Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. A uniformly wound solenoidal coil of self-inductance 1.8 104 H and resistance 6 is broken up into two identical
coils. These identical coils are then connected in parallel across a 15 V battery of negligible resistance. The time constant
for the current in the circuit is ..... s and the steady state current through the battery is ..... A.
(1989; 2M)
2. In a striaght conducting wire, a constant current is flowing from left to right due to a source of emf. When the source
is switched off, the direction of the direction of the induced current in the wire will be ....
(1993; 1M)
3. The network shown in figure is part of a complete circuit. If at a certain instant the current (I) is 5A and is decreasing
at a rate of 103. As then VB VA = ...V
(1997C; 1M)
5 mH
15V
TRUE/FALSE
1. A coil of metal wire is kept stationary in a non-uniform magnetic field. An emf is induced in the coil. (1986; 3M)
2. A conducting rod AB moves parallel to the x-axis (see fig.) in a uniform magnetic field pointing in the positive zdirection. The end A of the rod gets positively charged.
(1987; 2M)
y
B
A
o
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Only One option is correct :
1. A conducting square loop of side L and resistance R
moves in its plane with a uniform velocity v
perpendicular to one of its sides. a magnetic induction
B, constant in time and space, pointing perpendicular
to and into the plane of the loop exists everywhere.
+
+ B
+
+ + + +
+ +
+
+
+ +
V
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+
+
The current induced in the loop is :
(1989; 2M)
(a) BLv/R clockwise
(b) BLv/R anticlockwise
(c) 2BLv/R anticlockwise
(d) zero
2.
303
v
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
M
Q
zero
BvR2/2 and M is at higher potential
BRv and Q is at higher potential
2RBv and Q is at higher potential
3.
4.
5.
7.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
8.
(a)
(b)
maximum in situation (a)
maximum in situation (b)
maximum in situation (c)
the same in all situation
(c)
(a) is zero
(c) increases as r
B(t)
r
B
V
6.
S
Battery
(2002; 2M)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
R
R
R
R
=
=
=
=
e
t
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
observed to be
(a) I1 > I2
(b) I1 < I2
(c) I1 is in the direction ba and I2 is in the direction
cd
(d) I1 is in the direction ab and I2 is in the direction
dc
1k, C = 10 F
1k, L = 1H
1k, C = 10 F
1k, L = 1H
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
14. The variation of induced emf (e) with time (t) in a coil
if a short bar magnet is moved along its axis with a
constant velocity is best represented as: (2004; 2M)
(a)
(b)
t
e
(c)
(d)
2.
305
i1 1
(a) i = 4
2
i1
(b) i = 4
2
W1 1
(c) W = 4
2
V1
(d) V = 4
2
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3.
Magnetic field
Electrostatic field
Induced electric field
Gravitational field
3.
?A
and
A
4.
A
r
O
C
D
2.
V0
Q
5.
3
A
3
B
S
3
C
3
306
8.
R2
B
2
2
A
1
2
9.
2F 10
E1
12V
R2
R5
3V
R4
10 mH
(i) Find the velocity of the rod and the applied force
F as functions of the distance x of the rod from
R.
(ii) What fraction of the work done per second by F
is converted into heat?
6.
R1
B
X
R
C
(a) What is the induced emf across the terminals of
the switch?
(b) The switch S is closed at time t = 0.
(i) Obtain an expression for the current as a function
of time.
(ii) In the steady state, obtain the time dependence of
the torque required to maintain the constant angular
speed. Given that the rod OA was along the
positive x-axis at t = 0.
307
R1
R2
308
R
l
L
B
X0
V= V0sin t
t
T/4
T/2
3T/2
2T
R
a
d
t
T/4 T/2 3T/2 2T
a
3a
1.
