BE 8th Semester

Structural Engineering Design-IV

Unit-I

Q.1 (a) Define strap footing.

(b) Design combined rectangular footing for two column A and B, carrying
loads of 500 and 700 kN respectively. Column A is 300 mm x 300 mm in
size and column B is 400 mm x 400 mm in size. The centre to centre
spacing of the columns is 3.4 metres. The safe bearing capacity of soil may
be taken as 150 N/m2. Use M-20 concrete and Fe-415 steel. Development
length check can be avoided.
(c) Design a strap footing for two column A and B, spaced 5 metres centre to
centre. Column A, 300 mm x 300 mm in size carries a load of 600 kN and
is on the property line. Column B, 400 mm x 400 mm in size, carries a
load of 900 kN. The bearing capacity of soil is 120 kN/m2. Use M-20 mix
and Fe-415 steel.
Q.2 (a) Design a strap footing for two columns A and B spaced 5 m c/c. Column A
is 400 mm square and carries a load of 600 kN, and is on property line.
Column B is 500 mm square and carries a load of 900 kN. The bearing
capacity of the soil is 120 kN/sq. meter. Assume M-20 concrete and Fe
415 steel to be used.
(b) Design a combined rectangular footing for the two column A and B
carrying loads of 600 and 800 kN respectively. Column A is 300 mm
square and column B is 400 mm square in size. The centre to centre
spacing of the columns is 3.5 metre. The safe bearing capacity of soil may
be taken as 150 kN/sq. meter. Use M-20 concrete and Fe -415 steel for the
purpose of designing.
Q.3 (a) Define strap footing.
(b) Design a combined rectangular footing for the two column of 400 mm x
400 mm and 600 mm x 600 mm, located at 4.5 m apart centre. The
columns carry axial loads of 625 kN and 1100 kN respectively. The
distance from the centre of lighter column to the property line is limited to
500 mm. Using M 20 grade for concrete and Fe 415 steel for
reinforcement. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 150 kN/m2.
(c) Design a strep footing for the two column of dimensions 400 mm x 400
mm and 500 mm x 500 mm, located 5 m apart c/c. The column carry axial
loads of 850 kN and 1250 kN respectively. The lighter section is located
on the property line. Use M 20 concrete & Fe 415 steel. The bearing
capacity of soil may be taken as 200 kN/m2.

Q.4 (a) Define strap footing.

(b) A combined rectangular footing for the two column A and B, carrying
loads of 500 kN and 700 kN respectively. Column A is 300 x 300 mm in
size and column B is 400 x 400 mm in size. The centre to centre spacing of
columns is 3.4 ms. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 150
kN/m2. Use M-20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Fix dimension of footing and
calculate BM & SF wherever needed and draw BMD and SFD.
(c) A combined trapezoidal footing for two columns A and B spaced 5 m
centre to centre. The column A is 300 x 300 mm in size and column B is
400 x 400 mm in size carries a load of 600 kN and 900 kN respectively.
Maximum length of footing is restricted 7.0 m only. The safe bearing
capacity of soil may be taken as 120 kN/m2. Use M-20 concrete and Fe
415 steel. Fix dimension of footing and calculate BM & SF at different
section.
Q.5 (a) When it is suggested to provide a raft foundation?
(b) Design a combined rectangular footing for the two columns, each of size
300 mm x 300 mm, located 3.0 m apart centre to centre. The columns cary
axial loads of 600 kN each. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken
as 150 kN/m2.
(c) A combined trapezoidal footing is to be provided for two square columns
of size 400 mm and 300 mm, carrying axial loads of 900 kN and 600 kN
respectively. The columns are located five meters apart centre to centre;
the distance from the centre of column B to the property line is restricted
to one meter and length of footing is restricted to seven metres. The safe
bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 150 kN/m2. Draw the bending
moment and shear force diagram.
Q.6 (a) Design a combined rectangular footing for the two column of 400 mm x
400 mm and 600 mm x 600 mm, located at 4.5 m apart centre to centre.
The columns carry axial loads of 600 kN and 1000 kN respectively. The
distance from the centre of lighter column to the property line is restricted
to 0.4 m. Using M 20 grade for concrete and Fe 415 steel for
reinforcement. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 150 kN/m2.
(b) Design a strep footing for the two column of dimensions 400 mm x 400
mm and 500 mm x 500 mm, located 5 m apart centre to centre. The
column carry axial loads of 800 kN and 1200 kN respectively. The lighter
section is located on the property line. Use M 20 concrete & Fe 415 steel
for reinforced. The bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 200 kN/m2.

