Trimble Gps in ST

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
1995 TRIMBLE
Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the
express written permission of TRIMBLE is prohibited. For further information
contact, Manager, Technical Publications, TRIMBLE, Avionics Division, 2105
Donley Drive, Austin, Texas 78758. Telephone (512) 432-0400.
Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver
Insert latest change pages and destroy superceded pages.
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Dates of Original and Change pages are:
Revision ..........
Revision ..........
Revision ..........
Revision ..........
Revision ..........
A ......... January 6, 1995

B ......... February 23, 1995
C ........ July 28, 1995
D ........ November 4, 1996
E ......... January 13, 1997
Page Description
Page no.
Front Cover
January 13, 1997
List of Effective Pages
January 13, 1997
Record of Revisions
January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Main)
i - iii
January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Section I)
1-i
January 6, 1995
Section I - General Information
1-1
1-2
1-3 - 1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8
Table of Contents (Section II)
2-i
Section II - Installation
2-1
2-2
2-3 - 2-5
2-7
2-9
2-11 - 2-14
2-15
2-16 - 2-25
Table of Contents (Section III)
3-i
Section III - Checkout
3-1 - 3-2
3-3
3-4
3-6 - 3-8
November 4, 1996
February 23, 1995
November 4, 1996
January 6, 1995
Appendix A - RTCA/DO 160-C Environmental Qualification Forms
A-1 - A-4
January 6, 1995
Appendix B - Serial Interface Specification
B-1 - B-18
January 6, 1995
Appendix C - Supplemental Flight Certificate and Flight Manual

Supplement Example
C-1, C-2
January 6, 1995
Revision E
January 13, 1996
Date
January 6, 1995
February 23, 1995
January 6, 1995
February 23, 1995
July 28, 1995
January 6, 1995
January 6, 1995
January 6, 1995
February 23, 1995
January 6, 1995
January 13, 1997
July 28, 1995
January 6, 1995
January 13, 1997
January 6, 1995
January 6, 1995
Page A
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Assigned To (Job Title)
Rev
No.
Revision C
July 28, 1995
Revision
Date
Location
Insertion
Date
By
Rev
No.
Revision
Date
Insertion
Date
By
Page B
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I - General Information
1.1
INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1
1.2
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

1.2.1
1.2.2
1.3
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4

1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4
Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4

GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-5
GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-5
GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6
PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7

1.4.1
1.4.2
1.5
Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3
Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

1.5.1
1.5.2
Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
SECTION II - Installation
2.1
GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2
UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-2
Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3
Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4
NEXT
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page i
SECTION III - Checkout

3.1
GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2
SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.3
Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-2
Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4
FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-5

3.3.1
3.3.2
Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5

Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
ILLUSTRATIONS
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4

GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-5
ARINC 743 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------- 2-7
ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-9
Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-11
Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-13
Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-15
CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-17
Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19
NEXT
Page ii
Revision A
January 6, 1995
APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

A.1
RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT -------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1
A.2
GPS ANTENNA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-2
APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

B.1
INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.2
BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS ----------------------------- B-1

B.2.1
B.2.2
B.2.3
RS-422 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

RS-232 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
RS-423 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.3
CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS --------------------------------------------------------- B-2
B.4
SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS ----------------------------------- B-3
B.5
RECEIVE PORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3

B.5.1
B.5.2
B.5.3
B.5.4
B.6
Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Encoder Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------RMI Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Air Data Computer Format ----------------------------------------------------------------------
B-3
B-3
B-4
B-5
TRANSMIT PORTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7

B.6.1
B.6.2
B.6.3
B.6.4
B.6.5
Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-7

R0 and R1 Data Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7
K0 and K1 Data Formats ----------------------------------------------------------------------- B-10
X0 and X1 Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-13
Data Output Format Example ----------------------------------------------------------------- B-17
APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1
INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1
1.2
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

1.2.1
1.2.2
1.3
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4

1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4
Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

1.5.1
1.5.2
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4

GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-5
GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-5
GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6
PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7

1.4.1
1.4.2
1.5
Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3
Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
Page 1-i

1.1
INTRODUCTION
This manual provides information about the electrical, mechanical, and physical characteristics of the Trimble 2000 Approach
GPS Receiver (P/N 81438-XX) (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The first section serves as an introduction. It
describes the technical specifications of the panel-mounted Receiver/Display unit, and the externally mounted GPS antenna.
The following sections describe the installation and checkout procedures. Proper techniques must be followed to ensure
correct operation.
Unit Part No.
81438-00
81438-01
81438-10
81438-11
Description
Ship Kit Part No. Install Kit Part No.
Receiver with black bezel & standard GPS

antenna P/N 16248-20
81463-00
81446-00
Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC GPS

81463-01
81446-01
Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC 743 Hi

Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
81463-02
81446-02
Receiver with gray bezel & standard GPS antenna

P/N 16248-20
81463-03
81446-00
Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC GPS

81463-04
81446-01
Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC 743 Hi

Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
81463-05
81446-02
Receiver with NVG black bezel & standard GPS

81463-06
81446-00
Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINC

GPS antenna P/N 16248-11
81463-07
81446-01
Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINC

743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
81463-08
81446-02
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & standard GPS

81463-09
81446-00
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINC

GPS antenna P/N 16248-11
81463-10
81446-01
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINC

743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
81463-11
81446-02
Table 1-1 Unit & Antenna Matrix
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 1-1
1.2
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
The Trimble 2000 Approach Receiver provides long-range GPS navigation via a panel-mounted unit. Each system comprises
receivers and antennas to perform specified functions. The Jeppesen database cards provide up-to-date information about
airports and other navigation aids around the world. The Trimble 2000 Approach GPS System contains one panel-mounted
Receiver/Display Unit (RDU) containing a GPS Receiver (9-channel), one GPS Antenna/Preamp, and applicable installation
hardware all contained within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The Jeppesen database cards
are available separately within P/N 81461-00 for North American information, P/N 81461-01 for International information, or
P/N 81461-02 for Worldwide information. The first card is supplied by Trimble.
1.2.1
Receiver/Display Unit
The Receiver/Display Unit (RDU) is the main component of the Trimble 2000 Approach navigation systems. The
RDU consists of the GPS Receiver, the User Interface, and the System Interface.
1.2.1.1 GPS Receiver

The GPS Receiver interprets the satellite transmissions to determine the current position. This information is
communicated to the pilot via the User Interface and to the connected equipment via the System Interface.
1.2.1.2 User Interface

The User Interface is accomplished by an LED Display, seven annunciator lights, nine illuminated push-button
keys, two concentric selector knobs, a power switch, and a NavData card slot.
A.
LED Display
The Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display is a two-line, high intensity display with 20 characters per line.
System information is shown on the display.
B.
Annunciator Lights
The internal annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciator lights
are the Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Parallel Track (PTK), Approach (APR), Waypoint Alert (WPT),
Global Positioning System (GPS) and Random Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM).
C.
Push-Button Keys
Nine illuminated push-button keys are used for mode selection and data entry. The keys are described
as follows:
Access Navigation Mode. Displays enroute navigation information.
Access Waypoint Mode. Allows pilot to view or select airports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches,
VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and User-defined locations as waypoints in a flight plan or
as a destination. Also allows pilot to create, edit, or delete User-defined waypoints.
Access Flight Plan Mode. Allows pilot to create, use, edit, reverse, and delete flight plans.
Access Calculator Mode.

calculations.
Page 1-2
Allows pilot to perform many common E6B computer
Revision B
February 23, 1995
Access Auxiliary Mode. Provides information about system status, sensor status,
system setup and installation procedures. Also contains a programmable checklist
function.
Shows twenty nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections.
Allows pilot to fly directTo the indicated location or activate the indicated flight plan.
Enters information into memory and used to begin and end data entry.
Allows the pilot to view system messages.
D.
Selector Knobs
Two concentric selector knobs are used to select displays within modes and for data entry.
E.
Power Switch
A push-pull power switch turns the RDU on and off.
F.
NavData Card Slot

The NavData card slot accepts the Jeppesen NavData card which provides the pilot information on
Airports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections. Either a North American or
International database may be used. The slot also accepts the Trimble NavPak Memory Card used
by the Trimble NavPak flight planning system.
1.2.1.3 System Interface

The Trimble 2000 Approach communicates with connected equipment by the CDI outputs, Annunciators, and
the Serial Inputs/Outputs.
A.
CDI Outputs
The RDU provides standard Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) output signals suitable for use by most
CDIs.
B.
Annunciator Outputs
The external annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciator
lights are Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Waypoint Alert (WPT) and Approach (APR).
C.
Serial Inputs/Outputs
The RDU provides two serial input ports and two serial output ports for general use. Data formats may
be selected by the pilot.
1.2.2
GPS Antenna
The GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) receives and amplifies GPS Signals. The GPS Antenna unit is an omnidirectional
flat microstrip antenna with an integral preamplifier and is rated to 600 knots IAS. Two alternate antennas (P/Ns
16248-11 & 81194) can be used with the Trimble 2000 Approach.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 1-3
1.3
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.3.1
Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX)
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
See Appendix A
TSO COMPLIANCE
C129 (A1)
BZT COMPLIANCE
Pending
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Height
Width
Depth
2.0 in (5.08 cm)