R
R
R
S
309
3.
t
+
2
LC
cos
2
LC
t
COMPREHENSION
Passage I :
The capacitor of capacitance C can be charged (with
the help of a resistance R) by a voltage source V, by
closing switch S 1 while keeping switch S 2 open. The
capacitor can be connected in series with an inductor L by
closing switch S 2 and opening S 1.
V
S1
S2
1.
2.
L
Initially, the capacitor was uncharged. Now, switch S 1
is closed and S 2 is kept open. If time constant of this
circuit is , then :
(2006; 6M)
(a) after time interval , charge on the capacitor is
CV/2
(b) after time inerval 2 , charge on the capacitor is
CV (1 e2 )
(c) the work done by the voltage source will be half
of the heat dissipated when the capacitor is fully
charged
(d) after time interval 2 , charge on the capacitor is
CV (1 e1 )
After the capacitor gets fully charged S 1 is opened and
S 2 is closed so that the inductor is connected in series
with the capacitor. Then,
(2006; 6M)
(a) at t = 0, energy stored in the circuit is purely in the
form of magnetic energy.
(b) at any time t > 0, current in the circuit is in the
same direction.
(c) at t > 0, there is no exchange of energy between
the inductor and capacitor.
(d) at any time t > 0, maximum instantaneous current
in the circuit may V
d 2Q
dt 2
d 2Q
LC dt 2
Passage II :
Modern trains are based on Maglev technology in
which trains are magnetically leviated, whcih runs its EDS
Maglev system.
There are coils on both sides of wheels. Due to motion
of train, current induces in the coil of track which levitate
it. This is in accordance with Lenz's law. If trains lower
down then due to Lenz's law a repulsive force increases
due to which train gets uplifted and if it gos much high
then there is a net downward force due to gravity. The
advantage of Maglev train is that there is no friction
between the train and the track, thereby reducing power
consumption and enabling the tain to attain very high
speeds.
Disadvantage of Maglev train is that as it slows down
the electromagnetic forces decreases and it becomes
difficult to keep it leviated and as it moves forward
according to Lenz law there is an electromagnetic drag
force.
4.
5.
6.
C
L
310
ANSWERS
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1.
3 103 , 10
2. left to right
3. 15
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2. T
2. (d)
9. (d)
16. (d)
3. (b)
10. (a)
4. (b)
11. (d)
5. (c)
12. (b)
6. (d)
13. (a)
7. (b)
14. (b)
(a, c, d)
2. (a, d)
3. (b, d)
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1.
1 mV
5. (i) v =
7.
( R + 2 x)i
2 l2 m
2
(ii) F = 2 2 ( R + 2x ) + idB
Bd
B d
7
6
1
A (E to A),
A (B to E),
A (F to E)
22
22
22
B r 2
Br 2
9. (a) e =
(b) (i) i =
2
2R
t
1 e L
B 2 r 4 mgr
+
cos t
(ii) net =
4R
2
11. (a) v =
10. 3.465 s
12. F =
21 02 M 2a 4V
(Repulsion)
4
Rx8
mgR
2 2
B L
(b) a =
g
2
13. (a) 104 A/s (b) zero (c) 2.0 A (d) 1.732 104 C
B0 av
g
ur
B 2a 2 v $
B2 a2
g
gmR
kT
) where K = 0 , v1 =
14. (a) i =
, anticlockwise (b) F = 0
j (c) v = (1 e
=
R
K
R
mR
K
B02 a2
15. 35.6C
16. 12 e 5t V, 6e10t A (clockwise)
17. (a)
T
d
di
1 0 I 0 I
= iR + L
(b)
In
(2)
Li
(c)
1
In(4)
dt
dt
R 2
aCI 0 2 In (2)
18. imax = 0
19. R =
4
(r1 r2 )
3
20. 20A,
0 Ldna2 I 0 cos t
21. i =
2R
2. (d)
3. (c)
4. (a)
311
5. (d)
6. (c)
SOLUTIONS
FILL IN THE BLANKS
TRUE/FALSE
1.
1.
2.