BE 8th Semester
Structural Engineering Design-IV
Unit-II

Q.1 (a) name different types of Retaining walls.

(b) Design a T shaped cantilever retaining wall to retain earth embankment
3m high above ground level. The unit weight of earth is 18 kN/m3 and the
agle of repose is 300. The embankment is horizontal at its top. The safe
bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 100 kN/m2 and the coefficient of
friction between soil and concrete as 0.5. Use M-20 mix and Fe-415 steel.
(c) Design a heel slab only for a counterfort retaining wall to retain 7 m high
embankment above ground level. The foundation is to be taken 1 m deep
where the safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 180 kN/m2. The
top earth retained is horizontal and soil weight 18 kN/m3 with angle of
internal friction of = 300. Coefficient of friction between concrete and
soil may be taken as 0.5. Use M-20 concrete and Fe-415 steel.
Q.2 (a) Design a T-shaped cantilever retaining wall to retain earth embankment
3.5m high above ground level. The unit weight of earth is 18 kN/m3 and its
angle of repose is 300. The embankment is horizontal at its top. Safe
bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 120 kN/m3 and coefficient of
friction between soil and concrete as 0.5. Use M-20 concrete and Fe-415
bars. Design of shear key not needed (if required).
(b) Design a couterfort retaining wall to wall to retain 6.0 m high embankment
above ground level. The foundation may be taken 1.0 m deep. The safe
bearing capacity of soil may be taken 180 kN/m2. The top of earth retained
is horizontal and soil weighs 16 kN/m3. Angle of repose is 300. Coefficient
of friction between concrete and soil may be taken as 0.5. Use M-20
concrete and Fe-415 steel. Design only heel and toe slabs.
Q.3 (a) List different types of retaining walls.
(b) Design the stem, toe slab and heel slab of a cantilever retaining wall to
retain an earthen embankment with horizontal top. The total height of the
retaining wall, from the bottom of the base slab to the top of the wall is 4.5
m. The base slab is 60 cm thick. Density of earth may be taken as 18
kN/m3. Angle of internal friction = 300. Safe bearing capacity of soil may
be taken as 150 kN/m2. The coefficient of friction between soil and
concrete is 0.53.
(c) Design and sketch the reinforcement the stem 300 mm thick of a counterfort retaining wall to retain an earthen embankment with horizontal top.

The total height of the retaining wall, from the bottom of base slab to the
top of the wall is 8.25 m. the base slab is 600 mm thick. Clear spacing of
counter forts is 3m and the thickness of counter-forts is 50 cm. Unit weight
of earth may be taken as 18 kN/m3; angle of internal friction = 300, safe
bearing capacity of soil is 180 kN/m2. Coefficient of friction between soil
and concrete is 0.52.

Q.4 (a) List different types of retaining walls.

(b) Design a T-shaped cantilever retaining wall to retain earth embankment 3
m high above ground level. The unit weight of earth is 18 kN/m3 and its
angle of repose is 300. The embankment is horizontal at its top. The rate
bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 100 kN/m2 and the coefficient of
friction between soil and concrete as 0.5. Use M-20 mix and Fe415 steel.
(c) A counter fort retaining wall to retain 7 m embankment above ground
level. The foundation is to be taken 1.0 m deep where the safe bearing
capacity of soil may be taken as 180 kN/m2. The top of the earth retained
is horizontal and soil weights 18 kN/m3 with angle of internal friction =
300. Coefficient of friction between soil and concrete may be taken as 0.5.
Use M-20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Check for stability and calculate
pressure intensity at base.
Q.5 (a) When it is suggested to provide a counter fort retaining wall?
(b) Design the stem, toe slab and heel slab of a cantilever retaining wall to
retain an earthen embankment with a horizontal top. The total height of
the retaining wall from the bottom of base slab to the top of the wall is
4.25m. the base slab is of 0.5m. thickness density of earth may be taken as
18kN/m3 angle of internal friction = 300 the safe bearing capacity of soil
may be taken as 150kN/m2 the coefficient of friction between soil and
concrete is 0.52.
(c) Design and sketch the reinforcement in the stem,0.3m thick of a counter
fort retaining wall to retain an earthen embankment with horizontal top.
The total height of the retaining wall from the bottom of base slab to the
top of the wall is 8.0m the base slab is 0.5m thick clear spacing of
counter forts is 3m and the thickness of counter forts is 0.5m. density of
earth may be taken as 18 kN/m3 angle of internal friction = 300 the safe
bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 180kN/m2 the coefficient of
friction between soil and concrete is 0.5.

