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A

SEMINAR REPORT
ON

SOLAR POWER PLANT


Submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree
of
BACHLORE OF TECHNOLOGY
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted to

Manjeet Kumar

(HOD Deptt. Of Mechanical Engg.)

11EAEME737

AIET, Alwar

Department of Mechanical Engineering


ALWAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY ALWAR (RAJ)

Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to pay our sincerest gratitude to our respected teachers for their invaluable support
and constructive suggestion beside all pains he took for the successful finalization of our
project
A special note of thanks to Mr. Anil Kumar Mahawar (HOD Deptt. of ME) for unique way
of inspiring students through clarity of thought, enthusiasm and caring and for providing
necessary resources.
My special thanks go to my friends for giving me support and encouragement and for
everything else.

Manjeet Kumar

ABSTRACT
Generally, solar panels are stationary and do not follow the movement of the sun. Here is a
solar tracker system that tracks the suns movement across the sky and tries to maintain the
solar panel perpendicular to the suns rays, ensuring that the maximum amount of sunlight is
incident on the panel throughout the day. The solar tracker starts following the sun right from
dawn, throughout the day till evening, and starts all over again from the down next day.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page

Acknowledgement

ii

Abstract

iii

Index

iv-v

List Of Figures

vi

CONTENTS
S.NO. PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

Table of Contents
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

1-3

1.1

SOLAR POWER PLANT

1.2

NEED OF SOLAR POWE PLANT

1.3

PROBLEM DEFINITION

1.4

MOTIVATION

CHAPTER-2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

4-5

2.1

CIRCUIT OVERVIEW

2.2

MAJOR PARTS

CHAPTER-3 WORKING OF SOLAR CELL

6-9

CHAPTER-4 COMPONENTS SPECIFICATION

10-29

4.1

RESISTORS

10

4.2

VARIABLE RESISTORS

13

4.3

CAPACITORS

14

4.4

DIODES

16

4.5

ZENER DIODES

18

4.6

TRANSISTORS

20

4.7

LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR (LDR)

25

4.8

LM339 IC

26

4.9

L293D

28

CHAPTER-5 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

30-32

5.1

ADVANTAGES

30

5.2

DISADVANTAGES

31

CHAPTER-6 APPLICATIONS

33-34

CONCLUSION

35

REFERENCES

36

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG. NO.

FIG. NAME

PAGE NO.

Fig. 1

Solar Tracking system for solar plants

Fig. 2

Circuit Diagram of Solar Tracking System

Fig. 3
Fig. 4

The Solar Cell


This animation comprises five images, which change

6
6

every 6 seconds
Fig. 5

The equivalent curcuit and I-V charecteristic of a solar

cell compared to a diode


Fig. 6

The efficiency (n) of a solar cell is defined as the

power Pmax supplied by the cell at the maximum


power point under standa
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig.11

Polycrystalline PV cells connected in a solar panel.


Resistor

9
10

Standard Variable Resistor


Polarized Capacitor
Unpolarised Capacitor

13
14
15

Fig. 12

Diodes

16

Fig. 13

Characteristic of Silicon Diode

17

Fig. 14

Zener Diode

18

Fig. 15

Transistor

20

Fig. 16

Transistor circuit symbols

21

Fig. 17

A simple circuit diagram to show the labels of a npn

22

bipolar transistor
Fig. 18

Amplifier circuit, common-emitter configuration with

23

a voltage-divider bias circuit


Fig. 19

LDR

23

Fig. 20

LM339 IC

26

Fig. 21

LM339 IC pin Diagram

27

Fig. 22

L293D

28

Fig. 23

L293D pin Diagram

29

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