0.9 104
Inductance of the circuit L =
= 0.45 104 H
2
(in parallel)
4
0.910 H 3
4
0.910 H 3
15V
Resistance of the circuit R =
3
=1.5 (in parallel)
2
L
$
= 3.0 105 s
Steady state current in the circuit through the battery
2.
3.
V 15
=
= 10A
R 1.5
5 mH
15V
3.
B
potential. Due to this potential difference, there is an
electric field in the rod.
di
dt
4.
i
L
i
L
Magnetic flux linked with smaller loop,
= B.S.
say
I=5A
15V
+++
+++
|e|=5V
2.
I
1
Fm
1.
di
= 103 A/s
dt
L (time constant) =
i0 =
B= K
i 2
= K (l )
L
Therefore, the mutual inductance
Now,VA 5 + 15 + 5= VB
VA VB = 15V
or
VB VA = 15V
M=
312
l2
l2
=K
or M
i
L
L
ur r
E.d l
7.
d
dt
= S
dB
dt
or
2
E (2r) = a
[capacitance] = [ 0 ] [length]
E=
5.
dB
for r a
dt
a 2 dB
2r dt
For
ra
or
E=
1
r
r dB
2 dt
or
E r
a dB
2 dt
Therefore, variation of E with r (distance from centre)
will be as follows :
r = a, E =
At
1 dB
2 dt
Perpendicular to
paper outwards
Perpendicular to
paper inwards
8.
t / L
i = i0 1 e
where
i0 =
0 Ni
in case of circular coil i.e.,
2R
Bi
..(1)
I2 (t) = K 4e k2t
V 12
= = 2A
R 6
e2
dI 1
dI 1
I 2 (t ) = R and e2 dt : e2 = M dt
L 8.4 103
=
= 1.4 103 s
R
6
and
i=1 A
(given)
t=?
Substituting these values in Eq. (1), we get
t = 0.97 10 3s
or
t = 0.97 ms
t = 1 ms
and
1
r
r=a
E
r
L =
313
I2( t )
= 100 rad/s
As
I(t)B(t)
2
B(t)
1
s 1
100
10. When current flows in any of the coils, the flux linked
with the other coil will be maximum in the first case.
Therefore, mutual inductance will be maximum in case
(a).
(d)
9.
I
b
12. Power P =
e2
R
1.
d
Here, e = induced emf =
where = NBA
dt
di
V = L dt
dB
e = NA
dt
Also
P1
=1
P2
XC
R
i1 V2 1
V1 i1 = V2 i2 or i = V = 4
2
1
N 2r 2
l
1
C
or tan
=
4
R
V2 L2 2 1
V
=
= = or 1 = 4
V1 L1 8 4
V2
r2
where R = resistance, r = radius, l = length
Energy stored
W=
1 2
Li
2
it is an R-C
4
W1 1
W2 L2 i 2
1
=
= = (4)2 or
W
4
W1 L1 i1
4
2
2.
3.
314
II
(b), (d)
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1.
or
= B ( r 2 )
2
or
Br 2
Br 2
t
=
2
2
= 103 V
= 1 mV
2.
e B r 2
=
R
2R
Br 2
and anticlockwise.
2R
In next half rotation when loop comes out fo region II
current will be clockwise, but again magnitude is
constant. So, taking anticlockwise current as the
positive i t graphs for two rotations will be as under.
i
be of constant magnitude i =
r
2R
Bv0l
R
iR (1 103 )(4)
or
v0 =
=
= 0.02 m/s
Bl
2 0.1
Cross magnetic field passing through the loop is
decreasing. therefore, induced current will produced
magnetic field in cross direction. Or direction of induced
current is clockwise.
4.
d B r 2
=
dt
2R
r
2R
/ 2/ 3/ 4/
5.
