129

IEC 1984

U ban k thut in quc t

Tiu chun IEC

n phm s 129
Xut bn ln th ba
1984

Dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t

dng cho li in xoay chiu

IEC 1984
Vn phng trung ng U ban k thut in quc t
S 3, ng Varemb

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Ginev, Thu s

Vic xem xt li n phm ny

Ni dung k thut ca cc n phm IEC c y ban k thut in

quc t xem xt li thng xuyn m bo n phm phn nh tt
tnh trng k thut hin nay.
Cc ch dn lin quan ti vic xem xt li ny, n vic thc hin
cc ln xut bn c xt li, v n vic cp nht ti liu c th
nhn c t cc y ban quc gia ca IEC v c tham kho cc ti liu
di y:
Thng bo ca IEC
Nin gim ca IEC.
Danh mc cc n phm ca IEC c cng b hng nm.

Thut ng
V thut ng chung, ngi c cn xem n phm 50 IEC: "Thut
ng k thut in quc t" (IEV), c xy dng di dng cc chng
ring r, mi chng ni v mt ch xc nh. Bng tra cu chung
cng c xut bn ring r, cc chi tit y v IEV c th nhn c
theo n t hng.
Cc thut ng v nh ngha dng trong n phm ny c th hoc
ly t IEV, hoc c ph chun c bit, theo cc mc tiu ca n
phm ny.

Cc k hiu bng th hoc bng ch

V k hiu bng th, bng ch v cc du hiu s dng chung,
c IEC ph chun, ngi c c th tham kho :
- n phm 27 IEC
in";

: "Cc k hiu bng ch dng trong k thut

- n phm 617 IEC: "Cc k hiu bng th khuyn nn dng".

Cc k hiu v du hiu dng trong n phm ny hoc ly t cc n
phm 27 hay 117 ca IEC, hoc c ph chun ring theo cc mc tiu
ca n phm ny

Cc n phm IEC cng do y ban k thut ny xy dng

Xin mi ngi c lu xem trang ba 3. y c lit k cc n
phm IEC do y ban k thut xy dng n phm ny son tho.
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Mc lc
Tiu chun IEC............................................................................................................... 1
1. Phm vi p dng........................................................................................................ 6
2. iu kin vn hnh bnh thng v c bit.........................................................6
3. nh ngha............................................................................................................... 6
3.101. Cc thut ng chung......................................................................................6
3.102. Thit b ng ct........................................................................................ 7
3.103. Cc phn ca thit b ng ct...................................................................7
3.104. Tc ng (ca mt thit b ng ct c kh)............................................8
3.105. Cc i lng c trng....................................................................................8
4. Cc c tnh nh mc.......................................................................................10
4.1. in p nh mc............................................................................................ 10
4.2. Mc cch in nh mc...............................................................................10
4.3. Tn s nh mc............................................................................................. 11
4.4. Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng v mc gia tng nhit ...........11
4.5. Dng cho php ngn hn nh mc..............................................................11
4.6. Gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc..................................................11
4.7. Thi gian ngn mch nh mc.....................................................................12
4.8. in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho thit bi ng v m v cc mch
ph.......................................................................................................................... 12
4.9. Tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v m v cc
mch ph................................................................................................................. 12
4.10. p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn thao tc........................12
4.101. Dng ng ngn mch nh mc.............................................................12
4.102. Min tip xc nh mc.............................................................................12
4.103 Ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc......................................................14
4.104. Gi tr nh mc ca lc cc i cn cho thao tc bng tay......................14
ang nghin cu..................................................................................................... 14
4.105. Hnh vi khi mang gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc v mang
dng cho php ngn hn nh mc......................................................................14
4.106. Hnh vi ca cc dao cch ly ni t khi ng cc dng ngn mch..........15
4.107. Phi hp cc in p nh mc, cc dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng, cc dng cho php ngn hn nh mc v cc gi tr nh ca dng cho
php nh mc...................................................................................................... 15
5. Thit k v ch to................................................................................................ 20
5.1. Quy nh i vi cc cht lu c dng trong cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni
t.......................................................................................................................... 20
5.2. Quy nh i vi cc cht kh c dng trong cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly
ni t.................................................................................................................... 20
5.3. Ni t cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t...............................................20
5.4. Thit b ph..................................................................................................... 20
5.5. ng ph thuc vo ngun nng lng bn ngoi...............................................20
5.6 ng bng nng lng tch lu............................................................................20
5.7. Tc ng ca cc b phn ly hp.....................................................................20
5.8. Kho lin ng c p lc thp v cao..............................................................20
5.9. Bin thng s................................................................................................... 20
5.101. Quy nh c bit cho cc dao cch ly ni t.......................................21
5.102. Quy nh v khong cch cch ly ca cc dao cch ly...............................21
5.103. bn c kh.............................................................................................. 22
5.104. V tr ca h thng tip im ng v cc thit b ch th v bo v
ca chng................................................................................................................ 22
6. Th nghim mu.................................................................................................... 23
6.1. Th nghim in mi.....................................................................................23
6.2. Th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in.............................................26
6.3. Th nghim gia tng nhit ........................................................................26
6.4. o in tr mch chnh...................................................................................26
6.5. Th nghim vi dng in ngn hn cho php v vi gi tr nh ca dng
in cho php....................................................................................................... 26

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6.101. Th nghim kim tra kh nng ng ngn mch ca cc dao cch ly ni

t.......................................................................................................................... 28
6.102. Th nghim vn hnh v bn c kh...................................................28
6.103. Vn hnh trong cc iu kin nghim ngt v hnh thnh bng.............29
6.104. Vn hnh cc nhit gii hn.................................................................31
7. Th nghim c th hng lot..................................................................................32
7.1. Th nghimchu ng kh in p tn s cng nghip ca mch chnh 32

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7.2. Th nghim in p chu ng cho cc mch ph v mch iu khin......32

7.3. o in tr mch chnh...................................................................................32
7.101. Th nghim thao tc c kh........................................................................32
8. Hng dn chn dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t tu theo iu kin vn hnh. 33
8.101. Tng qut.................................................................................................... 33
8.102. Chn cc c tnh nh mc cho cc iu kin vn hnh bnh thng..34
9. Cc thng tin cn cho trong u thu, nhn thu v t hng...........................36
9.101. Cc thng tin cn cho khi u thu v t hng......................................36
9.102. Cc thng tin cn cho vic nhn thu.........................................................37
10. Quy tc v chuyn ch, lu kho, lp t v bo dng........................................38
10.1. Cc iu kin cn tun th trong lc chuyn ch, lu kho v lp t........38
10.2. Lp t........................................................................................................ 38
10.3. Bo dng......................................................................................................... 38

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U ban k thut in quc t

Dao cch ly v dao ni t in xoay chiu
Li ni u
1) Cc quyt nh v tho thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn k thut son
tho bi cc U ban K thut, trong c i din ca tt c cc U ban quc gia
c bit quan tm n vn , th hin mt cch gn nht c th, mt
s nht tr quc t v quan im trong cc ch c xem xt.
2) Cc quyt nh ny l cc khuyn ngh c tnh quc t v c cc U ban quc
gia tha nhn theo ngha .
3) thc y s thng nht quc t, IEC mong mun rng tt c cc U ban quc
gia tha nhn vn bn ca khuyn ngh ca IEC v a vo cc th l quc gia
trong mc m cc iu kin quc gia cho php. Mi s khc bit gia
khuyn ngh ca IEC v th l quc gia tng ng, trong mc c th cn c
ch r trong cc th l quc gia.

Li ta
Tiu chun ny c son tho bi Tiu ban 17A: "Thit b ng ct v thit
b iu khin cao p".
Ln xut bn th ba ny thay th ln xut bn th hai ca n phm 129 IEC.
Tiu chun ny tham kho n phm 694 IEC: "Cc iu khon chung dng cho
tiu chun thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin in p cao" ang c
p dng tr khi n c quy nh khc trong tiu chun ny. n gin ho
vic ch dn cc yu cu tng ng, ngi ta s dng cng mt cch nh s
cc iu mc nh trong n phm 694. Cc thay i v cc iu, mc cng
c ch dn theo cng cch tham kho, cn cc mc b sung c nh s t
101.
Vn bn ca tiu chun ny da trn cc ti liu sau:
Quy tc 6 thng

Bo co b phiu

17A (CO) 162

17A (CO) 166

Mun c thng tr rng hn xin tham kho bo co b phiu c nu

bng trn.
Cc n phm sau y ca IEC c lit k trong tiu chun ny:
Cc n phm s 56 (151) 1978:
T ng k thut in (IEV).
Chng 151: Thit b in v thit b t.
50 198 Chng 441. Thit b ng ct, thit b iu
(441) 4
khin v cu ch
60-1 197 K thut th nghim in p cao. Phn 1: nh
3
ngha v quy nh chung v th nghim.
137
S xuyn cch in dng cho in p xoay chiu
265 197 cao hn 1000V
270 3
MC in p cao
298 196 o cc phng in tng phn
8
Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin c v
198 kim loi dng in xoay chiu c in p nh
466 1
mc cao hn 1kV v nh hn hoc bng 72,5kV.
198 Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin c v
517 1
bc cch in in p cao.
Thit b ng ct c v kim loi in p cao c

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694
197
4

in p nh mc cao hn v bng 72,5kV.

Cc iu khon chung cho cc thit b ng ct
v thit b iu khin tiu chun in p cao.

197
5
198
0

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Dao cch ly v dao ni t in xoay chiu

1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t
dng in xoay chiu lp t trong nh v ngoi tri cho cc
in p cao hn 1000V v tn s vn hnh n v bng 60Hz.
Tiu chun ny cng p dng cho cc thit b iu khin ca cc dao
cch ly v dao cch ly ni t ny cng nh cc thit b ph ca chng.
Tiu chun ny khng nghin cu cc yu cu b sung cho cc dao
cch ly v dao cch ly ni t lp trong cc thit b ng ct v
thit b iu khin, v cc loi ny c xem xt trong n phm 298
ca IEC: "Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin c v kim loi
dng in xoay chiu c in p nh mc cao hn 1kV v nh hn
hoc bng 72,5kV", trong n phm 466 IEC: " Thit b ng ct v
thit b iu khin c v bc cch in", v trong n phm 517 IEC: "
Thit b ng ct in p cao c v kim loi c in p nh mc
bng v cao hn 72,5kV".
Ghi ch - Cc dao cch ly c cu ch l phn hp thnh khng c xem xt
trong tiu chun ny.

