INDEX

Acadmie franaise, 8, 28, 88, 923, 98

Acadmie royale des science, des lettres et des
beaux-arts de Belgique, 4, 16, 18, 37, 49,
612, 66, 70, 73, 78, 80, 845, 87, 90,
95, 102, 112, 116, 129, 156, 1602
Altona, 78, 102, 108
American Philosophical Society, 7
American Sociological Association, 151
Ampre, Andr-Marie, 83
anticlericalism, 66
Arago, Dominique-Franois-Jean, 7, 12, 16,
23, 8896, 102, 105, 109, 161, 163
art and science (debate), 15, 202, 247,
312, 346, 40, 423, 54, 59, 62, 65,
86, 1067
astrology, 767
astronomy, 7, 1617, 43, 55, 59, 689, 713,
756, 86, 8990, 92, 94, 99105, 107,
109, 111, 11415, 1235, 128, 131,
1613
See alsoobservatories (general)
public, 67, 75, 778
Athne de Bruxelles, 15, 50, 55, 59, 66, 75,
78, 85

See also Low Countries; See also United

Kingdom of the Netherlands
education, 15
history, 1, 8, 84, 156, 163
industry, 1, 86
canals, 823, 86
mines, 823, 86
railroads, 83, 86
intellectual life, 1, 5, 15, 23, 73, 78, 96,
141
science, 1, 8, 17, 43
Belpaire, Antoine, 81
Berlin, 104
Berlin Academy, 84
Berlin Urania, 78
Berral, J. A., 23, 91
biology, 6, 1523, 159
body mass index See Quetelet, Adolphe:
body mass index
Bonald, Louis Gabriel Ambroise, Vicomte
de, 212, 24, 40, 43, 59, 91
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 19, 21, 29, 56, 66, 91,
126
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1112, 14, 134
Bouvard, Alexis, 7, 12, 16, 73, 75, 81, 83,
8891, 936, 1023, 105, 109, 112,
126, 161
Brabant Revolution (178990), 61
Brown, Robert, 108
Brown, Samuel, 83
Buckle, Henry Thomas, 136, 14550, 154
History of Civilization in England (1857),
1447
Buck, Peter, 5
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de,
22, 92

Copyright

Babbage, Charles, 7, 95
Bache, Alexander Dallas, 7
Baily, Francis, 98
Baker, Keith Michael, 27
Becker, Barbara J., 43
Belgian Revolution (1830), 16, 73, 75, 82,
112, 1267
Belgium, 1, 45, 7, 1620, 24, 358, 401,
44, 56, 63, 6571, 73, 75, 78, 801,
857, 89, 91, 946, 98, 1012, 1045,
1089, 11415, 122, 1256, 136, 142,
1556, 158, 1615