(a) At time t : = t
315
current
Steady current in R4 :
e
Bvd
=
Rnet R + 2x
i=
3
= 0.6A
3 +2
Time when current in R4 is half the steady value:
i0 =
( R + 2x) i
Bd
Net force on the rod, Fnet
=m
v=
t1/2 =
dv 2 im
dx
=
( R + 2x ).
dt
Bd
dt
(10 103 )
In (2)
5
= 1.386 103 s
=
dx
( R + 2x) i
=v =
dt
Bd
but
2 t 2 m
Fnet =
2 2
( R + 2 x) 2
B d
This net force is equal to F Fm
where
Fm = idB
2 i2 m
F = Fnet +Fm =
B2d2
i0
( R + 2x ) 2 + idB
1 2 1
Li = (10 103 )(0.3) 2 = 4.5 10 4 J
2
2
Induced emf in two loops AEFD and EBCF would be
U =
7.
6.
e1 =
2F
2
1
2
12V
i1 i2
i1
A
i1
2
3V
10 mH
d1
dB
= S1
= (1 1) (1) V = 1V
dt
dt
Similarly,e2 =
i2
d 2
dB
= S2
= (0.5 1) (1) V = 0.5V
dt
dt
i1
B
3
A
2i2 + 2 (i1 i2 ) + 12 = 0
2i1 4i2 = 12
or
i1 2i2 = 6
...(1)
Applying Kirchhoff's second law in loop 2 :
12 2 (i1 i2 ) + 3 2i1 = 0
or
4i1 2i2 = 9
...(2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2), we get
i2 = 2.5 A and i1 = 1A
Now,
VA + 3 2i2 = VB
or
VA VB = 2i1 3 = 2 (1) 3 = 5V
e1=1V
D
0.5
E
i1
i2
1
i
1
i1
B
e2=0.5V
1
0.5
i2
L
In(2)
= L (in 2) =
in (2)
R
1/ L
3
10 mH
316
8.
or
But since e = BVL
V=
B
R1
R1
i1
F
B
D
R2
e
(0.6)
m/s
=
BL (0.6)(1.0)
= 1.0 m/s
Hence, terminals velocity of bar is 1.0 m/s
Power in R1 is 0.76 W
1.96
V
3.27
e = 0.6 V
=
e=BVL
F
0.76 =
R1 =
R2
i2
(2)
e2
R1
e2
0.76
(0.6)2
= 0.47
0.76
R1 = 0.47
(1)
i1 =
i2 =
e
R1
...(1)
Similarly,
e
R2
R2 =
...(2)
e2
1.2
(0.6)2
= 0.3
1.2
R2 = 0.3
=
9.
dx
V=x
Fm
E
Fg
F
Speed of this element, V = x
Therefore, induced emf developed across this element
in uniform magnetic field B
de = (B) (x) dx
(e = Bvl)
Hence, total induced emf across OA,
mg (0.2)(9.8)
=
A
LB (1.0)(0.6)
or i = 3.27 A
Multiplying Eq. (5) by e, we get
ei = ei1 + ei2
= (0.76 + 1.2) W
(From Eqs. 3 and 4)
= 1.96 W
e=
e =
x= r
x= 0
de =
e=
Bxdx =
B r 2
2
1.96
V
i
O and A.
317
Br 2
2
B r 2
is induced across
2
r
B 2 r 4
=
(clockwise)
2
4R
Similarly, torque of weight (mg) about centre O is
Fm = Fm .