6.25 in (15.87 cm)
9.70 in (24.64 cm)
WEIGHT
3.0 lbs (1.36 kg)
TEMPERATURE
Navigation Unit
Database Card
-20 to +55 C
0 to +55 C
ALTITUDE
-1000 ft to +50,000 ft (cabin pressure)*
MAXIMUM TRACK VELOCITY
800 knots*
MOUNTING
Panel mounted with Trimble supplied rack
POWER REQUIREMENTS
1.0 A @ 14 Vdc (all units)

0.5 A @ 28 Vdc (all units)
SIGNAL INPUTS
Serial Data Input Port 1
Serial Data Input Port 2
EIA RS-422, RS-423, RS-232 compatible

EIA RS-232, RS-423, TTL compatible
SIGNAL OUTPUTS
CDI
NAV Flag out of view
NAV Flag in view
NAV Superflag Valid (28 Vdc installations)
NAV Superflag Valid (14 Vdc installations)
NAV Superflag Invalid (Both)
TO/FROM Flag (To indication)
TO/FROM Flag (From indication)
External Annunciators
Annunciator Limits
Serial Data Output Port 1
Serial Data Output Port 2
*
Page 1-4
150 mV full scale +Right

350 to 900 mV, up to 5, 1 k parallel loads
< 3.5 mV
> 18 V
> 10 V
< 3.5 V
+40 to +160 mV
-40 to -160 mV, up to 5, 200 parallel loads
Message (MSG)
Waypoint Alert (WPT)
Hold (HLD)
Approach (APR)
Maximum Voltage: 30 Vdc
Maximum Sink Current: 200 mA
EIA RS-422
EIA RS-423, RS-232 compatible
Complies with USA export requirements
Revision A
January 6, 1995
1.3.1.1 GPS Receiver

TYPE
L1 Frequency (1575 MHz), C/A Code,

Nine Channel
ACQUISITION TIME
1.5 to 3.5 minutes
POSITION UPDATE RATE
4 per second
DYNAMICS
800 knots, 6g (tracking)
ACCURACY
Position
Velocity
Altitude
Time
15 meters RMS**
0.1 knots steady state**
35 meters RMS** (MSL)
UTC to the nearest microsecond
** Selective Availability not implemented
1.3.2
GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20)
TSO COMPLIANCE
C129 *
See Appendix A
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Height
Width
Length
0.80 in (2.0 cm)

3.75 in (9.53 cm)
4.00 in (10.16 cm)
WEIGHT
0.44 lb (0.2 kg)
TEMPERATURE
-55C to +70C
ALTITUDE RANGE
-1000 ft to +55,000 ft
MOUNTING
External
POWER REQUIREMENTS
+5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU
SPEED RATING
600 knots IAS
CONNECTOR
SMA
* Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite Communications equipment.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 1-5
1.3.3
GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate)
TSO COMPLIANCE
C129 *
See Appendix A
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Height
Width
Length
0.80 in (2.0 cm)

3.75 in (9.53 cm)
4.00 in (10.16 cm)
WEIGHT
0.5 lb (0.23 kg)
TEMPERATURE
-55C to +70C
ALTITUDE RANGE
-1000 ft to +55,000 ft
MOUNTING
External
POWER REQUIREMENTS
+5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU
SPEED RATING
600 knots IAS
CONNECTOR
TNC
1.3.4
GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate)
TSO COMPLIANCE
C115a, C129 *
See Appendix A
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Height
Width
Length
0.60 in (1.52 cm)

3.00 in (7.62 cm)
4.70 in (11.94 cm)
WEIGHT
0.375 lb (0.17 kg)
TEMPERATURE
-55C to +85C
ALTITUDE RANGE
-100 ft to +55,000 ft
MOUNTING
External
POWER REQUIREMENTS
+5 Vdc @ 40 mA max from NPU
SPEED RATING
1300 knots IAS
CONNECTOR
TNC
Page 1-6
Revision B
February 23, 1995
T
1.4
PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED

1.4.1
The Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver is included in the Trimble 2000 Approach Shipping Kit P/N 81463-XX (see
Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number) with the hardware required for proper installation. Listed below are the
contents of the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Shipping Kit.
TPN
QTY
81438-XX
81446-XX
1.4.2
1
1
DESCRIPTION
GPS Receiver/Display Unit
Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Kit
Installation Kit
The Installation Kit, supplied in the shipping kit within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number),
contains the decals, labels, NavData subscription form, manuals, appropriate connectors, and installation hardware.
Where available, the vendor and vendor part number are included. This is provided as a convenience to the
installation agency and Trimble reserves the right to substitute equivalent parts without prior notice. The contents
are listed below:
P/N
DESCRIPTION
16248-20 *
16248-11 *
81194
80116
14719-00
14420-00
16581
16940
81449
81450
16165
81460
10257
10560
11055
80832
14423
14424
14426
16167
16168
16169
16707
80399
16737
GPS Antenna/Preamp
GPS Antenna, ARINC
GPS Antenna, ARINC 743 Hi Speed
Antenna Mounting Gasket
Antenna Cable, SMA
Mounting Tray
Cockpit Label Set
NavData Information and Subscription
Trimble 2000 Approach Pilot Guide
Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Manual
24-pin Connector
Connector, Adapter, TNC Plug-SMA Jack
Screw 4-40 x 1/4 PL PH
Nylon Duro Strip, 5 in
Screw 4-40 x 1/2 PL FH
Tie Wrap Tefzel 4"
Rear Panel Cage
Rear Panel Guard
Airway Tube Tray
Screw m2.5 x 10mm ss
Retaining Ring
Tie Wrap Cable
GPS Antenna Template
GPS Antenna Template
Foam Rubber Tube
QTY 8144600
01
02
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
VENDOR & P/N
Amp 90 50/57-20240
-
Revision C
July 28, 1995
Page 1-7
1.5
ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED

1.5.1
Installation
Circuit Breaker (required)
3 A for 14 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-3)

2 A for 28 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-2)
Analog CDI or HSI
Dedicated or switched through relay
External Annunciators (4)
Message (MSG) * -- Amber

Waypoint Alert (WPT) * -- Green or Amber
HLD (HLD) * -- Green or White
Approach (APR) * -- Green or White
* Required Annunciator
1.5.2
GPS Cable Requirements
The GPS Cable (RG-316) provided in the shipping kit is 20 feet long. An alternate, prefabricated 50 foot cable is
available from Trimble (P/N 14719-01 which includes adapter P/N 14719-04).
1.5.2.1 GPS Cable Lengths Greater Than 50 Feet

For GPS antenna cable lengths longer than 50 feet, the GPS antenna cable is to be supplied and fabricated by
the installation agency to meet the following requirements:
Insertion Loss
DC Resistance
< 10 dB @ 1.575 GHz

<1
A "GPS Antenna Fail" message is displayed if resistance limitation is exceeded.

RG-393 is an acceptable cable for installations greater than 50 feet in length. When RG-393 cable is used, an
(SMA-to-SMB) adapter cable Trimble P/N 14719-04 is required to connect to the RDU. It is also necessary to
order a (TNC-to-SMA) adapter Trimble P/N 81478 to connect to the Trimble adapter cable. It is recommended
to order the antenna Trimble P/N 16248-11 when using the RG-393 cable. An equivalent cable may be used,
but must meet the criteria listed above. An alternative to RG-393 is available from PIC Wire & Cable. The cable
is PIC P/N 33141 and the matching TNC connectors are PIC P/N 190308 and PIC P/N 190309 for both the
straight and right angle type. The PIC Wire & Cable address is:
PIC Wire & Cable
N63 W22619 Main Street
P.O. Box 330
Sussex, WI 53089
(800) 742-3191
Fax: (414) 246-0450
The following parts (for use with RG-393 cable) are available from Trimble:
TPN
DESCRIPTION
QTY
VENDOR
P/N
1 or 2
Amp
1-225550-3
Amp
1-225554-1
One or two of the following:

26479-0495
or
26479-0494
TNC straight
Connector, RF, TNC, 90
Use Crimp Tool AMP P/N 220015-01 or AMP P/N M22520/5-01 with Die Set AMP P/N M22520/5-05.
Page 1-8
Revision A
January 6, 1995
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.1
GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2
UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-2
Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3
Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4
ILLUSTRATIONS
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4

GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-5
ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------------- 2-7
ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-9
Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-11
Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-13
Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-15
CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-17
Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19
Page 2-i
2.1
GENERAL
This section provides general information for installing the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver. The cables will be
fabricated by the installation agency to fit these various requirements. This section contains interconnect diagrams, mounting
dimensions, and information pertaining to installation.
2.2
UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT

