Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Me
Edited
The
Series
Quarter-Centennial
Tangere
Craig
Austin
by
Philippines
A
Century
BY
Hence
Jose
Manila
Philippine
Rizal
Education
34
Escolta
1912
Company
Copyright
1912
Austin
Craig
BY
Registered
in
the
Philippine
(on
999132
Islands.
Intr
Introduction.
As
published
originally
was
fortnightly
review
through
running
1889,
It
and
and
the
Mr.
Charles
its
the
issues
and
Filipino
of
from
Madrid,
September,
"The
Social
"The
has
Greed"
those
English
by
fortunately
his
in
of
Reign
into
is
given
who
Me
Filibusterismo",
"El
here
"Noli
novel
great
sequel
Derbyshire
rendered
so
pily
hap-
masterpieces
Rizal.
The
reference
President
had
Harrison
that,
because
natives'
of
natural
in
the
mind
blundering,
a
groundless
rights,
makes
Rizal
Doctor
which
of-his-grandfather's
the
Solidaridad",
translation
Cancer"
of
"La
Rizal's
supplements
Tangere"
the
in
serially
article
this
Afios",
1890.
January,
to
deCien
dentro
"Filipiiias
grandson-
wavering
fear
put
of
his
to
policy
infringing
country
in
INTRODUCTION
10
false
the
exploitation,
along
with
taking
international
by
that
the
In
with
republic
its
and
resulted
became
warning
against
and
became
of
fairer
of
to
rational
ir-
altruism.
international
and
history
agreement
dis-
could
disillusioned,
Washington's
recalled
party
by
agreement"
with
entanglements
a
into
American
modern
of
student
tardily
be
would
until, disefusted
States
United
greedy
of
acclaimed
of
cause
any
trous
disased
achiev-
was
international
"the
that
America
triumph
example
an
constant
of
story
preponderating
was
as
that
foretold,
powers
which
too,
unhampered.
scheme
as
the
by
republic
the
diplomats
acting
the
day
abnegation
have
created
monarchies
idealists
It
told
has
agreement
two
alliance
than
England.
flattering unsophisticated
believing
an
and
dissembling
the
Europe
in
leonine
condition
unhappy
Samoa's
in
portion,
the
Stevenson
Louis
share
to
wanting
Germany
Eobert
the
of
light
real
foreign
partition,
11
INTRODUCTION
was
compensated
parts
of
already
what
it
seven
years
as
her
old,
There
for
their
their
under
and
would
alliance"
for
or
the
"great
diplomats
nonentities
would
still
of
the
in
be
States,
United
Holland,
republic"
should
"Great
world
outvoted.
rule
Powers"
politics,
by
tion
neutraliza-
the
pelago
Archi-
the
of
life.
Their
"entangling
with
six
and
China
be
"
suffer
another
mean
including
nine
forced
German
his
gave
the
to
unpractical
of
agreement
Rizal
the
now
rest
start.
themselves
seeking
are
which
success
ungentle
not
by international
for
stripe
the
and
mistakes,
the
discouragedathaving
under
victims
the
bearing
Philippine
same
twenty-
took
from
planned
"given"
was
cession
other
in
States
Germany
"
not
philanthropists,
Samoans
held
the
that
the
United
this
is
incident
the
had
emperor
England
part.
concessions
with
world,
the
lamb's
the
playing
time
this
but
with
if
Spain,
by
allowed
to
allies,
invite
whom
the
these
she
12
INTRODUCTION
Rizal's
factor
the
reference
the
in
Philippines'
of
prediction
Jagor,
who
months
in
America
to
future
German
the
about
the
as
spent
later
observations,
supplemented
by
further
in
"Travels
as
title
the
poor
better
by
Spanish
Ateneo
de
Paciano
Rizal
Jose
himself
Father
the
by
Rizal's
the
from
hopes
the
which
prophecy
life.
for
the
of
Cavite
furnishes
His
policy
industrial
very
much
in
and
the
by
younger
blighted
for
teacher,
tion.
insurrec-
explanation
of
use
transferred
alleged
the
"
his
beloved
his
to
the
and
been
seums,
mu-
supplied
directed
had
of
and
student
copy
education
execution
in
his
years
read
who
Mercado
public
countrymen
while
version
ten
translation,
Rizal
of
published
Philippines",
way.
Manila,
Burgos,
Jagor's
the
English
political
brother's
to
the
of
one,
in
Feodor
libraries
European
upon
number
and
study
based
is
traveller
1860
Islands
possible
preparing
commercial
to
his
INTRODUCTION
competition
this
in
with
done
reading
but
years
tragic public
private
in
Jagor,
his
friends,
events
the
had
enabled
with
that
foretells
develop
Morga's
1
609)
to
painted
was
the
the
morrow's
his
History
sketchod
of
future
its
the
the
history
condition
observer
that
of
for
then
its
fast
progress
fortune
to
foretell
meteorologist
weather.
Noli
in
which
El
to
republished
He
past.
and
tried
Rizal
acumen
(first published
present,
the
the
countrymen.
their
recall
became
knowledge
with
and
geographer
the
trained
political
their
tional
sensa-
Professor
met
how
certainty
same
in
in
contact
with
as
admirer
true
acquaintance
the
close
well
Rizal
brilliant
which
like
Doctor
bringing
and
youth
through
discussing
Philippines
was
distinguished
but
often
was
he
as
inspiration
its
sorrows.
the
youthful
fact
events
Berlin,
and
had
when
in
mature
When
have
to
seems
13
Mexico
in
Me
in
Tangere
Filibusterismo
continuance
upon
14
INTRODUCTION
their
then
and
of
to
year,
previous
being
the
mainly
censors'
criticism.
Eizal
and
countrymen
divided
land
their
points
came
an
united
death,
the
fact
differences
hope
as
recognize
the
that
to
that
to
the
extracts
voiced
the
Philippines,
in
the
that
difference
both
him
cited
were
and
hero
cease
there
since
Now,
American
properly
his
and
and
his
insular
makes
sible
pos-
based
misunderstandings
the
in
themselves
among
continental
may
his
agreed
were
their
in
of
these
disappeared
as
his
their
elements
all
one
of
aspirations
different
the
print,
from
recognized
details
that
to
come
Philippines.
look
the
by
vital, dissension
not
Americans
of
issue
had
which
upon
were
in
as
native
essentials
that
life
in
initial
planned
which
writings
possiblities,
misunderstanding
the
correct
Philippines
other
the
Rizal
known
Jose
the
been
which
ten
"The
suggests
have
to
sepms
series
Hence"
Century
bring.
innst
course
on
pinos
Fili-
when
Government
approached,
is will-
INTRODUCTION
iug
to
and
when
of
people
with
so
wounded
Rizal
better
may
Rizal
Americans
the
there
only
that
of
little
even
were
knowledge
accomplish
ant,
import-
democracy,
salve
the
to
would
Eizal
as
the
that
unaccustomed
some
amor
considered
understand
Philippines,
discussions
frank
if
all
grant
15
asked
for
be
of
tent
con-
Spain
their
tingly
unwit-
i^roino.
of
this
the
writings
desirable
of
mation.
consum-
Jose
"I
do
write
not
other
for
If
generation.
this
for
could
this
they
read
ages.
me,
burn
would
work
the
books,
the
these
other
my
hand,
generation
the
will
writings
life.
whole
of
my
On
ing:
writam
be
which
educated
interprets
they
generation;
an
will
the
night-time
all
asleep
say:
me
in
'Not
and
understand
were
grandparents'."
of
our
7756
"
Philosopher
'Tasio,
in
Noli
Me
Tangere.
Prophecy
The
Prompted
which
RizAL's
Preparation
Policy
of
Philippines
FOR
THE
Prophecy
jAGOR's
This
of
is
fxtract
in
"Reisen
Berlin
old
the
of
can
and
Every
is
and
reforms.
foreign
ideas
self
and
of
afforded
blow
to
more
the
of
the
will
old
the
foreign
customs
troduced,
in-
are
ment,
enlighten-
prosperity,
respect
for
direction
the
in
and
secluded
kept
The
the
impatiently
be
made
liberal
increasing
more
of
possible
facility
step
great
and
capital
Jagor:
conditions
changed
intercourse
broad
longer
no
longer
no
world.
commercial
system,
F.
ron
time.
colony
from
the
with
present
"The
is
situation
maintenance,
the
PhiUppinen
den
:"fti7-289
r\
187.
"The
Pages
from
translated
population,
the
be
evils
existing
endured.
"England
unconcernedly
are
united
does
and
can
the
to
to
the
open
world.
mother
her
The
possessions
British
country
onies
col-
by
the
20
JAGOR'S
bond
of
mutual
of
advantage,
material
raw
and
the
by
organization
world
the
most
least
would
which
houses,
to
is
It
which
Spain,
property,
it to
any
and
useful
and
the
disregard
of
States,
of
causes
same
but
powerful
United
downfall
the
without
the
business
political
as
an
of
power
at
memberment
dis-
with
different
colony
monopolies
insolent
for
are
ed
inherit-
turning
account.
"Government
castes
by
eigners
for-
the
affected,
be
entirely
the
possesses
all
English
extent,
so
with
possessions
scarcely
marked
any
is
commerce
nearly
for
agents
part
English
England
her
that
capital,
for
of
British
the
in
English
same
of
complete,
so
even
the
the
wealth
The
the
of
of
production
viz., the
means
exchange
manufactures.
great,
PROPHECY
the
and
rigorously
Creoles,
the
were
and
monopolies
have
to
the
said
half-
the
example
reasons
possessions.
ruin
1
the
chief
American
threaten
of
neglect
ed,
maintain-
of
of
the
The
Philippines;
enough.
22
JAGOR'S
come
into
alone
is
direct
together;
China,
with
cultivable
three
times
the
future
present
baffles
the
the
the
human
"The
the
shores
Atlantic
for
world
our
fall
of
traffic.
the
commerce,
of
the
world
it
as
of
Ocean
When
first
with
may
of
the
the
be
at
probably
have
when
earth.
the
the
justment
ad-
and
hand,
one
of
all
necessity
that
on
power
problem."
confined
was
sufficed
the
at
really
the
time
one
of
shores
sounds
world
to
and
Mediterranean;
trade
almost
support
ancients
Oceans
re-echoed
Pacific
America,
intercourse
surplus
the
Indian
and
race;
The
the
on
on
the
of
bounds
immeasurable
great
shall
narrow
consequences
the
world
the
Pacific
will
labor-power
other,
the
in
powers
correspondingly
the
to
all calculations.
between
for
human
of
population
role
important
more
her
enough
entire
other
two
within
soil
Russia's
of
of
which
Russia,
divisions
two
which
third
intercourse:
than
greater
contains
PROPHECY
of
and
said
the
to
the
active
tory
hishave
PROPHECY
JAGOR'S
besrun.
A
whereas
made;
not
ocean
visited
places
but
and
on
the
is
to
ranking
"But
in
western
of
the
the
assert
Americans
germ
itself
As
by
its
the
to
the
conquerors
capital
of
the
great
colonies
called
upon
Spaniards
of
to
the
Sea,
republic
will
not
to
bring
its full
fail
The
also.
New
the
influence
South
Philippines
be
already
seaports.
the
the
from
commerce
over
of
divided
extends
which
which,
flourishing
greatest
the
as
Spanish
in
appear
planted
and
America
the
over
ever
ness,
wilder-
with
cities,
world's
spell
ensnaring
had
unknown
an
and
elements
American
exercises
to
of
year.
ship
covered
proportion
coast
once
the
was
now
the
among
only
exception
railway,
versed
tra-
with
towns
by
sea
waters,
country
coast,
which
mense
im-
wonderful
ago,
years
prosperous
sea
that
California,
of
scarcely
the
ago
waste
points
1769
to
twenty-five
few
wide
been
has
long
very
one
both
1603
direction
that
so
was
from
From
in
start
23
the
opment.
devel-
World,
24
PROPHECY
JAGOR'S
the
ot
representatives
contradistinction
the
with
and
had
sword.
since
that
which
could
during
Spanish
ensued
after
Spanish
direct
through
privileged
drain
feeble
her
her
so
forces
America
from
forward,
are
and
power
much
the
element
soil, free
the
less
long
from
all
of
draws
all lands;
and
through
itself
and
the
these
restlessly
ther
fur-
extending
The
the
the
to
besides,
to
trammels,
escape
colonies
metropolis
influence.
ican.