2. iu kin vn hnh bnh thng v c bit

Theo iu 2 ca n phm 694 IEC: "Cc iu khon chung dng cho
cc thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin tiu chun in p
cao".
3. nh ngha
Trong iu ny tham kho cc nh ngha cho trong n phm 50
(441) ca IEC: "T ng k thut in quc t (IEV). Chng 441. "Thit
b ng ct, thit b iu khin v cu ch", trong n phm 50
(151) chng 151. "Thit in v thit b t" khi c cc nh ngha
thch hp.
Cc nh ngha sau y c p dng cho tiu chun ny.
3.101. Cc thut ng chung
3.101.1. Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin (441-11-01)
3.101.2. Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin t trong
nh (441-11-04)
3.101.3. Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin t ngoi
tri (441-11-05)
3.101.4. Nhit khng kh mi trng.
3.101.5. Gia tng nhit (ca mt phn ca dao cch ly v
dao cch ly ni t).
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10

lch ca nhit ca phn v ca khng kh mi trng.

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11

3.102. Thit b ng ct
3.102.1. Dao cch ly
y:

Theo nh ngha 441-14-05 ca IEV vi ghi ch b sung sau

Ghi ch - Thut ng "dng in khng ng k" ni v cc dng in nh
dng in dung ca c s xuyn, cc thanh ci, cc mi ni, cc
on cp rt ngn, cc dng ca cc MC c cc tng tr nhiu bc
c ni vnh vin, cc dng in cc my bin in p v my
chia in p.
i vi in p nh mc 420kV th dng in khng qu 0,5A c
xem nh l khng ng k trong khi s dng nh ngha ny. Vi
cc in p nh mc >420kV th phi tham kho kin nh ch
to.
Nhn t "Khng c thay i ng k v din p" nhm vo cc p
dng nh s bc cu ca cc my iu chnh in p cm ng
hoc ca MC.

3.102.2. Dao cch ly (dao cch ly ni t) c cc tr tch ri nhau

441-14-06 (07)

3.102.3.
3.102.4.
3.102.5.
3.102.6.

Dao cch ly ct trung tm (441-14-08)

Dao cch ly ct kp (441-14-09)
Dao cch ly ni t (441-14-11)
MC - dao cch ly (441-14-12)

3.103. Cc phn ca thit b ng ct

3.103.1. Cc (441-15-01)
3.103.2. Mch chnh (441-15-02)
3.103.3. Mch iu khin (441-15-03)
3.103.4. Mch ph (441-15-04)
3.103.5. Tip im (441-15-05)
3.103.6. Linh kin tip xc (441-15-06)
3.103.7. Tip im chnh (441-15-07)
3.103.8. Tip im ph (441-15-10)
3.103.9. Tip im iu khin (441-15-09)
3.103.10. Tip im cn ng, tip im a (441-15-12)
3.103.11. Tip im cn m, tip im b (441-15-13)
3.103.12. Thit b ch v tr (441-15-25)
3.103.13. Thit b bo hiu v tr
l phn ca dao cch ly hay ca dao cch ly ni t c th c
tn hiu dng, thnh thong l mt v tr cch xa dao
cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t, ch r cc tip im ca
mch chnh l v tr m hoc ng.
3.103.14. u cc (151-01-03)
3.103.15. Min tip xc (i vi cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly
ni t c cc phn t tch ri)
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12

l khng gian xc nh ranh gii cc v tr khc nhau ca tip

im tnh c th lp ng vo tip im ng.

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13

3.104. Tc ng (ca mt thit b ng ct c kh)

3.104.1. Thao tc (441-16-01)
3.104.2. Chu trnh thao tc (441-16-02)
3.104.3. Thao tc ng (441-16-08)
3.104.4. Thao tc m (441-16-09)
3.104.5. Thao tc bng tay c lp (441-16-13)
3.104-6. Thao tc c lp bng ngun nng lng ngoi (44116-14)
3.104.7. Thao tc bng nng lng tch lu (441-16-15)
3.104.8. Thao tc bng tay ph thuc (441-16-16)
3.104.9. V tr ng (441-16-22)
3.104.10. V tr m (441-16-23)
3.104.11. Thit b kho lin ng (441-16-49)
3.105. Cc i lng c trng
3.105.1. Dng in gi nh (ca mt mch v c lin quan n
mt dao cch ly hoc mt dao cch ly ni t) (441-17-01)
3.105.2. Gi tr nh ca dng in gi nh
Gi tr nh ca na chu k ln u tin ca dng in gi
nh trong giai on qu sau khi n hnh thnh.
Ghi ch - nh ngha gi thit rng dng in c thit lp bi mt
thit b ng ct l tng, ngha l mt thit b c tng tr
ga cc u cc ca mi cc chuyn mt cch tc thi v
ng thi t v cc n zero. Gi tr nh c th khc nhau
t cc ny sang cc khc tu thuc vo thi im hnh thnh
dng din so vi sng in p gi cc u ccj ca mi cc.

3.105.3. Gi tr nh cc i ca dng in gi nh (ca mt

mch in xoay chiu) (441-17-04)
3.105.4. Gi tr nh ca dng in ng (ca mt dao cch ly
ni t)
l gi tr nh ca na chu k ln u tin ca dng in trong
mt cc ca dao cch ly ni t trong giai on qu sau khi
dng in hnh thnh ca mt thao tc ng.
Ghi ch - 1) Gi tr nh c th thay i t cc n sang cc kia, t
mt thao tc ny sang mt thao tc khc v n ph thuc vo
thi im hnh thnh dng in so vi sng in p c t
vo.
2) Khi ch c mt gi tr nh ca dng in ng oc
nu ln cho mt mch nhiu pha, th phi hiu l gi tr ln
nht trong bt k pha no, tr khi c quy nh ngc li.

3.105.5. Gi tr nh ca dng in
l gi tr nh ca mc chu k khi u tin ca dng in trong
giai on qu tip theo sau khi dng in hnh thnh.
3.105.6. Dng in lm vic lin tc (ca mt dao cch ly)
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14

l dng in m mch chnh ca dao cch ly c th chu c

trong cc iu kin quy nh v s dng v vn hnh.
3.105.7. Dng in cho php ngn hn (441-17-17)
3.105.6. Gi tr nh ca dng in cho php (441-17-18)
3.105.9. Gi tr nh mc (151-04-03)
3.105.10. Mc cch in (151-04-14)
3.105.11. in p chu ng tn s cng nghip trong 1 pht
l gi tr hiu dng ca in p xoay chiu hnh sin tn s
cng nghip m cch in ca dao cachs ly hoc dao cch ly
ni tphi chu trong cc th nghim quy nh.
3.105.12. in p chu ng sng xung
l gi tr nh ca din p xung tiu chun m cch in ca
dao cch ly hoc ca dao cch ly ni tphi chu trong cc
iu kin th nghim quy inhj.
Ghi ch - Tu theo dng sng, thut ng ny c th p dng cho mt
in p chu ng xung thao tc, hoc cho mt in p
chu ng xung st.

3.105.13. Cch in ngoi

l cc khong cch trong khng kh kh quyn v trn cc mt
tip xc vi kh quen ca cc cch in rn c t di cc
cng bc in mi v di cc nh hng ca cc iu kin kh
quyn hoc ca cc tc nhn bn ngoi khc nh l nhim,
m, su b,.v.v...
3.105.14. Cch in bn trong
l cc phn t bn trong, rn. lng hoc kh ca cch in ca
mt thit b c che chn khi nh hng ca cc iu kin
kh quyn, hay ca cc tc nhn bn ngoi khc nh l nhim,
m, su b,.v.v...
3.105.15. Cch in t phc hi
l cch in phc hi c ton b cc tnh cht cch in ca
mnh sau mt phng in ph hng hng qu trnh th
nghim in mi; mt loi cch in nh vy thng thng (nhng khng nht thit) phi l mt cch din ngoi.
3.105.16. Cch in khng t phc hi
l cch in mt i, hoc khng phc hi li ton b cc
tnh cht cch in ca mnh sau mt phng in ph hu
trong qu trnh th nghim in mi; mt cch in nh vy
thng thng (nhng khng nht thit) phi l mt cch din
trong.
3.105.17. Phng in ph hu
l cc hin tng gn lin vi h hng cch indo tc ng ca
mt cng bc in, v trong s phng in ni tt hon
ton vt cch in dc th nghim, lm gim in p gia cc
in cc n mt gi tr bng khng hoc gn bng khng.
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15

Ghi ch - 1. Thut ng ny p dng cho phng in trong cc in

mi rn, lng hoc kh, hoc l t hp ca chng.

2. Phng in ph hng trong mt in mi rn lm

mt hon ton bn in mi (cch in khng t
phc hi). Trong cc in mi lng hoc kh s mt
mt ch c tnh nht thi (cch in t phc hi).
3.105.18. Khong cch cch in (441-17-31)
3.105.19. Khong cch cch in gia cc cc (441-17-32)
3.105.20. Khong cch cch in vi t (441-17-33)
17-34)

3.105.21. Khong cch cch in gia cc tip im m (441S dng nh ngha 441-17-34 ca IEV vi ghi ch b sung sau
y:
Ghi ch - Khi xc nh khong cch cch in ton b, cn lu n
tng ca cc khong cch.

3.105.22. Khong cch cch ly (441-17-35)

3.105.23. Ti c kh trn cc u cc
l ti c kh bn ngoi trn mi u cc tng ng vi cc lc
c kh t hp m mt dao cch ly hoc mt dao cch ly ni
t c th c t vo khng k cc lc do gi tc ng vo
thit b.
Ghi ch - 1) Mt dao cch ly hay mt dao cch ly ni t c th chu
nhiu lc c kh khc nhau v gi tr, v chiu hay v
im t.
2) Cc lc c kh trn cc u cc khng bao gm cc lc
in t do ngn mch gy nn.