2.2.1
Physical Inspection
Unpack the equipment carefully and inspect each item for evidence of damage incurred during shipment. If a damage
claim must be filed, save the shipping container and all packing materials to substantiate your claim. The claim
should be properly filed with the transportation company. The shipping container should be saved in the event that
storage or reshipment of the equipment should become necessary.
2.2.2
Electrical Inspection
Each new Trimble 2000 Approach is tested and adjusted during final inspection at Trimble before shipment.
Normally, unless damage is evident, it is not necessary to do a pre-installation electrical inspection.
2.3
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
2.3.1
Cooling Considerations
The greatest single contributor to increased reliability of avionics is to limit the maximum operating temperature of
the individual units, whether panel or remote mounted. While circuit designs today consume far less electrical
energy, the watts per cubic inch dissipated within avionics units still remains much the same due to high density
packaging techniques. Consequently, the importance of providing avionics cooling is essential to the life span of
the unit.
While each individual unit may or may not require forced air cooling, the combined heat load of several units operating
in a typical avionics location will significantly degrade the reliability of avionics if provisions for cooling are not
incorporated in the initial installation. Failure to provide cooling will certainly lead to increased avionics maintenance
costs and may void the Trimble Navigation Warranty.
2.3.2
Harness and Cable Fabrication
The installation agency must supply and fabricate all external cables. The length and routing of external cables must
be carefully studied and planned before proceeding with the installation of the equipment. Avoid sharp bends or
routing the cable too close to aircraft control cables and power sources. When necessary to cross power cables,
use shielded cable and cross at right angles. Take special precaution when transitioning pressure envelopes. Use
cable to connector sealant. Figure 2-1 is the pin-out diagram and Figure 2-7 is a typical system interconnection.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-1
2.3.3
GPS Antenna Installation
The GPS antenna installation kit is included in all of the shipping kits. The GPS Antenna installation kit contains the
GPS Antenna, the GPS antenna cable, and the required connectors. Proper antenna installation is critical to both
the performance of the system and the aircraft's structural integrity.
2.3.3.1 Location
In order to receive transmissions from GPS satellites, the GPS antenna must be in line-of-sight with the satellite.
Therefore, the most important factor in GPS antenna installation is determining which location on the fuselage
affords the least amount of airframe blockage. Always mount the antenna on the top of the fuselage, never on
the underside. Also, mount the antenna so that the mounting holes are perpendicular to the line of flight. Select
a mounting location at least three (3) feet away from any transmitting antenna.
On fixed wing aircraft, the best mounting location is usually above the cabin, near the front, and as close to the
center line as possible.
2.3.3.2 Location Considerations on Rotorcraft

As in fixed wing aircraft, the primary factor in rotorcraft GPS antenna site selection is to minimize airframe
blockage. Two other guidelines to be considered in placing the antenna on rotorcraft are listed in order of
importance below:
A.
Install as far from the main rotor hub as possible. At a given RPM, the linear velocity of the blade
increases as the distance from the rotor hub increases. Since the blade blocks the line-of-sight GPS
satellite signal, the effect will be reduced further away from the rotor hub.
B.
If under the blade, get as far below the blade as possible to minimize signal distortions from the blade
edges, which decrease as the distance from the blade increases.
2.3.3.3 Wiring
A GPS cable assembly (P/N 14719-00) is supplied as part of the system. The supplied cable is 20 feet long.
An alternate 50 foot long prefabricated cable is available from Trimble (P/N 14719-01). For installations longer
than 50 feet, the installation agency is responsible for the fabrication of the cable (see Section 1.5.2). The
included cable assembly is tested prior to shipment and should be used to ensure proper performance. Take
care when routing cable to avoid kinking and sharp bends. If antenna cable is routed through bulkheads, be
sure to install protective material to avoid chafing.
2.3.3.4 Installation
CAUTION
Before drilling aircraft fuselage and/or mounting adapter holes to receive the GPS Antenna, make certain
the hole pattern for the antenna is oriented with respect to its forward direction.
After a suitable mounting location is identified, position and affix the adhesive-backed mounting template
supplied with the antenna, refer to Figures 2-2, 2-3 & 2-4. Drill the holes and install the supplied (or equivalent)
antenna doubler. Be sure to remove the mounting template prior to installing the antenna.
Page 2-2
Revision B
February 23, 1995
Fastening to Fuselage (for 16248-20 & -11 antennas)
CAUTION
Do not tighten screws with more than 20 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and void
warranty. Torque value = 18 2 inch-pounds.
Install screws through antenna, gasket, and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 18 2
inch-pounds of torque. Use non-corrosive RTV or similar sealant to seal around antenna base and screw holes.
Fastening to Fuselage (for 81194 antenna)
CAUTION
Do not tighten screws with more than 28 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and void
warranty.
Install screws through antenna and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 26 2 inch-pounds
of torque.
2.3.4
Receiver/Display Unit Installation
2.3.4.1 Location
Select a mounting location that will allow easy viewing of the unit's display during normal instrument panel scan
and allow easy access to the front panel controls. After the desired mounting location is identified, refer to
Figures 2-5 and 2-6 for unit outline and mounting dimensions for the unit and the mounting tray. Relocate
existing equipment as necessary.
2.3.4.2 Mounting Tray Installation

Fabricate harness and assemble the tray. Directions for assembly are shown on Figure 2-6.
2.3.4.3 Placard Use

Placard use is dictated by the particular installation. The installation agency is required to fabricate a
placard to label the annunciators, transfer switches, and circuit breakers.
2.3.4.4 Wiring
The external wire supplied by the installing agency should be 22 gauge with the exception of the serial
communication connections (pins 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, and 17). Serial communication connections require 22 or 24
gauge twisted shielded pairs. Refer to pin-out diagram Figure 2-1. For CDI/HSI interconnections, refer to Figure
2-8. For Serial Port Interconnections, refer to Figure 2-9.
These considerations should be followed to ensure proper interface.
A.
Audio output (pin 20) impedance is 600 . The CDI common (pins 18 and 22) may be used for Audio
Common.
B.
The Message annunciator (MSG), pin 23, Hold annunciator (HLD), pin 12, Waypoint Alert annunciator
(WPT), pin 24, and Approach annunciator (APR), pin 11 duplicate the annunciators on the front panel.
These pins are connected to open-collector transistors which may sink a maximum of 200 mA. Should
they be connected to a relay for higher current capability, the relay must have a protection diode placed
across the coil. The pins will be sinking current when the annunciator condition is true.
C.
Jumper the Safeguard Enable (pin 21) to the CDI Common (pin 22) at the rack connector to ensure
operation of the theft protection circuit.
D.
Serial Port 1 (pins 3, 4, 15, and 16) is designed for signals adhering to the RS-422 standard. If singleended RS-232 signals are used, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) should be used to maximize noise
immunity. The signals will work with most RS-232 devices without an adapter, but at some loss of noise
immunity.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-3
2.3.5
E.
Serial Port 2 (pins 5 and 17) is a single-ended TTL output which meets the logic polarity requirements
of RS-232. The port 2 output does not meet all of the requirements of the RS-232 standard, so in some
installations an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) may be required. If RS-422 differential signals are
required, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) must be used.
F.
Only a single device may be connected to each serial input port (RXD1 and RXD2). Up to 5 devices may
be connected in parallel to each serial output port (TXD1 and TXD2), provided that all devices in parallel
use the same message format and data rate (e.g., K0 at 9600 baud).
G.
Pin 19 will be supplied from the factory as a 14 Vdc or 28 Vdc Superflag driver. A jumper may be moved
inside the unit to change pin 19 to provide One Pulse-Per Second (PPS) output. The One PPS output
is a TTL pulse, 1 ms wide, occurring once per second (referenced to CDI common pin 18 or 22). When
GPS time is available, the leading edge of One PPS is synchronized to GPS time within 1 ms.
CAUTION: Do not connect pin 19 directly to GND.
Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor
If an Outside Air Temperature Probe is installed, a Temperature Recovery Coefficient, known as the "K" factor,
should be set to correct True Airspeed for temperature rise at the probe. The OAT "K" factor is set to 1.0 at the factory.
Contact the OAT probe manufacturer for infomation on selecting this value. Refer to the Pilot Guide for instructions
on how to set the OAT "K" factor.
PIN
DESCRIPTION
1 ------------------------2 ------------------------3 ------------------------4 ------------------------5 ------------------------6 ------------------------7 ------------------------8 ------------------------9 ------------------------10 -----------------------11 -----------------------12 -----------------------13 -----------------------14 -----------------------15 -----------------------16 -----------------------17 -----------------------18 -----------------------19 -----------------------20 -----------------------21 -----------------------22 -----------------------23 -----------------------24 ------------------------
Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)

Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)
TXD1- (RS-422)
RXD1- (RS-422/423/232)
TXD2- (RS-232/423)
+TO/-FROM Flag
+NAV Flag
+GS Flag -- Future Use
+Up/-Down -- Future Use
+Right CDI
Approach (APR) Annunciator
Hold (HLD) Annunciator
Power Ground
Power Ground
TXD1+ (RS-422)
RXD1+ (RS-422/423/232)
RXD2- (RS-232/423 and TTL)
TO/+FROM, -Flag, CDI Common
Superflag/One PPS
Audio Out - 600
Safeguard Enable
+ Left, CDI Common
Message (MSG) Annunciator
Waypoint Alert (WPT) Annunciator
Figure 2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out
Page 2-4
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Notes:
1.
Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite
Communications equipment.
2.
Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNC stainless steel (4 pl.)
Figure 2-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-5
Notes:
1.
Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite
Communications equipment.
2.
Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNF stainless steel (4 pl.)
Figure 2-3 ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate)
Revision E
January 13, 1997
Page 2-7
Note:
The use of this GPS antenna for IFR installations in aircraft equipped with satellite
communication equipment should be tested to ensure no interference exists
between the SATCOM equipment and the GPS antenna.
Figure 2-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate)
Revision C
July 28, 1995
Page 2-9
Note:
Dimensions shown in parenthesis are in millimeters.
Figure 2-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-11
ITEM NO.
P/N
DESCRIPTION
QTY
14420-00
Mounting Tray Assembly
14423
Rear Panel
14426
Airway Tube
16737
Foam Rubber Tube
16165
24-Pin Connector
11055
Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL FH
16167
Screw M2.5 X 10mm ss
14719-00
GPS Antenna Cable Kit
16168
Retaining Ring
10
14424
Rear Guard Cage
11
80832
Tie Wrap
12
10257
Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL PH
13
16169
Cable Retainer Bracket
Assembly Instructions:
1.
Press foam tube (4) on to short end of airway tube (3). Insert airway tube into .80
inch diameter hole and retain with retaining ring (9).
2.
Attach cable retainer bracket (13) to rear panel (2) with #4-40 flat head screw (6).
3.
Attach 24-pin connector (5) to rear panel (2) with two M2.5 X 10mm pan head screws
(7). Connector floats on mount.
4.
Assemble GPS connector (8) with washers and nuts provided. Bend lug ring washer
tab to retain hex nut.
CAUTION
IMPROPER ASSEMBLY OF GPS CONNECTOR HARDWARE COULD CAUSE
INTERMITTENT OPERATION OR LOSS OF GPS SIGNAL RECEPTION.
5.
Retain all cables with tie wrap (11)
6.
Attach rear guard cage (10) with two #4-40 pan head screws (12).
7.
Attach assembled rear panel (2) to mounting tray (1) with four #4-40 pan head screws
(12).
Figure 2-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-13
Figure 2-7 Typical System Interconnection

Revision E
January 13, 1997
Page 2-15
OUTPUT
NAME
Trimble
2000
Approach
BENDIX
KING
KI 202
BENDIX
KING
KI 206
BENDIX
KING
KI 207
COLLINS
IND 350A
IND 351A
TERRA
TRI-NAVC
BENDIX
KING
KI 525A
(P1)
CENTURY
NSD 360A
NSD 1000
SIGMA-TEK
IU 445
+ RIGHT
CDI
10
12
18
18
CDI
COMMON
22
11
17
17
+TO/-FROM
---
33
33
+NAV FLAG
15
31
SERIAL
COMMON
18
S,F
S,F
S,F
8,10
11
T,F
7,34
32,34
CAUTION
Consult all relevant Installation Manuals before wiring!!!
Figure 2-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-17
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Output Connections

SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
SHADIN
AIRDATA
ADC 200
SHADIN
MINIFLO-L
SHADIN
DIGIFLO
ARGUS
3000/5000
/7000
STORMSCOPE
WX 1000
NOTE 1
TXD1+
15
TXD1-
16
CABLE
SHIELD
13
24
32
SETUP
K0
K0
K0
K0 or ARGUS
K0
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 1
SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
RS-422/232 ADAPTER
TRIMBLE 12480-00
RS-422 SIDE
RS-232 SIDE
ARTEX
ELS 10
NOTE 2
PC SERIAL
PORT
(25 PIN D)
NOTE 2
PC SERIAL
PORT
(9 PIN D)
NOTE 2
TXD1+
15
16
TXD1-
SERIAL
COMMON
18
CABLE
SHIELD
13
AIRCRAFT
POWER
NOTE 3
1,2
25
AIRCRAFT
GROUND
NOTE 3
13,14
SETUP
R0
(ANY)
(ANY)
CAUTION
Notes:
1.
Should be configured for RS-422

communications.
2.
The recommended connection is to use a

TNL 12480-00 RS-422/232 adapter.
However, a direct connection will work in
most installations. See Appendix B for
further details of the Serial Data Interface.
3.
Power and ground connections are shown

only for Trimble products and adapters.
Figure 2-9 Serial Port Interconnection (Sheet 1 of 4)

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-19
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Output Connections
SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
ARGUS
3000/5000
/7000
STORMSCOPE
WX 1000
NOTE 4
ARTEX
ELS 10
PC SERIAL
PORT
(25 PIN D)
NOTE 5
PC SERIAL
PORT
(9 PIN D)
NOTE 5
TXD2-
16
SERIAL
COMMON
18
CABLE
SHIELD
13
24
32
SETUP
K0 or ARGUS
K0
R0
(ANY)
(ANY)
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)
SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
RS-422/232 ADAPTER
TRIMBLE 12480-00
RS-232 SIDE
RS-422 SIDE
SHADIN
AIRDATA
ADC 200
SHADIN
MINIFLO
SHADIN
DIGIFLO
TXD2+
14
TXD2-
SERIAL
COMMON
18
CABLE
SHIELD
13
AIRCRAFT
POWER
NOTE 3
1,2
25
AIRCRAFT
GROUND
NOTE 3
13,14
SETUP
K0
K0
K0
Notes (cont.):
CAUTION
4.
Should be configured for RS-232

communications.
5.
A few computer interfaces may not

recognize the Port 2 signals. If this
occurs, an adapter (TNL P/N 12480-00)
will be necessary.
6.
Must be used to drive or receive signals

from any RS-422 device on Port 2.

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-21
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Input Connections

SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble
2000
Approach
ROSETTA
SERIALIZER
ARS 50
NOTE 7,8
ROSETTA
ENCODER
ARS 100
NOTE 7
RMI
ENCODER
NOTE 7
ICARUS
3000
SERIALIZER
NOTE 7,8
SHADIN
AIRDATA
ADC 200
NOTE 7
RXD1+
16
15
15
11
RXD1-
12
CABLE
SHIELD
13
15
15
15
SETUP
ENCODER
ENCODER
RMI
ENCODER
ENCODER
TNL 12480-00 - RS-232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 1
SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
RS-422 SIDE
RS-232 SIDE
PC SERIAL
PORT
(25 PIN D)
NOTE 2
RS-422/232 ADAPTER
TRIMBLE 12480-00
PC SERIAL
PORT
(9 PIN D)
NOTE 2
RXD1+
16
14
RXD1-
SERIAL
COMMON
18
CABLE
SHIELD
13
AIRCRAFT
POWER
NOTE 3
1,2
25
AIRCRAFT
GROUND
NOTE 3
13,14
SETUP
(ANY)
(ANY)
CAUTION
Notes (cont.):
7.
Most encoders require approximately 10 minutes

to warm-up. Any data output before this period
has expired may be in error and should not be
used. Refer to the appropriate equipment's
manual for more specific information.
8.
Serializer connects to the aircraft's existing Mode

C encoder and provides the Trimble GPS receiver
with serial altitude information. A serializer is
required for blind encoders and devices with
Gray Code outputs.

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-23
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Input Connections

SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
ROSETTA
SERIALIZER
ARS 50
NOTE 7,8
ROSETTA
ENCODER
ARS 100
NOTE 7,8
RMI
ENCODER
NOTE 7
PC SERIAL
PORT
(25 PIN D)
PC SERIAL
PORT
(9 PIN D)
RXD2-
17
SERIAL
COMMON
18
15
15
CABLE
SHIELD
13,14
15
15
SETUP
ENCODER
ENCODER
ENCODER
(ANY)
(ANY)
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)
SIGNAL
NAME
Trimble 2000
Approach
RS-232 SIDE
RS-422 SIDE
ICARUS
3000
SERIALIZER
NOTE 7,8
RS-422/232 ADAPTER
TRIMBLE 12480-00
SHADIN
AIRDATA
ADC 200
RXD2+
14
11
RXD2-
17
12
SERIAL
COMMON
18
CABLE
SHIELD
13
15
AIRCRAFT
POWER
NOTE 3
1,2
25
AIRCRAFT
GROUND
NOTE 3
13,14
SETUP
ENCODER
ENCODER
NOTE: Refer to page 2-19 for note 3, page 2-21 for note 6, and
page 2-23 for notes 7 and 8.
CAUTION

Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 2-25
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.1
GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2
SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.3
FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-5

3.3.1
3.3.2
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-2
Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4
Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5

Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
Page 3-i

3.1
GENERAL
This section contains installation checkout, system configuration, and basic operating procedures. More detailed operating
procedures are contained in the Pilot Guide.
3.2
SYSTEM CHECKOUT
3.2.1
Preliminary test
Before the unit is installed and tested, verify the accuracy of the installation. With the unit removed, turn on the power
and verify the following:
1.
Verify that Aircraft dc bus voltage is present on pins 1 and 2. Also, if external annunciators are installed, verify
that voltage is present on pins 11, 12, 23, and 24.
2.
Verify that ground is present on pins 13 and 14.
3.
Verify the continuity between pins 21 and 22.
4.
Make sure the mounting tray is securely fastened and properly braced.
5.
Verify that the GPS antenna connector is not shorted and demonstrates some play.
When the above conditions are verified, turn off the master power. Slide the unit into the mounting tray and tighten
the locking device. Turn on the unit. During initialization, the unit performs a comprehensive diagnostics routine.
A failure of any system component is annunciated by a flashing "Fail" message adjacent to the relevant category.
This failure will cause the Message (MSG) annunciator to light and remain lit. Consult the Pilot Guide for more
information concerning FAIL messages.
3.2.2
Serial Port Configuration
The Receiver/Display unit requires configuration for each serial port to be utilized. Press the
INSTALL submode is activated. The display below is shown briefly.
key until the
*INSTALL*
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
SERIALI/OSETUP
TURNOUTERKNOB
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the desired port is shown. Serial port 1 is set to a default value of Encoder
and the output is set to a default value of K0. These settings will be correct for most installations. To edit this port,
press the
key. Choose the field to edit with the large, outer selector knob. Change the settings by rotating
the small, inner selector knob. Press the

key to complete the entry. Refer to the specifications of the connected
hardware to determine the settings. Appendix B of this manual contains more detailed information about the data
formats.
After setting Serial port 1, continue rotating the large outer knob to setup Serial port 2. Serial port 2 is set to a default
value of NONE for input and the output is set to K1.
Revision D
November 4, 1996
Page 3-1
3.2.3
GPS Receiver Tests
Prior to performing the GPS receiver test, make sure the aircraft is outside and away from any tall buildings or objects
which will obstruct the line-of-sight communication between the unit's antenna and the satellites.
3.2.3.1 Satellite Signal Reception

To conduct the GPS receiver tests on units, press the
selected. The display below is shown.
key until the SENSOR STATUS submode is
*SENSORSTATUS*
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until a display similar to the one below is shown.
GPSTRACK6:
21819272931
This display indicates the number of satellites being tracked (6) as well as identifying each satellite tracked (by
number). A flashing satellite number indicates a satellite which is being tracked but not being used in the position
solution. The GPS annunciator on the Trimble 2000 Approach front panel indicates that sufficient satellites are
being used to provide position updates.
3.2.3.2 Comm Test

Harmonic interference from VHF transmissions on the following frequencies may affect GPS signal reception:
Frequency in MHz
121.150
121.175
121.200
131.250
131.275
131.300
Installations intended for IFR approvals should be tested to ensure no interference is generated by VHF
transmissions.
For each interfering frequency, perform the following test:
1.
Tune the VHF radio to the frequency under test.
2.
While observing the GPS satellites tracked display and internal GPS annunciator, key the VHF transmitter
for 20 seconds.
3.
If the number of satellites in use drops to the point that GPS navigation is no longer possible (GPS
annunciator illuminates), then too much interference exists between VHF radio and the Trimble 2000
Approach.
Two common sources of interference are from the VHF radio front panel to the GPS antenna and from the
VHF antenna to the GPS antenna.
To minimize front panel to antenna interference, ensure that all cabin doors and windows are closed when
performing the test. This type of interference is also minimized by being away from the ground and ground
structures. If required, the test may be performed in flight. Finally, the location of the GPS antenna may
affect levels of VHF front panel to GPS antenna interference.
Page 3-2
Revision D
November 4, 1996
For VHF antenna to GPS antenna interference, a filter may be inserted in line with the VHF transmission
line.
The following filters are recommended:
SPECIFICATIONS FOR LOW PASS FILTER

I.L. = 0.4 dB max. @ 140 MHz
3 dB cutoff = 539 MHz nominal
50 dBc @ 1500 MHz
Power: 30 Watts CW
Size: 0.5" Dia. X 3.00" T.T.
Connectors: BNC female/ male
VENDOR
VENDOR P/N
FSY MICROWAVE, INC.

1055 First Street
Rockville, MD 20850
PH: (301) 294-8950
FAX: (301) 294-3007
LC539-7BBM
TRILITHIC
9202 East 33rd Street
Indianapolis, IN 46236
PH: (800) 344-2412
FAX: (317) 895-3613
3LC500-3-50-CD
After modifying installation as appropriate, repeat steps 1 and 2 for each interfering frequency. If interference
continues, please contact Trimble Technical Support at (800) 487-4662 in the USA, (512) 432-0400 elsewhere.
3.2.3.3 GPS Antenna Performance

To check the GPS antenna performance, press the
key until the SYSTEM STATUS submode is activated.
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
INPUTVOLTAGE:14.2V
INTERNALTEMP:45C
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.
GPSANTENNA:4V
CURRENT:83mA
Verify that the GPS antenna current is at least 75 mA and the voltage is at least 4 V for antenna P/N 16248-11.
Note: The GPS antenna current value will differ depending on the antenna used.
Revision B
February 23, 1995
Page 3-3
3.2.4
Analog Interface Check
3.2.4.1 CDI Calibration to External Unit

The following procedure will calibrate the internal GPS CDI to an external CDI. Press the
key until the
INSTALL submode is displayed. Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
INSTALL&TESTSETUP
TURNOUTERKNOB
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.
I/OINTERFACECHECK
PRESS(ENT)
To continue, press the
key. Refer to the display shown below.
SETCDICENTERED
(USEKNOB)(ENT)
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI is centered. Once it is centered, press the
to the display shown below.
key. Refer
SETCDIFULLLEFT
(USEKNOB)(ENT)
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI shows full left deflection and press the
key.
3.2.4.2 CDI/Annunciator Test

After calibrating the CDI, press the
key one additional time. The display below is shown.
TESTCDI#1:5L
(USEKNOB)(ENT)
The message CDI:5L indicates the external analog CDI should display full left deflection. As the small, inner
selector knob is rotated clockwise, the display should indicate where the external CDI is positioned. The cycle
starts at 5L for full left deflection and continues to 5R for full right deflection. If this is incorrect, the calibration
must be repeated.
Page 3-4
Revision D
November 4, 1996
After the CDI deflection test has been completed, press the
key to display "FLAG: FROM" on the top line,
indicating the CDI's FROM flag should be in view. As either selector knob is rotated clockwise, the following
test conditions will occur:
FLAG: TO
FLAG: OFF
FLAG: NAV NOT VISIBLE
FLAG: GS NOT VISIBLE
ANNUNCIATOR: APR
ANNUNCIATOR: HLD
ANNUNCIATOR: MSG
ANNUNCIATOR: WPT
*
TO flag in view
NO TO/FROM indication
NAV Valid (flag out of view)
GS flag out of view*
Approach annunciator lit
Hold annunciator lit
Message annunciator lit
Waypoint Alert annunciator lit
The GS flag exist only in the test routine.
Verify that the conditions displayed by the receiver/display unit are identical to the external CDI conditions. The
complete sequence must be completed by pressing the
3.3
key for the CDI calibration to take effect.
FINAL
3.3.1
Configuration Record Sheet
The Configuration Record Sheet, on the following page, is to be completed by the installation agency and attached
to the Pilot Guide. If the system should be reset for any reason, the pilot will have a reference as to how the unit is
configured.
3.3.2
Flight Manual Supplement
An example of an approved Flight Manual Supplement for the Trimble 2000 Approach will be included in this
manual when available.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 3-5
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Page 3-6
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Configuration Record Sheet
Plane Make and Model _____________________________________________

Owner _________________________________________________________
Address _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Unit Installed _____________________________________________________
Serial Number ____________________________________________________
Installation Agency ________________________________________________
Address _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Serial Port Configuration
PORT
INPUT PORT 1
FORMAT
BAUD
RATE
-
OUTPUT PORT 1
INPUT PORT 2
OUTPUT PORT 2
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page 3-7
Page 3-8
Revision A
January 6, 1995
APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

A.1
RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT
RTCA/DO 160-C
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM
Nomenclature
Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver Unit
Part Number
81438-XX
TSO Number
C129 (A1)
Manufacturer
Trimble Navigation Limited
Address
2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758
USA
CONDITIONS
PARA
CONDUCTED TESTS
Temperature and Altitude
4.0
Category D1
Temperature Variation
5.0
Category C
Humidity
6.0
Category A
Shock
7.0
6 g's, 11 ms
Vibration
8.0
Categories M, N, and B
Explosion
9.0
Category X (Not Tested)
Waterproofness
10.0
Fluids Susceptibility
11.0
Sand and Dust
12.0
Fungus
13.0
Salt Spray
14.0
Magnetic Effect
15.0
Category Z
Power Input
16.0
Category B
Voltage Spike Conducted
17.0
Category A
A-F Conducted Susceptibility
18.0
Category B
Induced Signal Susceptibility
19.0
Category A
Radio Frequency Susceptibility
20.0
Emissions of RF Energy
21.0
Category B
Lightning Induced Transient