Amer-
them
(with,
the
run,
the
continually
which
the
over
exhausts
and
best
its
energetic
pushing
will
of
the
appropriation
classes,
either
anarchy
prevail
former
population),
most
on
the
In
it.
cannot
system
the
has,
and
anticipated
during
or
from
and
While
the
rule
America
importance
an
been
have
not
and
cross
States,
attained
occurred,
the
where
with
United
the
follow
they
pioneer
way
in
citizens
part of Spanish
considerable
to
the
the
opened
free
of
nobility,
of
plow
belongs
already
the
to
axe
Spaniards
body
Philippines
influence
of
the
JAGOR'S
two
the
islands
of
for
too
thus
training
for
active,
have
dreamed
that
the
be
soon
far
has
in
success
most
away
here
as
inconsiderate
their
facts,
sufficiently
contest
youth."
in
tion
condi-
desirable
seems
opinions
not
tlie
are
It
realized
neither
since
metropolis
equilibrium.
natives
not
empires,
their
nor
stable
the
shall
them
neighboring
great
2;j
PROPHECY
with
expressed
for
their
prepared
those
peoples;
less,
rest-
th^y
The
A
Philippines
Century
Hence
The
Philippines
Hence
Century
1.
OLLOWING
the
squarely
questions
the
bring
article
In
to
necessary
for
the
terms
what
to
Spanish
wars
people,
of
be
of
people,
its
and
past,
reduced
in
it
is
this,
general
and
in
they
the
had
efforts
of
these
attached
been
they
ambitions
and
book
may
than
crown
and
present
follows.
had
blood
the
in
destiny
the
Philippines,
Scarcely
their
the
open
frankness
future.
their
read
to
without
our
shall
we
us,
of
treat
order
that
consequences
upon
delicate
and
Philippines,
the
to
facing
of
custom
difficult
most
relating
weighing
may
usual
our
conquest
struggles,
their
of
in
the
with
sustain
to
of
to
sons
the
the
Spanish
that
terrible
when
crisis
PHILIPPINES
THE
32
its
beliefs
laws,
Philippines
the
confidence
without
without
for
hope
faith
in
the
years
had
who
and
them
endeavored
dead
tree,
them
the
perhaps
masters,
past,
like
liberty
hoping
to
new
era
fond
no
rulers
fear
the
secure
habituated
from
leaves
liad
who
people,
what
knew
nor
their
subjects,
fell
servitude,
and
to
morphosis,
meta-
former
The
their
poverishe
im-
their
with
and
come.
of
to
in
present
to
submission
by
for
love
no
easily changed
was,
by
something
gain
innovation.
the
Then
began
They
gradually
their
recollections
their
learn
not
their
merely
in
caught
"
and
depopulated,
were
retarded
and
ment,
govern-
religion
customs,
usages,
of
its form
chaiij^es
people
HENCE
CENTURY
songs,
by
lost
their
other
heart
understand,
from
poetry,
those
their
forgot
their
doctrines,
other
traditions,
ancient
their
they
"
Filipinos.
the
for
ethics,
inspired
in
writings,
in
laws,
which
other
their
order
they
tastes,
race
by
to
did
ferent
diftheir
THE
PHILIPPINES
climate
was
and
their
their
distinctively
praise
their
what
Thus
rites
shows,
language,
that
of
the
it
with
already
what
was
admire
to
they
and
acquiesced.
Religious
on
the
altogether,
eye,
lights^
songs,
gold, worship
in
strange
miracles
and
naturally
superstitious
but
country,
afterwards
of
rolled
caught
legends,
the
their
in
incomprehensible:
and
centuries
there
arrayed
images
and
33
Then
lowered
order
in
foreign
and
years
thinking.
ashamed
broken
was
HENCE
were
own,
was
spirit
they
became
they
eyes,
CENTURY
of
way
fallingoff,
own
did
in
succeed
not
of
spite
and
developed
notized
hyp-
sermons,
in
the
whole
spirit
ing
destroysystem
with
operated
yielding
un-
tenacity.
When
had
the
reached
ethical
this
ducing
made
was
so
stage,
and
disheartened
effort
abasement
nothingness,
add
order
make
inhabitants
had
become
themselves,
final
wills
to
the
they
with
the
dormant
in
when
disgusted
to
many
of
stroke
and
of
for
intellects
the
individual
an
re.
to
34
PHILIPPINES
THE
of
sort
toiler,
develop
to
end
the
sought
the
granted,
made
who
trying
there
only
deny
Then
which
this
death
endurance
His
sensitiveness,
the
was
touched,
while
to
suffer
it not
study
was
acteristic,
charand
ests
pri-
further
the
also
when
with
himself
had
by
not
country
the
even
dency
ten-
the
and
and
dying
heroic
die
they
insults
and
he
had
under
woke
of
the
had
served
he
and
jests.
to
realize
the
foreign
whom
persons
climax
spirit
trait
be
remedy.
its
lethargic
chief
would
thought
reached
insults, and
sacrifices
for
human
Some
by
the
had
of
but
they
health
to
great
to
effort
still
salvation.
sure
was
restored
So
an
writers
even
natives
virtue
taken
vice.
to
are
for
was
every
movement
the
to
capacity
were
the
pushed
to
virtue,
it every
and
it
insulted,
was
Then
heart.
or
revealed,
was
race
deny
to
mind
and
burden,
of
beast
without
race
brute,
HENCE
CENTURY
Then
his
with
to
life.
native,
ance
forbear-
flag,
repaid
he
he
his
began
misfortune.
PHILIPPINES
THE
Those
had
who
despotic
death,
regarded
thus
endeavoring
with
sorrow
and
blood,
they
like
all
every
wrong
it
punished
stifle
to
.'io
result,
as
and
protest,
every
HENCE
this
expected
not
masters,
complaint,
CENTURY
with
of
cry
every
made
mistake
after
not
thereby
cowed,
mistake.
The
and
hearts,
few
the
when
flame
it
fan
blow,
each
not
lacking
the
dominant
cowardly
blast
to
abrses
classes
certain
fear
garment,
and
more,
the
from
and
generous
race
humanity
ones
all this
during
Undoubtedly
of
thanks
Thus
sentiments.
more
is
surely
and
fusion
con-
each
and
bellows
to
life.
it into
rights
only
in
was
of
generous
catches
propagate
shake,
nevertheless
endeavors
and
noble
awakened
propagated,
stupid
stifle
to
was
been
flame
its
consumingly
and
people
it had
though
even
and
the
spirit of
among
that
noble
tried
and
time
to
spirits
struggle
justice,
the
there
dominated
or
sordid
that
were
among
for
the
and
aided
36
debasement
the
PHILIPPINES
THE
of
and
exceptions
were
their
CENTURY
are
both
But
country.
own
we
HENCE
speaking
in
general
past.
We
know
terms.
8uch
their
is
the
Spanish
Will
kind
what
Will
hands
for
of
live
to
of
be
And
other
nations,
all
of
both
according
covered.
When
life
and
of
people,
movement!
reply
to
them
how
this
mother
the
from
fall
to
the
into
themselves
ally
to
stage,
made?
be
to
or
powers?
answered,
condition,
or
with
Spain,
have
independently,
impossible
to
will
colony?
of
reach
to
separated
neighboring
is
of
be
to
kind
what
be?
future
continue
province
sacrifices
they
country
It
autonomy?
without
with
become
they
if so,
and
their
will
Islands
Philippine
colony,
their
what
Now,
present.
Will
of
outline
an
to
there
much
is
less
beings
So
yi"s
the
these
to
and
no
in
nature
must
there
that
to
be
order
be
fixed
no
with
in
be
may
desired
time
endowed
it is
questions,
in
the
mobility
to
deal
II.
"\
/"HAT
Had
this
when
ago,
ofP,
yoke
over
have
the
death
doubt
been
of
the
the
descendants
Gat
Salakab
independence
of
the
of
was
in
vain
and,
of
assured,
those
querable
uncon-
within
Magalats,
Gat
heroic
the
enthusiastic
nourished
the
Province
it
the
to
and
Pulintang
of
was
it
reply
the
to
country,
shake
to
spirit
who
spirit
pinos
Fili-
undeceived
To
easy.
liberty
centuries
whatsoever
Kagayanes
themselves
to
Malayan
the
tried
heavy,
any
three
gradually
be
to
without
would
continue
they
asked
been
Legazpi's
at
the
Will
question
began
finding
in
with-
Philippines
the
colony?
Spanish
of
century?
ba
become
will
merely
Batangas,
ques-
PHILIPPINES
THE
42
But
effort.
experience,
only
extend
neck
beneath
with
the
the
At
but
of
and
that
discerns
three
accustomed
generation,
better
adapted
Now,
then,
condition
For
to
are
they
the
of
the
begotten
the
native
the
chains,
order
new
the
Philippines
three
were
liberal
in
Filipinos
remains
have
amid
winter
of
neck
his
the
the
not
had
and
each
of
come
be-
new
constantly
was
things.
in
the
same
ago?
centuries
Spaniards
people
the
yoke,
the
to
watches
who
justified pessimism
passed,
centuries
his
future
outlines
the
discord
time
the
long
it
bow
chains,
the
itself, and
invalid
an
lower
in
accept
foresees
he
snows
grave.
"
fall
and
yoke
the
the
to
resignation
leaves
whose
hands
his
order,
dis-
the
disunion
presented
answer
one
and
in
and
sad
by
discord
brutalization
and
ed
determin-
disillusioned
everywhere
saw
HENCE
making
who,
discouragement
classes,
was:
him
for
apathy
upper,
and
getting together
of
tion
CENTURY
ethical
same,
advanced;
tion
condithat
for
is,
the
THE
PHILIPPINES
friars
and
their
redeemed
froni
and
good
aside
Laying
get
then
and
so
Let
us
feel
may
only
motives
the
two
flaunted
or
of
the
let
Spain;
the
gratitude;
slavery
so
let
at
not
as
draw
us
situation
order
in
that
time
many
hatred
to
be
can
we
three
spark
see
between
nation
domi-
of
centuries
single
exist
assertions
the
in
moment,
there
that
admit
may
jealousy
awakened
native
Filipinos
for
suppose
and
us
that
not
and
us
the
loyalty
writers,
let
races;
have
heart
possible
over
for
by
into
present,
at
Spanish
with
along
the
all
versa.
pass
for
falls
political
the
not
vice
spirit
decay
subject,
our
situation
was
or
now,
have
considerations,
between
the
if what
see
these
parallel
brief
they
retrograded.
from
away
been
ethics,
as
that
people
have
is, they
to
of
qualities
that
decayed,
have
customs
is,
Filipinos
many
have
people
that
savagery,
for
progressed;
the
followers
43
HENCE
CENTURY
the
of
whether
sensitive
affection
or
not
44
the
Spanish
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
THE
gained
has
cause
HENCE
in
ground
the
Islands.
the
among
three
hundred
neighboring
British
by
Japanese,
and
violent
always
dependent
were
disturbances
the
Islands,
upon
trade.
infested
Spanish
or
and
one
Then
with
name,
which
the
frail
was
fleet, generally
when
south,
not
wars
against
harassed
tribe
some
in
with
the
Mexico
difficult; frequent
the
life
ruling
the
among
nearly
treasury
of
that
seas
in
all
colonists
the
ship
pirates,
the
long
in
the
and
the
about
among
ceaselessly
and
whom
of
also
in
rare
soldiers,
scattered
were
occupied
the
empty,
Chinese
slow,
upheld
many
communication
was
in
powers
most,
but
Chinese,
Then
Spain
of
and
Dutch,
and
and
handful
Mohammedans
the
interior
at
nations,
the
against
was
Islands
the
in
only
not
authority
a
trade
in
engaged
were
by
natives
five
to
Spanish
the
Formerly
handled
those
the
regions
of
enemies
defended
manned
by foreigners
by
by
and
an
rude
the
provised
im-
venturers
ad-
enemies,
46
PHILIPPINES
THE
glance
of
another
presages
people: delicacy
sensitive
with
his,
from
sake
the
of
scientific,
the
word
least
all
forgets
in
treasure
slight
So
he
the
during
and
his
their
his
thinks
or
wounds
memory
has
contact
ideals
Filipino
nature,
his
labor
and
never
name,
conceit,
the
times
some-
but
he
self-love
expended,
forget
at
to
the
received.
peoples
centuries,
independence,
of
welfare,
other
some
sacrifices,
Philippine
three
of
inant
predom-
Malayan
or
are
is
have
liberty, ease,
"
which
he
spite
who
the
see
aspiration
an
in
now,
we
everything
sacrifice
of sentiment
nations,
occidental
different
for
Even
them.
