11L003R0 PC

DRAFT
MALAYSIAN
STANDARD
11L003R0
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STAGE : PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20)

DATE : 01/05/2014 30/06/2014
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Road vehicles - Clutches and brakes Vocabulary
ICS: 43.040.50
Descriptors: road vehicles, clutches, brakes, terms, definitions
Copyright 2014
DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA
11L003R0
Contents
Page
Committee representation ..................................................................................................... ii

Foreword ...............................................................................................................................iii
Scope .......................................................................................................................... 1
Classification of terms .................................................................................................. 1
Terms and definitions................................................................................................... 1
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STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved
11L003R0
Committee representation
Co-opted members:
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Automobile Association of Malaysia

Department of Environment
Department of Standards Malaysia
Malaysian Automotive Association
Malaysian Automotive Components Parts Manufacturers Association
Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research
Ministry of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and Consumerism
Ministry of International Trade and Industry
Motorcycle and Scooter Assemblers and Distributor Association of Malaysia
Polis Diraja Malaysia
PUSPAKOM Sdn Bhd
Road Safety Department Malaysia
Road Transport Department Malaysia
SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat)
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Industry Standards Committee on Road Vehicles (ISC L) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was
developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations:
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Motosikal dan Enjin Nasional Sdn Bhd

PERODUA Manufacturing Sdn Bhd
Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd
Angkatan Tentera Malaysia
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The Technical Committee on Vehicle Powertrain and Fuels Systems which developed this Malaysian Standard
consists of representatives from the following organisations:
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SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat)
SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd

Co-opted members:
Exedy (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
ii
11L003R0
Foreword
This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Vehicle Powertrain
and Fuels Systems under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Road Vehicles.
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Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
iii
11L003R0
Road vehicles - Clutches and brakes - Vocabulary

1
Scope
This Malaysian Standard specifies the fundamental terms and definitions of the clutches and
brakes for road vehicles.
Classification of terms
The classification of terms clutches and brakes shall be in accordance with the following:
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a) terms relating to types;

b) terms of components;
terms for actuations; and
c)
Terms and definitions
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d) terms for performances.
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For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
11L003R0
Terms related to types
Terms
Band brake
Strap brake
Definitions
Figures
The drum brake which exhibits functions by winding brake band around the
peripheral face of cylinder.
No.
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3.1
The mechanical element having functions to reduce and stop a moving body by the
reciprocal action of the moving body and a stationary body, or to maintain at standstill
conditions.
Centrifugal clutch
The clutch which performs engaging by utilising the centrifugal force.
Clutch
The mechanical element having functions of conducting transmission and

interception of power between the driving side and driven side being located on a
concentric axis.
Cone brake
The friction brake of which engaging face is conical shape.
Cone clutch
The friction clutch of which engaging face is conical shape.
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Brake
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STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 All rights reserved
Terms
Definitions
Figures
Disc brake
The friction brake of which engaging face is a circular disc.
Disc clutch
The friction clutch of which engaging face is a circular disc.
Double face single-disc

brake
The brake of which brake plate is one sheet and of which friction faces are two faces.
10
Double face single-disc

clutch
The clutch of which clutch plate is one sheet, and of which friction faces are two
faces.
11
Drum brake
The friction brake of which engaging face is cylindrical shape.
12
Drum clutch
The friction clutch of which engaging face is cylindrical shape.
13
Electromagnetic brake
The brake which exhibits functions by electromagnetic actuation.
14
Electromagnetic clutch
The clutch which exhibits functions by electromagnetic actuation.
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No.
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No.
Terms
Definitions
Figures
The brake which exhibits functions mainly by traction force.
16
Friction clutch
The clutch which performs engaging by traction force.
17
Gear clutch
The positive clutch (see 29) which performs engaging by an external gear and internal
gear.
18
Hydraulic brake
Braking system in which the control and energy are transmitted from the point of
application to the brake(s) by hydraulic actuation.
19
Hydraulic clutch
Clutch system in which the control and energy are transmitted by hydraulic actuation.
20
Jaw clutch
The positive clutch (see 29) which performs engaging by concave and convex parts of
angled shape, radial shape or else locating at confronting cylinder end faces.
21
Mechanical brake
The brake which exhibits functions by mechanical actuation.
22
Mechanical clutch
The clutch which exhibits functions by mechanical actuation.
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Friction brake
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Terms
Definitions
Figures
Multiple disc brake

