Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ho
s
G
CS-602
20
15
Ar
jo
COMPUTER NETWORKS
Arjo Ghosh
CEO | PROGRAMWITHUS.COM
TRANSPORT LAYER
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
What is choke packet?
ho
s
Ar
jo
It can be used to check that data transmissions, in the form of packets, conform
to defined limits on bandwidth and burstiness (a measure of the unevenness or
variations in the traffic flow).
15
The Leaky Bucket Algorithm is based on, and gets its name from, an analogy of
a bucket that has a hole in the bottom through which any water it contains will
leak away at a constant rate, until or unless it is empty.
20
Water can be added intermittently, i.e. in bursts, but if too much is added at
once, or it is added at too high an average rate, the water will exceed the
capacity of the bucket, which will overflow.
Hence, this leaky bucket determines whether adding some amount of water
would exceed or conform to a limit on the average rate at which water can be
added, set by the leak rate, and a limit on how much water can be added in a
burst, set by the depth of the bucket.
DIAGRAM Page 258 MATRIX
CONCEPT OF OPERATION
A fixed capacity bucket, associated with each virtual connection or user,
leaks at a fixed rate.
CS-602
ARJO GHOSH
ho
s
There are many parameters to describe the QoS of voice traffic. Such as:
Error ratio
Ar
jo
15
What is congestion?
20
A state occurring in part of a network when the message traffic is so heavy that
it slows down network response time.
CS-602
ARJO GHOSH
Ar
jo
ho
s
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
UDP is a connectionless protocol.
15
20
FLOW CONTROL
CONGESTION CONTROL
Flow control is an end to end Congestion control is a mechanism
mechanism that controls the traffic that is used by a network to control
between a sender and a receiver, congestion in the network.
when a fast sender is transmitting
data to a slow receiver.
CS-602
ARJO GHOSH
ho
s
CNCS-77 Organizer
Give the argument why the leaky bucket should allow just
one packet per tick, independent of how large the packet is.
Short Note
Ar
jo
20
15
CS-602
ARJO GHOSH
(i)
(ii)
ho
s
FALSE BOTH*
Ar
jo
15
4-way handshaking of
associated with TCP Protocol
connection
establishment
20
is
Transport Layer.
CS-602
ARJO GHOSH