r
mgr
cos t (clockwise)
cos =
2
2
Therefore, net torque at any time t (after steady state
condition is achieved) about centre O will be
mg = ( mg)
r2
2
S
n e t = Fm + mg
t / L
i = i0 1 e
B 2 r 4 mgr
+
cos t
4R
2
(clockwise)
Hence, the external torque applied to maintain a constant
=
e B r 2
=
R
2R
l = L/R
B r 2
i=
2R
B2 r 4 mgr
cos t (but in
+
4R
2
i0 =
anticlockwise direction)
R
t
e L
3
, torque of weight will be
<<
2
2
anticlockwise the sign of which is automatically adjusted
Note that for
i
10. U =
i0
3
<<
2
2
1 2
Li i.e., U i2
2
1
th of its maximum value when current
4
is reached half of its maximum value. In L-R circuit,
equation of current growth is written as
U will reach
t / L
i = i0 (1 e
)
Here, i0 = Maximum value of current
t=t
i=i 0
t=0
r/2
F
m
O
r/2cos
mg
L =
t/ 5
Therefore i = i0 /2 = i0 1 e
0= t
Br 2
The steady state current will be i = i0 =
2R
From right hand rule we can see that this current
would be inwards (from circumference to centre) and
correspondingmagneticforcFem will be in the direction
shown in figure (4) and its magnitude is given by:
or
B 2 r 3
[Fm = ilB]
2R
or
or
10H
= 5s1
2
318
or
or
1
= 1 et/5
2
e t/5 =
1
2
1
t/5 = In
2
t/5 = In (2) = 0.693
t = (5) (0.693)s
t = 3.465 s
11. (a) Let V be the velocity of the wire (as well as block)
at any instant of time t.
Motional emf, e = BVL
e BVL
=
r
R
and magnetic force on the wire
Motional current, i =
or
0 Ma2 3 dx
dx
3 0 Ma2
V
=
4
dt = V
4
2 x dt
2 x
VB 2 L2
= mg Fm = mg
R
ma = mg
VB 2 L2
R
VB 2 L2
...(1)
mR
Velocity will acquire its terminals value i.e., V = VT
when Fnet or acceleration (a) of the particle becomes
zero.
V B2 L2
0=g T
mR
or
VT =
2
e 3 0 Ma
V
=
R 2 Rx 4
Magnetic moment of the coil due to this induced
current will be,
i=
a = g
Thus
0 M
0 Ma2
2) =
(a
2 x 3
2 x3
Induced emf in the coil, due to motion of hthe
magnet is,
= BS =
0 Ma2 d 1
d
e =
= 2
3
dt
dt x
VB 2 L2
Fm = iLB =
R
Net force in the system at this moment will be
Fnet
Due to this, magnetic flux linked with the coil will be,
M' = iS =
Rx 4
V (a 2 )
4
3 0 Ma V
2
Rx4
uur
ur
Potential energy of M in B will be
U = M' B cos 180
U = M'B
B 2 L2
mgR
VT
=
2
2B 2 L2
Then from Eq. (1) acceleration of the block,
(b) When V =
mgR B 2 L2
a = g
2B 2 L2 mR
or
0 Ma2
M' =
mgR
4
3 0 Ma V 0 M
. 3
2
2 x
Rx4
i
V
S
g
2
=g
3
2
B
(due to magnet)
M
(of coil)
a = g/2
U=
^k
y
V
a
^j
dU 21 20 M 2a 4V
=
dx
4
Rx8
Positive sign of F implies that there will be a repulsion
between the magnet and the coil.
Note that here we cannot apply
^i
x
Magnetic field at the centre of the coil due to the bar
magnet is.
B=
3 20 M 2a 4V 1
4
R
x7
0 2M 0 M
=
4 x 3 2 x 3
319
F=
0 6MM '
(directily)...(i)
4 x 4
because here M' is a function of x however Eq. (1) can
be applied where M and M' both are constants.