Q.6 (a) Design the stem, toe slab and heel slab of a cantilever retaining wall to
retain an earthen embankment with a horizontal top 3.5 m above ground
level. The total height of the retaining wall from the bottom of base slab to
the top of the wall is 4.75m. Density of earth may be taken as 18kN/m3.
Angle of internal friction = 300. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be
taken as 200kN/m2. Take coefficient of friction between soil and concrete
as 0.5. Use M20 grade for concrete and Fe415 steel for reinforcement.
(b) Design the stem, toe slab and heel slab of a counter-fort retaining wall to
retain an earthen embankment with a horizontal top 7.5 m above ground
level. The total height of the retaining wall from the bottom of base slab to
the top of the wall is 8.25m. Spacing of counterfort may be taken as 3 m
c/c. Density of earth may be taken as 18kN/m3 Angle of internal friction
= 300. The safe bearing capacity of soil may be taken as 200kN/m2. Take
coefficient of friction between soil and concrete as 0.58. Use M20 grade
for concrete and Fe415 steel for reinforcement.
BE 8th Semester
Structural Engineering Design-IV
Unit-III

Q.1 (a) List various types of water tanks.

(b) Design a circular tank with domical top for a capacity of 4,00,000 litres.
The depth of water is to be 4 m, including a tree board of 30 cm. The tank
is to be supported on masonary platform. Take unit weight of water
as9,800 kN/m3.
(c) Design an intze tank of 9,00,000 litres capacity upto bottom dome only.
The height of staging is 16 m upto the bottom of tank. Use M-20 concrete
and Fe-415 steel.
Q.2 (a) Design a circular tank with flexible base for capacity of 4,20,000 litres
capacity. The depth of water is to be 4.0 metre including a free board of
200 mm. Use M-20 concrete and s = 150 N/mm2.
(b) Design an Intz tank for following dimensions:
(a) Diameter of cylindrical portion D1 = 14 m.
(b) Diameter of bottom circular beam (connecting columns) D2 = 10m.
(c) Height of cylindrical wall = 6 m.
(d) Height of conical Dome = 2.0 m.
(e) Rise of top Dome = 1.8 m.
(f) Rise of bottom Dome = 1.6 m.
The intensity of wind pressure may be taken as 1500 N/m2. Use M-20
concrete & HYSD Bars. Design of top Dome, Top Ring Beam and

Cylindrical wall only is to be done.

Q.3 (a) Define Intz tank.
(b) Design a circular ground water tank of 12.5. diameter, 6m high, having a
flexible base, assume a free board of 250 mm.
(c) Design the top dome, top ring beam, cylindrical wall and the ring beam at
the junction of cylindrical wall and conical dome of an Intz tank.
Determine of top ring beam = 16 m. Rise of top dome = 2.1 m. Diameter
of bottom dome = 10.5 m. Rise of bottom dome = 1.75 m. Height of
cylindrical wall = 5.25 m, height of conical dome = 2m. Use M 20
concrete and Fe 415 steel.
Q.4 (a) Define Intz tank.
(b) Design a circular tank with flexible base for capacity 40,000 litres. The
depth of water is to be 4.0 m, including free board of 200 mm. Use M-20
concrete and Fe 415 steel.
(c) Design a circular tank, with domical top for a capacity of 40,000 litre. The
depth of water is to be 4.0 m including a free board of 200 mm. The
bottom of the tank consist of a dome having a central rise of 2.2 m. The
tank is supported on masonry tower. Take unit weight of water as 9800
kN/m3.
Q.5 (a) When it is suggested to provide a intze tank?
(b) Design a circular ground water tank of 12m diameter, 5m high, having a
Flexible base assuming a freeboard of 0.2m.
(c) Design the top dome, top ring beam and cylindrical wall of a double dome
tank having the following dimensions. Diameter of cylindrical portion =
14m, height of cylindrical portion = 5m, rise of top dome = 1.8m, rise of
bottom dome = 1.6m