Susceptibility
22.0
Lightning direct effects
23.0
Icing
24.0
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page A-1
A.2
GPS ANTENNA
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature
Antenna Assembly, GPS, Airborne
Part Number
16248-20
TSO Number
C115a, C129
Manufacturer
Address
2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758
USA
CONDITIONS
PARA
CONDUCTED TESTS
Temperature and Altitude
4.0
Category F2
Temperature Variation
5.0
Category A
Humidity
6.0
Category B
Shock
7.0
6 g's, 11 ms
Vibration
8.0
Categories Y, C, L, M, N, and B
Explosion
9.0
Waterproofness
10.0
Fluids Susceptibility
11.0
Sand and Dust
12.0
Fungus
13.0
Salt Spray
14.0
Magnetic Effect
15.0
Category Z
Power Input
16.0
Category A
17.0
Category A
18.0
Category A
19.0
Category Z
20.0
Category W
Emissions of RF Energy
21.0
Category Z

Susceptibility
22.0
Lightning direct effects
23.0
Icing
24.0
Page A-2
Revision A
January 6, 1995
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature
ARINC GPS Antenna
Part Number
16248-11
TSO Number
C129
Manufacturer
Address
2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758
USA
CONDITIONS
PARA
Temperature
4.0
Category F2
Altitude
5.0
Category F2
Humidity
6.0
Category B
Shock
7.0
6 g's, 11 ms
Vibration
8.0
Categories B, C, L, M, N, and Y
Explosion
9.0
Waterproofness
10.0
Fluids susceptibility
11.0
Sand and Dust
12.0
Fungus
13.0
Salt Spray
14.0
Magnetic Effect
15.0
Category z
Power Input
16.0
Category A
17.0
Category A
18.0
Category A
19.0
Category Z
20.0
Category W
Radio Frequency Emission
21.0
Category Z

Susceptibility
22.0
Lightning Direct Effects
23.0
Icing
24.0
Revision A
January 6, 1995
CONDUCTED TESTS
Page A-3
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature
ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna
Part Number
81194
TSO Number
C115a, C129
Manufacturer
Sensor Systems
Address
8929 Fullbright Ave.

Chatsworth, CA 91311
USA
CONDITIONS
PARA
Temperature
4.0
Category F2
Altitude
5.0
Category F2
Humidity
6.0
Category B
Shock
7.0
6 g's, 11 ms
Vibration
8.0
Categories C and L
Explosion
9.0
CONDUCTED TESTS
Waterproofness
10.0
Category S
Fluids susceptibility
11.0
Category F
Sand and Dust
12.0
Category D
Fungus
13.0
Category F
Salt Spray
14.0
Category S
Magnetic Effect
15.0
Power Input
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
Radio Frequency Emission
21.0

Susceptibility
22.0
Lightning Direct Effects
23.0
Category 2A
Icing
24.0
Category C
Page A-4
Revision A
January 6, 1995
APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

B.1
INTRODUCTION
Serial communication capabilities for the Trimble 2000 Approach are provided by two bi-directional serial communication
ports compatible with EIA RS-232 and RS-422 protocols. Different formats may be selected on each port providing the user
flexibility in interfacing various systems with the Trimble 2000 Approach.
All information contained in this section is subject to change without notice.
B.2
BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS

B.2.1
RS-422
The RS-422 protocol uses differential signals with a magnitude in the range of 2-6 volts and a polarity as follows:
Logic 1: The non-inverting (+) signal is negative with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The non-inverting (+) signal is positive with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = SPACE).
RS-422 has the capability of driving up to ten receive devices in parallel from a single transmitter. It can drive long
cable lengths and has superior noise immunity.
B.2.2
RS-232
The RS-232 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced to a common ground (serial common). For
example, for RS-232D, the polarity is as follows:
Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is between -5V and -15V (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is between +5V and +15V (Signal Condition = SPACE).
B.2.3
RS-423
The RS-423 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced only to the transmitter's ground and is
received differentially. The polarity is as follows:
Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is -4V to -6V (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is +4V to +6V (Signal Condition = SPACE).
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page B-1
B.3
CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS
All interface connections are provided on a 24-pin connector. The following table defines pin numbers, functions, and
descriptions for all serial interface pins utilized on the Trimble 2000 Approach.
PIN
NUMBER
FUNCTION
DESCRIPTION
TXD1-
Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)
RXD1-
Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)
TXD2-
Transmit Port #2 (RS-232/423)
15
TXD1+
Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)
16
RXD1+
Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)
17
RXD2-
Receive Port #2 (RS-232/423 and TTL)
18
Serial Common Ground Reference for RS-232/423 -- See Note 1
Note:
1.
Page B-2
Terminate shields on pins 13 or 14 (Aircraft Ground).
Revision A
January 6, 1995
T
B.4
SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS
The serial ports may be configured by the user. The following is a list of the available ports:
SERIAL-1 in
SERIAL-1 out
SERIAL-1 I/O
SERIAL-2 in
SERIAL-2 out
SERIAL-2 I/O
To configure the serial ports of the Trimble 2000 Approach, perform the following steps:
Press the
key until the INSTALL submode is activated
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the unit displays SERIAL I/O SETUP in the top line
Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired port
To edit the contents of the selected serial port, perform the following steps:
B.5
key
Press the
Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired field to edit
Rotate the small, inner selector knob to change the character
Repeat the previous two steps until the desired information is displayed
Press the
key to complete the entry
RECEIVE PORTS
B.5.1
Configuration
Two data formats may be selected to accept input from external altitude encoders, gray-code to serial altitude
converters, or the RMI (Rocky Mountain Instruments) Encoder Airdata system. To select a data format, refer to
section B.4. The baud rate of each of these formats is automatically set; ENCODER is 9600 baud and RMI is 1200
baud.
B.5.2
Encoder Data Format
The Encoder data format accepts a variety of messages with the following parameters:
Baud:
Parity:
Start Bit:
Data Bits:
Stop Bit:
Update Rate:
9600
None
1
8
1
1 msg/sec
The data format is variable and depends upon the device generating the message. Compatible devices include
Rosetta Encoders and Serializers (ARS 50 and ARS 100). The simplest compatible format for altitude information
BYTE
CONTENTS
c/r
is the following 10 byte ASCII message:

Some examples include:
Revision A
January 6, 1995
'ALT 00000'
'ALT -1200'
'ALT 62505'
'ALT 05604'
0 feet
-1200 feet
62,510 feet
5,600 feet
Page B-3
B.5.3
RMI Data Format
The Rocky Mountain Instruments Encoder Airdata System transmits a 61-byte ASCII data frame once per second.
The RMI configuration consists of the following parameters:
Baud:
Parity:
Start Bit:
Data Bits:
Stop Bit:
Update Rate:
Data Format:
BYTE
NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
01
ID #1
Hex Identifier Byte -- always FFH
02
ID #2
Hex Identifier Byte -- always 80H
03 - 07
IALT
Current Indicated Altitude
08 - 12
PALT
Pressure Altitude
13 - 17
DALT
Density Altitude
18 - 20
KTS
Indicated Airspeed in knots
21 - 23
TAS
True Airspeed in knots
24 - 26
MACH
Indicated Airspeed in MACH
27 - 30
VSI
Vertical Speed in fpm (multiplied by 10)
31 - 33
OAT
Outside Air Temperature
34 - 36
TAT
True Air Temperature
37 - 40
InHg
Altimeter Setting (inches Mercury)
41 - 44
Inds
Indicator Flags (See Table below)
45 - 61
Page B-4
BYTE NAME
1200
None
1
8
1
1 msg/sec
61 byte unpacked BCD data message (See Table below)
Manufacturers Use
Revision A
January 6, 1995
BIT
NUMBER
BYTE #1
BYTE #2
BYTE #3
BYTE #4
FT/ALT
CONV
FLAP
Mb
CAL
TAS
GEAR
In Hg
decimal pt
HOLD
KT
FPM
NO
IAS
TAT
Vno
UPATI
Vne
DOWNATI
LGT
APP
temp - sign
YES
MACH
decimal pt
In Hg
Indicator Byte Table
B.5.4
Air Data Computer Format
The Air Data computer transmits once per second using the following parameters:
Baud:
Parity:
Start Bit:
Data Bits:
Stop Bit:
Update Rate:
9600
None
1
8
1
1 msg/sec
Air Data messages are accepted when the serial port is set to "ENCODER". A packet consists of a set of ASCII
message strings. The first character of each packet is an ASCII Start-of-Text (STX = 02H). The last character of
each packet will be an ASCII End-of-Text (ETX = 03H).
Each message string begins with one ASCII character to identify it as an Air Data message ("Z"). The second
character identifies which message it is. The rest of the string consists of one or more alphanumeric ASCII fields.
Each message field ends with a carriage return, line feed (CR = 0D0AH). All numeric fields are ASCII decimal, right
justified and zero filled. If the Air Data Computer cannot supply data in a particular field, the field is filled with dashes
("-" = 2DH). The table on the next page lists the valid message strings.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page B-5
ITEM FORMAT
CONTENTS
DESCRIPTION
ZAddd
Indicated Air Speed
ddd =knots (5 to 385)
ZBddd
True Air Speed
ddd = knots (40 to 600)
ZCddd
Mach Speed
ddd = Mach x 1000 (0