F=
Q=
3 10 4 C
Q = 1.732 104 C
Q=
or
LC
z-direction
Y=y
=
1
(2 103 H )(5.0 10 6 F )
= 104 s 1
Let at t = 0, Q = Q0 then
Q (t) = Q0 cos t
dQ
I (t) =
dt
= Q0 sin t and
dl (t )
= Q0 2 cos (t)
dt
dY
...(1)
Y=y+a
y
Y = y +a
....(2)
e=
1
, from Eq. (3) :
2
d
B0
dy
[2( y + a) 2 y]
=
dt
2
dt
where v =
1 2
1 2 1 Q2
LI max = LI +
2
2
2 C
I=
B0
[( y + a) 2 y 2 ]
2
dy
dt
e = B0 va
dI
= 104 A/s
dt
Q=
Y =y
e = B0 a
dI
1
= (2.0 104 C) (104 s 1 )2
dt
2
or
d =
1
cos t =
or t =
3
2
At cos (t) =
B0Y
( adY )
a
=
...(3)
Q0
(a) Q = 100C or
2
or
r B y
B = 0 k
a
Induced current i =
dy
= speed of loop
dt
e B0 av
=
R
R
ur
Directions : B y i.e., as the loop comes down
magnetic field passing through the loop increase,
therefore the induced current will producer , magnetic
field or the induced current in the loop will be counterclockwise.
Alternate Solution (of part a)
ur r
Motional emf in EH and FG = 0 as V || I
B0 y
Motional emf in EF is e1 =
(a )v = B0 yv
a
(e = Blv)
Similarly motional emf in GH will be
2
LC ( I max
I2)
I max
= 1.0 A
2
B0 ( y + a)
( a)( v)
e2 =
a
320
= B0 (a + y)v
Polarities of e1 and e2 are shown in adjoining figure.
B2 a 2 v
= FGH FEF = = 0
(upwards)
R
e1
e2
ur
B02a 2v $
j
F =
R
(c) Net force on the loop will be
F= weight Lorentz force (downwards)
e1
e2>e1
e = e2 e1
e = B0 av
B 2 a2
dv
= g 0 v = g Kv
mR
dt
e B0 av
=
R
R
and direction of current will be counter-clockwise.
(b) Total lorentz force on the loop :
x
y
B
dv
2 2
m = mg B0 a v v
dt
R
or
e2
Net emf,
B2 a 2v
F = mg 0
R
or
i=
where
K=
dv
= dt
g Kv
or
or
dv
g Kv =
V
y
We have seen in part (a) that induced current passing
through the loop (when its speed is v) is
g
(1 e Kt )
K
O
Here
B02 avy
R
B02 a 2
K = mR
g mgR
VT = K = 2 2
B0 a
B0 av
B0 ( y + a )
= R (a)
(upwards)
a
B02 av
= R ( y + a)
vT=g/K
(F = ilB)
and FGH
dt
B0av B0 y
=
( a)
(downwards)
R a
B0 av
i=
R
Now magnetic force on EH and FG are equal in
magnitude and in opposite directions, hence they
cancel each other and produce no force on the loop.
FEF
B02 a2
= constant
mR
at t
321
B(T)
0.8
t(s)
0
0.2 0.4 0.6
0.8
Induced emf in the coil to change in magnetic flux
passing through it,
e=
d
dB
= NA
dt
dt
E
R1
i=
2
= 1.25 A
1.6
0.4
0.6 0.8
L
R2
(a)
(b)
Now refer figure (b) :
This is a simple L-R circuit, whose time constant
0.4
= 0.2s
2
and steady state current i0 = E/R2 = 12/2 = 6A
Therefore, if switch S is closed at time t = 0, then
current in the circuit at any time t will be given by
L = L/R2 =
+ 1.25
0.2
E
R1
R2
e
i=
(R = Resistance of coil = 1.6)
R
or
t(s)
(
)
t/ 0.2
i (t) = 6 (1 e
)
5t
= 6 (1 e ) = i (say)
t / L
i (t) = i0 1 e
1.25
Power dissipated in the coil is
P = i2 R = (1.25)2 (1.6) W = 2.5 W