4. Cc c tnh nh mc
S dng iu 4 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc b sung sau y vo
danh mc cc c tnh.
k) dng ng ngn mch nh mc (ch cho cc dao cch ly ni
t)
l) min tip xc nh mc
m) ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc
n) cc gi tr nh mc ca lc cc i cn cho thao tc bng tay
(ang nghin cu)
4.1. in p nh mc
S dng mc 4.1 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.2. Mc cch in nh mc
S dng mc 4.2 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc b sung sau y:
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16

Vi cc din p ch n 72,5kV, thc t thng dng M v

Canaa cho bng I.
Cc dao cch ly c in p nh mc 300kV c chia thnh hai loi
cn c theoin p chu ng nh mc ca chng vi cc xung
thao tc gia cc u cc ca dao cch ly ang m.
Vi cc dao cch ly loi A p dng cc gi tr nh mc nu trong ct
5; cn vi cc dao cch ly loi B, p dng cc gi tr nu trong ct 6
ca bng IV ca n phm 694 IEC.

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17

Bng I
Xri II (da trn tn s thng dng M v Canaa, ch cho
tn s 60Hz)

in p
nh
mc (kV)
Gi tr
hiu
dng

in p chu ng nh mc
khi c xung st
(kV) (gi tr nh)

in p chu ng nh mc tn s
cng nghip
(kV) (gi tr hiu dng)

vi t v
gia cc cc

trn khong
cch cch ly

vi t v gia cc
cc

trn khong cch

cch ly

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(1)

Tron
g

4,7
6
8,2
5
15
15,5
25,8
38
48,3
72,5

Ngoi

Tron
g

Ngoi

Trong

Ngo
i

Trong

Ngoi

1min
kh

1min
kh

10s
di
ma*

1min
kh

1min
kh

10s
di
ma*

60
75
95
110
125
150
-

95
110
150
200
250
350

70
80
105
125
140
165
-

105
125
165
220
275
385

19
26
36
50
60
80
-

35
50
70
95
120
175

30
45
60
80
100
145

21
29
40
55
66
88
-

39
55
77
105
132
195

33
50
66
88
110
160

(*) Cc quy nh th nghim cho trong n phm 60-1 IEC: "Cc k

thut th nghim in p cao. Phn 1: nh ngha v quy nh
chung v cc th nghim'.
4.3. Tn s nh mc
p dng mc 4.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.4. Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng v mc gia tng
nhit
p dng mc 4.4 ca n phm 694 IEC cho ring cc dao cch ly.
4.5. Dng cho php ngn hn nh mc
p dng mc 4.5 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu b sung sau:
Nu mt dao cch ly ni t c t hp vi mt dao cch ly thnh
mt phn t duy nht, th dng cho php ngn hn nh mc ca
dao cch ly ni t t nht bng dng ca dao cch ly, tr khi c
quy nh tri li.
4.6. Gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc
p dng mc 4.6 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu b sung sau:
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129

IEC 1984

18

Nu dao cch ly ni t kt hp vi dao cch ly thnh mt phn t

duy nht, th gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc ca dao
cch ly ni t t nht phi bng gi tr ca dao cch ly tr khi
c quy nh tri li.

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129

IEC 1984

19

4.7. Thi gian ngn mch nh mc

p dng mc 4.7 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.8. in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho thit bi ng
v m v cc mch ph
p dng mc 4.8 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.9. Tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b
ng v m v cc mch ph
p dng mc 4.9 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.10. p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn thao
tc
p dng mc 4.10 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.101. Dng ng ngn mch nh mc
Cc dao cch ly ni t c n nh mt dng ngoi mch nh
mc phi c kh nng ng mi in p t vo nh hn hoc
bng in p ng vi in p nh mc mi dng in nh hn
hoc bng dng ng ngn mch nh mc ca chng.
Nu mt dao cch ly ni t c dng ng ngn mch nh mc
th dng phi bng gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc.
4.102. Min tip xc nh mc
Cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni dt c gi ring phi c kh nng
thao tc trong cc gii hn min tip xc nh mc ca chng.
Nh ch to phi ch r gi tr ca cc phn lc c kh cc i v
cc tiu, cng nh phng php c nh tip im c nh phi c
quy nh khi cc lc trn c nh hng n cc iu kin vn hnh
tt ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t.
Cc v d v min tip xc nh mc ca dao cch ly hay dao cch
ly ni t c cc tip im c nh c bng cc dy dn
mm c nu trong cc hnh 1 v 2 cc trang 74 v 75 v bng
IIA.

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129

IEC 1984

20

Bng IIA
Cc v d v min tip xc nh mc cho cc tip im c
nh c
bng dy dn mm
in p nh
mc

(kV)

72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
550
765

L
(m)

S
(m)

U
(m)

0,30
0,30
0,35
0,35
0,40
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,60
0,60
0,70

0,20
0,20
0,20
0,20
0,20
0,25
0,25
0,30
0,30
0,40
0,40
0,50

0,20
0,20
0,25
0,25
0,30
0,30
0,35
0,35
0,40
0,50
0,50
0,60

L - dch chuyn ngang

S - dch chuyn thng ng
U - ln tng ca chuyn ng dc so vi dy dn

Cc v d v min tip xc nh mc ca cc dao cch ly v ca dao

cch ly ni t c cc tip im c nh c bng dy dn cng
cho trong bng IIB v trong hnh 3 trang 76.
Bng IIB
Cc v d v min tip xc nh mc cho cc tip im c
nh c
bng dy dn cng
in p nh
mc

(kV)

72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420

271756550.doc

L
(m)

S
(m)

U
(m)

0,10
0,10
0,10
0,10
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,15

0,10
0,10
0,10
0,10
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,15

0,10
0,10
0,10
0,10
0,20
0,20
0,20
0,20
0,20

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IEC 1984
525
550
765

21

0,20
0,20
0,25

0,20
0,20
0,25

0,25
0,25
0,30

L - dch chuyn ngang

S - dch chuyn thng ng
U - ln tng ca chuyn ng dc so vi dy dn

4.103. Ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc
4.103 Ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc
Cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t phi c kh nng ng v m
khi c t di cc ti c kh nh mc cng vi cc lc do gi tc
dng vo thit b.
Ghi ch - p lc gi tc ng ln cc thit b t ngoi tri v bn cht l
thay i; cc lc ny li tng thm khi c bng, tuyt. Cc phng
php kim tra xem p lc gi s khng gy nguy him cho
thit b ang c nghin cu.

Khng cn thit phi quy nh cc lc c kh nh mc trn cc

u cc ca dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t khng thuc loi phi
chu cc ti c kh ln trn cc u cc.
Mt s v d vi ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc (khng k
cc lc do gi tc ng vo thit b) cho bng III v c dng lm
hng dn.
Bng III
Cc v d v ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc

in p
nh mc

Dng
nh mc
khi vn
hnh bnh
thng

Dao cch ly c hai v ba

ct
Lc dc
Fa1 v Fa2

Lc ngang
Fb1 v Fb2

Trong hnh 8 trang 81

(kV)

(A)

72,5
100-123145

800-1250
1250
800-1250
2000
2000
4000

245

(N)

400
500
800
1000
1600
2000

(N)

130
170
270
330
530
660

420

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Dao cch ly c cc phn

t tnh ring
Lc dc
Fa1 v Fa2

Lc ngang
Fb1 v Fb2

Trong hnh 9 trang 82

(N)

800
800
1250
1600
2000
4000

(N)

200
200
400
500
800
1600

129

IEC 1984

22

4.104. Gi tr nh mc ca lc cc i cn cho thao tc bng

tay
ang nghin cu
4.105. Hnh vi khi mang gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh
mc v mang dng cho php ngn hn nh mc
a) Gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc v dng in cho
php ngn hn nh mc i qua dao cch ly v tr ng
trong thi gian ngn mch nh mc khng c gy ra:
- h hng c kh nng cho phn no ca dao cch ly
- tch cc tip im
- gia tng nhit b sung vo nhit cc i nhn c khi
dng in nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng i qua, c th
gy h hng cch in.
Khi c cc dng i qua, dao cch in phi c kh nng
chu c dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng m khng
lm cho mc gia tng nhit vt qu cc gi tr quy nh
bng V, mc 4.4.2 ca n phm 694 IEC v phi c kh nng
vn hnh trong cc iu kin quy nh cc mc 4.8 n
4.10.
b) Gi tr nh ca dng in cho php nh mc v dng
in cho php ngn hn nh mc i qua dao cch ly ni t
v tr ng trong thi gian ngn mch nh mc khng c
gy ra:
- h hng c kh ln cho mt phn no ca dao cch ly ni
t
- lm tch cc tip im hoc lm cc tip im hn dnh vi
nhau
- mc gia tng nhit c th lm hng cch in
Ghi ch - Vic cc tip im b hn dnh nh vi nhau l cho php
vi iu kin l dao cch ly ni t vn c th thao tc
trong cc iu kin cho mc 6.5.4 ca n phm 694 IEC.

4.106. Hnh vi ca cc dao cch ly ni t khi ng cc dng

ngn mch
Khi c ng vo ngn mch, cc dao cch ly ni t c dng ng
ngn mch nh mc phi p ng c cc iu kin sau y:
a) Trong qu trnh thao tc, dao cch ly ni t khng c c cc
du hiu mt mi thi qu, v cng khng gy nguy him cho
ngi thao tc.
V cc dao cch ly ni t c cht lng th khng c c ngn
la thot ra, cc cht kh pht sinh v cht lng do kh ko theo
phi c kh nng thot ra sao cho khng gy nn phng in.
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129

IEC 1984

23

Vi cc dao cch ly loi khc, khng th c ngn la hoc phn

t kim loi thot ra no c th lm gim mc cch in ca dao
cch ly ni t c vng ra xa cc gii hn do nh ch to quy
nh.
b) Sau khi tin hnh cc thao tc tng ng vi cc thao tc c
quy nh mc 6.101, cc phn c kh v cc cch in ca
dao cch ly ni t thc cht phi trng thi trc . Kh nng
ngn mch ca thit b suy gim ng k.
c) R rng l sau khi thc hin cc thao tc tng ng vi cc
thao tc c quy nh mc 6.101,c th xem l cn thit trc
khi cho thit b vn hnh tr li, thit b cn c kim tra v
nu cn, a n tr v trng thi ban u do nh ch to quy
nh, chng hn cc vic sau y l cn lm:
- sa cha hoc thay th cc tip im chu h quang hoc
cc phn t quy nh lp ln c
- lc hay thay du hoc cht lu cch in khc ca cc dao
cch ly ni t v b sung lng cht lu cn thit khi phc
li mc bnh thng.
- lau chi cc phn cch in lm mt ht cc cht cn do
s phn tch cht lu cch in gy nn.
Ghi ch - Cc tip im b hn dnh nh vi nhau l cho php min
l dao cch ly ni t vn c th thao tc c trong cc
iu kin nn mc 6.5.4 ca n phm 694 IEC vi p lc v
in p ngun cung cp bng 100% gi tr nh mc ca
chng.

