HISTORY OF BAHAY NAKPIL-BAUTISTA

Built in: 1994

Location: Hidalgo St. Quiapo, Manila
Owner: Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona Nakpil
Architect: Arcadio Arellano
Bahay Nakpil is located at the Heart of Quiapo which is a district and a primary
city square of Manila. It derives its name from the water cabbage (Pistia stratiotes),
which is named Quiapo or Kiapo in the Tagalog language. Referred to as the "Old
Downtown of Manila", Quiapo is home to the Quiapo Church, where the feast of the
Black Nazarene is held with millions of people attending annually. Quiapo has also
made a name for itself as a place for marketplace bargain hunting.
Plaza Miranda, in the heart of the Quiapo district, is a town square named after
Jose Sandino y Miranda, who served as secretary of the treasury of the Philippines from
1853 to 1863. It is located in front of the Quiapo Church, and has become a popular site
of political rallies. On August 21, 1971, while the Liberal Party held their Miting de
Avance in the plaza, a bomb exploded, killing nine and injuring almost 100 civilians.
The Quiapo district is also home to a sizable Muslim population in Manila. The
Golden Mosque and Green Mosque are located there.
In recent years, the local government of Manila, spearheaded by then Mayor Lito
Atienza, launched the Buhayin ang Maynila ("Revitalize Manila") project which greatly
rehabilitated Quiapo and its vicinities, most especially Plaza Miranda, the Arsenio
Lacson Underpass and the University Belt. Parts of Rizal Avenue, starting from Carriedo
Street to Recto Avenue, were converted into pedestrian shopping arcades.

Since the American insular government and commonwealth periods through to

the late 1970s, Quiapo shared its status as the center of the activities of Manila's social
elites as well as trade, fashion, art and higher learning with its surrounding vicinities
(Avenida Rizal, Binondo, Santa Cruz, Escolta and the Manila University Belt). However,
with the construction of the Manila Light Rail Transit System's Yellow Line spanning over
Rizal Avenue, the occlusion of light, the trapping of smog and vehicle emissions left the
streets beneath dark, gloomy and with an increase in crime and transients.
Consequently, many long-time establishments vacated the area. Following the People
Power Revolution in 1986, the vibrancy of Quiapo further diminished, with the void filled
by makeshift markets to accommodate visitors to the Quiapo Church
Quiapo is geographically located at the very center of the city of Manila. It is
bounded by Estero de San Miguel to the South, San Miguel to the east, Recto Avenue
to the north and Quezon Boulevard to the west.
BAHAY NAKPIL-BAUTISTA
An architecturally significant historical Philippine site, stands at the heart of
Quiapo, Manila on a colonial era street now named after its famous resident, Dr. Ariston
Bautista, who built this house with his wife Petrona Nakpil in 1914 on the site of a
previous Nakpil house. Petronas two brothers, Julio and Ramon, also lived here.
Arcadio Arellano built the house for Dr. Ariston Bautista and his wife, Petrona
Nakpil, which survives on 432 Barbosa Street (now A. Bautista Street), Quiapo, two
blocks away from the Enriquez house. Built in 1914, the house is typical of its period: in
the lower storey, thin, narrow, brick walls pressed together by wooden studs; upstairs,
rooms aired by large calados and shaded by sufficient media aguas.
It has features typical of Manila houses following the destructive earthquake of
1880: in the ground story, the brick walls are noticeably thin (21 cm.) while the wooden
posts are connected with each other with several horizontal slats to carry the bricks.
Instead of making the stone walls thick to resist earthquakes, the builders shifted their
bet to multiple joints in the wooden framework that carried the bricks. Over the
brickwork a protective lime mixture was plastered.
The Nakpil-Bautista House also housed the original Black Nazarene statue of
Quiapo Church during the World War II bombings.

Key figures in Philippine history who had lived in the Nakpil-Bautista House

Dr. Ariston Bautista

One of the first professors in the University of the Philippines College of
Medicine, also invented a medicine to combat cholera.

Gregoria de Jesus (Oriang)

The founder and vice-president of the women's chapter of the Katipunan of the
Philippines. She was also the custodian of the documents and seal of the Katipunan.
She married Gat Andrs Bonifacio, the Supremo of the Katipunan and President of the
Katagalugan Revolutionary Government. She played a major and one of the important
roles in the Philippine Revolution. After the death of Bonifacio, she married Julio Nakpil,
one of the generals of the revolution. She had one son from Andrs Bonifacio and five
children from Julio Nakpil.

Julio Nakpil
A Filipino musician, composer and a General during the Philippine Revolution
against Spain. He was a member of the Katipunan, a secret society turned revolutionary
government which was formed to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines.
His Katipunan adoptive name was J. Giliw or simply Giliw. He was commissioned by
Gat Andres Bonifacio, President of the Revolutionary Government, to compose a hymn
which was intended to become the National Anthem of the Philippines. That hymn was
entitled "Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan". Thus, he is mostly remembered as the
composer of the first National Anthem of the Philippines.

Juan Nakpil
A Filipino architect, teacher and a community leader. In 1973, he was named one
of the National Artists for architecture, and tapped as the Dean of Filipino Architects.
Dr. Ariston Bautista was a fellow of our great national hero in a medicine school
in Madrid. Being an Ilustrado, Dr. Bautista joined the La Solidaridad - a propaganda
newspaper to awaken patriotism and freedom - with Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, Graciano
Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H Del Pilar and other. Later on Dr. Ariston Bautista joined the
Faculty of Medicine of the University of Santo Tomas and became the first ever Filipino

Dean of College of Medicine and Surgery of the University of the Philippines - Philippine
General Hospital. Dr. Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista never had a child.
Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista shared this Bahay na Bato to
the Vice Supremo of the Katipunan Julio Nakpil and his wife Gregoria de Jesus.
When Andres Bonifacio was assassinated in Cavite the young "Oryang" Gregoria
de Jesus was left alone. They had one child but died early. Julio Nakpil being the Vice
Supremo of the katipunan took care of the Supremo's wife. Later on they fell in love and
get married and had children. Julio Nakpil a composer and his wife Gregoria de Jesus
lived in the house with Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista until their death
in the 1940's and 1960's. Julio Nakpil and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista were siblings.

Inside The Bahay Nakpil

Replica of the Cedula that was teared by the Kapituneros as a symbol of

freedom from the Spaniards. This is your ticket to the house.

Displays that tells the history of Quiapo and other structures found in Quiapo

Displays that shows the family or Philippine figures who lived in Bahay Nakpil

Replica of Black Nazarene: The Nakpil-Bautista House also housed the original
Black Nazarene statue of Quiapo Church during the World War II bombings.

Left: Letter of Emilio Jacinto to Julio Nakpil (April 11, 1897)

Right: Letter of Andres Bonifacio to Julio Nalpil (April 24, 1887)

History would tell us that Gregoria de Jesus loves coffee to the point that she
became and addict, thus this coffee grinder was an essential to the kitchen.

Saya of Gregorial De Jesus

Cooking Utensils made by Gregoria De Jesus

Bed of Gregoria De Jesus

Tumba-Tumba where Oryang would seat and contemplate about life

Part of the Bahay Nakpil where the life Gregoria De Jesus is portrayed through
the paintings displayed. Starting from her marriage to Andres Bonifacio and her
second marriage to Julio Nakpil.

Some of the Displays Shows the History about KKK, about how they were
torture, their beliefs on anting-anting and how they recruit members were the idea of
networking was used or maybe originated .