215

867 Adolphe Quetelet.indd 215

20/04/2015 13:49:40

216

Adolphe Quetelet, Social Physics and the Average Men of Science 17961874

Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 45, 68

Desrosires, Alain, 5
determinism, 15, 34, 52, 120, 131, 1346,
Cabanis, Pierre Jean George, 26, 28, 34
1434, 1468, 150, 154, 156, 158
Cape of Good Hope, 164
Dewez, Louis, Secrtaire Perptuel, AcaCardano, Gerolamo, 77
dmie royale de Belgique (18204), 80,
Cassini, Jean Dominique (Cassini IV), 72
845
Cassirer, Ernst, 26
dHolbach, Paul-Henri Thiry, Baron, 31
Catholic Church, 21, 29, 3941, 43, 656, Dickens, Charles, 5
689, 823, 122, 126, 1556, 158
Dorpat Observatory, 72
Cauchy, Franois, 812, 856
Durkheim, mile, 9, 1356, 14851, 153,
Cawood, John, 164
163
Charles V, 45, 59, 164
Suicide (1897), 149
Chateaubriand, Franois-Ren de, 15, 21,
2935, 401, 434, 489, 545, 59, 68, earth sciences Seeclimatology
92, 158, 161
eclecticism SeeCousin, Victor: eclecticism
influence on Quetelet, 30
cole polytechnique (France), 79, 88, 913,
Chteauneuf, Louis-Franois Benoiston de,
162
121
Encyclopaedia (French), 21, 26, 28, 30
Christian VII, King of Denmark, 103
Enlightenment, 2, 6, 17, 1923, 268, 302,
climatology, 4, 164
34, 367, 3941, 46, 52, 5960, 65,
Collins, Randall, 1214
76, 106, 111, 114, 1245, 1345, 157,
Commission central de statistique, 81
1612, 1678
Comte, Auguste, 6, 22, 28, 32, 38, 41, 135,
egalitarianism, 2, 167
145, 147, 153
philosophes, 6, 22, 26, 2830, 32, 37, 41,
Condillac, tienne Bonnot de, 31, 36
60, 124, 162, 167
Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine de Caritat,
progress, 12, 6, 23, 324, 401, 49, 51,
Marquis de, 2, 6, 15, 17, 24, 269, 312,
59, 67, 94, 101, 111, 116, 162
60, 65, 71, 88, 90, 97, 113, 126, 145, Esquirol, Jean-tienne Dominique, 7, 141
161, 163, 167
evolution, 152, 158
influence on Quetelet, 278
Falck, Antoine Reinhard, 703, 7981,
social science, 268, 124, 159
856, 8890, 105, 131, 161
Copernicus, Nicolaus, 77, 92
Faraday, Michael, 7
Cousin, Victor, 37, 402
fatalism, 143, 154
eclecticism, 15, 20, 3542
Fonfrde, Henri, 155, 157
sens commun, 40
Fontanes, Louis-Marcelin, marquis de, 334
Crahay, Jacques, 812, 86
Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph, 7, 27, 88, 109,
criminology, 2, 111, 133
116
Cuvier, George, 88
France, 4, 1920, 23, 2930, 325, 378, 43,
dAlembert, Jean le Rond, 24, 269, 44, 54,
57, 60, 65, 68, 79, 82, 85, 878, 904,
5960, 92, 124, 126, 161
96, 104, 107, 113, 119, 127, 133, 139,
Dandelin, Germinal Pierre, 445, 53, 557,
141, 148, 157, 1612
59, 613, 66, 802
bureaucracy, 21, 29, 34, 62, 656, 82, 88,
Darwin, Charles, 135
109, 162
Daston, Lorraine, 34, 115
intellectual life, 21
David, Jacques-Louis, 44, 601
science, 34, 88
Decker, Pierre de, 17, 136, 1549, 165, 212
Frederick VI, King of Prussia, 103
demography, 55, 163

Copyright

867 Adolphe Quetelet.indd 216

20/04/2015 13:49:41

Index

217

free will, 17, 36, 121, 134, 136, 1424, 147 Institut de France, 60, 84, 88
8, 1501, 1537, 159, 162
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
French Revolution (1789), 201, 57
17, 164
Fuchs, Stephan, 1314
International Maritime Conference (1853),
17, 162
Galilei, Galileo, 14, 77, 92
Galton, Francis, 6, 135, 1523, 163
Joseph II, 23
Garfield, James, 7
Kerseboom, Willem, 98, 101
Garnier, J. G., 90, 946, 99
Gauss, Carl Friedrich, 7, 12, 16, 53, 71, 88, Knapp, George Friredrich, 148
Kuhn, Thomas, 7
1023, 107, 109, 114, 1634
Gaussian distribution, 7, 889, 94, 102, 107,
Lacroix, Sylvestre, 27
129
Laensberg, Phillipe, 69
Germany, 4, 9, 13, 16, 1920, 23, 29, 325,
Lalande, Jrme, 88
57, 72, 77, 79, 82, 878, 102, 1045,
Lamartine, Alphonse de, 345, 55
1079, 113, 1478, 157, 1612
Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquis de, 24, 289,
Ghent, 1213, 15, 1820, 223, 26, 2930,
65, 109, 150, 160
446, 4950, 53, 559, 623, 66, 689,
Essai philosophique sur les probabilities
75, 79, 812, 90, 92, 96, 98, 122, 126,
(1814), 96
156, 1612
Laplaces demon, 143
Gillispie, Charles Coulton, 29
See alsodeterminism; See alsofree will;
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 7, 12, 16, 20,
See alsofatalism
46, 57, 88, 102, 1069, 162
Lavoisier, Antoine, 88
Goldman, Lawrence, 6
Legendre, Adrien-Marie, 88
Gombaud, Antoine, Chevalier de Mr, 114
Lemaire, Jean-Franois, 989
Graunt, John, 113
Le Play, Pierre Guillaume Frdric, 5
lhomme moyen SeeQuetelet, Adolphe: averHacking, Ian, 147, 157
age man
Halbwachs, Maurice, 9
Lobatto, Reheul, 98
Hankins, Frank, 89, 1478, 1513
Lombroso, Cesare, 135
Hankins, Thomas, 26
Lottin, Joseph, 9, 1478, 1503
Hapsburg Empire, 1, 19, 23
Louis XVIII, 29, 60
Heilbron, Johan, 20
Low Countries, 15, 17, 19, 23, 44, 5960, 69,
Helvtius, Claude Adrien, 111, 135
73, 82, 89, 95, 119, 123, 161, 164
Herschel, John, 43, 723, 83, 87, 148, 164
Herschel, William, 7
Maclean, Michael, 147
Hoffman, Johann Gottfried, 104
Mailly, Edouard, 26, 45
Holland, 66, 6870, 98
Mainville, Jacques de, 97
history, 71
Maistre, Joseph-Marie, comte de, 145, 155,
science, 68
157
Horace, 45, 50, 589, 63
Malthus, Thomas Robert, 7, 117, 123, 125
Huggins, William, 43
Manuel, Frank, 6, 28, 162
Hugo, Victor, 59
Marx, Karl, 5, 59
Humboldt, Alexander von, 7, 12, 16, 43, 83,
materialism, 26, 36, 38, 40, 52, 135, 147, 152,
878, 102, 105, 109, 164
154
Maxwell,
James Clerk, 7, 135, 159
ideologues, 20, 23, 26, 28
Medelssohn, Felix, 105
industry SeeBelgium: industry

