BALANCING

BALANCING

1. Mass
2. Radius
3. Angle

Static

Same plane

mr

Dynamic

Different plane

mrl

EXERCISE 1

Four

masses m1, m2, m3 and m4 are

200kg, 300kg, 240kg, and 260kg
respectively. The corresponding radius
of rotation are 0.2m, 0.15m, 0.25m
and 0.3m respectively. The angle
between mass 1 and 2 = 45 , 1 and 3
=120 also mass 1 and 4 = 255 .
Find the position and magnitude of the
balance mass required if its radius of
rotation is 0.2m.

1ST STEP
Table
Angl
e

of Polygon

Plane Mass,m
(kg)

Radius,r
(m)

Centrifugal
Force
m X r (kgm)

0
45

1
2

200
300

0.2
0.15

40
45

120
255

3
4

240
260

0.25
0.3

60
78

2nd STEP
Space

Diagram

90
0

180
270

2
120
45

225

mb

2nd STEP
Polygon

mr

255
4

Scale
1cm : 10kgm

6cm
7.8cm
120
Resultant
Force, R
1

201

4cm

3
4.5cm
45

From

polygon mr

Resultant Force, R =2.4cm = 2.4 X 10 = 24kgm

The balancing force is equal to the resultant
force
mXr=R
m X 0.2 =24
m = 120kg
Angle of inclination of balancing mass, =201

EXERCISE 2

A,

B, C and D are four masses carried by a

rotating shaft at radius 100,125, 200 and
150 mm respectively. The planes in which
the masses revolve are spaced 600mm
apart and the mass of B, C and D are 10
kg, 5 kg, and 4 kg respectively. Find the
required mass A and the relative angular
settings of the four masses so that the
shaft shall be in complete balance.

1ST STEP
R.P
+ve
B

0.6m

Table
Plane
Angl
e

0.6m

0.6m

of Polygon

Mass, Radius
m
,r
(kg)
(m)

Cent.
Force
(mXr)
[kgm]

Distance
from
plane, l
(m)

Couple
(m X r X
l)
kgm

mA

0.1

0.1mA

10

0.125

1.25

0.6

0.75

0.2

1.2

1.2

0.15

0.6

1.8

1.08

2nd STEP
From table of polygon,
Column mr have 1 unknown, ma
Skip to draw polygon mr and draw polygon
mrl
Scale
1cm : 0.2kgm

260

C
6 cm

5.4 cm
118
O

3.75cm

1ST STEP
R.P
+ve
B

0.6m

Table
Plane
Angl
e

0.6m

0.6m

of Polygon

Mass, Radius
m
,r
(kg)
(m)

Cent.
Force
(mXr)
[kgm]

Distance
from
plane, l
(m)

Couple
(m X r X
l)
kgm

mA

0.1

0.1mA

10

0.125

1.25

0.6

0.75

118

0.2

1.2

1.2

1.8

1.08

260

0.15

0.6

Polygon

mr

Scale
1cm : 0.1kgm

260

10cm

6cm
213
Resultant
Force, R
O

118
12.5cm

Resultant Force, R =5.3cm = 5.3 X

0.1 = 0.53kgm
0.1mA = 0.53
mA = 0.53/0.1 = 5.3kg

EXERCISE 3

Three

masses A, B and C are placed

on a balanced disc as shown at
radius of 120mm, 100mm and
80mm respectively. The masses are
1kg, 0.5kg and 0.7kg respectively.
Find the 4th mass which should be
added at a radius of 60mm in order
to statically Cbalance
the system.
100
B

30
A

1ST STEP
Table
Angl
e

of Polygon

Plane Mass,m
(kg)

Radius,r
(m)

Centrifugal
Force
m X r (kgm)

0
30

A
B

1
0.5

0.12
0.1

0.12
0.05

100

C
D

0.7

0.08
0.06

0.056
0.06mD

mD

2nd STEP
Polygon
Scale
1cm :
0.01kgm

mr

Angle

Plan
e

Mass,
m
(kg)

Radius
,r
(m)

Centrifugal
Force
m X r (kgm)

0.12

0.12

30

0.5

0.1

0.05

100

0.7

0.08

0.056

mD

0.06

0.06mD

he resultant is 17.4cm = 17.4 X 0.01 = 0.174kgm

208

he mass required is 0.174 / 0.06 = 2.9kg

5.6cm

17.4cm
B
5cm
30
O, D

12cm

100

EXERCISE 4

Find

the mass and the angle at

which it should be positioned in
planes A and D at radius of 60mm
in order to produce complete
balance of the system shown.

1ST STEP
Table

Angl
e

Plan
e

R.
P

of Polygon

Mass, Radius, Centrifugal

m
r
Force
(kg)
(m)
m X r (kgm)

Distance, l
(m)

Couple
mXrXl

0.06

0.06

90

0.075

0.375

0.2

0.075

30

0.05

0.1

0.3

0.03

0.06

0.06

0.375

0.0225

2nd STEP
Polygon

mrl

Scale
1cm :
0.01kgm

3cm

9.35cm = 9.35 x 0.01 = 0.0935kgm

B
0.0225 x mD =
0.0935

254
C

30
9.35cm

7.5cm

mD =
4.156kg
O, D

Angl
e

Plan
e

Mass, Radius, Centrifugal

m
r
Force
(kg)
(m)
m X r (kgm)

Distance, l
(m)

Couple
mXrXl

0.06

0.06

90

0.075

0.375

0.2

0.075

30

0.05

0.1

0.3

0.03

254

4.156

0.06

0.249

0.375

0.0225

Polygon

mr

Scale
1cm : 0.1kgm

Polygon

mr

Scale
1cm : 0.1kgm

254
C
1cm

The resultant is 1.9cm = 1.9 x 0.1 = 0.19kgm

3.75cm

30 2.49cm

262
D
1.9cm

O, A

EXERCISE 5

Figure shows THREE (3) masses attached to a shaft. The

shaft is supported by bearings at both ends. The system
is in static equilibrium.
X

2m
2.5 m

3m
4.5 m

Mass MA = 7 kg ,
MB = 12 kg ,
MC = 15 kg ,

Radius rA = 0.2 m
rB = 0.18 m
rC = 0.15 m

By using the data given:

i. complete the mr and mrl table, draw the space diagram, the mr and mrl
ii. Determine the unbalance couple for the shaft when the shaft
rotates at 180 rpm

Soulutions:

Table

of Polygon

Plane
Angl
e

Mass, Radius
m
,r
(kg)
(m)

Cent.
Force
(mXr)
[kgm]

Distance
from
plane, l
(m)

Couple
(m X r X
l)
kgm

Rx

0.2

1.4

2.8

12

0.18

2.16

2.5

5.4

15

0.15

2.25

6.75

Ry

4.5

4.5Ry

1st

draw polygon mr(abaikan Rx

dan Ry)
Scale
1cm:1kgm
246
B

105
O, C

Table

of Polygon

Plane
Angl
e

Mass, Radius
m
,r
(kg)
(m)

Cent.
Force
(mXr)
[kgm]

Distance
from
plane, l
(m)

Couple
(m X r X
l)
kgm

Rx

0.2

1.4

2.8

105

12

0.18

2.16

2.5

5.4

6.75

246

15

0.15

2.25

4.5

4.5Ry

Ry

2nd

draw polygon mrl

Scale
1cm:1kgm
246
B

105
O