4.107. Phi hp cc in p nh mc, cc dng nh mc khi

vn hnh bnh thng, cc dng cho php ngn hn nh
mc v cc gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc
Vic phi hp cc c tnh ni trn cho trong cc bng IV,VA,VB v
VI.

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129

IEC 1984

24

Bng IV
Phi hp cc c tnh nh mc i vi cc in p nh mc
ca xri I: t 3,6kV n 72,5kV
Dng
cho
php
ngn
hn
nh
mc

Gi tr
nh
ca
dng
cho
php
nh
mc

(kA)

(kA)

3,6

10
16
25
40

25
40
63
100

400
-

630
-

1250
1250
1250

1600
1600

2500
2500

4000

7,2

8
12,5
16
25
40

20
32
40
63
100

400
400
-

630
630
630
-

1250
1250
1250
1250

1600
1600
1600

2500
2500

4000

12

8
12,5
16
25
40
50

20
32
40
63
100
125

400
400
-

630
630
630
-

1250
1250
1250
1250
1250

1600
1600
1600
1600

2500
2500
2500

4000
4000

17,5

8
12,5
16
25
40

20
32
40
63
100

400
-

630
630
630
-

1250
1250
1250
1250
1250

1600

2500

24

8
12,5
16
25
40

20
32
40
63
100

400
-

630
630
630
-

1250
1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600

2500
2500

4000

36

8
12,5
16
25
40

20
32
40
63
100

630
630
630
-

1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600

2500
2500

4000

52

8
12,5
20

20
32
50

800
-

1250
1250

1600

2000

32
40
50
80

800
800
-

1250
1250
1250
1250

1600
1600

2000
2000

in p
nh
mc

(kV)

72,5

12,5
16
20
31,5

271756550.doc

Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng

Gi tr hiu dng

(A)

24 / 45

129
Ghi ch

IEC 1984

25

- Bng phi hp l bng hng dn ch nu ln gi tr thch dng v khng phi l bt

buc. Do mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t c t hp khc v cc gi tr
nh mc khng phi nm ngoi bng quy nh ny.
Vic gim s lng t hp cc gi tr nh mc thch dng cho trong bng ang c nghin cu.

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129

IEC 1984

26

Cc gi tr cho trong bng VA nu ln thc t thng dng hin nay

M v Canaa ( tham kho)
Bng VA (ang nghin cu)
Phi hp cc c tnh nh mc thuc xri II: t 8,25kV dn
72,5kV
(Dao cch ly t ngoi tri)
in p
nh
mc

(kV)

Dng
cho
php
ngn
hn
nh
mc
(Gi tr
hiu
dng)

(kA)*
8,25

12,5
25
38,1
43,8
62,5
75

Gi tr
nh
ca
dng
cho
php
nh
mc

Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng

Gi tr hiu dng

(A)

(kA)*
33,8
67,5
102,9
118,3
168,8
202,5

400
-

630
-

1250
-

2000
2000
-

315
0

4000

15,5

12,5
25
38,1
43,8
62,5
75

33,8
67,5
102,9
118,3
168,8
202,5

400
-

630
-

1250
-

2000
2000
-

315
0

4000

25,8

12,5
25
38,1
43,8
62,5
75

33,8
67,5
102,9
118,3
168,8
202,5

400
-

630
-

1250
-

2000
2000
-

315
0

4000

38,0

12,5
25
38,1
43,8
62,5
75

33,8
67,5
102,9
118,3
168,8
202,5

400
-

630
-

1250
-

2000
2000
-

315
0

4000

48,3

25
38,1
62,5
75

67,5
102,9
168,8
202,5

630
-

1250
1250
-

2000
-

315
0

72,5

25
38,1
43,8
62,5
75

67,5
102,9
118,3
168,8

630
-

1250
1250
-

1600
-

2000
-

315

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129

IEC 1984

27

202,5

(*) Cc gi tr thch hp hn vi cc n phm ca IEC ang c nghin

cu.
Ghi ch - Bng phi hp l mt bn hng dn ch nu ln cc gi tr thch dng ch
khng bt buc. Do , mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t c mt t
hp khc v cc gi tr nh mc khng phi l nm ngoi phm vi quy
nh ny.

Cc gi tr cho trong bng VB nu ln thc t thng dng hin nay

M v Canaa ( tham kho)
Bng VB (ang nghin cu)
Phi hp cc c tnh nh mc i vi cc in p nh mc
thuc xri II: t 4,76kV dn 38kV
(Dao cch ly t ngoi tri)
in p
nh
mc

(kV)

Dng
cho
php
ngn
hn
nh
mc
(Gi tr
hiu
dng)

(kA)*

Gi tr
nh
ca
dng
cho
php
nh
mc

Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng

Gi tr hiu dng

(A)

(kA)*

4,76

12,5
25
38,1
50
62,5

33,8
67,5
102,9
135
168,8

20
0
-

40
0
-

63
0
-

125
0
-

200
0
-

315
0

8,25

12,5
25
38,1
50
62,5
75
100
125

33,8
67,5
102,9
135
168,8
202,5
270
337,6

20
0
-

40
0
-

63
0
-

125
0
-

200
0
-

315
0
-

400
0
-

500
0
-

630
0

15,0
v
15,5

12,5
25
38,1
50
62,5
75
100
125

33,8
67,5
102,9
135
168,8
202,5
270
337,6

20
0
-

40
0
-

63
0
-

125
0
-

200
0
-

315
0
-

400
0
-

500
0
-

630
0

25,8

12,5
25
38,1
50

33,8
67,5
102,9
135

40
0
-

63
0
-

125
0

200

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129

38,0

IEC 1984

28

62,5
75
100

168,8
202,5
270

0
-

315
0
-

400
0
-

500
0

12,5
25
38,1
50
62,5
75

33,8
67,5
102,9
135
168,8
202,5

40
0
-

63
0
-

125
0
-

200
0
-

315
0
-

400
0

(*) Cc gi tr thch hp hn vi cc n phm ca IEC ang c nghin cu.

Ghi ch - Bng phi hp l bn hng dn ch nu ln cc gi tr thch dng v khng
phi l bt buc. Do , mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t c mt t
hp khc v cc gi tr nh mc khng phi nm ngoi quy nh ny.

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129

IEC 1984

29

Bng VI
Phi hp cc c tnh nh mc i vi cc in p nh mc
t 100kV dn 765kV
in p
nh
mc

(kV)

Dng
cho
php
ngn
hn
nh
mc
(Gi tr
hiu
dng)

(kA)*

Gi tr
nh
ca
dng
cho
php
nh
mc

Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng

Gi tr hiu dng

(A)

(kA)*

123

12,5
20
25
40

32
50
63
100

800
-

1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600

2000
2000
2000

145

12,5
20
25
31,5
40
50

32
50
63
80
100
125

800
-

1250
1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600
1600
-

2000
2000
2000
2000
2000

3150
3150
3150

170

12,5
20
31,5
40
50

32
50
80
100
125

800
-

1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600
1600

2000
2000
2000
2000

3150
3150
3150

245

20
31,5
40
50

50
80
100
125

1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600
-

2000
2000
2000
2000

3150
3150

300

16
20
31,5
50

40
50
80
125

1250
1250
1250
-

1600
1600
1600
1600

2000
2000
2000

3150
3150

362

20
31,5
40

50
63
100

1600

2000
2000
2000

3150

420

20
31,5
40
50

50
63
100
125

1600
1600
1600
-

2000
2000
2000
2000

3150
3150

4000

525

40

100

2000

3150

765

40

100

2000

3150

Ghi ch - Bng phi hp ny l mt bn hng dn ch nu ln cc gi tr thch

dng ch khng bt buc. Do , mt dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly

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129

IEC 1984

30

ni t c mt t hp khc v cc gi tr nh mc khng phi nm

ngoi bng ny.

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129

IEC 1984

31

5. Thit k v ch to
5.1. Quy nh i vi cc cht lu c dng trong cc dao cch ly
v dao cch ly ni t
p dng mc 5.1 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.2. Quy nh i vi cc cht kh c dng trong cc dao cch
ly v dao cch ly ni t
p dng mc 5.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.3. Ni t cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t
p dng mc 5.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.4. Thit b ph
p dng mc 5.4 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.5. ng ph thuc vo ngun nng lng bn ngoi
Mc 5.5 ca n phm 694 IEC ch p dng cho cc dao cch ly ni
t c kh nng ng ngn mch.
5.6 ng bng nng lng tch lu
Mc 5.6 ca IEC 694 ch p dng cho cu dao ni t c kh nng
ng ngn mch
5.7. Tc ng ca cc b phn ly hp
Khng p dng mc 5.7 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.8. Kho lin ng c p lc thp v cao
Khng p dng mc 5.8 ca n phm 694 IEC.
5.9. Bin thng s
p dng mc 5.9 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung sau
y:
- Cc bin thng s ca cc dao cch ly, cc dao cch ly ni t l
ca cc c cu thao tc phi mang cc ch dn ph hp vi bng VII.
- Bin thng s phi d thy t cc v tr lm vic v lp rp bnh
thng.

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33

Bng VII
Cc thng tin ca bin thng s
Cch
vit tt

n v
o

Dao
cch ly

Dao
cch ly
ni t

Thit b
thao tc

Nh ch to

Cch ch loi

()

()

S xri
in p nh mc

kV

in p chu ng nh mc v xung
st

Uw

kV

()*

()*

in p chu ng nh mc v xung
thao tc v cp (A hoc B) ca thit b,
cho in p nh mc 300kV

Us

kV

Dng nh mc khi vn hnh bnh thng

In

Dng in cho php ngn hn nh

mc

Ith

kA

Thi gian ngn mch nh mc

()**

()**

p lc nh mc ca kh nn

MPa

()

in p nh mc cc mch ph

Ua

Ti c kh nh mc trn cc ud cc

()

()

Khi lng (k c cht lu) nu ln hn

300kg

kg

()

()

()
*
**

()
()

()

Vic ghi gi tr ny l bt buc

Vic ghi gi tr ny l tu thch
Bt buc i vi U > 72,5kV
Ch bt buc khi t 1s
Ghi ch - Vic ghi t "nh mc" ln bin thng s l v ch

5.101. Quy nh c bit cho cc dao cch ly ni t

Cc dy ng mm ni trc quay vi b my phi c tit din nh
nht l 50mm2.
Ghi ch - Gi tr nh nht ca tit din dy ni bng ng c nu, l m
bo d bn c kh v m bo chng n mn.

