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Introduction to Computer Graphics

By:
Dr. Rajeev Srivastava, CSE

Textbook: Computer Graphics, Third Edition


By Hearn and Baker
Topics:
1. A survey of computer graphics
Computer-aided design
Education and training
Graphics user interface

Topics:
2. Overview of graphics systems
Video display devices: raster-scan & random scan
Input devices
Graphics software
3. Output primitives
Pointes and lines operations
Line algorithms
Circle generation algorithms
Polygon operations
Polygon filling
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More topics
4. Attributes of output primitives
Line attributes
Curve attributes
Character attributes
Antialiasing
5. Two-dimensional geometric transformation
Basic transformations: rotation, scaling, and translation
Matrix representation and Homogenous coordinate
systems
Composite transformations
Other transformations: reflection and shear
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6. Two-dimensional viewing
Window to view port coordinate transformations
Two-dimensional viewing functions
Clipping operations: line, point, polygon, and text
7. Three-dimensional concepts
Parallel and perspective projections
Depth cuing
Surface rendering
Visible line and surfaces
8. Three-dimensional transformations
Translations
Rotations
Scaling
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9. Three-dimensional viewing
Viewing coordinates
Transformations to viewing plane
General projection transformations
10. OpenGL will be utilized in this course

Why Computer graphics


Graphics is cool
I like to see what Im doing
I like to show people what Im doing
Graphics is interesting
Involves simulation, algorithms,
architecture
Almost no area in which graphical displays
cannot be used
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Why should we study Graphics?


Many of the
leading scientists
through the ages
have been visual
thinkers
Leonardo da
Vinci
Einstein
Clerk Maxwell
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Advanced graphics areas

Image processing
Rendering
Modeling
Animation

Image Processing
Image Representation
Sampling
Reconstruction
Quantization & Aliasing
Image Processing
Filtering
Warping
Morphing
Composition
Raster Graphics
Display devices
Color models
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Rendering: (light, perspective) generating


2D images of the objects
3D Rendering Pipeline
Modeling transformations
Viewing transformations
Hidden surface removal
Illumination, shading, and textures
Scan conversion, clipping
Hierarchical scene graphics
OpenGL
Global illumination
Ray tracing
Radiosity

OpenGL

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Modeling: creating and representing the


geometry of objects in the 3D world
Representations of geometry
Curves: splines
Surfaces: meshes, splines
Procedural modeling
Sweeps
Fractals
Grammars

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Animation: (movement) describing how


objects change in time
Keyframing
Kinematics
Articulated figures
Motion capture
Capture
Warping
Behaviors
Planning, learning, etc.

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Graphics Applications
Entertainment: Cinema

Pixar: Monsters Inc.

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Graphics Applications
Medical Visualization

The Visible Human Project

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MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project

Graphics Applications
Everyday Use

Microsofts OS uses graphics seriously


Graphics visualizations and debuggers
Visualize complex software systems

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Graphics Applications
Scientific Visualization

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Graphics Applications
Computer Aided Design (CAD)

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Curve and Surface Modeling


in Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
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Graphics
Applications
Entertainment: Games

GT Racer 3

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Polyphony Digital: Gran Turismo 3, A Spec

Information Visualization

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Relevant Disciplines
Analytic Geometry

Art and Graphic Design


Cognitive Science
Computer Engineering
Engineering Design
Education
Film
Human Factors

Linear Algebra
Numerical Analysis

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Image Synthesis Pipeline


Graphics
Database
Editing

Front-End
(Geometry Processing)

Graphics
Database

Back-End
Display
Traversal

Modeling
Transformation

Viewing
Operation

(Rasterization)
Visible-Surface
Determination
Scan Conversion
Shading /
Illumination

Image

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Impact of Computers
Power of a CPU doubles every 18 months / 2 years

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Impact of Video Games


Number of transistors on graphics processing unit (GPU)
doubles each 6 mos.

Col. Steve Austin


Worldwide
revenues

$7 Billion Man

$5.6 Billion Man

Retro flashback???
Lee Majors
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