(multi-disc brake)
The brake of which friction faces are two discs or more.
24
Multiple disc clutch

(multi-disc clutch)
The clutch of which friction faces are two discs or more.
25
Multiple tooth clutch
The positive clutch which performs engaging by multiple tooth parts located on
confronting cylinder end faces.
26
One way clutch
The clutch which transmits power only in one direction.
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No.
Over running clutch

Freewheeling clutch
Air brake
Braking system in which the control and energy are transmitted from the point of
application to the brake(s) by pneumatic actuation.
Pneumatic clutch
Clutch system in which the control and energy are transmitted by pneumatic actuation.
Air clutch
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28
Pneumatic brake
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11L003R0
Terms
29
Positive clutch
The clutch which performs engaging by mechanical interlocking.
30
Retarder
A device to assist braking for the purpose of reducing or restricting the velocity of a
vehicle.
31
Single disc brake
The brake of which friction face is one disc.
32
Single disc clutch
The clutch of which friction face is one disc.
33
Vacuum brake
The brake which exhibits functions by negative pressure of air.
34
Vacuum clutch
The clutch which exhibits functions by negative pressure of air.
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Terms for components
Figures
-
Auto-slack adjuster
The mechanism that automatically regulates the increase of the gap between the
friction faces due to wear. It is also called auto-adjuster, auto-gap adjuster or autoslack adjuster.
Brake band
An element to be wrapped around the brake drum for it to function.
Brake disc
A circular plate that allows the brake to function.
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Brake plate
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Auto-gap mechanism
Definitions
Terms
Brake drum
A cylinder shaped component that allows brake to function.
Brake lining
A friction material which is pressed against the drum or disc, respectively, to enhance
the friction force.
Brake pad
A friction material which is pressed against the disc to perform the braking.
Brake shoe
A drum brake component that consists brake lining assembly which actuated upon the
brake drum in order to perform braking.
Caliper
A mechanism used as an actuator to perform braking.
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No.
Figures
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3.2
Definitions
No.
Terms
Definitions
Figures
Clutch disc
A circular plate that allows the clutch to function.
Clutch plate
Clutch facing
The clutch lining surface side that is in contact with the disc face or cylinder end face to
engage the clutch.
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Clutch lining
A friction material which is pressed against the drum or disc, respectively, to enhance
the friction force.
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Lining pad
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Friction pad
12
Coil spring clutch
A kind of one way clutch, which allows the torque to transmit only in one direction by
means of the rolling-in of the coil shaped spring.
13
Sprag
The cocoon shaped component of the one way clutch, which allows the torque to
function lead-in only one direction.
14
Wrap spring
The spring which transmits and interrupts the torque, being assembled with the input
hub and output hub located on the concentric axis.
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No.
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3.3
Terms for function

No.
Terms
Definitions
Figures
-
Anti-lock braking
system (ABS)
System which automatically modulates the pressure producing the braking forces to
prevent the wheel from total halting of its rotational motion.
Engaging of clutch
The transmission of torque between the driven and driving side by the actuation of the
clutch.
Engaging process
An action of the transmission of torque between the driven and driving side by the
actuation of the clutch from the start of its operation until its completion.
Negative actuation
The clutch or brake actuates when the disengagement of the operation.
Positive actuation
The clutch or brake actuates during the engagement of the operation.
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Terms for performances