5.102. Quy nh v khong cch cch ly ca cc dao cch ly

V l do an ton, cc dao cch ly phi c thit k lm sao cho khng
c mt dng in r nguy him no c th qua cc u cc ca mt pha
n bt k u cc no ca pha kia ca dao cch ly.

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34

Quy nh v an ton ny c tho mn khi bt k dng in r no i

xung t bng mt dy ni t chc chn, hoc khi cch in lin
quan c bo v chng nhim tt khi lm vic.
Ghi ch - 1. Vi cc dao cch ly cha cht in mi khc vi khng kh kh
quyn th cc iu kin in mi cn quy nh cho khong
cch cch ly c th l i tng tho thun gia nh ch to v
bn s dng.
2. Cc th nghim dng kim tra tnh hiu qu ca bo v
chng nhim v hiu nng ca vt liu cch in khi c dng
in r hin ang c nghin cu.

5.103. bn c kh
Khi c lp t theo cc quy trnh ca nh ch to, cc dao cch ly
v dao cch ly ni t phi c kh nng chu ng trn cc u cc
ca mnh tng cc lc (k c cc ti trng gi v lc in ng
trn cc dy dn c ni vi cc u cc) c lin quan n vic s
dng v n cc c tnh nh mc ca chng m khng lm
gim tin cy trong vn hnh v kh nng mang dng in.
5.104. V tr ca h thng tip im ng v cc thit b
ch th v bo v ca chng
5.104.1. Kho v tr
Cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t, k c c cu iu
khin ca chng phi c ch to sao cho chng khng th ri
v tr m hoc ng ca mnh bng trng lc, do p lc gi,
do dao ng, cc xung hp l ln, hoc do lc bt ng trn cc
dy ni ca thit b iu khin.
Cc dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c thao tc bng tay
phi c ch to sao cho c th kho chng li trong v tr m
cng nh trong v tr ng v ch trong hai v tr m thi.
Ghi ch - 1. iu ny cng p dng cho cc thit b diu khin bng
tay d phng ca cc dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t
c iu khin t ng hoc iu khin khong cch.
2. Cc quy nh ny khng bt buc trong trng hp cc dao
cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t iu khin bng so.
Cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t c iu khin t
ng hoc iu khin c khong cch c th c ch to
sao cho c th kho chng c trong v tr m cng nh
trong v tr ng.

5.104.2. Ch v tr
Phi c th kim tra c v tr ca dao cch ly v ca dao cch
ly ni t. Quy nh ny c tho mn khi p ng c mt
trong cc iu kin sau y.
- Khong cch cch ly hoc khong cch cch in gia cc
tip im m l thy c.
- V tr ca mi tip im ng n bo khong cch cch ly
hoc khong cch cch in gia cc tip im c mt
thit b ch v tr tin cy thc hin.
Ghi ch - 1. Cc tip im ng nhn thy c c th dng lm thit
b ch v tr.

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35

2. Khi tt c cc cc ca mt dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni

t c lp sao cho chng c thao tc nh mt phn t
duy nht, th c php dng mt thit b ch v tr
chung.
3. Vi cc thit b c mi trng cch in khng phi l
khng kh p sut kh quyn, cc quy nh ring s l
i tng nghin cu.

5.104.3. Tip im ph bo hiu

a) Vic bo hiu v tr ng khng c xy ra trc khi
khng nh c cc tip im ng t ti mt v
tr lm cho dng in nh mc khi vn hnh bnh
thng, dng in nh cho php v dng din ngn
hn cho php c th c mang mt cch an ton.
b) Vic bo hiu v tr m khng c xy ra trc cc tip
im ng t ti mt v tr lm cho khong cch
gia cc tip im t nht phi l 80% khong cch
cch ly hoc ca khong cch cch in gia cc tip
im m, hoc t nht bit chc chn l cc tip
im ng s t v tr m y ca chng.
c) Mt thit b bo hiu chung cho tt c cc cc ca
mt dao cch ly hoc ca mt dao cch ly ni t phi c b tr sao
cho tn hiu ch pht ra trong trng hp m tt c cc cc ca dao
cch ly hoc ca dao cch ly ni t c mt v tr ph hp vi a) hoc
b).
Ghi ch - 1. Khi tt c cc cc ca mt dao cch ly hoc mt
dao cch ly ni t c lp lm sao c th thao tc nh mt
phn t duy nht, th c php dng thit b bo hiu v tr
chung.
2. Theo t hng c bit, vic bo hiu v tr m ca mt
dao cch ly khng c xy ra trc khi cc tip im ng t c mt v tr m n nh nh c nh ngha dng u ca
mc 5.104.1.

6. Th nghim mu
p dng iu 6 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc b sung sau y vo
danh mc cc th nghim mu:
- Th nghim kim tra kh nng ng ngn mch ca dao cch ly
ni t (mc 6.101).
- Th nghim kim tra xem thao tc v bn c kh c tho
mn khng (mc 6.102).
- Th nghim kim tra xem thao tc trong cc iu kin nghim
ngt v hnh thnh bng c tho mn khng (mc 6.103).
- Th nghim kim tra xem thao tc cc nhit cc tiu v
cc i ca khng kh mi trng c tho mn khng (mc 6.104).

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36

Cc th nghim c tin hnh trn mt loi dao cch ly c th c dng

chng t s vn hnh tt ca mt loi dao cch ly khc c dng
nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc hoc c in p nh mc khc, nhng cng c cc phn t tng t.
6.1. Th nghim in mi
6.1.1. iu kin v khng kh mi trng trong qu trnh th
nghim
p dng mc 6.1.1 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.1.2. Quy trnh th nghim t
p dng mc 6.1.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.1.3. Trng thi ca cc dao cch ly ni t trong qu trnh th
nghim in mi
p dng mc 6.1.3 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu b sung sau
y:
Cc th nghim in mi trn cc dao cch ly v cc dao cch ly
ni t trong v tr m ca chng c tin hnh vi khong cch
cch ly ti thiu i vi cc dao cch ly thch nghi vi kho lin
ng c quy nh mc 5.104.
6.1.4. t in p th nghim vo v cc iu kin th nghim
p dng mc 6.1.4 ca n phm 694 IEC cho cc dao cch ly vi cc
dao cch ly ni t khi v tr m, in p th nghim c t
vo gia cc u cc c cch in v gia mi cc c cch
in vi b my c ni t.

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37

6.1.5. in p th nghim
p dng mc 6.1.5 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.1.6. Th nghim in p xung st v xung thao tc.
p dng mc 6.1.6 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung sau y.
6.1.6.1. Th nghim in p xung st
Khi dao cch ly v tr ng hoc dao cch ly ni t ang v tr
m, t mt in p th nghim bng in p chu ng nh mc
so vi t cho mi iu kin th nghim ca mc 6.1.4.
Khi dao cch ly ang v tr m v trong trng hp cc dao cch ly c
in p nh mc nh hn 300kV, tin hnh hai xri th nghim.
- Xri th nghim u vi mt in p th nghim bng in p chu
ng nh mc so vi t cho mi iu kin th nghim ca bng VIII
ca n phm 694 IEC.
- Xri th nghim th hai vi mt in p th nghim bng in p chu
ng nh mc trn khong cch cch ly cho mi iu kin th
nghim ca bng VIII ca n phm 694 IEC. u cc i din phi c
ni t. Cc u cc ca cc cc khc v b my phi c cch in
sao cho trnh c cc phng in ph hu xung t.
Khi dao cch ly ang v tr m v trong trng hp cc dao cch ly c
in p nh mc bng hoc ln hn 300kV, vi mi iu kin th
nghim ca bng X ca n phm 694 IEC, ta t vo mt u cc mt
in p th nghim bng in p chu ng nh mc khi c xung
st v vo u cc i din mt in p tn s cng nghip bng
0,7U/ 3 (gi tr hiu dng).
Ghi ch - Vi s tho thun ca nh ch to, c th trnh dng mt
ngun in p tn s cng nghip cho cc th nghim
dao cch ly c in p nh mc cao hn 300kV v tr
m. Trong trng hp ny phi tin hnh hai xri th nghim
sau y:
- Xri th nghim u gm vic t vo mi u cc 15 xung k tip
nhau c in p bng tng in p chu ng nh mc khi c xung
st Uw v gi tr nh ca in p 0,7U 2 / 3 . u cc i din phi
c ni t, cn cc u cc khc, b my v u cc cn t in
p vo phi c cch in sao cho ngn nga c cc phng in ph
hu xung t.
Dao cch ly c xem l tho mn xri th nghim u ny nu nh s ln
phng in ph hu trn khong cch cch ly hoc gia cc u cc
trn mt cch in t phc hi khng qu hai v nu khng xy ra phng
in ph hu trn khong cch cch ly, cng nh trn mt cch in
khng t phc hi.
- Xri th nghim th hai gm vic t vo mi u cc 15 xung k tip
nhau in p chu ng nh mc U w. Cc u cc khc v b my
phi c ni t. Dao cch ly c xem l tho mn xri th nghim th
hai ny nu s ln phng in ph hu xung t hoc gia cc cc
trn mt cch in t phc hi khng qu hai v nu khng xy ra phng
in ph hu trn khong cch cch ly, cng nh trn mt cch in
khng t phc hi.
Vi cc in p nh mc cao hn 420kV, quy trnh th nghim ny c
th khng thch hp. Vi cc in p , cc phng php th nghim
khc ang c nghin cu.

6.1.6.2. Th nghim in p xung thao tc

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38

Vi cc in p nh mc bng hoc cao hn 300kV, dao cch ly

c hai cp, cp A v B, vic la chn ph thuc vo cc iu kin vn hnh
d kin trc cho dao cch ly v dn n cc quy trnh th nghim khc i
vi vic t in p xung thao tc vo.
Khi dao cch ly ang v tr ng hoc dao cch ly ni t v
tr m, t mt in p th nghim bng in p chu ng nh mc
so vi t cho mi iu kin th nghim ca mc 6.1.4.