to 999)
ZDsdddd
Pressure Altitude
s = sign, dddd = tens of

feet (-100 to +5999)
ZEsdddd
Density Altitude
s = sign, dddd = tens of

feet (-800 to +5999)
ZFsdd
Outside Air
Temperature
s = sign, dd = celsius
(-99 to +99)
ZGsdd
True Air Temperature
s = sign, d = celsius
(-99 to +99)
ZHddd
Wind Direction
ddd = magnetic
degrees (0 to 359)
ZIddd
Wind Speed
ddd = knots (0 to 150)
ZJsdd
Rate of Turn
s = sign, dd =
degrees/second (-20 to
+20)
ZKsddd
Vertical Speed
s = sign, ddd = tens of

feet/minute (-600 to
+600)
ZLddd
Heading
ddd = magnetic
degrees (0 to 359)
ZMdddd
Right Engine Fuel

Flow
dddd = gal/hr (0 to
999.9)
ZNddddd
Right Engine Fuel

Used
dddd = gallons (0 to
9999.9)
ZOdddd
Left Engine Fuel Flow
dddd = gal/hr (0 to
999.9)
ZPddddd
Left Engine Fuel Used
ddddd = gallons (0 to
9999.9)
ZQddd
Error Log
ddd = number (0 to
255)
ZRddd
Packet Checksum
ddd = number (0 to
255)
Notes:
1.
If a packet contains more than one of the same type of message string, the data from the
last message is used.
2.
The contents of the Error Log is to be determined.
3.
The Packet Checksum is the ASCII representation of the decimal value of the 8-bit,
unsigned sum of every byte in the packet excluding the STX, ETX, and the checksum
message string itself.
Page B-6
Revision A
January 6, 1995
T
B.6
TRANSMIT PORTS
B.6.1
Configuration
Transmit Ports 1 and 2 (TXD1 and TXD2) provide interface capability with a variety of peripheral devices such as
moving maps and fuel flow computers, as well as providing data to users for custom applications. Adapters are
available for each port to provide RS-422 and/or RS-232 signals. No hand-shaking lines are provided.
Six data formats are available for use and may be selected in the INSTALL submode of the AUX mode (See Section
B.4). These formats are RNAV 0 and 1 (R0 and R1), King 0 and 1 (K0 and K1), and Extended King 0 and 1 (X0 and
X1). Formats R0 and R1 may be set to any baud rate (from 1200 baud to 38.4 kbaud, excepting 19.2 kbaud) while
formats K0, K1, X0, and X1 may only be set to 9600 baud or 38.4 kbaud. The update rate may be set from 1 to 999
seconds for any of the formats. The only exception is if the baud rate is 1200. For this case, the maximum update
rate is 2 seconds.
The data stream is a string of ten-bit serial ASCII characters consisting of one start bit, eight data bits, and one stop
bit. No parity is generated.
Data messages begin with an ASCII Start of Text (STX) character and end with an End of Text (ETX) character. A
single alphabetic character precedes each data element.
The data output format is as follows: <STX><id><dddd><it><id><dddd><it>....<id><dddd><it><ETX>
Where: STX
id
dddd
it
ETX
B.6.2
=
=
=
=
=
ASCII Start of Text Character

Item Designator (Single Alphabetic Character)
Item Data
Item Terminator: (CR) or (CR)(LF)
ASCII End-of-Text Character
R0 and R1 Data Formats
Data output is identical for both formats with the exception of the end of line codes. R0 is output with a carriage return
(CR) denoting the end of the line. R1 is output with both a carriage return (CR) and a line feed (LF) at the end of a
line.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page B-7
The following information is output:
INFORMATION
Page B-8
OUTPUT
Latitude (LAT)
North or South degrees
Longitude (LON)
East or West degrees
Track (TK)
Magnetic degrees
Ground Speed (GS)
Knots
Distance to Destination Waypoint (DIS)
Nautical miles
Estimated Time Enroute (ETE)
Hours and Minutes
Cross-Track Error (XTK)
Right or Left nautical miles
Track Angle Error (TKE)
Right or Left degrees
Desired Track (DTK)
Degrees (Mag or True)
Active Leg Number (LEG)
Flight Plan Leg Number,

Direct = 21, Heading = 22
Destination Waypoint Identifier (IDENT)
ASCII Characters
Bearing To Destination Waypoint (BRG)
Degrees
Parallel Offset (PTK)
Right or Left nautical miles
Estimated Position Error
Nautical miles
Magnetic Variation
East or West degrees
Time Since Solution
Seconds and tenths
Warnings
Character in Designated Field
Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA)
Thousands of feet
Minimum Enroute Safe Altitude
Thousands of feet
Date
Month, day and Year
Time of Day
Hours minutes and seconds
Software Code
Six digit number
Revision A
January 6, 1995
The following table describes the contents of the R0 and the R1 data formats:
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
Revision A
January 6, 1995
ITEM FORMAT
FIELD
WIDTH
ITEM DESCRIPTION
N dd mmmm
LAT (N or S, deg, min x 100)
W ddd mmmm
10
LON (E or W, deg, min x 100)
ddd
TK (deg)
sss
GS (kts)
dddddd
DIS (nm x 100)
hhmm
ETE (hrs and mins)
Lnnnn
XTK Error (L or R, nm x 100)
Ldddd
TKE (L or R, deg x 10)
dddd
DTK (deg x 10)
ll
LEG
ccccc
IDENT
dddd
BRG (deg x 10)
Lnnnn
PTK (L or R, nm x 10)
nnn
Estimated Pos Error (nm x 100)
Eddd
VAR (E or W, deg x 10)
ttt
Time Since Last Solution (s x

10)
---A-------
11
Warnings in Effect
fff
MSA (kft x 10)
fff
MESA (kft x 10)
mm/dd/yy
Date
hh:mm:ss
Time
cccccc
Software Code
Page B-9
B.6.3
K0 and K1 Data Formats
The K0 and the K1 formats present all the R0 and R1 information explained in the last section. In addition, the K0
and K1 formats add flight plan information. Each waypoint is sent as a separate line terminated with a CR (for K0)
and a CR, LF (for K1). The waypoint data lines are followed by a line of waypoint type identifiers. If no flight plan
is active, no flight plan data will be transmitted.
wdd<binary data>
w
dd
binary data
Flight plan item designator

Sequential waypoint number (ASCII)
15 bytes of flight plan information
The binary data contains the following information:

Byte 1 -- Sequence Number
BYTE
BIT
CONTENTS
Where:
x
l
a
nnnnn
undefined (set to zero)

1 if last waypoint of flight plan
1 if waypoint is active destination
Sequential waypoint number, Unsigned Binary
Bytes 2 through 6 -- Waypoint Identifier
BYTE
BIT
CONTENTS
BYTE
BIT
CONTENTS
Where:
aaaaaaaa
ASCII characters of five-character ID
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 2 indicates that the waypoint identifier is unknown and bytes 2
through 6 should be ignored.
Page B-10
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Bytes 7 through 13 -- Latitude/Longitude

Latitude and longitude of waypoint. Packed, unsigned binary values for degrees, minutes and hundredths of
minutes.
BYTE
BIT
CONTENTS
Where:
s
x
ddddddd
mmmmmm
hhhhhhh
BYTE
0 if North latitude
1 if South latitude
Latitude degrees
Latitude minutes
Latitude hundredths of minutes
10
11
12
BIT
CONTENTS
BYTE
13
BIT
CONTENTS
Where:
s
x
ddddddd
mmmmmm
hhhhhhh
0 if East longitude
1 if West longitude
Longitude degrees
Longitude minutes
Longitude hundredths of minutes
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 7 indicates that latitude and longitude are not presently available
and bytes 7 through 13 should be ignored.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page B-11
Bytes 14 and 15 -- Magnetic Variation

BYTE
14
15
BIT
CONTENTS
Where:
nnnnnnnn
Magnetic variation at waypoint.
Twos complement binary in sixteenths of degrees. Easterly variation is positive.
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 14 indicates that magnetic variation is not presently available and
bytes 14 and 15 should be ignored.
t
Waypoint Type
This indicates the type of waypoints in the flight plan according to flight plan order (e.g., Airport, VORs, NDBs,
Intersections, or User). The number of waypoints in the flight plan determines the number of bytes in this field (5
waypoints in the flight plan makes this field 5 bytes long). The format is as follows:
t nnn...
The following values are acceptable for "n":
a
m
h
s
v
n
i
u
Page B-12
Airport, Public Use

