Monohybrid crosses

1. In dogs, wire hair (S) is dominant to smooth (s). In a cross of a homozygous wire-haired dog
with a smooth-haired dog, what will be the phenotype of the F1 generation?
What would be the genotype?
What would be the ratio of wire-haired to smooth-haired dogs in the F2 generation ?
2. Woodrats are medium sized rodents with lots of interesting behaviors. You may know of them
as packrats. Let's assume that the trait of bringing home shiny objects (H) is controlled by a
single locus gene and is dominant to the trait of carrying home only dull objects (h). Suppose two
heterozygous individuals are crossed. How many of each genotype would be expected if only 4
offspring were produced?
How many of each phenotype?
3. Saguaro cacti are very tall cylindrical plants that usually have two L-shaped arms, one on each
side. Suppose you lived in southern Arizona where the Saguaro cactus is common and you
happen to have one growing in your yard. Your Saguaro has two arms but one is longer than the
other. Now, assume that arm length in these cacti are controlled by a single gene with arms of
the same length (A) being dominant to arms of different lengths. What is the genotype of your
cactus?
Could one of the parents of your cactus have had a phenotype with arms the same length?
If so, what would have been the genotype of that parent?
Suppose you cross your cactus with that of your neighbor which has arms of the same length.
Your great grandchildren (it takes a Saguaro cactus a long time to mature) find that half of the
resulting offspring have arms the same length and half have arms of different lengths. What was
the genotype of your neighbor's cactus?
4. The common grackle is a species of robin-sized blackbirds that are fairly common (hence the
name) over most of the United States. Suppose that long tails (L) were dominant to short tails in
these birds. A female short-tailed grackle mates with a male long-tailed grackle who had one
parent with a long tail and one parent with a short tail. What is the male's genotype?
How many of each genotype will be found in the F1 generation (assume 4 offspring)? How many
of each phenotype will be found in the F1 generation?
5. The ability to curl your tongue up on the sides (T, tongue rolling) is dominant to not being able
to roll your tongue. A woman who can roll her tongue marries a man who cannot. Their first child
has his father's phenotype. What are the genotypes of the mother, father, and child?
What is the probability that a second child won't be a tongue roller?
In humans, brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue (b)*. A brown-eyed man marries a blue-eyed
woman and they have three children, two of whom are brown-eyed and one of whom is blueeyed. Draw the Punnett square that illustrates this marriage. What is the mans genotype? What
are the genotypes of the children?
6. In dogs, there is an hereditary deafness caused by a recessive gene, d. A kennel owner has
a male dog that she wants to use for breeding purposes if possible. The dog can hear, so the
owner knows his genotype is either DD or Dd. If the dogs genotype is Dd, the owner does not
wish to use him for breeding so that the deafness gene will not be passed on. How can the owner
test whether a dog is Dd or DD. Draw the Punnett squares to illustrate these two possible

crosses. In each case, what percentage/how many of the offspring would be expected to be
hearing? deaf? How could you tell the genotype of this male dog? Also, using Punnett square(s),
show how two hearing dogs could produce deaf offspring.

Monohybrid crosses
1. In dogs, wire hair (S) is dominant to smooth (s). In a cross of a homozygous wire-haired dog
with a smooth-haired dog, what will be the phenotype of the F1 generation?
What would be the genotype?
What would be the ratio of wire-haired to smooth-haired dogs in the F2 generation ?
2. Woodrats are medium sized rodents with lots of interesting behaviors. You may know of them
as packrats. Let's assume that the trait of bringing home shiny objects (H) is controlled by a
single locus gene and is dominant to the trait of carrying home only dull objects (h). Suppose two
heterozygous individuals are crossed. How many of each genotype would be expected if only 4
offspring were produced?
How many of each phenotype?
3. Saguaro cacti are very tall cylindrical plants that usually have two L-shaped arms, one on each
side. Suppose you lived in southern Arizona where the Saguaro cactus is common and you
happen to have one growing in your yard. Your Saguaro has two arms but one is longer than the
other. Now, assume that arm length in these cacti are controlled by a single gene with arms of
the same length (A) being dominant to arms of different lengths. What is the genotype of your
cactus?
Could one of the parents of your cactus have had a phenotype with arms the same length?
If so, what would have been the genotype of that parent?
Suppose you cross your cactus with that of your neighbor which has arms of the same length.
Your great grandchildren (it takes a Saguaro cactus a long time to mature) find that half of the
resulting offspring have arms the same length and half have arms of different lengths. What was
the genotype of your neighbor's cactus?
4. The common grackle is a species of robin-sized blackbirds that are fairly common (hence the
name) over most of the United States. Suppose that long tails (L) were dominant to short tails in
these birds. A female short-tailed grackle mates with a male long-tailed grackle who had one
parent with a long tail and one parent with a short tail. What is the male's genotype?
How many of each genotype will be found in the F1 generation (assume 4 offspring)? How many
of each phenotype will be found in the F1 generation?
5. The ability to curl your tongue up on the sides (T, tongue rolling) is dominant to not being able
to roll your tongue. A woman who can roll her tongue marries a man who cannot. Their first child
has his father's phenotype. What are the genotypes of the mother, father, and child?
What is the probability that a second child won't be a tongue roller?
In humans, brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue (b)*. A brown-eyed man marries a blue-eyed
woman and they have three children, two of whom are brown-eyed and one of whom is blueeyed. Draw the Punnett square that illustrates this marriage. What is the mans genotype? What
are the genotypes of the children?

6. In dogs, there is an hereditary deafness caused by a recessive gene, d. A kennel owner has
a male dog that she wants to use for breeding purposes if possible. The dog can hear, so the
owner knows his genotype is either DD or Dd. If the dogs genotype is Dd, the owner does not
wish to use him for breeding so that the deafness gene will not be passed on. How can the owner
test whether a dog is Dd or DD. Draw the Punnett squares to illustrate these two possible
crosses. In each case, what percentage/how many of the offspring would be expected to be
hearing? deaf? How could you tell the genotype of this male dog? Also, using Punnett square(s),
show how two hearing dogs could produce deaf offspring.