the
Avith
far
nature,
particular,
in
Malays
the
and
Orientals,
ethical
an
are
transcendental.
and
powerful
more
considerations
of
invisible,
arising others,
least,
at
suzerainty.
tranquil
and
material
the
above
But
centuries,
three
domination
peaceful
HENCE
CENTURY
have
giving
sometimes
ful
faith-
remained
up
their
liberty
dazzled
by
THE
the
PITILIPPINKS
of
hope
cajoled by
and
the
the
Paradise
also
compelled
they
were
because
and
invading
the
intestine
in
discord
and
and
subject
feuds
the
fact
thus
later
that
the
not
people
saw
their
beside
the
the
nor
to
Spain,
love
their
of
neither
then
of the
peacemaker
both
the
it
attachment
and
self-love
character,
fatherland,
and
the
officers
and
fidelity
the
the
Then
in
general
to
of
wounded.
was
of
dissensions,
Spain
ties
par-
authority.
countrymen
heroes
consideration;
the
sensitive
own
army,
to
mutual
been
advantage
established,
once
yet
laurels, begrudged
his
vested
in-
sometimes
or
took
as
which
spirits
dominate
to
to
of
timid
in
thanks
their
had
of
step
noble
sometimes
arms
character,
them
to
native
ranks
of
47
by
Spanish,
foreigner
to
firmly maintained,
people,
them
which
domination
Spanish
sometimes
the
mysterious
promised,
by superiority
of
the
like
ignorant
with
HENCE
offered
friendship
people
generous
CENTURY
higher
ing
fighttheir
sharing
reputation
attachment
made
of
the
48
THE
PHILIPPINES
the
English
invented
the
insult
and
to
in
phrase,
and
governmental
the
blood
its
for
considered
whole
defend
who
dared
An
the
for
providing
religious
in
flagrant
was
the
early
abuses
This
appear
to
offend
to
reply
or
Augustinian
soldier
set
have
who
over
and
legal
anuals
to
cloisters
as
trict
dis-
the
duty
and
protection
is
arrangement
Philippine
that
tlie
tribute
with
it
was
their
was
collect
people
instruction.
did
service
to
of
Spanish
faithful
power
nor
out
religious hypochondriac
were
it, as
al,
approv-
poured
witty
leisure
against
encomendero
reward
and
name,
there
with
published
forbidden
if
the
stereotyped
in
ecclesiastical
or
was
in
write
to
with
of
nolile
itself; and
have
it become
Spanish
which
race,
and
had
paid, fought
either
laborious
then
superior
the
epithets
leaders
books
been
yet
native
and
that
people
most
slander
newspapers
not
the
of
not
had
during
as
ridiculous
the
recently
stigmatized;
fashion
there
and
insulting
HENCE
general,
even
then
achievraents
painful
been
and
invasion;
which
with
encomendero
native,
CENTURY
chiefly
characterized
rable
memo-
for
the
it.
THE
PHILIPPINES
Gaspar
their
de
San
still
with
abortions
less
and
such
raised
neither
as
we
alization
are
and
of
divinity
be
finally
The
in
priests
domination
with
it and
of
into
that
made
in
saw
wishing
the
people,
common
with
cause
rncomendero.s.
confidence
followed
their
advice,
and
listened
so
in
made
the
defense
his
Throne.
cry
of
reach
And
the
they
rights
to
even
not
few
work
may
in
it
touch
against
ihe
and
learning
its
If
had
Naturally,
greater
hours.
brut-
establish
to
got
placed
darkest
of
caricature.
and
the
it
time
artisans
prestige
in
that
beautiful
certain
epoch,
them
True
necessarily
most
of
over
oppressive
people
hands
converted
their
the
the
the
liirht,
rewarded
of
have
us,
the
centuries
obscurantism
isi
Velarde,
ottices.
natives
three
upon
Jesnit
saw
hifjh
the
now:
influence
some
the
themselves
to
were
HENCE
never
they
were
miters
is that
and
A"^ustin
loathsome
and
CENTURY
of
the
to
in
them,
tliem
even
native
distant
priests,
did
they
wrote,
the
some
both
and
steps
secular
of
50
PHILIPPINES
THE
and
regular, undertook
of
representatives
the
with
strict
of
required
rather
all
All
consoled
the
has
penetrates
heart
the
feuds
has
of
council
acts
his
was
on
the
so
as
The
derisive
to
of
office
by the
soverei^rn
"the
fertle
and
author
ancient
quite
The
the
his
shaic
protec-
Islands
at
successor
all
into
them.
refers
justice."
the
(This
and
to
the
or
recrimination
of
old
people
former
inquired
aptly
it
the
away
ap})roved
of
source
it
affront
general
its
until
and
immunity
wiped
leave
the
into
suffers
the
in
allowed
term
and
provinces.
administration
his
residencia
further
was
appointed
of
only
more
has
race,
confidence
official
expiration
the
different
among
No
in
were
poison
pays
sore,
whole
longer
no
mortal
who
common
to
awa^'.
offensive
offered
ficial,
of-
wounded
the
it
though
like
native
more
enjoys.
pacified
passed
laughter
becomes
the
from
insignificant
most
even
then
powers,
and
along
this,
residencia
as
malcontents.
this
of
the
journeys,
and
countr}-,
public
to
spirits, satisfying,
form,
the
governing
captain-general
HENCE
dangerous
and
the
CENTURY
it
taliation,
re-
little
PHILIPPINKS
THE
tors,
masks
and
its
now
of
piety
the
of
devotion
and
wages
it
but
grow
and
growth,
a
existing
does
that
she
The
rage!
begins
in
to
and
as
into
if he
the
later
possible
without
obey
it is
church,
it
of
to
she
way;
of
enough
harassed
and
ideas
for
ficient
suf-
of
his
have
liberty
official,
one
admitting
obligations
thereby
of
holy
successor,
lose
to
into
becomes
order
the
its
the
shown
Torre,
to
nmke
flies
justice,
his
seen
stunt
confusion
citizen
matter
recent
subject
every
the
cause
the
to
of
government
home;
his
in
the
it
La
like
governor-general,
crime
nourish
regard
the
prevail;
to
has
disappeared;
has
residencia,
it
show
her
drawing
on
poisons
ancient
where,
else-
weakness,
slightest protest
the
at
the
expense;
not
love
live
to
eternal
go
its
at
she
that
only
not
unable
to
the
resemble
to
infancy,
order
r,l
The
that
seen
come
who,
in
HENCE
executioners.
has
have
past
eternal
child
the
It
nnrse
desires
for
and
exploiters
fallen.
have
CENTURY
corpses
the
ent
obedi-
persecuted
and
increasing
taxes
rights,
in
crease
in-
pri-
52
THE
PHILIPPINES
liberties
and
vileges
existence;
disturbs
uncertaint}'
than
of
period
imagination
crisis
and
acute,
the
dares
True
use
are
causing
hands
that
balm
of
all
are
of
who
to
be
may
without
Code,
the
in
The
Royal
reports,
exiled
of
penal
Order
banisiied
Of
trial?
is
use
home,
no
code
of
if for
traitors
or
what
tlie
faith
was
September
is
finger
yet
no
has
*
bv
if
trifiing
life, if there
justice
promu]"rated
4, 1884.
no
Penal
security
confidence
and
in
if
hearing,
that
is
means
citizen
is
what
reasons,
honest
any
use
of
But
world,
like
come
without
what
in
the
trouble,
bitterness.
in
anonymous
the
the
passing
with
Code
Penal
such
codes
the
confidential
through
the
out
greater
poor;
is
it
the
that
is
them
upon
worse
generally
which
througli
points
lay
fears
country
one
it is
drop
the
and
regime
are
up
in
terror
the
for
ever}'
persons
one
minds,
disorder,
reality;
financial
continual
the
conjures
the
than
of
few
the
assuring
or
regime
HENCE
CENTURY
the
Islands
by
54
THE
PHILIPPINES
If those
who
remain
guide
try
repression
to
sufiEer
think,
and
latter
to
wretchedness
of
and
securing
lost
of
in
the
attraction
great
a
death.
glorious
attempt
and
but
"
chasm
might
not
become
Who
that
then,
the
in
latter
in
with
All
in
the
the
petty
with
of
would
be
the
life
such
no
to
suicidal
bloody
vanquished,
time
their
the
preferred
not
and
strength,
to
the
hope
has
be
Would
victors
this?
be
indeed
may
numbers,
occurred
classes
what?
equal
disputes
have
It
the
nothing:
should
it
between
yawn
superior
that
that
play
What
dicontented
numerous
and
force
to
against
Almost
the
classes
life, filled
indefinite.
struggle?
of
into
put
bitterness,
something
the
the
unquiet
an
ing
introduc-
severity
going
and
pines
Philip-
condition
against
are
the
of
their
push
they
of
instead
the
extremes
venture
privation
and
to
HENCE
destinies
make
to
retrograde,
country
the
obstinate,
reforms
CENTURY
and
since
ience
exper-
they
are
dominators?
insurrections
Philippines
were
the
THE
work
PHILIPPINES
of
who
bad
avail
few
fanatics
themselves
subordinates
failed.
or
to
No
for
on
of
of
then,
if the
ministers
do
interpreters
faithful
frequent
delicate
not
but
rather
duped
the
their
upon
and
find
capable
if met
in
the
by
with
the
woes?
wise
reforms
send
to
of
determined
and
whom
till
eternal
elements
backwardness
selves
them-
their
those
the
if
governors
among
political changes
what
people
colonial
the
bound
overthrow
But
and
of
no
they
people
the
or
it left
so
when
from
race
the
peace
cause
perpetuators
post;
whole
justice,
or
prudence
among
order, proffered
livelihood
its
the
all
they
character
popular
or
their
So
applauded
springs
bases
ends.
of
been
and
disturbers
and
our
need
people
over
power
had
rights
wounds
movement
So
their
had
they
their
the
gain
impressions,
that
the
their
human
ineffaceable
saw
of
the
humbug
insurrection
based
was
fought
up
and
deceive
to
soldiers,
discontented
or
55
HENCE
CENTURY
the
such
it is out
of
their
who
see
their
subjects;
56
THE
if
just
PHILIPPINES
claims
subversive
if, in
insults
and
the
will
have
has
been
of
class
created
stupidity
which
country,
forces
to
of
the
secure
the
and
is to
Avith
mind
we
can
of
fairs
af-
of
state
and
"
which
factor
sert
as-
the
nation
misfortune,
united
all
without
certain
inhabitants
the
tants
inhabi-
enliofhtened
numerous
continually
education
results
in
completely
spirit
the
natives,
present
common
has
within
and
the
exists
"
and
Islands.
exists
now
class
the
lacking
aroused,
the
the
now
debasement,
common
of
modified
There
of
prolitic
ingratitude,
years
abuses,
of
apathetic
his
of
authorized
an
complexity
will
denied
is
kinds
system,
been
formerly
the
good
few
inevitably.
was
the
charges
in
all
against
short,
and
of
being
as
country
Cortes
pricking
that
the
through
alienating
continue,
if
the
out
cry
escape
laws;
of
in
HENCE
CENTURY
unheeded,
go
tendency;
to
which
to
are
representation
voice
the
Islands,
augmented
governing
to
abroad,
by
powers,
leave
and
the
it
is
THE
PHILIPPINES
maintaiiu'tl
and
and
This
in
rest
of
it
years
will
manifest
for
the
in
as
Dutch
the
the
gradual
and
the
of
the
years
dark
the
of
and
to
horde
instruction
years
the
of
of
be
of
to
as
the
gress:
proa
in
the
country;
inhabitants;
the
the
races.
