Emerging Optical Transport

Technology and Architecture

Suhas Mansingh
Sr. Director, Engineering

Converged Optical and Routing Business Unit

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Increase
Service
Velocity

Reduce
CAP and
OP EX

Ease of
Operation

Enhance
Availability
and
Resiliency

Reduce /
Simplify
Planning
and
Forecasting

Need to address the Network not a Box or Layer

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40% CAGR 2008-2013

Internet-Video-to-TV is the highest growing

Internet category with a CAGR of 150%

Source: Cisco Visual Networking IndexForecast, 2008-2013

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Optics
IP

40G and 100G

Coherent

Routing

400-1TB

Services

Tunable XFP &

SFP+

MPLS
MPLS-TP

Transport
ROADM
Metro, Regional, LH
Colorless OmniDir

Flexible Spectrum
Control Plane
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CP: Coherent Polarized

Leverages on Polarization Multiplexing to transmit with Lower Baud Rate (e.g.

40Gbps as 10GBaud / 100Gbps as 25GBaud)

Leverages on Coherent Detection and Electronic Post-Processing to provide

high tolerance to PMD and CD

DQPSK: Differential QPSK

Differential operating mode provides required system robustness against Laser

Cycle Slips
Laser Cycle Slips can be caused by ASE, Laser Phase Noise and XPM (induced

by 10G IM/DD channels)

Even w/o 10G channels ASE and Laser Phase Noise can cause Laser Cycle

Slips

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11

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QPSK1

10

00

11

01

2+2bit/symbol
e.g. 100 Gbps
Capacity with a
25 Gbps Optical
Bandwidth

QPSK2
25Gb/s

QPSK1 Modulator
25Gb/s

Laser

25Gb/s

100 Gbps = 25 Gbaud

QPSK2 Modulator
25Gb/s

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Direct Detection
Must correct for impairments in the physical domain (insert DCUs)

Forced to live with non-correctable impairments via network design

(limit distance, regenerate, adjust channel spacing)
DCU

DCU

DCU
DD

DD

Regen

Coherent Detection
Moves impairment correction from the optical domain into the digital domain
Allows for digital correction of impairments (powerful DSP) vs. physical
correction of impairments (DCUs). Adds advanced FEC.
Massive performance improvements over Direct Detection.
CD

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100 Gbps

1 Tbps

1 Tbps

NO restrictions on Channels Spacing

Modulation Format
Wavelengths with different Bit Rates.
Higher per-channel bit Rates
Control non-linear effects (XPM, FWM)
7 - Odd

6 - Even

6 - Odd

5 - Even

5 - Odd

4 - Even

4 - Odd

3 - Even

3 - Odd

2 - Even

1- Even

2 - Odd

100 Gbps

1 - Odd

400 Gbps

100 Gbps

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Flex Spectrum ROADM

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WSON control plane

Zero-Touch Photonic Layer
ANY
Modulation
Format

Contentionless ROADM
Fully Flexible ROADM

ANY
Channel Bit
Rate

ANY
Portion of
the Optical
Spectrum

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ANY
Combinatio
n of
Wavelength
s to ANY
Degree from
ANY Port

Omni-Directional:
ANY Wavelength
to ANY Degree

Colourless:
ANY Wavelength
to ANY Add/Drop
port

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Restoration Ability to
reroute a dangling resource to
another path after protection
switch.

Tunable Laser Transmit

laser can be provisioned to
any frequency in the C-Band.

Colorless ROADM add

Key Values

ports provisioned in software

and rejects any other
wavelengths.

Complete Control in Software

No Manual Movement of Fibers
Increased Service Velocity
Control Plane Can Automate Provisioning, Restoration, Network
Migration, Maintenance

ROADM

Foundation for IP+Optical!!

Tunable Receiver
Coherent Detection accepts
provisioned wavelength and
rejects all others.

TX

RX

TX

RX

Flex Spectrum Ability to

provision the amount of
spectrum allocated to each
Wavelength allowing for 400G
and 1T bandwidths.

Contention-less In the
same Add/Drop device you
can add and drop the same
frequency to multiple ports.

Omni-Directional
Wavelength can be routed
from any Add/Drop port to any
direction in software.

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 Alien wavelength (open

network)

Bandwidth addition on the

same connection

Transponder (closed network)

New connection setup

ITU-T interfaces (segmented

network)

Network failure reaction

2nd failure handling

Multiple SLA options (Bronze

0+1, Super Bronze 0+1+R,
Platinum 1+1, Super Platinum
1+1+R)

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Client
interface
registration

Wavelength
on demand
(Zero
planning
wavelength
setup)

Optical
shared
restoration:
0+1+R and
1+1+R

GMPLS UNI

Wavelength reroute for

manual restoration

Common development
with Routing platform
Fully integrated IPoWDM
control plane solution
providing Bandwidth on
demand

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