Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Today's Question
Click Here
HOME POLITY GEOGRAPHY QUICK LOOK GK CURRENT AFFAIRS BIT BANK THINK... About/Contact
Select Language
Pow ered by
Search here.....
Search
Translate
THE EARTH
KALYANSIR.COM
THE EARTH
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
1/19
8/14/2014
Origin of Earth
Hypothesis of origin of Earth
The age of earth
The shape of earth
Rotation
Revolution
The axis of earth
Latitudes
Longitudes
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
Arctic circle
Antarctic Circle
Standard Time
The structure of the earth
Gaseous Hypothesis
2/19
8/14/2014
Laplace
Nebular Hypothesis
(Nebula means Cloud)
Jeans and Jeffrey
Tidal Hypothesis
Russell
Binary Star Hypothesis
Hoyle
Supernova Hypothesis
Otto Schmidt
Inter stellar Dust
Hypothesis
Abraham Ortelius (Dutch) was the first to propound this theory in the year 1596.
Antonio Pellegrini was the second to propound the theory.
And finally the Continental Drift theory was proposed by Alfred Wegener (Germany)
in the year 1912).
According to this theory:
1.
About 150 million years ago there was only one continent in the World called Pangea.
2.
1.
Around 200 million years ago pangea broke into Laurasia (North) and Gondwanaland
(South).
3/19
8/14/2014
The Big Bang Theory was propounded during 1950s and 1960s.
This theory was validated in the year 1972.
According to this theory everything in the universe emerged from a point known
as Singularity.
AGE OF THE EARTH:
The solid crust of the earth came into existence about 4.6 billion years.
How do you estimate the age of the rocks that forms into the earths crust? It is through
radio carbon dating.
The radio carbon dating technique was developed by Willard Libby (USA, 1908
1980).
Radio carbon dating is also called carbon dating.
THE SHAPE OF THE EARTH:
Just like any other object the earth has got a shape.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
4/19
8/14/2014
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
5/19
8/14/2014
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
6/19
8/14/2014
The total time taken for revolution is 365 days. (365 days 6 hours 9 minutes and 9.54
seconds).
The revolution causes the seasons.
Please Read this:
(Did you observe that there is an additional 1/4th day? We
normally say that there are 365 days in a year. What happened to
the 1/4th day?
Do you know what a leap year is? This is a year with 366 days
with 29 days in February. This happens every 4 years.
Where from it is coming? The additional 1/4th day is taken for 4
years and it becomes 1 day and it is added to the year.
Hope It is clear. If not read again, once you understood please
explain the same to your friend, brother or sister. It improves your
quality of understanding)
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
7/19
8/14/2014
Quick Review:
What causes day and night?
a.
Rotation of the earth
earth
b. Revolution of the
(Answer: A)
(Answer: B)
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
8/19
8/14/2014
LATITUDES
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
9/19
8/14/2014
These are the horizontal lines from East to West on the Surface of the earth.
This is the angular distance of a point on the earths surface measured in degrees from the
centre of the earth. (North or South).
There are 180 latitudes. 90 in the Northern hemisphere and 90 in the southern hemisphere.
The latitudes are also called parallels.
The each line of latitude is a circle.
The lines of latitudes also known as circles of latitudes.
The central line is called equator.
Among the parallels only equator is the great circle. (
What is a great circle? A great circle is a circle on the surface of the earth that passes
through the centre of the earth).
Reaming parallels are small circles.
EQUATOR
The equator divided the earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
10/19
8/14/2014
Equator passes through Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Gabon, Congo, Uganda, Kenya,
Somalia and Indonesia.
LONGITUDES
These are the vertical lines from North to South on the surface of the earth.
This is the angular distance measured in degrees along the equator.
These are also called meridians.
One of these is called Prime Meridian that passes through the Royal observatory,
Greenwich, England.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
11/19
8/14/2014
The prime meridian divides the earth into Eastern hemisphere and the Western
hemispheres.
TROPIC OF CANCER:
This is a parallel.
This is at 23 0 N of the equator.
This is also known as the Northern Circle.
TROPIC OF CAPRICORN:
This is a parallel.
This is at 23 0 S of the equator.
This is also known as the Southern circle.
ARCTIC CIRCLE
This is a parallel.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
12/19
8/14/2014
This is at 66 0 N.
ANTARCTIC CIRCLE
This is a parallel.
This is at 66 0 S.
Please Remember:
Equator (Horizontal line): 00.
Tropic of Cancer: 23 0 N
Arctic Circle: 66 0 N
North Pole: 90 0 N
Tropic of Capricorn: 23 0 S
Antarctic Circle: 66 0 S
South Pole: 90 0 S
Prime Meridian (Vertical line) : 00
International Date Line: 1800
STANDARD TIME:
Kindly read:
v The earth rotates 360 in about 24 hours, which means 15 an
hour or 1 in four minutes. Thus, when it is 12 noon at
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
13/19
8/14/2014
14/19
8/14/2014
There is a total difference of 24 hours between the two sides of 1800 meridian.
At the International Date Line the date changes exactly by 1 day when it is crosses.
The International Date Line passes through Bering Strait (Between USA and Russia),
Fiji, Tonga and other islands.
(What is a Strait? Strait is a narrow strip of water connecting two larger bodies of
water).
USA
b. Russia
India
2.
c.
(Answer: B)
USA
b. Russia
India
3.
c.
(Answer: C)
3600
b. 1800
c. 150
(Answer: C)
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
15/19
8/14/2014
Mohorovicic discontinuity
(Moho)
The Mantle
Gutenberg discontinuity
Lehmann discontinuity
The Crust, the Mantle and the Core are the layers in the earth.
The basis of differentiation of these layers is the density of the rocks in different parts.
The Mohorovicic discontinuity, the Gutenberg discontinuity and the Lehman discontinuity
are the transitional zones.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
16/19
8/14/2014
17/19
8/14/2014
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
18/19
8/14/2014
2 Comments
kalyansir
Login
Sort by Best
Share
Favorite
5 months ago
exactly
Reply Share
NUTAN KUMAR
6 months ago
NICE SIR....
Reply Share
WHAT'S THIS?
ALSO ON KALYANSIR
OCEANS
affect the salinity of that sea, like higher the water added
through rivers which have more content of rain water +
CURRENT AFFAIRS - 6
Subscribe
COPYRIGHT 2013
KALYANSIR.NET (.C om) Republication or re dissemination of the content of this site are expressly prohibited without the written consent of KALYAN SIR.
http://www.kalyansir.net/2014/02/the-earth.html
19/19