Military Base
Heliport
Seaplane Base
VOR
NDB
Intersection
User Defined
Revision A
January 6, 1995
T
B.6.4
X0 and X1 Formats
The X0 and X1 formats contain all of the items of the K0 and K1 formats plus the following additional items. No field
width is set for any of the items. The fields are separated by one or more blanks. The decimal point is included for
those items listing fractional units. Leading zeros and a space between the item designator are optional and may
not appear on some items. All fields are in ASCII. Any item designator not specified is reserved for Trimble use.
INFORMATION
OUTPUT
Position and Speed
North or south degrees latitude

East or west degrees longitude
Ground speed in knots
Altitude
GPS altitude in feet

Pressure altitude in feet
Barometric altitude in feet
Track
Magnetic track in degrees

Desired track in degrees
Left or right cross-track in nm
Left or right track angle error in
degrees
Vertical Navigation
Rate of climb or descent

Desired rate of climb
Vertical error from profile
Vertical angle error
Waypoint BRG/DIS/TIM Distance to waypoint in nm

Bearing to waypoint in degrees
Time to waypoint
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Local time
Data time tag

Offset from GMT
Parallel offset
Left or right offset in nm
Extended Time
Time in hours, minutes,

seconds, and milliseconds
Extended Time Since

Solution
Time since last position fix in

hours, minutes, seconds, and
milliseconds
Sensor mode
Sensor in use (GPS, LORAN,

Differential GPS, or None)
GPS mode and # of satellites
used
LORAN, # transmitters used
Page B-13
The following data is output:

Position and Speed
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
k
INFORMATION
Position and Speed
ITEM FORMAT
a bb cc.cccc d eee ff.ffff ggg.g
Where:
a bb cc.cccc Current Latitude N or S (a), degrees (bb), minutes (cc.cccc)
d eee ff.ffff
Current Longitude E or W (d), degrees (eee), minutes (ff.fff)
ggg.g
Ground Speed in knots
Altitude
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
l
INFORMATION
Altitude (GPS, Pressure, and
Barometric)
ITEM FORMAT
aaaaa.a bbbbb.b ccccc.c
Where:
aaaaa.a
bbbbb.b
ccccc.c
GPS computed altitude

Pressure altitude
Barometric altitude
Track
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
m
INFORMATION
Track (Magnetic, Desired,
Cross-Track Error, and Track
Angle Error
ITEM FORMAT
aaa.aa bbb.bb cdd.ddddd efff.ff
Where:
aaa.aa
bbb.bb
cdd.ddddd
efff.ff
Magnetic Track in degrees

Desired Track in degrees
Cross Track Error L or R (c), nautical miles (dd.ddddd)
Track Angle Error L or R (e), degrees (fff.ff)
Vertical Navigation
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
n
INFORMATION
ITEM FORMAT
Vertical Navigation (Actual,

abbbb.b cdddd.d efffff.f ghh.hh
Desired, Vertical Error from
Profile, and Vertical Angle Error)
Where:
abbbb.b
cdddd.d
efffff.ff
gh
Page B-14
Actual VNAV + or - (a), feet/minute (bbbb.b)

Desired VNAV + or - (c), feet/minute (dddd.d)
Vertical Error + or - (e), feet (fffff.f)
Vertical Angle Error + or - (g), degrees (h)
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Distance/Bearing/Time to Waypoint
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
o
INFORMATION
Bearing, Distance, and Time to
Waypoint
ITEM FORMAT
aaaa.aaaaa bbb.bbb cc:dd:ee
Where:
aaaa.aaaaa
bbb.bbb
cc:dd:ee
Distance to Waypoint in nm
Bearing to Waypoint in degrees
Time to Waypoint in hours (cc), minutes (dd), and seconds (ee)
Data Time Tag/Local Offset
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
p
INFORMATION
Data Time Tag and Local GMT
Offset
ITEM FORMAT
aa:bb:cc.ccc dee.e
Where:
aa:bb:cc
dee.e
Data Time Tag in hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc)
Local Time Offset + or - (d), time in hours (ee.e)
Parallel Offset
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
q
INFORMATION
Parallel Offset
ITEM FORMAT
abbb.bbbb
Where:
abbb.bbbb
Parallel Offset L or R (a), nautical miles (bbb.bbbb)
Extended Time
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
r
INFORMATION
Extended Time
ITEM FORMAT
aa:bb:cc.ccc
Where:
aa:bb:cc.ccc Extended Time hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc.ccc)
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page B-15
Extended Time Since Solution
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
u
INFORMATION
Extended Time Since Solution
ITEM FORMAT
aa.aaa
Where:
aa.aaa
Extended Time Since Solution in seconds
Sensor Mode
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
z
INFORMATION
Sensors Mode
ITEM FORMAT
a GPS-bbc LOR:d
Where:
a
GPS-bbc
LOR:d
Page B-16
Sensor in Use -- Possible values are G (GPS), L (LORAN), D (Differential GPS),

or - (No Position Fix)
GPS Mode (bb) and Number or satellites used for position fix (c). (bb) may be 2D,
3D, or 0D. (c) is an integer number.
LORAN Mode, number of transmitters used in fix (d), integer number.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
T
B.6.5
Data Output Format Example
The following is an example of the data output for the R0 and R1 formats. It is also the first part of the K0, K1, X0,
and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE
Revision A
January 6, 1995
DESCRIPTION
<STX>AN 37 2164
LAT North 37 21.64 min
BW 121 5516
LON West 121 55.16 min
C137
TK 137
D128
GS 128 knots
E071227
DIS 712.27 nm
F0534
ETE 5 hrs, 34 min
GR0018
XTK 0.18 nm Right
HR0003
TKE 0.3 Right
I1384
DTK 138.4
J11
Active Leg #11
KAUS
Destination Waypoint AUS
L1389
BRG 138.9
M0000
PTK 0.0 nm
P001
Position Error 0.1 nm
QE158
Magnetic Variation 15.8 East
c001
Time Since Last Solution 0.1

sec
T-----------
No Warnings are Present
d057
MSA 5,700 ft
e059
MESA 5,900 ft
i10/19/89
Date October 19, 1989
j13:52:12
Time 13:52:12 UTC
s020000
Software Code 020000
Page B-17
The following is an example of the flight plan information contained in the K0, K1, X0 and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE
DESCRIPTION
w01aAUS
aaaaaaaa
Waypoint #1, AUS
w02bDFW
bbbbbbbb
Waypoint #2, DFW
...
...
wnnxMCI xxxxxxxx
Last Waypoint, MCI
t aavavu...
Waypoint Types (one for every

waypoint in the flight plan)
The following is an example of the additional information contained only in the X0 and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE
Page B-18
DESCRIPTION
kN 37 21.64728 W 121 55.16121 128.3
Current Latitude N 3721.64728'
l 10312.4 ------- ------
GPS Altitude 10,312.4 feet
m 137.42 138.4 R0.18 R0.31
Magnetic Track 137.42

Desired Track 138.4
Cross-Track Error Right 0.18 nm
Track Angle Error Right 0.31
n +0.0 ---- ---- ----
No Vertical Navigation
o 712.27314 138.942 5:34:15
Distance to waypoint 712.27314 nm

Bearing to waypint 138.942
Time to waypoint 5h 34m 15s
p 13:52:17 -7.0
Data time 13h 52m 17s

Offset from GMT to local time -7.0 hr
q R0.000
No Parallel Offset
r 13:52:17.024
Extended Time 13h 52m 17.024s
u 000.024
Extended Time since solution 0.024s
z G.GPS-3D:4 LOR:7
Sensor in Use GPS

GPS mode 3-D, 4 satellites
LORAN tracking 7 transmitters
Revision A
January 6, 1995
APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements

Supplemental Type Certificates and the FAA approved Flight Manual Supplements for the Trimble 2000 Approach
will be included in this manual when they become available.
Revision A
January 6, 1995
Page C-1
Page C-2
Revision A
January 6, 1995

Trimble Gps in ST

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Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

Insert latest change pages and destroy superceded pages.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

A ......... January 6, 1995

January 13, 1997

List of Effective Pages

January 13, 1997

Table of Contents (Main)

Table of Contents (Section I)

Section I - General Information

Table of Contents (Section II)

Table of Contents (Section III)

Section III - Checkout

Appendix A - RTCA/DO 160-C Environmental Qualification Forms

Appendix B - Serial Interface Specification

Appendix C - Supplemental Flight Certificate and Flight Manual

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4

Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4

PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7

Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

SECTION III - Checkout

GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-5

Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5

Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT -------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1

GPS ANTENNA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-2

APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS ----------------------------- B-1

RS-422 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS --------------------------------------------------------- B-2

SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS ----------------------------------- B-3

RECEIVE PORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3

TRANSMIT PORTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7

Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-7

APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4

PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7