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39

Khi dao cch ly v tr m, tin hnh hai xri th nghim

- Xri th nghim u in p bng in p chu ng so vi
t cho mi iu kin th nghim ca bng VIII ca n phm 694
IEC,
- Xri th nghim th hai vi quy trnh th nghim ph thuc vo
vic l thit b thuc loi A hoc loi B.
a) Loi A
Xri th nghim th hai c tin hnh vi in p th nghim
bng in p nh mc chu ng xung thao tc gia cc u cc (xem n
phm 694 IEC, bng IV, ct 5) i vi mi iu kin th nghim ca bng
VIII ca n phm 694 IEC, v trong trng hp ny, in p t vo c th
cao hn in p chu ng nh mc so vi t, nn cho php cch in
cc u cc ca cc cc khc v b my trnh cc phng in ph hu
xung t.
Ghi ch - Vi cc in p nh mc cao hn 420kV, quy trnh th
nghim ny c th l khng thch hp. i vi cc in p
, ang nghin cu cc phng php th nghim khc.

b) Loi B
Trong xri th nghim th hai, i vi mi iu kin th nghim
ca bng X ca n phm 694 IEC, ngi ta t vo mt u cc in p
nh mc chu xung thao tc gia cc u cc (xem n phm 694 IEC, bng
IV, ct 6) v t vo u cc i din in p tn s cng nghip U/ 3
(gi tr hiu dng).
Ghi ch - i vi cc thit b thuc loi B, c s tho thun ca nh
ch to, xri th nghim th hai trn dao cch ly v tr m c th
c tin hnh m trnh dng mt ngun in p tn s cng
nghip. Trong trng hp ny, xri th nghim th hai gm vic t
ln lt vo mi u cc 15 xung lin tip mt in p bng tng
in p nh mc chu xung thao tc v gi tr nh ca in p
U 2 / 3 ct 6, bng IV ca n phm 694 IEC. u cc i din c ni t. Cc u cc khc v u cc m ngi ta t in p
vo cng nh b my phi c cch in sao cho trnh c phng
in ph hu xung t.
i vi cc in p nh mc cao hn 420V, quy trnh th nghim
ny c th khng thch hp. i vi cc in p ny, ngi ta ang
nghin cu cc phng php th nghim khc.
Ngi ta nhn mnh l th nghim ny khng phi l bt buc, nhng
l mt phng n b tr ca nh ch to v khng c nh a ra
mt loi dao cch ly th ba.

6.1.7. Th nghim chu ng in p tn s cng nghip

p dng mc 6.1.7 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung nh sau:
Vi cc dao cch ly c in p nh mc di 300kV, cc th nghim vi
dao cch ly v tr m, c tin hnh bng cch dng hai ngun in p
khc nhau ngc pha nhau t c gia u vo v u ra in p chu
ng nh mc gia cc u cc nh c quy nh cc mc 4.2.1 v
4.2.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
Khng mt gi tr no trong hai gi tr in p t vo hai u cc
c ln hn 2/3 ca din p chu ng nh mc so vi t.
Ghi ch - Vi s tho thun ca nh ch to, th nghim dao cch ly v
tr m c th c tin hnh bng cch ch dng mt ngun
in p. Trong trng hp ny, phi ln lt t in p th
nghim vo mi mt u cc, u cc i din phi c ni
t. Cc u cc khc, b my, v u cc m ngi ta t

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40

in p vo phi c cch in lm sao cho trnh c phng

in ph hu xung t.
Th nghim ny cn nghim ngt hn th nghim bnh thng
c quy nh trc y.

Vi cc dao cch ly c in p nh mc bng v cao hn 300kV cc th

nghim vi dao cch ly v tr m u c tin hnh bng cch dng hai
ngun in p khc nhau ngc pha nhau, t c gia u vo v u
ra mt in p chu ng gia cc u cc nh c quy nh mc
4.2.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.
Khng mt gi tr no trong hai gi tr in p t vo hai u cc
c vt qu in p nh mc ca dao cch ly.

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41

6.1.8. Th nghim nhim nhn to

p dng mc 6.1.8 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.1.9. Th nghim phng in tng phn
Mc 6.1.9 ca n phm 694 IEC c thay bng li vn sau.
Vic thc hin th nghim phng in tng phn trn dao cch ly
hay dao cch ly ni t hon chnh khng yu cu. Tuy nhin, vi
cc dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t s dng cc phn t cn
p dng mt n phm tng ng ca IEC bao gm c cc php o
phng in tng phn (v d cc s xuyn, xem n phm 137
IEC: "s xuyn cch in cho in p xoay chiu ln hn 1000V")
th nh ch to phi chng minh l cc phn t p ng
c cc yu cu th nghim phng in tng phn theo yu cu
ca n phm tng ng ca IEC. V vic o cc phng in tng
phn, xem n phm 270 IEC: "o cc phng in tng phn".
6.1.10. Th nghim cc mch ph v cc mch iu khin
p dng mc 6.1.10 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.2. Th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in
p dng mc 6.2 ca n phm 694 IEC. Cc th nghim ny l i tng tho thun c bit gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
6.3. Th nghim gia tng nhit
p dng mc 6.3 ca n phm 694 IEC. Cc th nghim v gia tng
nhit ca mch ch ch p dng ring cho cc dao cch ly.
6.4. o in tr mch chnh
p dng mc 6.4 ca n phm 694 IEC. Vic o ny ch p dng
cho cc dao cch ly m thi.
6.5. Th nghim vi dng in ngn hn cho php v vi gi
tr nh ca dng in cho php
p dng mc 6.5 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu b sung sau y
6.5.1. B tr dao cch ly, dao cch ly ni t v mch th nghim
6.5.1.1. Tng qut
Cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t phi chu mt th
nghim chng minh kh nng ca chng chu ng gi
tr nh ca dng in cho php nh mc v dng in
ngn hn cho php nh mc. Th nghim c tin hnh
trn dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t trong v tr ng
mt in p thch hp no v t mt nhit thch hp
no .
Mi th nghim phi c thc hin sau mt thao tc khng
ti ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t.
i vi th nghim dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c
lp trn tr ca mnh hoc trn mt tr tng ng,
v c lp vi thit b iu khin ring ca mnh trong mc
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42

m iu l cn thit lm cho th nghim phi l

mt th nghim tiu biu.
Cc u ni n v i ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni
t phi c b tr sao cho cc kt qu th nghim c th
so snh c v c gi tr i vi cc trng hp trang thit b
ang vn hnh.
i vi vic th nghim mt dao cch ly hoc mt dao cch ly
ni t khng t hp vi dao cch ly, vic b tr phi i
din cho cc iu kin bt li nht s c dng xt v mt
cc lc in t c khuynh hng m dao cch ly hoc do cch
ly ni t ra.
Vic th nghim cc dao cch ly ni t t hp vi mt dao
cch ly c tin hnh vi cc u ni th nghim c dng
cho cc dao cch ly. Cc lc in t phi c khuynh hng m
dao cch ly ni t ra, nu khng c mt kho lin ng
gia dao cch ly ni t v dao cch ly lm cho dng in
c khuynh hng thc hin tc ng m khng c ng
qua.
Th nghim c th tin hnh theo mt pha hay ba pha. Trng
hp th nghim mt pha cn phi p dng cc quy nh sau:
Trn mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t ba cc, c mt
b my chung, cc th nghim c tin hnh trn hai cc k
nhau.
Trng hp cc cc tch ring nhau, cc th nghim c tin
hnh hoc trn hai cc k nhau c lp rp vi khong cch
gia cc trc ca cc cc yu cu l nh nht, hoc l ch
trn mt cc vi mt dy dn tr v.
Dy dn tr v phi song song vi li dao,trong trng hp dao
cch ly c hai hoc ba ct v cng mt cao so vi t,
nu mt bng ca song song vi li dao. Trc ca dy
dn tr v phi cch trc ca li dao mt khong cch bng
khong cch nh nht yu cu gia trc cc cc. Chiu di
dy dn tr v t nht phi bng khong cch gia u cc
vo dng ni vo ngun cung cp v u cc ra ca dao
cch ly.
Trng hp mt mt dao cch ly ni t khng t hp vi dao
cch ly vic u ni th nghim v dy dn tr v i vi
th nghim mt pha c b tr song song vi nhau v lm sao
cho th hin c cc iu kin s c chm t trong mt
cch b tr thng thng. u ni th nghim khng c duy
tr trn mt khong cch t nht bng khong cch gia cc
tip im ca dao cch ly ni t v tr m.
i vi mt dao cch ly c cc phn t tch ri, cn chn v tr
tip im trong min tip xc sao cho i din c cc
iu kin bt li nht.
Ghi ch - Khng cn t cc lc khc vo, nu nh cc lc u
nh so vi cc lc in ng.

6.5.1.2. Dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t c in

bng v nh hn 52kV
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43

Vic b tr th nghim cho hnh 4 trang 76 c th c s

dng lm v d cho cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni
t c gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc nh hn
hoc bng 100kA. Khong cch x gia cc u cc vo ca
dao cch ly v tr gn nht ca cc u ni th nghim
di gp 3 khong cch y gia trc ca cc cc. Cc khong
cch u v v phi nh n mc c th, nhng khng c nh
hn y v nguyn tc. Hnh 4 cng c th c s dng lm
th d cho cc th nghim mt pha. Cc dng khc ca cc
dy dn tr v dn n cc lc tng ng trn dao cch ly
cng c th c s dng.
6.5.1.3. Dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t c in p nh mc ln
hn 52kV
Vic b tr th nghim cho cc hnh 5 v 6 cc trang 77
v 78 c th dng lm th d v cc dao cch ly dng u
ni bng cc dy mm. Cc dao cch ly c mt khong cch
ngang dng d s dng vi cc dy dn cng c th c th
nghim vi cng cch b tr nh cho hnh 5, nhng vi cc
dy dn cng v x 1 =1,2y, cn x2 gi nguyn khng i. Cc
dao cch ly ng dng s dng vi cc dy dn cng c
th c th nghim vi cch b tr cho trong hnh 7 trang
80.