Power is independent of the direction of current through
the coil. Therefore, power (P) versus time (t) graph for
first two cycles will be as follows :
P(watt)
2.5
t(s)
0
0.8
Total heat obtained in 12,000 cycles will be
H = P. t = (2.5) (12000) (0.4) = 12000J
di
= L (30e5t ) = (0.4) (30)e5t
dt
or
V = 12 e5t volt
(b) The steady state current in L or R2 is
i = 6A
Now, as soon as the switch is opened, current in R1
is reduced to zero immediately. But in L and R2 it
decreases exponentially. The situation is as follows :
Refer figure (e) :
322
i=6A
0
i
L
L
i 0 R1
R1
i=
L = T
In(4)
R
18. (a) For an elemental strip of thickness dx at a distance
x from left wire, net magnetic field (due to both wires)
L =
E
=6A
R1
R2
R2
i=0
t=0
S is open
(d)
t=t
(c)
Refer figure (e)
Time constant of this circuit would be
L'
(e)
B=
d = BdS =
Total flux =
di
d
This is the desired relation between i,
and
dt
dt
(b) Eq. (1) can be written as
d = iRdt + Ldi
Integrating we get
= R.q + Li 1
e=
0 I 0 l
In (2)
2
i1
Here, i = , i0 = i1 , t = (2T T ) = T and
4
L
R
Substituting these values in eq. (3), we get :
L =
0 I 1
1
+
adx
2 x 3a x
0 Ia
2
2a
x + 3a x dx
or
0 Ia
In (2)
0 Ia In(2)
(I0 sin t)
...(1)
...(3)
d
0 aI 0 In(2)
=
cost = e0 cost
dt
0 aI 0 In(2)
1 0 I 0 l
In( 2 ) Li1
R 2
i = i0 e t / L
0 I 1
1
+
2 x 3a x
0 I 0 I
+
(outwards)
2 x 2 3 a x
...(2)
0 I 0
= f i = 2 x ldx
x= 2 x0
=
2a
a
x= x0
Here
d
di
d
di
iR L = 0 or
= iR + L
dt
dt
dt
dt
Li1
R
R
a
a
3a
L
0.4
=
=
= 0.1s
R1 + R2 (2 + 2)
q =
dx
e0 =
i=
dq
= Ce0 sint
dt
...(2)
..(3)
0 aI 0 2 In(2)
323
0 aI 0 In(2)
q 0 = Ce0
i =20 sin ( t / 4 )
20
O
- 10 2
T 9T/8 t
T/8 T/4
T/2 5T/8
q
q0
+
T
2
i
T
4
3T T
4
21. Out side the solenoid net magnetic field zero. It can be
assumed only inside the solenoid and equal to 0 nl.
Induced e =
q0
19. After a long time, resistance across an inductor becomes zero while resistance across capacitor becomes
infinite. Hence, net external resistance.
Rnet
d
d
= (BA)
dt
dt
d
( 0nIa 2 )
dt
or
|e| = (0 na 2 ) (I0 cos t)
Resistance of the cylindrical vessel
=
R
+R
2
=
2
R=
3R
4
Current through the batteries,
l (2R )
=
s
Ld
i=
Induced current i =
2E
3R
+ r1 + r2
4
E ir1 = 0
2E
or E
r1 = 0
3R / 4 + r1 + r2
Solving this equation, we get, R =
Z =
=
1.
q = CV (1 e2 / )
= CV (1 e2 )
2.
4
(r1 r2 )
3
R2 + X L2
1 2
1
LI max = CV 2
2
2
(11) 2 + (11)2 = 11 2
Given
Vrms = 220V
Hence, amplitude of voltage
C
L
Comparing the LC oscillation with normal SHM we get,
3.
2Vrms = 220 2 V
i0 = 20 A
v0 =
or
COMPREHENSION
| e | 0 Ldna2 I 0 cos t
=
R
2R
I max = V
d 2Q
dt 2
XL
Phase difference = tan1
11
= tan1 =
11 4
In L-R circuit voltage leads the current. Hence, instan324
Here,
= 2 Q
2 =
1
LC
Q = LC
d 2Q
dt 2