Filipino
in
impossible,
friars, in whose
the
posal
dis-
its
aristocratic,
among
which
and
through
Malayan
youth,
in
road
masses
of
tew
at
theocratic,
or
feuds
in
means
the
tutes
consti-
it
system
government,
of
fostering
creasing
in-
acts.
on
extermination
demonstrated
the
its
impoverishment
Brutalization
been
all
colonies,
the
Philippines;
today
nervous
of
the
to
country
various
brutalization
addicted
the
people
vogue.
with
if
in
has
checking
in
cumulatively
and
whole
existence
statecraft
Now.
caste
the
form
its
of
brain
cations
provo-
communication
Islands,
the
only
is
constant
the
the
to
espionaore
number
57
HENCE
thanks
of
system
whose
is
the
struy;gles
the
class,
CENTURY
hands
miserably
colleges, issuing
has
spite
rests
wastes
there-
58
PHILIPPINES
THE
from
tired,
weary
spite
of
censorship,
the
to
avenue
but
toward
of
spite
and
the
whole
this
tenaciously
keep
chemists,
suffers
in
people
somehow
and
inhabitants
the
Perhaps,
has
Experience
in
but
the
it is
Philippines,
of
Filipino
shine
forth
impossible
is
to
Philippines!
the
dangerous
very
everywhere
the
it
development?
their
lightenmen
En-
flame
it will
of
arrest
poverty
in
It
exist
persecution
divine
other
to
jurists.
the
the
recognition.
compel
May
and
wish
philosophers,
and
artists
in
perfected
there
ignorance,
No,
itself;
who
historians,
or
knowledge
language
inextinguishable
is
brutalize
it.
inculcate
that
those
every
pulpits,
the
scientific
by
holy
close
system
spreading
quickens
thought
and
operated
physicians,
is
all
in
books;
to
all
missals
Spanish
freethinkers,
writers,
of
elaborate
Islands
the
tries
spite
only
not
toward
even
which
and
books
with
disgusted
in
progress;
confessionals,
hatred
and
HENCE
CENTURY
shown
that
the
us
means.
and
classes
cially
espewhich
THE
PHILIPPINES
better
are
and
off have
and
be
uiav
Wealth
the
for
care
to
life.
Machiavelli
than
enemies
there
discontent,
bread
has
On
the
the
mother
ony
be?
other
wanting.
Neither
And
the
inhabitants.
the
Malays,
do
the
not
Philippine
succumb
before
is
less
sustaining
in
occurs
house
of
to
where
what
and
poor
possible gradually
The
when
government,
there
in
serving
ob-
rate
obdu-
more
for
further,
would
this
perilous,
there
means
happens
country
is it
and
hand,
what
country
is
more
held
Moreover,
abundance,
complaint,
wealthier,
itself.
poor
less
littles
has
up
life.
of
adventurous
be
to
stirs
of
bet-
spirit
himself
welfare
and
the
thinti:s,and
people
loss
wealth
are
itself
of
peace
disturbances
civil
inspires
change
to
comparatively
in
poverty
desire
loss
live
addicted
it refinement,
while
that
been
losers
subjecting
of
means
the
with
brings
conservation,
ideas,
they
59
HENCE
CENTURY
always
because
order,
are
use
lean
to
col
exterminate
races,
the
like
all
foreigner,
60
THE
like
PHILIPPINES
the
Indians
the
of
World.
the
the
of
spite
visited
has
that
lives
of
the
people.
of
described
the
petty
their
among
This
cation
the
was
from
of
the
surely
in
the
and
with
which
minated
exter-
islands,
but,
have
it
pear
ap-
soberer.
of
the
people
who
from
being
flag, far
its solidest
of
that
makes
grown
fostering
parison
com-
with
soldiers,
Spanish
has
rather,
inhabitants
the
as
cas.
Moluc-
contact
Pacific
of
cally
periodi-
the
condition
one
carry
trebled,
and
poison
the
to
the
civilization
the
with
fidelityto
remains
Java
that
only
There
has
clime,
Filipinos
consume
are
have
early historians,
wars
menace,
of
present
the
by
that
Philippines,
their
that
by
the
had
the
of
spite
number
every
natives
in
power
in
and
have
embraces
Rum,
the
South
their
Malays
thrives
Jn
epidemics
Filipino
and
every
The
the
HENCE
Polynesians
Filipinos
them,
The
no
New
wars
in
CENTURY
Australians,
numerous
on,
supports.
feuds
intestine
provinces.
formerly
one
island
possible,
to
conmiuni-
when
another
was
rare
and
PHILIPPINES
THE
t52
the
of
their
by
modern
siglit of
misfortunes
call
In
of
short,
decreed
country
new
Philippines
the
rags
that
social
new
ethical
are
is
and
nurse
the
condition
the
sovereign
vuifandis.
child
risk
to
For
remain
that
it
flee, tearing
in
turn
may
away
its
old
the
it.
Philippines,
then,
Spanish
domination,
but
liberty,
from
alleged
the
that
bind
in
order.
The
greater
and
inevitable,
Mutatii"
liberty
a
its
and
are
requiring
swaddling-clothes
ao-ainst
the
of
embrace
they
remain
cannot
more
wish
To
the
at
memory
advancement
the
without
men,
and
the
country,
sailors
from
brothers.
Islands
are
and
pressed
im-
are
fate.
by
The
they
their
then,
of
progress
provinces
merchants,
liberty
another
one
HENCE
patriotic feelings,
wealthiest
the
to
even
separated
widely
most
CENTURY
or
they
will
will
with
under
remain
more
declare
law
and
themselves
THE
PHILIPPINES
independent,
mother
after
As
no
only
subjected
dignity
tinal
to
the
detriment
least
of
the
both
Spanish
to
parties.
be
see
by
Islands
authority
the
rights,
an
evil
an
the
in
argument
us
such
for
would
let
evolution
peaceful
very
the
hope
or
which
pi*edicament,
desperate
of
desire
rupture,
and
the
blood.
should
one
unfortunate
all
in
country
and
themselves
steepin^^
G3
HENCE
CB:NTURV
for
most
what
forms
remain
may
with
interests
the
and
III.
TF
THE
Philippines
of
control
to
be
their
of
course
inhabitants
in
in
transformed
the
said
also
violent
and
of
people,
the
Some
by
introduce
events.
been
ordered
this
if
but
the
needs
of
the
their
demonstrated
we
it
peaceful
have
their
reforms
But
notwithstandinsr
the
fruitful
this
realized
patriotism,
to
and
ranks
if
classes.
needed
up
the
from
proceeds
be
will
transformation
upper
governors
impelled
to
that
fatal
from
emanate
for
article.
preceding
We
This
require.
have
sense,
the
and
the
necessarily
political
history
so
will
tliey
Spain,
under
remain
must
present
been
have
in
truth,
order
all
time,
and,
trying
to
stall
fore-
that
have
they
have
it
68
THE
PHILIPPINES
produced
well
for
as
promised
only
We
character
evils
with
were
that
of
to
that
say
plasters
and
knowing
how
to
patient's
cowardice
All
have
out.
the
to
of
the
cure
sufferings
of
the
the
reforms
been,
are,
or
timid
of
and
way
will
titude
rec-
only
are
and
to
And
tempted
who,
not
daring
not
alleviate
temporize
to
and
our
be
reforms
cancer,
this
in
tries
even
and
iionesty
physician
will
palliative
but
would
we
and
yadicalhi.
tbe
partial
salves
it out,
root
of
they
is confronted
cured
governors,
all
ineffectual
be
must
some
have
government
convinced
not
we
the
when
that
repeat,
which
only
not
times
grounds.
we
reforms
are
prejudicial,
more
that
at
reason
unstable
once
as
those
have
issue
simple
upon
that
assert,
the
government
Even
happy
for
said, and
the
country.
a
based
been
have
ever
the
injury,
caused
for
results,
scanty
HENCE
CENTURY
with
the
the
ignorant.
liberal
be
good
ministers
"
when
were,
carried
70
THE
the
PHILIPPINES
place
Sancho,
is
of
while
the
by
many
played
having
the
themselves
may
The
all
government
his
quack
the
liberty
Cortes
to
and
to
have
the
benefit
the
colonial
The
of
they
them.
Sancho,
liberty, rejects
his
by rebelling against
Barataria
minister,
be
reforms,
in
the
must
Philippines
delegates.
all
the
will
government
efforts
the
these
not
or
able
meet
decrees
their
whether
in
voice
no
the
not
or
obeyed,
country,
have
to
whether
Philippines
the
as
press,
known
nation
ministers
in
long
the
make
duly
been
dishes
long-suffering
so
manner,
no
have
the
ends'up
not
that
perhaps
misses
and
in
physician.
like
In
interested
of
are
physician
benefit
Philippines,
the
quack
the
is that
or
Philippines
the
touched,
get
result
of
persons,
dishes
the
the
dishes,
part
HENCE
CENTURY
of
of
fate
the
the
Island.
then,
begin
free
who
wants
by
and
his
declaring
by
reforms
the
instituting
to
press
pino
Fili-
THE
PHILIPPINES
The
free
press
their
complaints
very
rarely,
them,
for
and
free
rightly
a
if
what
press,
and
the
every
and
concerned,
reproduce
them,
it
does
and
possible
if
it
the
channel,
country
the
reach
so
like
governs
(if
press
because
it has
the
absolutely
better,
the
ihut
But
facts
rule
to
directlyobserves
it
afar
ment
govern-
wishes
with
need
most
the
ground,
because
them
where
the
from,
and
the
than
even
administers.
governs
when
has
government
on
and
ears,
that
from
country
dispense
even
estimate
increases
lish
pub-
rules
The
it is
truth
secret,
so
are
to
country,
may
it rules
they
dares
so
titly.
country
Peninsula,
the
newspaper
one
more
home
and
do
that
is the
the
that
that
does
it
reach
badly.
can), because
eyes
no
because
Philippines,
ever
they
that
distance
of
by
if
government
great
it
and
or
tardily
80
in
rarely
mysterious,
so
the
in
71
HENCE
CENTURY
ment
govern-
requires
its knowledge
that
and
the
inhabitants
it may
this
weigh
need
is
Philippines
speak
and
72
PHILIPPINES
THE
in
complain
To
called
in
govern
to
only
the
reckoning
the
sea,
the
the
winds
But
is
routine
the
press
History
says:
always
occurred
human
If
over
heart
the
the
is
have
house
polish
and
the
money-
and
servants
what
see
us
have
would
to
remain
not
over,
the
and
thought
had
it
freedom
revolutions
forced
Napoleon
many
tyrannized
human
perhaps
that
Let
countries
been
which
says
and
uprisings
great
press,
routine
dangerous.
in
it
down
declivity
where
countries
in
managing
the
of
direction
watching
after
of
state
family.
slide, and
governments
of
the
of
is
ship
the
the
give
to
looking
members
the
It
hearing
after
steering
shoals,
without
without
chest,
and
merely
appearance
is
It
badly.
govern
conditions,
currents.
by endeavoring
fine
its
reefs
and
it
parties;
without
to
be
also
may
way
judgment
pronouncing
of
one
it is
ities.
author-
the
to
other
any
but
governing,
amounts
unknown
language
HENCE
CENTURY
silent-
tyrannized
have
warned
THE
him
of
have
the
him
and
tlie
earth
thus
her
laboring
would
have
assured
history
~
or
Some
free
false
to
Is
the
when
the
in
press
have
become
of
the
that
to
acquires
concealing
them.
abuses,
but
Napoleon
prop
is
nation
individuals.
by
by rebuking
said
with
imperiled.
the
of
not
to
govern
that
greatly
few
respect,
Moreover,
what
be
to
press
colonies
rulers,
prestige
of
free
knowledge?
in
the
will
preferable
that
prestige
that
had
ample
answer
governments,
answer
it
with
govern
will
preferable
nation
records
herself
have
they
liberty?
one
press,
We
and
position
his
colonies
while
enjoyed
blindly
of
What
sive
inten-
OCT
independent
and
Spain
eign
for-
in
become
have
revolutions
more
sraorgfed.
was
it.
were
Perhaps
dissipated
strengthen
to
people
the
peace.
being
of
aggrandizement,
in
that
and
hurled
was
wanted
instead
genius,
he
understand
T.'J
HENCE
CENTURY
which
int""
peril
made
weary
his
PHILIPPINES
this
and
ing
punish-
prestige
about
and
abetting
great
is
plicable
apmen
74
THE
and
PHILIPPINES
their
valets.
all
the
of
those
sham
in
order
to
false
gods,
the
government,
persecutions
need
free
have
they
ago
by
is needed
press
which
press
long
still
which
government
prestige
know
and
petty
free
The
the
the
of
not
them;
prestige.
HENCE
endure
and
do
recognize
their
mined
wbo
We,
pretensions
lost
dreams
CENTURY
builds
it
upon
ground.
We
What
One
the
say
of
does
risks
three
about
same
the
Filipino
government
either
things:
become
unruly,
tlie
that
political
sentatives.
repre-
them?
in
see
will
they
trimmers,
prove
or
act
properly.