6.101. Th nghim kim tra kh nng ng ngn mch ca cc

dao cch ly ni t
Cc dao cch ly ni t c kh nng ng ngn mch phi chu mt
xri th nghim ng theo ng cc quy nh ca n phm 265
IEC: Dao ct in in p cao.
6.102. Th nghim vn hnh v bn c kh
6.102.1. Cc iu kin chung v th nghim
Tr khi c quy nh ngc li, cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
nhit mi trng ni th nghim.
in p ngun cung cp cho thit b iu khin phi c o cc
u cc thi im c dng in y i qua. Phi tnh c cc
thit b ph l phn cu thnh ca thit b iu khin. Tuy nhin,
khng cho php tng tng tr gia ngun in p v cc u cc
ca cc thit b o ( iu chnh in p chng hn).
6.102.2. Th nghim min tip xc
Th nghim ny c tin hnh chng minh s vn hnh chnh
xc ca cc dao cch ly c cc phn t tch ri (theo hnh 1 trang
74) i vi cc v tri khc nhau ca tip im c nh trong gii hn
min tip xc nh mc c xc nh mc 4.102.

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44

Thit b ang v tr m, tip im c nh c t cc v

tr sau y: (theo cc hnh 1 v 2 trang 75). h - l chiu cao bnh
thng ca tip im c nh trn mt lp rp.
a) mt cao bng h theo trc thng ng ca hp b.
b) mt cao bng h-S theo cng trc trn.
c) mt cao bng h v xa trc ng mt khong +L/2
d) mt cao bng h v xa trc ng mt khong -L/2
Thit b ang v tr m, tip im c nh c t
cc v tr sau y (xem hnh 2) U l ln tng v chuyn
ng ca tip im c nh:
e) mt khong cch bng +U/2
f) mt khong cch bng -U/2
Ti mi v tr, thit b phi ng v m chnh xc.
6.102.3. Th nghim bn c kh
Th nghim bn c kh gm 1000 chu trnh thao tc, trn mch
chnh khng c dng in, cng khng c in p v cng khng
cho lc c kh tc ng vo cc u cc.
Th nghim c tin hnh trn cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni
t vi thit b iu khin ring ca mnh.
Trn mt dao cch ly ni t c thit b iu khin dng ngun
nng lng ngoi.
- 900 chu trnh thao tc ng-m c tin hnh in p nh
mc ca ngun cung cp v/hoc p lc nh mc ca ngun
cung cp kh nn.
- 50 chu trnh thao tc ng-m c tin hnh in p ti thiu
quy nh ca ngun cung cp v/hoc p lc cc tiu quy nh
ca ngun cung cp kh nn.
- 50 chu trnh thao tc ng-m c tin hnh in p cc i
quy nh ca ngun cung cp v/hoc p lc cc i quy nh
ca ngun cung cp kh nn.
Cc thao tc ny u c tin hnh vi nhp lm sao cho nhit
ca cc thit b in c t di in p khng vt qu cc gi
tr nu bng V ca n phm 694 IEC. Trong qu trnh cc th
nghim , cho php tin hnh bi trn theo cc quy trnh ca
nh ch to, nhng khng c tin hnh cc iu chnh c kh.

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45

i vi cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t c iu khin bng tay,

cho th nghim c thun li, c th thay th tay n bng mt
thit b dng ngun nng lng bn ngoi. Trong trng hp ny khng cn
phi thay i in p ngun cung cp.
Trong mi chu k thao tc, phi t ti cc v tr m v ng.
Trng hp dng mt thit b iu khin bng tay ph thuc, cc gi tr
ca mmen thao tc o c sau khi th nghim khng c ln hn cc
gi tr ghi c trc lc lm th nghim qu 20%.
Trong qu trnh th nghim, tc ng chnh xc ca cc tip im
ph v tip im iu khin, cng nh tc ng ca thit b ch v
tr (nu cn) phi c kim tra.
Sau khi th nghim, tt c cc phn t k c cc tip im phi
trong trng thi tt, khng c c du hiu hao mn bt thng. Xem
thm ghi ch 5 ca bng V n phm 694 IEC.
6.102.4. Kim tra tc ng trong qu trnh t cc lc c kh nh
mc vo cc u cc
Tin hnh 25 chu k thao tc bng cch t cc lc c kh nh mc
ln cc u cc theo nh mc 4.103 ln lt theo 4 hng vung gc nhau,
k c cc p lc gi tc ng ln thit b.
Sau cc th nghim phi tin hnh cc vic kim tra sau y:
- i vi cc thit b iu khin in, cng sut tiu th ca mt
trong mt chu trnh thao tc khng tng ln r rng v
- i vi cc thit b iu khin bng tay, gi tr cc lc o c trong
mt chu k thao tc khng khc vi cc gi tr o trc cc th
nghim qu 20% trong cng cc iu kin nh nhau.
Cc v d v vic cho cc lc c kh nh mc tc ng ln cc u
cc cho cc hnh 8 v 9 trang 81 v 82.
Ghi ch - Tr khi c quy nh ngc li, i vi cc dao cch ly c
khong cch cch ly ngang, lc c kh nh mc tc
ng ln cc u cc cn c t vo theo hng Fal.

6.103. Vn hnh trong cc iu kin nghim ngt v hnh

thnh bng
6.103.1. M u
Vic hnh thnh bng c th l nguyn nhn ca cc kh khn
trong vn hnh ca cc li in. Trong mt vi iu kin kh
quyn, b dy ca cn bng c th tng ln, i lc gy kh
khn cho vn hnh ca cc thit b ng ct ngoi tri.
V bng thin nhin c th chia thnh hai loi chung.
a) Bng trong sut thng do thc ma trong khng kh nhit
gn di im ng bng ca nc l gy nn, v
b) Sng gi c c tnh mu trng, do m kh quyn ngng t li trn cc b mt lnh gy nn.
6.103.2. ng dng
Cc th nghim nu trong mc ny ch cn tin hnh nu nh
ch to bo hnh rng cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t tc
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46

ng ng trong cc iu kin hnh thnh bng mt cch

nghim trng.
Ngi ta m t mt phng php sn xut cn bng trong sut
so snh c vi cc cn bng thng gp trong thin nhin,
iu cho php ti to li cc th nghim. Ngi ta d tnh
cch la chn gia hai loi b dy bng: 10mm v 20mm.

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47

6.103.3. B tr th nghim
a) Tt c cc phn t ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t
dng th nghim cn c lp cng vi thit b iu khin
ca chng trong mt bung c th lm lnh n nhit nhit
-100C, hoc t ngoi nu mun th nghim trong
iu kin c bng gi t nhin.
Vic cho in p vo cc phn t si nng thit b iu
khin trong thi gian th nghim l cho php.
V lp rp, cc b phn m bo thao tc c th thu ngn
li thch nghi vi cch b tr th nghim c sn, min l
gc quay ca cc phn t tng ng khng thay i.
Ghi ch - Trong vic la chn cng sut lm lnh, cn tnh n lng
nhit trong nc s tn ra trn thit b c th nghim.

b) C th th nghim cc phn t n cc ca mt thit b ba

cc, nu nh mi cc c c cu iu khin ring tch ri. Trng hp mt thit b ba cc c thit b iu khin chung,
th phi th c ba cc mt lc. Tuy nhin, vi cc thit b
c in p nh mc cao hn 72,5kV, c th cn th
nghim mt phn t n cc iu khin bng thit b thao
tc chung, v trong phn ln cc phng th nghim, khng
th t cc thit b ba cc c cc in p trn. Cho th
nghim tuy nhin, trong mc c th khuyn nn thay i
b my hoc cc khong cch c th thc hin c th
nghim c ba cc.
c) tr khi c quy nh tri li ca bn s dng, th nghim vn
hnh dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t phi c ln lt
tin hnh xut pht t v tr m v v tr ng.
d) V cc lp du hoc m d l mng vn ngn c bng bm
vo v lm thay i ng k cc kt qu th nghim, nn
phi lau ht cc lp du hoc m qu nhiu cc mt ngoi.
e) d o b dy lp bng, ngi ta t mt thanh ng
hoc mt ng ng c ng knh 30mm, di 1m v tr
nm ngang ti mt v tr m n c th nhn cng lng nc
trung bnh m thit b c th nghim c th nhn c. Khi
c s khc nhau ln v nhit dung trn n v b mt ca
thanh ng dng lm th nghim v ca thit b c th
nghim, c th to nn cc lp bng rt khc nhau. K c khi
cc iu kin ti nc l nh nhau cc s khc nhau v b dy
lp bng c th gim n ti thiu bng cch ti trong cc giai
on ngn cch xa nhau bng cc giai on lm ngui di
hn.
f) Vic b tr phi cho php ti trn ton b thit b bng ma
nhn to ri theo nhiu gc t thng ng n 45 0. Nc
dng ti c lm lnh ti nhit gia 0 0 v 30C v c
a n thit b c th nghim trng thi lng.
Ghi ch - Ngi ta quan st l cn dng t 20lt n 80lt nc
trong mt gi ti cho 1m2 b mt t c tc
ng bng khong 6mm trong mt gi. S liu ny ch
dng lm hng dn m thi.

6.103.4. Thc hin th nghim

6.103.4.1. Vic to thnh bng
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IEC 1984

48

Ngi ta to nn mt lp bng trong sut v chc c mt dy

cn thit l 10mm hay 20mm.
Phng php th ngim in hnh to nn bng l nh
a) Dao cch ly v tr m hoc ng, gim nhit
ca khng kh xung n 20C v c ti nc c lm
lnh trc. Tip tc ti nc nh vy trong t nht 1h m nhit
khng kh vn duy tr trong min t 0,5 n 30C.
b) Tip theo thao tc a) gim nhit ca bung xung
n khong t -70 n -30C v vn tip tc ti nc. Tc
thay i nhit khng phi l tc ti hn m
c th l tc t c vi thit b lm lnh c sn.
c) Duy tr nhit ca phng trong min t -7 0 n -30C
v tip tc ti nc cho n khi o c b dy quy nh
ca lp bng phn trn ca thanh ng th nghim.
Nn iu chnh lng nc ti to nn trn ton dao cch
ly mt lp bng ng li vi tc vo khong 6mm/h.
d) Ngng ti nc v duy tr nhit ca bung trong min
t -70 n -30C t nht trong 4h. Thao tc cui cng ny
cho php tin chc l tt c cc phn t ca dao cch ly
v lp bng t ti mt nhit khng i n
nh.
Tip sau thi k lo ho, phi kim tra s vn hnh chnh
xc ca dao cch ly v cc thit b ph ca n.
6.103.4.2. Kim tra thao tc
Nu dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c iu khin
bng tay th kt qu th nghim c xem l tho mn,
nu thit b c th thao tc bng tay v khng chu mt
h hng no c th lm cho thao tc c kh v in ca n
sau ny b ri lon.
Nu dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c iu khin
bng in, bng kh nn hoc bng thu lc, th kt
qu th nghim c xem l tho mn, nu thit b thc
hin hon chnh thao tc ca mnh in p nh mc
ca thit b iu khin m khng chu mt h hng no
c th lm ri lon thao tc c v in ca n sau ny.
Khi hon thnh vic th nghim v khi nhit tr v
nhit ca mi trng bnh thng, c th chng minh
trng thi cc tip im khng c mt thay i no ng
k bng cch o in tr cc tip im .