Q.6 (a) A RCC circular ground water tank with flexible base is of 12.8 m
diameter. The tank is 5 m high and freeboard is 0.2 m. Design and detail
the tank. Use M20 grade for concrete and Fe415 steel as reinforcement?
(b) Design the top dome, top ring beam and cylindrical wall and the ring beam
at the junction of cylindrical wall and conical dome, of an Intze tank if:
Diameter of top ring beam = 15 m; Rise of top dome = 2 m; Diameter of
bottom dome = 10m, rose of bottom dome = 1.8m, Height of cylindrical
wall = 5m, height of conical dome = 2m. Use M20 grade for concrete and
Fe415 steel for reinforcement.

BE 8th Semester
Structural Engineering Design-IV
Unit-IV

Q.1 (a) List different types of loads and stresses to be considered in designing
super structures of bridges and culverts.
(b) Design a solid slab bridge for class A loading for the following data:
Clear span = 4.5 m
Clear width of roadways = 7 m
Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm
Use M-20 mix. Take unit weight of concrete as 24 kN/m2.
(c) Design a T-beam bridge for the following data: (Only slab component)
Clear width of run way = 7m
Span centre to centre of bearings = 16 m
Live load = one lane of class AA loading tracked vehicle.
Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm.
Use M-20 mix and fe-415 steel. Take unit of concrete as 24 kN/m3.
Q.2 (a) Design a solid slab bridge for class A loading for following data:
Clear span = 4.6
Clear width of roadways = 7.0 m
Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm. Use M-20 concrete and Tor
steel Design of kerb not required.
(b) Design a T-Beam Bridge for following data:
Clear Road Way = 7.0 m
Span centre to centre of bearings = 14 m
Live load one lane of class AA loading or two lanes of class A loading
Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm
Use M-210 concrete & Tor steel.
(i)
Calculate Preliminary Dimensions
(ii)
Fix Panel Sizes
(iii)
Design of cantilever slab only to be done.
Q.3 (a) Name different types of loads which are considered at the time of design.
(b) Design a solid slab bridge of clear span 4.6 m for a clear width of roads as
7 m and for two lanes of IRC class A loading. Use M 20 concrete and Fe
415 steel. Assume the average thickness of wearing coat as 75 mm and
width of kerbs on either side as 600 mm, width of supports as 30 cm.
(c) Calculate the dimensions of a T-beam bridge and design cantilever part
only for the following data:

Clear width of roadway = 7 m

Span c/c of bearing = 16.25 m
Live load = Class AA or two lanes class A
Average thickness of wearing coat = 75 mm.
Use M 20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Take unit weight of concrete as
24000 N/m3.
Q.4 (a) Name different types of loads which are considered at the time of design.
(b) Design a solid slab bridge for class A loading for following data:
Clear span = 4.5 3
Clear width of roadways = 7 m
Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm. Use M-20 mix. Take unit
weight of concrete as 24000 N/m3.
(c) Fix dimensions of T-beam bridge and design cantilever part
only for the following data:
Clear width of roadway = 7 m
Span c/c of bearing = 16 m
Live load = Class AA or two lanes class A
Average thickness of wearing coat = 8 cm.
Use M 20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Take unit weight of concrete =
24000 N/m3.
Q.5 (a) When it is suggested to provide a T-beam bridge?
(b) A solid slab bridge has a clear span of 5m. the clear width of road way is
7.5m the width of kerbs is 0.5m and the width of supports is 0.3m average
thickness of wearing coat is 80mm. design the bridge for two lanes of IRC
class a loading.
(c) Design a slab culvert of clear spam 6.0m, having clear width of road way
is 7.5m, for one lane of IRC class AA (tracked vehicle) loading. Assume
the average thickness wearing coat as 80mm and the width of footpath on
either side as 1.0m width of supports is 0.4m.
Q.6 (a) Design a solid slab bridge of clear span 4.5 m, for a clear width of road as
7.0m and for two lanes of IRC class A loading. Use M20 grade for
concrete and Fe415 steel as reinforcement. Assume the average thickness
of wearing coat as 80mm and the width of kerbs on either side as 0.5 m.
Width of supports is 0.3 m.
(b) Design a reinforced concrete slab culvert of clear span 6.0 m, for a clear
width of road as 7.5 m and for one lane of IRC class AA (tracked vehicle)
loading. Use M25 grade for concrete and Fe415 steel as reinforcement.