Terms
Definitions
Figures
Allowable braking
energy, allowable
braking work
The allowable friction energy when the braking is actuated by the friction brake.
Allowable continuous
heat dissipation
The allowable work rate when a continuous slipping actuated.
Allowable engaging
energy, allowable
engaging work
The allowable friction energy when the driving and driven side are interlocked.
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3.4
Terms
Definitions
Figures
Allowable normal
(surface) pressure for
friction material
The normal acting force generated on the friction face of the friction material.
Braking force
The force generated during braking.
deceleration
The slowing down of the vehicles motion due to the braking action.
Braking time
The time lapsed from a brake has been actuated until the movement is stopped, or the
time until the deceleration is completed.
Burst test
To determine the capability to withstand under normal condition or applied heat, with or
without load at certain cycles or duration.
Coefficient of dynamic
friction
The ratio of the friction to normal acting force generating on the contact face of
operating relative motion.
10
Coefficient of static
friction
11
Drag
The ratio of the friction to normal acting force generating on the contact face not from
operating relative motion.
May persist after the control device has returned to the release position.
12
Drag torque
Product of the frictional force resulting from the unwanted actuation force.
13
Dynamic friction
torque
The product of the frictional force generated on the contact face of operating relative
motion.
14
Effective friction radius
In a disc clutch, disc brake or the like, where a frictional force on one point at the
position in radial direction.
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Fade
The temporary degradation of braking effect due to the frictional heat or submersion of
friction face.
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10
No.
Terms
Definitions
Figures
The amount of capability to dissipate heat generated due to friction work and the like.
17
Static friction torque
The product of the frictional force generated on the contact face of not from operating
relative motion.
18
Shudder, grabbing
chatter
Vibrations and sounds, generated due to the reciprocal action in the system being
engaged with the friction faces thereof.
19
Slipping
The unwanted relative motion on the actuation faces of clutch and brake during
application.
20
Squeal
Vibratory sound generates on the friction faces.
21
Rated torque
The working limit of torque on the clutch and brake.
22
Release time
The time lapsed from the operating input for stopping the actuation until the
engagement, or braking is released.
24
Total build-up time,

engaging time of
clutch
The time lapsed from a clutch has been actuated until the torque transmission
achieved the stationary condition.
25
Wear rate of friction

material
An index for evaluating the wear resistant performance of friction material.
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Heat dissipation
capacity
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Acknowledgements
Members of Technical Committee on Vehicle Powertrain and Fuels Systems
SIRIM Berhad
Angkatan Tentera Malaysia
Expert
SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd
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Assoc Prof Dr Kamarul Baharin Tawi

(Chairman)
Ms Nik Aida Azura Nik Md Salleh (Secretary)
Lt Col Ir Mohd Hazani Shafie
Mr Mohd Shahabudin Omar
Mr Mohd Huzaini Haron
Mr Jusri Abu Rahman
Mr Zaidi Md Isa
Mr Azhari Che Hasan
Mr Mohd Fairuz Izani
Mr Mohd Faizar Mustafa
Co-opted members:
Exedy (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
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Mr Tan Kim Hoe/

Mr Daniel Soo
Mr Md Zainudin Mhapob
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DRAFT

STAGE : PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20)

Road vehicles - Clutches and brakes Vocabulary

Committee representation ..................................................................................................... ii

Classification of terms .................................................................................................. 1

Terms and definitions................................................................................................... 1

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

Automobile Association of Malaysia

Motosikal dan Enjin Nasional Sdn Bhd

Angkatan Tentera Malaysia

Automobile Association of Malaysia

Malaysian Automotive Association

PERODUA Manufacturing Sdn Bhd

Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd

SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

Road vehicles - Clutches and brakes - Vocabulary

a) terms relating to types;

Terms and definitions

d) terms for performances.

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

Terms related to types

The clutch which performs engaging by utilising the centrifugal force.

The mechanical element having functions of conducting transmission and

The friction brake of which engaging face is conical shape.

The friction clutch of which engaging face is conical shape.

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 All rights reserved

The friction brake of which engaging face is a circular disc.

The friction clutch of which engaging face is a circular disc.

Double face single-disc

Double face single-disc

The friction brake of which engaging face is cylindrical shape.

The friction clutch of which engaging face is cylindrical shape.

The brake which exhibits functions by electromagnetic actuation.

The clutch which exhibits functions by electromagnetic actuation.

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 All rights reserved

The brake which exhibits functions mainly by traction force.

The clutch which performs engaging by traction force.

The brake which exhibits functions by mechanical actuation.

The clutch which exhibits functions by mechanical actuation.

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 All rights reserved

Multiple disc brake

The brake of which friction faces are two discs or more.

Multiple disc clutch

The clutch of which friction faces are two discs or more.

Multiple tooth clutch

One way clutch

The clutch which transmits power only in one direction.

STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 All rights reserved

Over running clutch

The clutch which performs engaging by mechanical interlocking.

Single disc brake

The brake of which friction face is one disc.

Single disc clutch

The clutch of which friction face is one disc.

The brake which exhibits functions by negative pressure of air.

The clutch which exhibits functions by negative pressure of air.

Terms for components

An element to be wrapped around the brake drum for it to function.

A circular plate that allows the brake to function.

A cylinder shaped component that allows brake to function.

A mechanism used as an actuator to perform braking.