Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DEL
ESTADO DE MEXICO
FASE I
25- Septiembre- 2013
GRUPO NO. 12
ARTICULO EN INGLES
CAUSE OF INTELLIGENCE
Angela Oswalt, MSW, edited by Mark Dombeck, PhD
CAUSES OF INTELLIGENCE
Angela Oswalt, MSW, edited by Mark Dombeck, Ph.D.
These knowledge-based questions are more like the questions that are used in
traditional IQ tests. Therefore, these children may feel more comfortable dealing
these types of tasks, and therefore score maximally well (in relationship to their actual
intelligence) on such tests.
Socioeconomic Influences on Intelligence
Family socioeconomic status (SES) also affects children's development of
intelligence. Specifically, research suggests that children from low SES families tend
to have lower IQ scores.
Socioeconomic status has to do with a family's economic and social hierarchy status.
Higher SES families have higher family incomes and greater access to necessary and
optional but desirable resources than lower SES families. Correspondingly, it is much
easier for higher SES families to provide for children's needs in terms of food,
clothing, shelter and health care, and to offer them an enriched array of opportunities
such as education and daycare than for lower SES families.
Children who feel safe, well-fed, and rested, who are healthy, and whose parents
value their intellectual development will be better able and motivated to concentrate
their energy and attention on mental tasks and tests. In contrast, children who
constantly feel afraid for their safety; who are hungry, sick, or chronically exhausted;
and whose parents are overwhelmed and not focused on children's education will
simply not have as much energy or motivation to spend pursuing their cognitive
development. As well, parents who are not struggling to simply meet children's basic
needs have the luxury of energy and time they can spend reading to children, playing
games with them, and becoming involved in their homework and school related
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activities. This extra time and attention builds children's intellectual skills and also
communicates to children that education is highly valued and important, giving them
an advantage over children whose parents cannot provide such attention.
Educational Influences on Intelligence
Researchers have also found that the amount of time children spend in school is
highly related to IQ scores. The more time children spend in school, the higher their
IQ scores tend to be. The likely explanation for this finding is that teachers train
children to answer factual questions, solve problems, and learn specific bodies of
knowledge which then prepares them to answer questions appearing in IQ tests
which have been formulated along similar lines and which draw upon the same
bodies of knowledge taught in school. It follows that children who have more frequent
exposure to educational environments are more prepared to respond to IQ style
questions in a testing situation, and thus tend to do better on IQ tests than children
who do not have as much of this sort of preparation. Therefore, children who miss out
on educational opportunities because they're often absent or truant from school, or
because they change schools frequently can end up disadvantaged when taking an
IQ test.
COMENTARIO