Supposing
that
absurd
pessimism
for
Philippines,
the
that
all
and
that
the
should
we
and
all
but
their
advocate
separatist
Spanish
majority
still
insult,
for
be
would
does
there,
the
to
greater
most
great
Spain,
separatists
they
contentions
ideas:
exist
the
admit
representatives
in
yield
not
is there
would
patriotic
not
pre-
THE
PHILIPPINES
there
sent
the
combat
to
and
woaid
that
ferm*^nts
home,
the
and
the
in
of
three
rains?
besides
in
Filipinos
need
what
any
a
influence
great
them
in
in
debate.
the
in
the
midst
of
of
the
trable
impene-
the
amid
or
being
the
cheap
parliament
it
said
is
vincible
in-
"
Hasn't
separatists
of
that
then
peaceful
Frankly,
Cortes
of
paladins,
fear?
elections?
to
compliment
in
for
oratorical
government
the
lands,
struggles
Spanish
and
able
prefer-
thermometer
indolent
not
be
sun
pacific
Moreover,
arft
would
swampy
burning
the
blood
its
home,
advantage
because
abounds
especially
but
from
the
Certainly
spare
in
ot" the
secrecy
parliament
These
have
glorious,
not
being
government,
the
under
And
fields?
shot
leagues
forests,
ideas,
of
exchange
thousand
torrential
does
in
powers
discontent
the
the
in
the
in
principles
the
to
than
is concerned,
patriotism
struggle
and
and
people
governing
intentions?
bett^^r
expands
huts
Spanish
where
be
the
such
oppose
this
not
of
vigilance
75
HENCE
CENTURY
the
to
it
it
is
fear
nation.
If
and
expected
better
the
few
could
the
favorable
laugh
If
undoubtedly
figures
if
any
disturbed
Igorots
them,
like
undoubtedly
in
powder,
has
no
and
person
fear
doughty
de
Filipino
Seiior
odor.
General
who
to
will
and
which
Mas,
wanted
they
that
nation.
Igorots,
that
of
the
the
to
Sinibaldo
Don
affirm
can
of
like
the
Senate
open
then
Salamanca,
the
in
smell
they
help
honorable
more
some
will
they
but
will
incapable
or
objection
real
if the
they
trust,
representatives
the
is that
be
will
be, worthy,
should
questions,
and
among
delegates
worst
be
government
ignorant
an
their
govern
then,
JNow
with
the
much
would
the
their
to
annoy
with
to
saw
so
much
so
separatists,
they
faithful
and
minister
what
become
they
honest
so
and
and
the
at
be,
They
votes,
openly
will
be
is to
as
be.
there
him
government
constituents.
their
more
probably
they
as
for
for
worse
political trimmers,
become
thej
HENCE
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
THE
76
smell
live
at
Salamanca
And
if
78
THE
PHILIPPINES
Antinouses,
ises.
thither
is
that
maintain
these
at
through
wander
to
the
spheres,
imaginary
ought
government
Law
objections.
has
resorting
philosophize
to
not
like
other
of
purpose
and
legislate
to
and
boys,
the
as
HENCE
CENTURY
pretty
long
so
paragons;
or
not
skin,
no
we
to
pause
nor
son
rea-
nostrils.
So
see
we
institution
of
government,
and
in
We
better,
them
with
its
way
become
not
are
of
powerful
could
at
its
that
for
the
we
the
egotism
boldness,
of
those
would
country
least
complain
lack
for
of
of
their
would
our
the
who
actions.
the
serve
the
upon
legislators
by asking
that
the
methods
it
among
sure
indolence,
the
responsible
know
and
for
country
our
We
the
sons
troubles
happens,
now
silenced,
be
would
its
their
By
representatives.
blaming
as
pines
Philip-
the
why
reason
malcontents
many
instead
bear
have
not
may
and
serious
no
true
rests
inte-
tives.
representa-
enlightenment,
fellow
cunning
wish
trymen,
coun-
and
the
their
ob-
THE
scurantisra,
But
and
government
road
that
to
come
disappear.
a
are
to
responsibility
the
it
that
it has
are
clouds,
all
make
come
the
the
is
own
its
through
government
they
let
them
let
are
the
suffer
gets
country
government
can
the
say
quibiis
The
touch
will
toward
dissipate
Spain,
and
These
fruitful.
reforms
that
which,
reforms,
applied,
and
fear
in
Filipino
duty.
sine
them.
necessary,
then
affection
to
may
the
fundamental
two
as
interests,
the
efforts
its
that
them,
upon
succeeding
puerile
well
as
the
it
discontent
weak
and
and
assure
reforms
the
that
Every
done
that
the
to
to
out
so
us
harmful
loyal
introduced,
interpreted
properly
It
fall
be
to
just,
so
their
deserves,
These
are
so
consequences.
fate
all
grief,
stupid
so
treacherous
all
to
been
has
measure
people
best
If after
into
pointing
are
we
appears
not
may
wish
we
79
HKNCK
reform
convert
may
instrument.
CKNTUKY
PHILIFFINKS
non.
independence
free
press
with
public
will
may
keep
opinion,
80
and
the
be, the
to
for
cause
stir
the
up
by
of
tbat
it
there
is
or
it.
being
No
to
or
is
fatherland,
when
less
the
taxes
why
be
must
question
his
this
arises
they
are
most
one
no
man,
by
merely
and
tit citizen
shed
or
own
who
ones
very
uncultured,
a
their
tion
representa-
civilization
as
ignorant
that
see
to
to
regarded
pay
the
ceases
one
the
denied
and
are
rights
more
Filipino
them
the
averred,
is
through
be
the
of
from
as
why
should
Tbey
his
forfeits
asked
after
abused,
need
him
fault)
look
to
imperfect
(whether
defective
another's
Aside
reason
offered
culture
imperfect
so
to
attempt
objection
is the
plausible
no
the
not
not
With
people?
the
inhabitants.
the
is
then
of
sons
hostages.
how
the
regarding
majority
and
of
masses
they
as
are,
the
their
inadmissible
some
fact
be
they
among
discontent,
Likewise
the
will
Philippines,
no
if
from
best
HENCE
CENTURY
representatives,
ought
the
PHILIPPINES
THE
the
since
when
he
blood
to
defend
fitness
be
denied
of
granting
him
is
THE
PHILIPPINES
right?
some
by
zeal
the
for
read
make
order
be
issued
decrees
education
hands
then,
taxes,
with
he
must
who
one
the
of
reason
with
also
looks
product
his
they
nation.
stupidly.
able
after
whereof
To
him
he
reason
in
the
intelligent
to
and
choose
and
serves
of
prevent
If
to
the
favor
have
education?
be
all
see
who
sutticiently
is
we
Eezios
call
they
enlightened
in
Pedro
the
can
government
because
thereof,
what
when
the
by
meet
execution
the
conditions
servants
as
become
to
ened,
enlight-
How
Spanish?
expected
present
working
of
order
in
little
blest
hum-
the
sacrifices
extent
learn
to
could
one
see
become
his
before
even
now
enormous
held
that
every
we
may
the
to
country
that
be
ledged
it is acknow-
that
great
81
to
enemies,
Spaniards
children
even
when
and
so
and
write,
their
under
the
of
families
in
is
he
is
ignorance,
friends
learning
and
that
his
all,
coming
how
Moreover,
for
responsible
HENCE
CENTURY
his
their
pino,
Fili-
pay
retain
interests,
the
otherwise
ment
govern-
is^to
82
THE
PHILIPPINES
When
the
under
kept
makes
be
the
the
judges.
the
civilizing
and
thereon,
and
that
the
native
discontent
filled
will
fears
the
off
he
be
able
of
custom
to
it will
into
enter
to
superiority
not
that
presume
he
when
be
the
be
if
Then,
indolence
all
sees
ment
judg-
stimulus
bred.
his
by
awarded
and
may
not
shake
not
weakest.
the
he
offices
CastiJas.
by
We
who
does
work
of
barbarous
the
be
in
virtue
the
there
may
complain
not
can
that
so
so
confidence
arouses
the
sessions
pos-
justice,
foremost
should
trusts
that
their
in
are
may
thing
entire
subdues
It
publishing
competition,
The
speedy
the
injustice
while
Offices
and
is
races.
justice
respected
repose
Justice
the
word
jest.
strict
their
oflficials
of
acts
the
most
inhabitants
nations,
the
colonial
English
is
that
and
laws
HENCE
CENTURY
surveillance,
to
cease
prove
this
his
intelligence.
in
the
not
be
the
contest,
superiority
Although
sovereign
Spaniard
for
thus
by
this
country,
the
is
it
should
reason
by
be
practiced
that
genuine
of
means
moral
ought
when
virtues
and
trusts
The
to
and
capable
held
offices
the
uncertain
and
moreover,
very
fond
present
various
Filipinos
matter;
to
of
brilliant
still
thev
are
of
ing
endanger-
merely
would
The
and
the
native
prefers
Let
speak
office
most
have
into
future.
the
serve
they
stable
holding
and
duties.
their
will
peace
with
away
instead
and
sure
fices
of-
The
employees
of
problematical?
humble
this
do
develop
interest
the
converting
simulates
man
cognizant
what
it, for
upright,
seem,
will
domination,
onizers
col-
to
strangers.
by natives,
Spanish
assure
in
and
sought
the
as
with
earned
so
dismissal
arbitrary
officials
deals
he
just
be
because
least
at
or
intelligent,
and
honest
qualities,
be,
to
should
prestige
the
for
colonies,
the
in
83
HENCE
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
THE
is,
an
the
in
unshaken
conservatives.
We
commerce,
could
add
other
agriculture,
minor
reforms
security
of
touching
the
indivi-
84
THE
dual
of
and
these
articles.
the
with
much.
There
will
death
these
published
civilization
far
behind,
have
worked
slavery
things
The
and
left
has
the
the
French
the
parliament
and
have
penalty
colonies
question
country
miracles,
for
even
of
also
for
Utopia
their
have
has
Moore,
religious
of
the
is,
been
giving
us
Utopia
book
looked
that
we
accuse
abolition
will
death
to
suffrage,
human
greater
that
Thomas
were
in
satisfied
say
When
but
deal
Utopia?
by
on.
things
impossible
Tlie
English
so
on,
are
critics
is
impossibilities,
Yet
can
complete
and
penalty,
dreams,
what
almost
toleration,
we
one
universal
existed
wherein
no
so
shall
present
imagined
country
and
we
lacking
but
Utopianism:
was
the
be
not
HENCE
which
and
outlines,
too
of
with
For
CENTURY
education,
property,
points
are
other
ask
PHILIPPINES
the
was
as
upon
Utopianism.
of
Utopia
conscience
abolished
adultery
"
itself!
tives.
representaraised
in
the
representation
PHILIPPINES
THE
86
if the
civilization,
if the
liberal
is carried
out
without
subterfuges
Otherwise,
Islands
the
to
if
of
the
golden
of
cries
hinder
the
the
and
policy
all
Portuguese
Close
Spain.
before
and
indeed
Two
the
peoples
do
ry,
count-
bonds
not
the
said
had
that
live
Phoene-
English,
Roman,
colonies
said
unite
for
of
the
subserve
all
to
laws
independent,
Greek,
the
be
may
soverign
Bachelet
Spanish
are
the
all
impossible
be
to
become
Carthaginian,
reign
sove-
to
inexorable
the
of
commerce
and
resource
ears
great
established
eventually
Bachelet,
cian,
the
in
see
the
its
it will
of
operations
to
relieve
to
however
Filipinos,
Colonies
history.
made
shutting
then,
meanness*
or
killing thegoosethatlays
and
reason,
government
exploited,
thus
are
interpretations.
is
be
taxes,
eggs
of
loyalty
false
them
the
trickery
to
satisfy ambitions,
country
of
attempt
lode
inhabitants
due
rights
policy
or
an
HENCE
their
of
other
granted,
vpithout
CENTURY
rights
if the
respected,
are
three
it.
to
us
een-
THE
PHILIPPINES
turies
in
coDtinual
lot, shedding
holding
God,
their
the
the
by
the
said:
(jlili()a)si
pf
Ja
quelli che
essi
bound
much
as
received).
ricevono
stern
necessity
much
the
be required
not
their
liberal
exile
to
and
from
(it is
this, and
sentimentality,
pure
cite cssi
in its
living
in
and
and
forego
native
the
human
as
those
by
but
wander
the
peaceful
with
the
tics
polisoever
How-
they
redemption,
sons
it is
of
arena
Spain,
be
to
land, therudest
alarm,
per
prevail.
owe
cost
come
is true,
interests
their
c'
nature
the
in
atmosphere,
constant
affection.
