000
8000
8000
1000
-- - -
Incinerator Economics
WI (0.9 Y) hrs/day
Waste Load
(W -lbs/day
Optimum
Incinerator Capacity
(Y -lbs/hr)
Optimum
Burning Time
(N - hrs/day)
100
57
1.96
250
113
2.45
500
193
2.90
1,000
326
3.40
2,000
535
4.15
5,000
1,120
5.00
343
Case I
Depreciation
Refuse Hauling
includes scrubber
Electricity
$ 30.78/Ton
Taxes
Water
Gas
Case II
Depreciation
Refuse Hauling
includes scrubber
$16.75/Ton
Taxes
Water
Gas
Case III
Depreciation
Refuse Hauling
includes scrubber
Electricity
$13.70/Ton
Taxes
Water
Gas
12
16
20
24
28
32
344
MA NPOWE R REQUIREMENTS
Fly ash, carried in the flue gas stream is, in part, dropped
Refractory Maintenance
PILOT STABILlTY
technique.
345
SUMMARY
BURNING RATE
A CK NOWLEDGMENT
[1] American Gas Association, USAS, Z21.6, Approval Re
347
APP E N D IX
A F O RECAST OFPACKAGING T RE ND S I N
T HE U NITED STATES 19651975
348
1 9 50
Food
Medicinal and Health
Household, Industrial
Toiletries, Cosmetics
Beverage Returnable
Beverage Non-Returnable
Beer Returnable
Beer Non-Returnable
Liquor
Wine
Dairy
TABLE IA
PAPER AND PAPERBOARD
1M Tons)
1 96 5
1 970
1975
Corrugated
10, 546
1 5,400
1 9, 800
Solid Fiber
177
1 50
140
3,936
4, 1 00
4, 200
Shipping Containers
CONSUMER PACKAGING
Total
2,060
2, 500
2,900
550
6 20
690
4,588
5, 300
5,800
21,857
28,070
33,530
1 96 5
1975
3, 1 7 5
970
280
6 20
550
270
140
1,320
480
230
25
4,340
7,620
8,060
1 1 , 840
Note:
Major growth area should be in one-way bottles for soft
drinks. Further losses to plastic will occur in medicinal
and health, toiletries and cosmetics, household, and food,
wine and dairy.
Total
1 964
Notes:
TABLE iliA
Steel Cans
Aluminum Cans
Aluminum Tubes
Total
349
1965
1 97 5
4, 900
5,800
1 40
1,700
11
13
5,051
7,513
TABLE IV A
PLASTICS
1M Tons)
1965
1975
162
263
12
13
Polyvinyl Chloride
Polypropylene
10
13
Polyvinyl Alcohol
1965
Polyvinyl Acetate
41
55
Styrene-Butadiene
Acrylic
Saran
10
20
Other*
20
Total
318
WAX
Polypropylene
1 966
1 970
1 97 5
425
600
750
30
50
75
175
150
35
85
125
Polyvinylidene Chloride
10
Linear Polyester
Polystyrene
Cellulose Acetate
PliofUm
Other*
10
15
950
1 , 143
724
155
250
50
10
68
ABS
30
Urea
12
10
Phenolics
Cellulosics
10
--
374
25
--
943
450
200
Total
Polyvinyl Chloride
Cellophane
475
Notes:
Includes: Thermoformed containers from sheet, rigid
plastic boxes, containers, and lids, blister and rigid skin
packs, closures, foamed cases and inner packing.
Excludes: Beverage cases, plastic bottles, and tubes.
20
160
404
Plastic Film
10
Total
25
266
Other*
--
1 975
MAJOR A R E A S OF PR OJ ECTED GR O W TH
Notes:
Growth will be in bags - multiwall and liners, over
wraps, shrink overwraps, and fUm/tray shipping con350
TABLE VI
MISCELLANEOUS WIREBOUND AND COOPERED CONTAINERS,
STEEL AND FIBER DRUMS, TEXTILE BAGS, ETC.
(Estimated M Tonsl
1964
1965
1975
Wirebound Containers
294
5,410
310
5,550
300
3,750
848
424
27
362
201
7,566
806
433
28
400
500
22
367
185
7,679
375
125
5,472
1950
TABLE IV A
METAL CROWNS AND CAPS
(M Tonsl
1950
1964
1965
1975
226
216
227
190
TABLE V A
ALUMINUM FOIL
(M Tonsl
1950
Converted Aluminum Foil
1964
1965
1975
46
60
88
25
39
42
84
Total
25+
85
102
172
351
56
350
290
696
APP E N D IX
352
BA SIS
50 -----
100
90
20
'0
t::
0
Po.
Ul
I1l
M
M
0
0
4J
Ul
0
U
'0
Q)
M
M
I1l
4J
Ul
t::
H
10
9
8
7
0.
't-
-1t-1;
6
5
S<,
I-v
6
?'
4
3
1
100
______
__-L
____
______
500
1000
Capacity, Pounds/Hour
FIG. B-' INCINERATOR CAPITAL COST
353
-L
__ __
__
-5000
g. Water
h. Gas
1 00y o . 284
1 38y o . 3 1 4
1 . 72Wo. 76
W/ (0.9Y)
A N N U A L COSTS
TABLE I B
Amount (Dollars)
a. Depreciation
X/ I S
b . Residue Hauling
d. Maintenance
e. Electricity
Waste Load
W-lb/day
Purchased Capacity
Y(lb/hr)
1 00
250
500
1 000
2000
5000
Burning Time
N (hrs/day)
57
113
193
326
535
1 1 20
1 . 96
2.45
2.90
3.40
4.15
5.00
0.02X
354