Copyright

867 Adolphe Quetelet.indd 217

20/04/2015 13:49:41

218

Adolphe Quetelet, Social Physics and the Average Men of Science 17961874

meteorology, 5, 7, 17, 47, 51, 99, 101, 105,

109, 11112, 163
Mill, John Stuart, 145, 147, 150
Molire (ean-Baptiste Poquelin), 58
Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat,
Baron de, 120, 159
Morren, Charles, 116, 164
mortality, 968, 101, 11617, 11923, 125,
127, 130, 149

Pirenne, Henri, 1920, 87

Poisson, Simeon Denis, 7, 16, 27, 72, 88, 90,
109, 115, 161
Polignac, Jules de, 68
Porter, Theodore, 147, 157
positivism, 28, 34, 38, 402
probability, 9, 15, 245, 29, 73, 88, 947,
104, 11115, 119, 1245, 154, 159, 161

quantification, 5, 7, 50, 1634

Napoleonic Wars (17991815), 65, 164
Quetelet, Adolphe
Neptune (discovery), 90, 93
average man, 13, 5, 1617, 98, 1267,
Netherlands, 5, 23, 44, 54, 567, 59, 66, 68,
130, 1335, 1378, 141, 1456, 149
70, 73, 81, 116, 119, 122, 156, 162
52, 159, 161, 165, 168
Newton, Sir Isaac, 8, 31, 45, 50, 92
body mass index, 4, 12930
Nieuport, Charles, Commandeur de, 60, 80
Correspondance mathmatique et physique
Nourrit, Adolphe, 126
(182534), 4, 16, 83, 88, 95101,
115, 11820, 157, 162
observational sciences, 117, 125, 127
critical studies of, 910
Observatoire de Paris, 73, 88, 91
criticism, 17, 34, 57, 72, 11415, 125,
Observatoire royal de Bruxelles (later, de Bel138, 144, 1467, 1523
gique), 4, 16, 667, 70, 74, 85
opera, 15, 445, 4950, 63
construction, 16, 54, 58, 62, 73, 75, 78,
Jean Second (1816), 456, 56
81, 102, 115, 132, 164
M. Dise ou lauteur dans lembarras
instruments, 71, 78, 88, 99, 112
(1819), 479, 54
observatories (general), 4, 13, 16, 67, 72,
Moschur (181617), 467, 51
778, 87, 89, 99102, 105, 116, 1567,
poetry, 15, 18, 21, 30, 35, 42, 445, 48,
162
501, 535, 579, 62, 767, 86, 89,
instruments, 68, 72, 89, 94
107
telescopes, 70, 723, 77
mon ami de Reiffenberg, 52
Olbers, Heinrich, 1034, 107, 109, 161
ptre Dandelin, 53
Ots, Charles, 45, 56
La Pote et la Raison, 54
Ovid, 45, 63, 76
La Pote mourant son lampe, 50, 195
LIllusion, 523
Panama Canal (Belgian Delegation), 812
popular astronomy Seeastronomy: public
Paris, 5, 13, 16, 20, 27, 37, 535, 57, 603,
Sciences mathmatique et physique chez les
67, 713, 778, 801, 8791, 939,
belges (1866), 1, 4, 17, 81
102, 109, 115, 11920, 1267, 142,
scientific networks, 1314, 44, 878,
161, 163
111, 161
Pascal, Blaise, 237, 29, 31, 45, 50, 54, 59,
social physics, 12, 1617, 112, 123, 125,
114, 161
127, 136, 1535, 157, 15961, 165
esprit finesse and esprit gomtre, 25
Sur lhomme et le dveloppement de ses
Pearson, Karl, 6, 135, 1523
facults (1835), 7, 89, 95, 101, 112,
periodic phenomena, 112
1278, 132, 134, 1369, 1435, 147,
physics, 2, 45, 7, 11, 17, 20, 25, 71, 73, 75,
149, 160
93, 96, 11112, 117, 121, 1238, 133,
Queteletismus See Quetelet, Adolphe: criti1356, 144, 1467, 1536, 159, 162,
cism
168