fauuo,
more,
enlightened
stifled
fices
sacri-
conferred
Filipinos
their
Mutual
human
by benefits
All
that
(h()li hi)o"iin/\
iiatHra
Ji hcuclicii
same
than
of
reader
great
the
but
engendered
have
tiehls,
stronger
fear.
or
arms
benefits
Machiavelli,
heart,
them
same
same
ideas,
same
between
fashioned
and
the
on
beliefs, \vorshii)ping
same
formed
are
those
in
blood
interchanging
ties
the
sbaiin*^
contact,
87
HENCE
CENTURY
to
can
have
about
tions
aspiraitant
inhabfortune
88
THE
of
the
two
of
one
man.
the
PHILIPPINES
Spain
God
of
should
denied
human
and
gratitude
the
against
there
proclaim
and
wrongs
have
the
people.
its
and
The
rights
on
the
is
God
of
noble
and
Spanish
tbeirs.
glories
A
of
its
laws,
mitted
com-
are
not
people
past
tions,
affec-
who
persons
lips.
of
that
sacrileges
the
people,
can
against
the
the
their
liberties,
offenses
by
impossibility
an
the
dearest
our
family,
on
enough
divinity
no
committed
are
of
name
the
of
not
that
offenses
sacrifice
the
is
of
claim
no
against
There
daily.
to
them
individual,
home,
honor,
that
renounce
itself
the
sacrifice
require
can
of
of
is
the
of
pressed,
op-
upon
justify,
to
liberty
peace
the
world
the
and
inherent
heap
there
of
millions
rights
then
in
even
exploited
the
excuse,
not
six
There
can
sanctity
can
and
insults.
in
against
and
light
that
powder
the
brutalized,
being,
slights
claim,
that
whim
the
upon
not
can
himself,
be
HENCE
CENTURY
dependent
peoples
name
people
No
Filipino
so
bid
jealous
the
that
can
one
pinos
Fili-
prides
not
ask
its
dishonor
today
and
peaceful
and
with
not
cease
the
beyond
silences
us
(which
is
what
places
If
what
that
misfortune
that
desire
going
be
fall
then
in
we
by
taken
rush
first
to
mortal),
will
shall
if violence
are
will
leave
we
we
the
course
it,
without
but
we
legal
ideals,
our
law,
have
we
the
understand
cause,
the
tendencies
numerous
the
our
of
by
so
upon
possible, for
know
not
fixed
plead
pale
or
and
abjection
accept
debate
of
gaze
to
to
89
HENCE
struggling
are
means
our
CENTURY
name!
own
who
We
by it,
trained
another,
do
PHILIPPINES
THE
the
to occupy
vacant.
realized
is not
....
In
we
so
the
instead
future
throwing
let
its
such
contemplating
us
must
of
may
the
frankly
terrible
not
closing
turn
For
descend
mysteries.
of
in
away
this
into
the
face
purpose,
due
dust
tuality,
even-
horror,
will
we
eyes
our
bring.
handful
unfortunate
an
to
abyss
and
what
after
Cerberus,
and
sound
THE
94
sula
PHILIPPINES
broken
was
gradually
midst
the
the
the
of
finally
driven
created
formed
which
conflicts,
the
of
after
out
of
Spain
islands
the
the
and
the
in
and
gallantry
califs, they
bloody
the
the
in
inundation,
spirit,
toleration
which
states,
little
Saracen
chivalrous
religious
small
like
great
HENCE
CENTURY
into
up
emerged
of
spite
stubborn
and
and
nation
Spanish
sixteenth
and
fifteenth
were
centuries.
The
existence
endowed
to
teaches
the
of
with
strength
all natural
that
us
and
it
Encystment
of
for
signifies
it
inertia,
Encystment
debility
thus
complete
in
means
the
the
is
trary
con-
destroys
encysted.
people
is
sible,
imposlute
abso-
isolation,
element.
conquering
tomb
other
an-
Science
laws.
becomes
or
conquering
activity
assimilated,
is eliminated
organism,
and
ethical
is either
within
body
foreign
of
the
foreign
invader.
Now,
applying
Philippines,
we
these
must
considerations
conclude,
as
to
deduction
the
THE
PHILIPPINES
from
be
all
have
we
do
inhabitants,
belon"^
not
do
different
to
amalgamated
not
and
politically
harassed
and
and
independent.
neither
love
all
of
doubtful
strife
the
the
and
is the
necessity
in
We
operation
by
have
and
impossible
said
to
Philippines
be
can
nor
the
nor
the
intestine
JMecessity
the
resultant
of
world
is
knows,
forces
physical
forces.
statistics
exterminate
tic
antagonis-
and
divinity
ethical
is, not
Spain,
themselves.
Islands
that
patriotism,
for
be
ly
social-
destiny
of
they
themselves
dismemberment
powerful
most
law
al
liber-
mass,
declare
Filipinos
of
the
their
that
and
day
of
peoples
one
some
if the
and
if both
tendencies
this
the
free
forf^et
or
Spanish
future
in
and
infallibly
To
opposed
spirit
homogeneous,
interests,
fatally
the
constitute
by opposing
ideas
will
to
nation,
each
races,
population
Spanish
laws
make
not
if their
into
enter
equable
if
reforms
the
to
95
HENCE
CENTUKV
that
said,
assimilated
not
dominators
set
the
prove
that
Filipino
it
is
people.
96
THE
And
PHILIPPINES
even
have
Spain
of
in
whose
climate
her?
to
is to
colonial
her
of
the
her
to
so
much
as
it
Malays,
defend
sacrifice
This
commend
we
colonial
of
But
is that
to
necessary
Spain
to
colonies,
have
to
the
ony
col-
productive
and
the
wealth.
million
six
be
to
in
their
learned
never
fourth
to
Spain
would
of
population.
notice
her
of
the
have
partisans
exploitation.
nothing
menace
character
and
them
themselves,
least
at
the
destroy
they
be
under
otherwise,
inhabitants
supposing
that
disastrous
Philippines
useful
to
cultivate,
or
transitory
to
more
order
and
and
the
go
possesses
even
infancy
to
the
in
Moreover,
fight
who
Spaniards
is
and
system
the
Quite
Filipinos?
inhabitants
the
extent
would
good
the
without
of
certain
would
interest
populate
not
can
What
what
destruction
the
she
country
possible,
it
were
HENCE
CENTURY
the
of
when
human
this
kind
the
can
education
existence
Filipinos,
then
The
happen.
and
are
they
liberty
denied
will
by
seek
THE
PHILIPPINES
abroad,
enlightenment
try's back,
crook
the
and
will
result
that
for
motives
and
love
the
the
and
country,
of
purblind
be
only
because
it
will
into
gratitude
by
or
own
not
coun.
hook
by
opposition
will
W7
mother
their
in
prejudicial,
even
HENCE
secure
paretic politicians
but
futile
convert
resentment
hatred.
Hatred
and
and
there
and
exist
foster
that
the
either
they
may
and
is the
will
to
teach
strength
the
or
custom)
a
spells
of
revenge
excitement
in
is
be
to
and
in
in
turbances,
dis-
having
mighty
when
something
get
triumph
lesson
to
even
in
severe
stern
result
in
power,
recriminations,
It
government
mistrust
especially
their
measures.
(as
finally
interested
lamentations
violent
will
demonstrate
excitement,
side,
one
collision,
elements
that
on
other,
terrible
so
the
resentment
tlip.
on
anger
violent
its
behind
advantages
some
with
they
or
CENTURY
or
ploy
em-
expected
be
ally
gener-
punishment,
order
upon
and
to
the
terror
vaunt
quished
van-
that
98
THE
the
PHILIPPINES
caused
danger
of
of
those
injustice
and
innocent
An
the
of
integrity
the
state,
even
for
are
all
"
and
measures
two
afflicted,
increased,
guilty,
and
for
who
the
judge
the
things
augment
of
the
blood
the
of
safety
the
and
the
unjust,
the
then
The
opened
and
fewer,
friends
punishment
must
severe
wounded
becoming
families
the
upon
victims.
is
that
of
think
of
panic-stricken
battens
of
cedure
pro-
unfortunately
that
peoples,
always
the
all
instead
to
the
which
number
chasm
the
between
these
hurried
justifies everything,
minds,
above
the
is that
result
and
ment
mo-
pretext
and
cowardice
the
conquered
sive
cloaks
and
rare,
accusations,
opportune
the
the
Private
and
fatherland
which
timidity,
the
the
haste
martial,
courts
against
the
the
scrupulous
still
tion
accumula-
despicable
covetousness,
calumny,
of
the
is
inhabitants.
reprisals, denunciations,
for
mitant
conco-
committed
peaceful
resentments,
HENCE
unavoidable
catastrophes
of
acts
it.
CENTURY
be
added
are
of
the
exces.
the
THE
PHILIPPINES
families
and
and
sively
to
of
the
victim
his
nation.
foreign
is
by
it is ordered
is
or
hurts
and
to
out
an
the
with
the
only
it is not
so
whole
the
the
and
of
the
resentment
governing
offender.
be
ascribed
of
race
by
the
tyrant
of
dominated
act
who
of
by
because
is
but
thetic
unsympaand
his
regarded
naturally
and
does
is
severity
country,
victim
usually
is
governed.
oppression,
the
creased
in-
government
country
justest
is
actuated
the
to
foreigner,
enemy
not
because
race,
in
still
death
the
up
peril
the
may
severe
made
governor
reconciled
injustice
as
with
even
race,
ofPense
and
But
construed
to
if
government
from
injustice
that
the
the
see
subinis
nation
when
alone,
malice,
the
too,
in
different
an
man
personal
Note,
99
who
workinfj
population,
race
former
one
and
hundred-fold
HENCE
innocent,
dangerous
homogeneous
formed
the
livin*?
in
are
In
of
peacefully.
measures
of
friends
advantaofe
no
CENTURY
the
entire
as
sonal,
per-
spreads
not
die
100
PHILIPPINES
THE
the
Hence
should
be
fact
the
exercised
general,
and
as
training
schools,
Such
bathed
the
blood
in
and
struggle
and
mother
country,
heroic
has
on
the
he
does
the
She
be
toiling
day
not
like
is
his
live
planting
slaves
refuse
own
how
for
him
to
the
while
the
subjects,
she
though
less
is
slie
and
finally
voluptuary
by
upon
gall,
depends
even
rich
are
life
existence,
and
his
learns
number
the
and
tears
of
and,
waited
by
they
fighting,
submission
her
peoples
as
colonial
as
colonies
the
in
in
fictitious
to
servants
whose
efforts,
only
perishes.
itself
the
to
independent.
vitality,
weakened,
constantly
make
she
and
peace
upon
is
perfect
the
proportion
any
particular,
which
drenched
if it has
colony,
that
down
In
precipitated.
are
in
thero-selves
descent
and
colonies
notably
law
great
declare
is the
the
oiiice
contributes
the
later
or
sooner
colonial
our
that
tact
countries,
regards
government
of
fine
by colonizing
in
fulfillment
HENCE
and
prudence
great
that
CENTURY
him,
customed
ac-
crowd
of
and
who,
obedience,
efforts,
must
die.
as
102
PHILIPPINES
THE
military
tions,
The
country's
his
bull.
The
Filipino
although
veith
he
does
he
struggle
He
has
and
all
he
is
for
him
and
same
the
batant.
com-
the
Climate
does
it
that
way
once
all
carabao.
his
and
other
the
or
meekness
of
the
in
and
one
the
ferocity
bipeds
affects
to
of
less,
no
peaceful,
when
hesitate
death
country
more
up,
for
intrepidity
his
loves
and
moments,
the
quieter,
not
means
tenacity
is
has
stirred
difficulty
aroused
He
misery.
patriotic,
favorable
in
good.
and
and
gallant
everything,
his
and
is
HENCE
famine
executions,
Spaniard
sacrifices
CENTURY
quadrupeds.
The
that
terrible
conflicts
these
will
their
century
their
of
generally
to
not
the
some
feared,
islands
they
hard
and
strengthen
the
fifteenth
of
of
eighth.
the
of
against
extend
pinos
Fili-
the
Spain
instead
will
teachings
afforded
improve
Spain
experience,
the
have
The
nature.
was
bitter
will
operate
ethical
and
lessons
With
intestine
others,
mutual
flicts
con-
as
is
sup-
THE
PHILIPPINES
port, like
shipwrecked
island
an
after
it be
may
of
the
said
small
their
the
fallino'
animated
free
of
shake
the
beat
after
off
the
of
Islands
federal
yoke,
a
will
is
boy
pendulum,
the
probably
others
tions
ambiof
tendency
when
over,
the
adopt
to
leaving
by
any
law
declare
school,
of
tion
reac-
selves
them-
republic.