Assume the average thickness of wearing coat as 80 mm and the width of

footpath on either side as 1.0 m. width of supports is 0.4 m.

BE 8th Semester
Structural Engineering Design-IV
Unit-V

Q.1 (a) What do you understand by pre-stressed concrete.

(b) Expalin different post tensioning system in brief. List different types of
losses occurred in pretension and post tension system.
(c) A rectangular beam of prestressed concrete is required to support a dead
load moment of 15 x 106 N-mm (inclusive of its own weight) and a live
load moment of 40 x 106 N-mm at its mid section. Determine the initial
prestressing force and its eccentricity at the mid span section. Take the
following value. Allowable initial compressive stress = 17 N/mm2.
Allowable final compressive stress = 14 N/mm2.
Ultimate stress in steel = 1500 N/mm2.
Assume losses = 15%
Q.2 (a) What are the materials used for pre-stressing? Describe.
(b) Describe any one system of Post-tensioning.
(c) A pre-stressed concrete beam 200 mm x 300 mm is pre-stressed with wires
of area 300 mm2. Located at a constant eccentricity of 50 mm. initial stress
is 1000 N/mm2. Span of beam is 8.0 m. Calculate % loss of stress in wires
if (a) Beam is pre-tensioned. (b) Beam is post-tensioned
Es=210 kN/mm2, Ec=35 kN/mm2
Relaxation of steel stress = 6%
Creep coefficient = 1.6
Slip at anchorage = 1.2 mm
Friction coefficient for wave effect = 0.0015/m
Shrinkage of concrete = 300 x 10-6,
200 x 10-6 for pre and post tensioned respectively.
Q.3 (a) Define pre-stressed concrete.
(b) A pre-tensioned concrete beam of 300 mm x 600 mm is stressed by 20
numbers of 8 mm diameter high tensile steel wires, located at 200 mm
below the centre line of the section. If the characteristic strength of
concrete and pre-stressing steel are 45 N/mm2 and 1425 N/mm2
respectively, determine the moment of resistance of the section.
(c) What do you understand by high tensile steel and high strength concrete.

List different types of losses that occur in pre-tensioning and posttensioning systems.

Q.4 (a) Define pre-stressed concrete.

(b) Differentiate between pre-tensioning and post tensioning systems.
Describe Freyssinet system and Magnel Blaton system.
(c) What do you understand by high tensile steel and high strength concrete.
List different types of lossed occur in pre-tensioning and post tensioning
systems.
Q.5 (a) When it is suggested to provide a pre-stressed concrete beam?
(b) A simply supported pre-stressed concrete beam of span 0.5m is subjected
to an imposed load of 4kn/m in addition to its self load. The cross section
of the beam is 200mm X 400mm. compute the stresses at top and bottom
fibers at mid span, if a pre-stressing force of 250kN is (i) concentrically
applied and (ii) eccentrically applied with a constant eccentricity of 50mm
towards the soffit of the beam.
(c) The cross section of a pre-stressed concrete beam is 200mm X 400mm. the
permissible stresses in tension and compression due to pre-stressing alone
are 4 N/mm2 respectively. Find the required pre-stressing force in the
tendon and the eccentricity of the tendon, if a straight tendon with a
constant eccentricity is to be provided in the beam. No external load or self
weight effect is to be considered.
Q.6 (a) A simply supported pre-stressed concrete beam of span 0.6 m, crosssection 400 m x 600 mm, is loaded with a uniformly distributed load of
42.67 kN/m. Sketch the distribution of tresses at mid-span and at end
sections, if the pre-stressing force is 1920 kN and the tendon is (a)
concentric, (b) eccentric, located at 200 mm above the bottom fibre.
(b) What are the different types of losses in pre-stress? Describe each of these
losses in brief.
(c) Why are high strength concrete and high strength steel necessary for
Pre-stressed concrete?