Copyright

867 Adolphe Quetelet.indd 218

20/04/2015 13:49:41

Index
Raoul, Louis-Vincent, 44, 50, 55, 5762, 82
Reichesberg, Nam, 1478, 150
Reiffenberg, Baron de, 3641, 44, 55, 57,
613, 802, 84, 93
Romanticism, 15, 20, 2930, 325, 37, 41,
434, 46, 4850, 53, 578, 76, 1067,
1612
French, 29, 41
German, 20, 23, 30, 57
Royal Greenwich Observatory, 99
Royal Society of London, 84
Sabine, Edward, 83, 95, 164
Saint-Simon, Comte de, 28, 32
Sarton, George, 7
Schumacher, Heinrich, 103, 109
sciences of man, 2, 6, 115, 134, 157, 167
See alsosocial sciences
Simons, Pierre, 812, 856
Skinner, Quentin, 11
social sciences, 2, 5, 7, 75, 113, 1356, 150,
153, 160, 1678
See alsosciences of man
Stal, Madame de (Anne Louise Germaine
Necker, Baronne de Stael-Holstein), 15,
21, 23, 30, 325, 37, 44, 50, 54, 104,
161
De la littrature considre dans ses rapports avec les institutions sociales
(1800), 324
statistical tables
births, 16, 99, 104, 11617, 120
criminal acts and prisons, 133
deaths, 97, 104, 11617, 11920
height, 104, 106, 12733, 139, 141, 162
population, 42, 75, 81, 88, 96, 989, 104,
107, 109, 11617, 11920, 123, 127,
1301, 133, 138, 142, 152, 1634
weight, 12731, 133, 141
statistics, 2, 5, 910, 1516, 25, 41, 55, 59,
65, 73, 75, 88, 969, 101, 104, 107, 109,
11115, 119, 121, 1247, 133, 142,
144, 147, 1517, 159, 161,163
See alsoquantification
correlation, 99, 123, 153
German, 104, 11415, 1245, 161

219

Stigler, Stephen, 114

Sssmilch, Johann, 113
Switzerland, 142
terrestrial magnetism, 5, 17, 107, 163
Thtre de Gand, 45
Thtre Royale de Monnaie, 126
Tocqueville, Alexis Charles Henri Maurice
Clerel de, 88
Treaty of Westphalia (1648), 66
Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques, 28, 31, 65, 88,
90
United Kingdom of the Netherlands, 5, 16,
1920, 424, 47, 54, 567, 59, 657,
6970, 72, 81, 87, 98, 119, 126, 156,
1612
administration, 19, 66, 72, 79, 89, 98,
107, 162
education, 234, 389, 43, 75, 86, 934,
104, 1212, 156, 164
history, 150
University of Louvain, 5, 150
French occupation, 57, 79

Copyright

867 Adolphe Quetelet.indd 219

Van de Weyer, Sylvain, 368, 41

Van Ewyck, Daniel-Jacob, 713, 75, 80, 96,
99, 131, 164
van Hulthem, Charles, Secrtaire Perptuel,
Acadmie royale de Belgique (1815
20), 7981, 85
van Meenen, Pierre Franois, 36, 1545
Venn, John, 148
Verhulst, Pierre-Franois, 98
Villerm, Louis-Ren, 7, 88, 959, 109, 120,
122, 144
Virgil, 50, 58, 131
Voltaire, 23, 267, 29, 39, 55, 66, 124
Wagner, Adolphe, 147
Waterloo, 19, 126
Weimer, 20, 106
Whewell, William, 7, 1089
William I, King of the Netherlands, 36, 57,
60, 66, 80, 878, 90, 161
Wulf, Maurice de, 36

20/04/2015 13:49:41