Philippines
heroic
the
of
mad
tyrannized
like
government,
the
If
been
or
Filipinos
the
all
the
as
of
English
over
from
froin
danf^er
the
race
and
have
the
Absence
one
imagination
domination,
once
freest
like
their
that
countries
they
of
preponderance
tants
inhabi-
spirit
force
prudent.
fate
ed
achiev-
their
hands,
will
example,
and
and
Besides,
other
the
They
different
are.
into
sensible
great
will
Filipinos
for
be
by
of
partake
easily,
Nor
storm.
republics.
American
again
German,
to
shall
we
reach
they
of
iii^'ht
independence
are
what
that
when
persons
fearful
103
HHNc:E
CENTURY
and
secure
stubborn
their
ii
dependence
conflicts,
they
can
104
PHILIPPINES
THE
rest
assured
that
neither
nor
France,
and
still
take
what
up
Within
absorb
the
there
is
secure
sensible
the
Indian
her
Islands
"
she
Philippines,
is
exhaust
already
Singapore,
have
whence
need
what
himself
lord
of
might
she
for
the
Hongkong
John
has
the
such
and
tion
inten-
Manila
gradually
Bull
when
Shanghai?
the
expand.
the
he
in
in
point
some
risk
fice
sacri-
to
an
Philippines,
Orient,
onies
col-
Philippine
poor
restored
kept
the
and
to
going
not
the
have
not
would
going
not
is
for
by
enough
has
entertained
had
would
is
She
Empire
if she
but
Moreover,
and
balance.
her
losing
offered
to
will
islands,
undeveloped
England
Orient
the
in
and
order
in
hostile
untouched,
hold.
Europeans,
territory
immense
to
completely
which,
and
poor
undefended.
almost
to
of
group
dare
to
will
the
nation
Continent,
Dark
Africa
of
will
unable
been
years
Germany,
nor
Holland,
less
attention
no
neglect
1763,
few
England,
has
Spain
HENCE
CENTURY
trader
when
has
he
there
It
is
PHILIPPINES
THE
that
probable
their
open
her
the
opinions
to
many
that
weaken
the
For
the
run
and
forces
we
her
see
France
future
that
the
not
care
of
Thus
continent.
in
her
will
countries
nobody.
enough
French
laurels
they
the
Pacific
as
ritory
ter-
easy
avoids
Germany
complications.
Tongking
colonization.
will
conquering
to
to
that
scattering
mucli
as
too
country.
the
on
and
has
already
distant
in
existence
has
in
there
harmful,
are
because
war
belongs
foreign
any
she
will
dom
free-
greater
Germany
attitude,
that
it
tendencies
sovereign
is confined
Africa,
in
her
endanger
that
they
risk, and
any
afford
Kingdom
reasons
same
for
Philippines,
and
upon
Furthermore,
eit'ect
colonies,
greatly
to
the
favorably
look
commerce.
United
in
exist
the
her
to
ports
to
and
of
independence
the
will
England
105
HENCE
CENTL'RY
to
and
spirit
France
that
grow
do
and
China,
does
loves
on
not
besides
shine
glory,
the
of
more
sees
but
fact
the
in
zeal
the
battlefields
for
glory
of
106
THE
PHILIPPINES
Europe,
East
The
for
it reaches
other
her
satisfiies
hardly
for
craving
both
obligations,
renown,
and
internally
also
has
She
quite faintly.
her
Far
the
in
battlefields
from
echo
HENCE
CENTURY
the
on
continent.
Holland
keep
her
the
and
seas
future
Holland
and
Sumatra
content
to
offers
Java.
Sumatra
the
Philippines,
whose
for
Dutch
sinister
be
will
than
have
coasts
expeditions.
in
and
Moluccas
greater
and
is sensible
omen
with
proceeds
from
Borneo,
great
fear
of
tion
cau-
losing
everything.
China
succeeds
consider
will
in
dismembered
or
powers
of
partitioned
that
and
intact
the
among
the
colonizing
are
is
not
pean
Euro-
continent
Asia.
The
same
she
has
the
south
even
herself
keeping
if she
fortunate
herself
to
is true
Russia,
who
England,
her
official
of
Japan.
and
envies
with
whom
language.
On
the
watches
she
She
is in
north
her;
on
accord
is, moreover,
THE
PHILIPPINES
under
such
she
that
she
diplomatic
from
is freed
of
it
the
the
lie
interests
in
the
of
foreign
the
the
is
ambition
are
Harrison
manifested
is
not
opened
congested
should
would
very
first
well
bites.
troublesome
is
contagious,
allow
her
the
North
rival,
of
the
if she
hand
no
day
dream
impossible,
and
this
is
States
the
in
should
be
once
she
case
powers
know
they
sharpened
would
in
sort
Canal
of
for
and
vices,
European
proceed,
America
whose
Panama
and
it the
appetite
seize.
covetousness
territory
to
more
to
has
stronjjest
But
attempt
her
not
something
the
excess
an
some
may
inhabitants,
with
that
who
This
the
nor
openly
not
and
question.
easy
Republic,
Africa,
among
Samoan
the
has
American
until
an
is,also, easier
possession.
example
be
not
attracts
Pacific
of
spoliation
Europe
affairs
she
and
great
in
will
that
107
from
outside
Korea
Philippines
Perhaps
for
is
but
population,
than
of
it, which
True
matter.
HENCE
pressure
think
not
can
CENTURY
by
the
quite
get
into
108
THE
PHILIPPINES
the
business.
her
traditions.
Very
the
of
new
much
that
men
with
will
perhaps
of
the
externally,
which
his
the
give
up
weapons,
the
country
life
their
more
Then
all
will
free, like
past,
they
to
and
internally
who
will
the
which
the
ability
and
and
be
of
withheld
made
to
distress,
coal.
islanders
instincts,
leaves
are
iron
Perhaps
and
maritime
that
land
abandoned
have
relieving
lead
with
the
and
mines
bird
wide
together
tilling
to
those
for
the
upon
enthusiasm
wasted
revive
the
their
both
again
of
With
soil
labor
same
copper,
nature,
will
the
at
their
freely
enter
the
gold
for
of
with
from
spring
long
neglect
their
for
sacrifice.
the
so
him.
it from
and
fatherland,
falls
youth
ancestors,
through
blood
to
with
defend
secured
and
their
will
to
contrary
liberty
recollection
strive
is
the
will
progress,
strengthen
this
Philippines
valor
so
and
road
the
likely
HENCE
CENTURY
Furthermore,
inexpressible
price
cantile
mer-
fitted
and
its
by
once
cage.
PHILIPPINES
THE
110
will
accidents
the
for
is
it
Nevertheless,
not
subject
are
Therefore,
way
and
Philippines
the
with
desires
of
rights,
Spaniards,
and
freely
reservations,
never
hope
is left
task
to
the
for
they
need
country:
of
day
some
we
Since
Filipinos
fact
in
these
rights
damaging
without
prefer
"Spain,
sympathy
be
grant
this
give
to
anger.
may
repeating
keep
to
million
irritating
we
repeat,
than
and
government
without
us,
of
ments
govern-
ever
begets
six
that
of
as
better
is
people
spontaneously,
tire
shall
it
grant
so
let the
will
we
contempt
to
cident,
ac-
workings
well
as
former
the
latter
the
love,
the
in
to
imperceptible
an
and
that
them:
before
trust
it.
to
time,
is
it is necessary
mother
to
peoples
repeat,
we
there
their
well
logic
Fortunately,
history.
pace
the
is sometimes
there
incomprehensible
while
of
destiny
depend
and
HENCE
CENTURY
We
mistrust.
while
this
of
unpleasant
saying
have
ray
to
spent
the
our
youth
of
in
country;
our
interests
thy
serving
the
whole
the
fervor
and
enthusiasm
ing
for
from
thee
would
assure
and
thy
sway
islands!
and
course
merely
we
in
up
because
tell
thee
wretched
of
for
hope,
we
all
not
thou
wish
lost
the
since
resources
the
it also
blood
and,
pursued
thy
traitors,
because
tell
to
about
it
of
take
from
hope,
future,
the
the
residue
our
have
we
all
our
since
that,
youth,
"
justice.
in-
result
the
its service
in
of
kinds
us
to
land
deaf,
all
say
everything
desire,
use,
we
that
unfortunate
being
it asks
when
family;
peace,
hate
draw
to
country,
and
Must
have
of
can
dost
efforts?
exhausted
we
of
country,
our
it
accused
work"
native
but
our
all
policy
our
hast
love
in
remained
us
have
we
intellects,
liberal
of
hast
truth
What
thee,
tliy pride,
we
the
to
hearts
loyal
thou
interests
thine,
peace
over
Spain,
wrapped
fatal
the
us
the
our
was
love,
of
glance
in
our
of
what
of
good
of
light
expended
the
looked
have
we
111
EIEECE
CENTURY
PHlLlPi'lNi:S
THE
veins
illusions
dis-
which
and
112
the
strength
day
some
for
Bhe
PHILIPPINES
THE
her
must
left
tell
redeem
that
herself?"
HENCE
arms?
our
Filipinas
and
woes
in
CENTURY
if
Spain,
that
thou
she
wishes
must
hast
to
no
be
we
ear
saved
RiZAL's
Farewell
Address
Address
On
"Countrymen:
that
learned
who
some
it
as
came
news
indications
if
still,
any
the
in
good
lines
these
of
notice
what
demonstrated
This
is
the
living.
its
and
was
to
be
notice
and
absolute
witnesses
availing
abuse
and
address
you
known.
wlien
planned,
convinced
incident
are
this
stop
may
being
was
fact,
faith,
hasten
truth
believing
an
over
beginning,
very
and
now
the
that
the
"From
but,
continuing,
to
unwary
The
Now
bad
or
name,
my
the
undeceive
silent
kept
amon"^
war-cry.
surprise,
disturbances
of
of
themselves
Spain
use,
irremediable.
considered
which
closed,
already
in
as
arms,
painful
been
had
in
were
from
return
my
name
my
Filipinos
Some
to
tirst
had
it,
opposed
impossibility.
to
that
words
ray
the
scheme
are
RIZAL'S
116
FAREWELL
utterly absurd,
was
bring: gfreat
"1
did
the
accord
bring,
would
at
most
anxious
still
am
pi'ior
by
itself
for
of
have
worthy
my
without
have
liberties
of
the
written
for
them.
and
individuality
of
these
writings
which
likewise
that
there
the
its
people,
study
no
(and repeat
have
of
and
as
that
country
and
own
is
2)lace
our
one
am
But
liberties.
the
My
country,
industry
of
if.
record.
our
of
it
useless
such
proofs
education
instruction
an
in
given
desirous
condition
means
may
have
stifling
fortunate,
of
is
in
ills which
prevent
equally
but
used
be
the
myself
could
own
offices,
to
of
my
mv
best, toward
considered
countrymen,
of
name,
my
seem
This
misfortunes.
against
good
my
for, convinced
sacrifice,
any
even
might
rebellion;
the
alone
not
way
later,
materialized,
movement
life, and
whatever
would
worse,
was
When
more.
offered
very
my
what
and,
sufferings,
even
advice,
ADDRESS
make
mended
recom-
civic
tues,
vir-
redemption.
my
words)
RizAL's
118
to
of
sons
from
come
Don
Jose
the
present
of
the
people
"For
of
not
Rizal
summarized
proofs
down
your
shall
lead
"So
far
could
rebellion.
of
you
from
advance
the
is
these
my
being
this
the
reason
gained
those
the
now
culture
of
for
asset
successful
issue.
opportuneness,
manifesto
His
words:
"Because
certainty
countrymen.
Promised
the
in
For
its
rebellion's
arms,
to
when
its
inferred
be
can
aims.
in
be
valuable
most
of
nor
as
now
than
rebels,
questioTi
condemning
it to
leaves
loyal
declarations,
considers
he
guarantee
principles
of
be
the
be
lay
shall
and
might
my
the
be
movement
dishonorable
by
which
to
to
independence
less
followed
combat
the
himself
but
wished-for
by procedures
being
his
to
because
impossible,
the
claim
insurrectionary'
and
triumph
that
limits
Rizal
premature
who
those
According
Spain.
tendencies
and
manifestations
separatist
ought
address
farp:well
fail,
to
Later
Land."
conducive
to
the
future
the
peace,
spirit
publication
it
of
of
RIZAL'S
the
proposed
these
papers
therein
'"Manila,
and
be
added
December
Your
public,
forwarded
to
Excellency
but
to
the
lUth,
IV.)
and
impolitic,
seems
to
made
being
ADDRESS
address
recommend
would
its
KAREWKLL
to
the
case
1896.
order
Judge
against
to
forbid
that
Advocate
Rizal."
all
RizAL's
"Additions"
These
him
the
before
defence
and
and
The
selected
jor
the
he
words
did
with
his
croivd,
unrebuked
Ills
death,
rfcalls
the
Jefi-ei/s
and
(f the
Reign
testify himself,
favor
his
tvays,
much
him,
as
/veil
in
implicating
had
as
vain
the
in
been
in
other
endeavor
Doctor.
while
for
assizes
tribunals
compelled
to
no
hear
the
ynediaeval
extort
and
timony
tes-
dared
behalf,
with
to
the
u'itness
his
tortured,
to
sat
him
of
bloody
permitted
a))pear
was
clamored
was
prosecution,
less
brother
oivn
serenes
the
for
in
Uizal
bloodthirsty
He
nut
uuis
back
of the
the
Terror.
of
given
of
army
argument
court,
stories
tenant
lieu-
superiors
ivhere
scene,
the
rebellion.
young
his
his
but
cieties
so-
Spanish
of
corded
by
junior
court
elbows
the
of Judge
say,
the
him,
displeasure
The
weah.
hours
the
the
on
revolutionary
pennitted
from
officers, risked
pitiably
him,
so
lltz(d's
comlemyied
tried
organized
only counsel
the few
ichich
have
to
having
of
martial
co2irt
pretended
charge
really Doctor
were
and
thumbmodern
confession
126
RIZAL'S
was
assumed
an
when
in
the
members
has
the
in
not
had
of
then
step
of
that
they
were
with
not
single
last
they
They
"
hour
not
its
was
it. for
sufficiently
serious
When
knew
of
dence
correspon-
surprise
shown.
name
my
with
proof
be
can
cruelly abused
to
that
nothing,
negative
mine
took
it proves
maintaining
Another
if
ter
mat-
they
Valenzuela,
I
not
communicate
that
of
Sr.
wanted
sides,
Be-
known
me.
letter
tion
atten-
comings
proves
have
that
was
the
attract
for
from
aware
sion
occa-
promoters
should
what
Valenzuela's
with
is
If
servants.
true,
to
five
large expenses?
Sr.
sending
two
rebellion
them.
Thirdly
did
it
that
say,
hide
to
the
the
the
uprising
an
not
at
of
correspondence
making
that
fact
me
been
is to
incur
cost,
travellinsr
were
Pio
der
un-
considerable
besides
Don
and
mere
inform
to
for
Valenzuela
were
charged
one
any
at
family
my
there
of
Pio
steamer
been
was
Don
name,
same
of
what
send
to
necessary
DEFENCE
me.
me
and
Why
before?
is
They
might
resigned
least
at
Only
made
volunteer
to
warn
details
of
convinced
but
Sr.
His
when
wrote
embarked
at
said
His
"
I took
Excellency,
the
part
or
you
persist
letter
in
your
that
on
had
General,
Cuba,
for
have
gone
in
of
to
Dapitan
conditional.
idea
tended
unat-
affairs
my
staid
was
that
precautions,
no
could
have
simply
Excellency's
"If
yet
security^
Governor
all
as
posted
departure
leaving
And
to.
for
Yaienzuela)
once,
go
considered
(besides
my
of
possible
not
was
movement
place
to
in
was
As
and
announcing
me
another
the
it
me.
innocent
wholly
of
Valenzuelacame
myself
put
fused
re-
dilferenc"^s
sought
Pio
him.
to
compromise
might
myself
the
miglit
according
because,
they
that
that
had
I had
Don
liad
consequence
having
padre,
Cuba.
to
me
in
tent,
con-
number
from
months,
missionary
for
which
me
affairs,
if not
was,
fate,
my
rescue
last
domestic
certain
with
to
me
these
in
to
propositions
various
people
that
likewise
say
127
DEFENCE
KIZAL'S
going
It
to
328
RIZAL'S
etc."
Cuba,
found
1
When
offered
myself
should
had
have
tried
and
when
other
for
Spain
staid
hoped
to
Fourthly.-
permitted
and
long
still
gotten
Moros
whom
would
land
nor
"
of
What
conscience
the
week.
the
in
the
has
one
said
chief
that
is he
who
had
might
of
the
Neither
bought
nor
with
live
to
lasted
vintas
hospital
was
coast
If
settlements.
family
which
small
my
of
and
boats
political activity,
in
my
kind
passports
along
times
even
built
Some
had
easy
en
ashore
1 went
absences
at
I knew
invited
port
some
had
excursions
away
have
Fifthly.
chief.
make
intentions
have
an
Dapitan
I wished,
as
had
In
"
had
out
set
Cuba.
to
settlements,
the
to
as
to
go
in
who
conscience
where
passengers
over.
later
uneasy
escape
especially Singapore,
route,
and
to
an
and
lency.
Excel-
His
to
days
had
it
"Castilla",
warship
fourten
or
and
Europe,
the
occurred
uprising
unconditionally
Twelve
for
the
board
on
me
DEFENCE
me.
was
is
the
ignor-
RTZAL'S
ed
in
he
may
the
says
they
Sixthly.
whose
aims
the
have
in
arts,
first
harmful
that
If
"
"
of
The
which
the
never
he
as
prejudiced
into
any
attention
days
later.
as
to
months
nine
is
now
real
after
since
reoroanized
said,
fact.
"Liga"
and
had
By-Laws
try,
indus-
came
few
persons,
the
all
at
paid
was
other
till' radicals
Had
when
action,
workiiio-,
to
exiled
tendencies
Kalipunan
tliat
reverse.
one
it
its
united
not
gut
no
was
by
Ninthly-
of
"Liji;a"
tn'rr
ignorant
was
who
only
commerce,
means
the
The
meeting
afterwards
chief
promote
rather
nor
Eitjhtlilv.
notified
I drafted
witnesses
"
it, because
that
by
etc,
favor,
existence
the
to
were
Seventhly
he
is
is true
testified
my
is
"'Lij^a":
It
"
12y
yes?
say
the
to
who
How
escape?
As
"
and
plottinj^
no,
DEFENCE
to
was
"Liga"
was
not
the
proof
leave
what
society
is
the
with
fact
the
it, organizing
answered
lacked
only
their
poses.
pur-
little
of
130
RTZAL'S
being
left
it; besides,
of
out
simply
of
counted
did
nor
society
ther
nei-
they
"Liga"
would
had
they
when
stige
pre-
abandoned
that
the
they
otherwise
the
retained
having
on
me
for
have
clearly
chief,
the
am
would
all, proves
purposes,
madeanotlier
I
and
Their
modified
have
me
they
would
radicals
would
for
"Liga".
and
the
allege,
some
name,
my
name
their
it but
if, as
name
it,
rebellion,
consideration
of
the
for
adapted
have
not
DEFENCE
serve
liave
not
already
one
organized.
Tenthly.
As
"
that, if there
it will
they
of
are
consider
bitter
any
the
all
my
were
deported,
from
an
inquiry
Then
in
case
in
which,
had
we
the
been
and
of
Administracion
brancli
according
court
in
them,
of
to
the
our
which
deprived
lands,
warehouses,
consequence
of
the
under
brothers-in-law
(tax-collecting
a
criticisms
circumstances
dwellings,
two
besides
letters, I begof
my
written.
were
our
to
my
a
suit
and
brother
arising
de
cienda
Ha-
government),
attorney
(in
Madrid),
on
Linares
Sr.
That
Eleventhly.
for
of
of
that
able
the
town,
of
the
of
of
even
the
had
miii.
I resided
of
years
missionary
very
exile^
parish
with
differences
personal
my
politico
where
four
ed,
alleg-
what
the
district
these
during
charge
for
ask
out
with-
exile
the
but
And
commanders
conduct
endured
have
true,
not
write.
to
priests despite
of
rif^ht
the
bad
we
because
not
was
my
"
complaint,
tary
Rivas,
side.
our
been
131
DEFENCE
RIZAL'S
one
them.
Twelfthly.
tious
All
"
and
little-founded
the
destroy
facts
these
considera.
accusation
of
those
who
asked
1 have
possible
up
all
went
no
wards'?
inlluenced
the
that
in
Judge
against
to
If
for
the
by
few
my
it died
who
words
me,
with
whom
Is
confronted.
at
etc.,
commerce,
further
be
single night
filibusterism,
the
discussed
testified
have
was
able
they
line
gathering
which
gathering
which
after-
immediately
were
to
present
would
it
had
been
not
have
RIZAL'S
132
let
the
to
interview
me.
Why
whom
those
forsaken
on
undertake
to
by
demonstrated
for
since
the
in
have
of
private
Fort
in
they
opposed
or
that,
Dec.
realizing
refused
unpromising.
I
it,
found
the
on
has
26,
contrary
proven.
1896.
JOSE
taken
concerned
making
the
as
been
have
society
have
nor
that
to
have
nor
but
and
well
very
have
must
purposes,
conversation
Santiago,
knew
did
neither
in
cause
Be-
considerations
these
to
sent,
me
useless
others,
rebellion,
been
politics
that
revolutionary
part
with
mission
unknown
confidence?
more
rebellion,
that
trust
had
Ka-
Dapitan
to
acquaintance
an
have
the
went
entirely
acquainted
had
views
my
not
formed
who
founded
Who
Persons
was
those
night
not.
me?
that
it
that
think
would
Is
"Liga"
the
tipunan?
that
die.
"Liga"
of
part
DEFENCE
RIZAL.
public
Respecting
liad
when
told
him
sent
because
that
my
me
would
anything
happened
went
on
This
movement.
he
had
of
the
show
to
and
don't
plied
re-
that
prove
consider
that
one
and
then
absurd
how
Pio
later
life
my
would
1,
is
been
me.
said
which
country
our
patience,
patience
me
"Besides,
innocence.
but
to
more.
compromise
have
he
and
have
that
me,
arranged.
no
compassion
should
they
suffer."
the
it
probably
that
if
had
then
in
see
etc.
bear
should
added
they
to
etc.,
could
they
that
He
etc.
they
July,
of
being
was
being
was
came
absurd,
was
that
me
etc.,
it
what
second
or
uprising
that
answered
of
ValenzAiela
an
him
advised
first
Pio
that
saying
all
at
the
until
1896,
notice
no
planned
Rebellion.
the
Valenzuela
will
was
tified.
tes-
"
He
"
did
not
tell
me
that
my
name
was
136
RIZAL'S
being
its
used,
chief,
Those
do
neither
treated
anything
who
testify
that
was
society?
Either
for
name
deceived
by
chief
own
who
arranjjement,
about
way
the
last
July
of
activity.
themselves
and
moment,
1892
It
of
Since
seems
my
have
entirely
have
some
najiie
for
their
any
in
he
any
until
enterprise
the
the
is
makes
when
then,
my
been
Where
an
disobeyed?
their
have
they
nor
or
of
consulted
not
sent
pre-
with
use
have.
important
so
it, is
against
is
they
or
made
order
no
ever
chiefship
them
or
who
dictates
who
do
this
purposes
others
having
proofs
have
they
their
of
with
was
(which
chief
the
am
accepted
relations
sort.
know
what
having
in
that
do
that
suggest
of
them),
my
he
that
nor
with
of
did
nor
know
not
DEFENCE
decides
seventh
of
ceased
political
wished
to
own
ends.
avail
One
All
by
loved
Dead
naoved
and
on,
among;
from
nnarried
or
passed
have
they
one
gone,
me
"
For
all
By
fate
place
too,
For
my
For
the
For
Tell
chains
laurel,
thy
couldst
Thou
song
Defiance
From
blind.
from
for
sorrow
to
"A
the
Ml
requested
seek
me
weak,
the
crime.
tyrant's
Musa"
speak:
me,
sublime,
voice
ever
of
bind.
leavest
thou
with
art
that
prisons
before
me
find:
offers
but
temple,
But
depa.rt:
Muse,
fairer
land
upon
stung.
are
regions
Other
heart
my
adverse
thou
Go
(18^4),
by
young
lady
of
Madrid.