6.104. Vn hnh cc nhit gii hn

Cc th nghim ny ch p dng cho cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly
ni t loi t ngoi tri v c tin hnh theo yu cu ca bn s
dng.
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49

Cc th nghim c thc hin cc gi tr nh mc ca in p

v p lc ca ngun cung cp.
Ngi ta c th ch th nghim cc phn t n cc ca thit b ba
cc nu nh mi cc c thit b iu khin ring. Trng hp mt
thit b ba cc c c cu iu khin chung, th phi th nghim
thit b trng thi ba cc trn vn. Tuy nhin, vi cc thit b c
in p nh mc cao hn 72,5kV, c th ch cn th nghim mt
phn t n cc c iu khin bng c cu thao tc chung, v
ngi ta khng th lp cc thit b ba cc tng ng vi cc in p
y mt cch y trong phn ln cc phng th nghim. Tuy
nhin, khuyn nn thay i trong chng mc c th cc khong cch
c th thc hin c th nghim c ba cc cng lc.
6.104.1. Vn hnh nhit cc tiu ca khng kh mi trng
Dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t v tr ng cng nh cc
thit b iu khin ca n u c t trong bung th
nghim. Nhit c gim xung n nhit ti thiu ca
khng kh mi trng tng ng vi cp ca thit b (xem mc
2.1 ca n phm 694 IEC) v duy tr nhit trong mt
thi gian di cn bng nhit. Sau thit b phi c
thao tc 10 chu trnh v phi thao tc ng.
Cho php a in p vo cc phn t t nng thit b
iu khin trong qu trnh th nghim.
6.104.2. Vn hnh nhit cc i ca khng kh mi trng
Dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t v tr ng cng vi
cc thit b iu khin v cc thit b ph ca n c t
trong bung th nghim. Nhit c nng ln n nhit
cc i ca khng kh mi trng l 400C (xem mc 2.1 ca n
phm 694 IEC) v duy tr nhit trong thi gian
lu t c trng thi cn bng nhit. Sau thit b
phi thao tc chnh xc trong 10 chu k thao tc.
7. Th nghim c th hng lot
p dng iu 7 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu b sung sau y vo
danh mc cc th nghim c bit hng lot.
7.1. Th nghimchu ng kh in p tn s cng nghip
ca mch chnh
p dng mc 7.1 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung sau
y.
V th nghim cc dao cch ly, cc iu kin th nghim l cc
iu kin cho bng VIII.
Bng VIII. Th nghim in p tn s cng nghip
iu kin th nghim
s

Dao cch ly v tr

in p t
vo

t ni vi

1*

ng

AaCc

BbF

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IEC 1984
2*
3
4

(*)

50

ng
m
m

Bb
ABC
abc

AaCcF
abcF
BBCF

Nu cch in gia cc cc l khng kh p lc kh quyn th cc

iu kin s 1 v s 2 c th phi hp bng cch t in p th
nghim vo gia mt bn l cc phn t ca mch chnh ni chung vi
nhau, v mt bn l b my.

i vi vic th nghim cc dao cch ly ni t, in p th nghim

c tng ln n gi tr chu ng quy nh v duy tr trong 1
pht. in p c t vo gia cc u cc c cch in, v
gia tt c cc cc c cch in ni chung vi nhau v b my
c ni t, dao cch ly ni t v tr m.
7.2. Th nghim in p chu ng cho cc mch ph v mch
iu khin
p dng mc 7.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
7.3. o in tr mch chnh
p dng mc 7.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
7.101. Th nghim thao tc c kh
Cc th nghim thao tc u c tin hnh bit chc rng cc
dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t thao tc trong cc iu kin
quy nh, trong cc gii hn quy nh v in p v p lc ca
ngun cung cp cho cc thit b iu khin.

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51

Trong qu trnh cc th nghim c tin hnh khng c in p

cng khng c dng in trong mch chnh, c bit phi kim tra
xem cc dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t m v ng c ng
khng khi thit b iu khin ca chng u c cp in p hoc
p lc. Ngi ta cng kim tra bit tc ng ca thit b khng
gy mt h hng no cho dao cch ly hoc cho dao cch ly ni t.
Cc th nghim bao gm:
a) Th nghim in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp v/hoc
p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn, cn cho cc dao
cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t: 50 chu trnh thao tc.
b) Th nghim in p cc i quy nh ca ngun cung cp
v/hoc p lc cc i ca ngun cung cp kh nn: 10 chu
trnh thao tc.
c) Th nghim in p cc tiu quy nh v/hoc p lc cc
tiu ca ngun cung cp kh nn: 10 chu trnh thao tc.
Trong qu trnh cc th nghim , khng c tin hnh mt vic
iu chnh no, v vn hnh ca my phi khng c s c. V tr
ng v m phi t c trong qu trnh mi mt chu trnh thao
tc.
Sau cc th nghim , khng mt phn no ca dao cch ly hoc
dao cch ly ni t phi chu h hng.

8. Hng dn chn dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t tu theo

iu kin vn hnh
8.101. Tng qut
Mt dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t thch hp vi mt chc
nng vn hnh no c chn trong cc iu kin tt nht bng
cch xem cc c tnh nh mc ring m cc iu kin ti bnh
thng v cc iu kin s c i hi.
Cc bng phi hp cc gi tr nh mc cho cc dao cch ly v dao
cch ly ni t cho mc 4.107.
iu mong mun l cc gi tr nh mc ca dao cch ly hoc dao
cch ly ni t u c chn trong cc bng theo cc c tnh
ca li v s pht trin d tnh ca li.
Danh mc y cc c tnh nh mc cho iu 4.
Khi chn mt dao cch ly hay mt dao cch ly ni t, cc c tnh
khc cn lu l:
- Cc iu kin a phng v kh quyn v kh hu.
- S dng my cc cao ln chng hn.
Cc cng bc do cc iu kin s c t ra m dao cch ly hoc
dao cch ly ni t cn phi x l c xc nh bng cch tnh
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52

dng in s c ti ni b tr dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t

c d kin trn li theo phng php c tha nhn.
Khi chn mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t, khuyn nn xt
n s pht trin c th trong tng lai ca ton b li in,
lm sao cho dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c th thch hp
khng nhng vi cc nhu cu trc mt, m c cc i hi tng lai.

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8.102. Chn cc c tnh nh mc cho cc iu kin vn

hnh bnh thng
8.102.1. Chn in p nh mc
in p nh mc ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t
phi c chn t nht bng in p cao nht ca li ti ni m
dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t c lp t.
in p nh mc ca dao cch ly hoc ca dao cch ly ni
t phi c chn trong cc gi tr tiu chun cho mc 4.1
ca n phm 694 IEC.
Cc t hp thch dng ca in p nh mc ca dng in
ngn hn cho php nh mc, ca gi tr nh ca dng cho
php nh mc v ca dng nh mc cho php khi vn
hnh lin tc c cho trong cc bng phi hp ca mc 4.107.
Vic chn in p nh mc cng phi tnh n cc mc
cch in nh mc tng ng quy nh mc 4.2.
Cc in p nh mc cho trong cc bng c cp
n trn y l cc in p gia cc pha.
8.102.2. Phi hp cch in
Mc cch in nh mc ca mt dao cch ly hoc dao cch
ly ni t phi c chn t cc bng I n IV ca n phm
694 IEC. Thc t thng dng M v Canaa cho trong bng I
ca tiu chun ny.
Khi mt dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t c d kin b tr
ti mt ni cn mt mc cch in cao hn, th iu
phi c quy nh trong khi u thu (xem mc 9.101).
8.102.3. Chn dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc
Gi tr ca dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc ca mt dao
cch ly ni t phi c chn trong xri R10 (xem mc 4.4.1
ca n phm 694 IEC).
Cc t hp thch dng ca dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin
tc, ca in p nh mc, ca dng in ngn hn cho
php nh mc v ca gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh
mc u cho trong cc bng phi hp ca mc 4.107.
Cn ghi nh rng i vi cc dao cch ly khng c quy nh v
kh nng qu cng lu di. Do , khi chn mt dao cch
ly, th dng nh mc ca n khi vn hnh lin tc phi ph
hp vi tt c cc dng ph ti c th c khi vn hnh.
Khi thy trc c th c qu cng t on, nhng ln v
thng xy ra th phi tham kho kin nh ch to.
Ghi ch - R rng l dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc tng ng
vi dng in m dao cch ly c th chu thng xuyn, tr
cc trng hp s dng c bit. Cc iu kin nh vy c th
gp, chng hn trong trng hp mt s dao cch ly ca cc
my pht in c th v tr ng rt lu v vi dng
in gm vi dng nh mc ca n khi vn hnh lin tc
m khng thao tc v trong mt mi trng nng. Trong cc trng hp nh vy nn tham kho nh ch to.

8.102.4. iu kin a phng v kh quyn v kh hu

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Cc iu kin kh quyn v kh hu bnh thng i vi cc

dao cch ly v cc dao cch ly ni t u cho mc 2.1 ca
n phm 694 IEC.
Ngi ta phn bit cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t cc
loi -5 t trong nh v -25 t trong nh -25 t
ngoi tri v -40 t ngoi tri tng ng vi cc nhit
ti thiu khc nhau ca mi trng. Khi i hi cc nhit
thp hn th cn phi nu r rng v chnh xc.
Cn tham kho kin nh ch to khi mt thit b dng
t mt ni c nhit khng kh mi trng c th gim
xung qu -250C cho thit b trong nh v xung qu -40 0C cho
thit b ngoi tri, hoc nu nhit c th vt qu 400C
(hoc gi tr trung bnh trong 24h vt qu 350C).
i vi cc dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t dt ngoi tri, cc
iu kin kh quyn trong mt vi vng l bt li do khi, do
hi ho cht, do sng m c mui v cc iu kin khc tng
t. Khi c cc iu kin bt li nh vy bit trc th cn ch
n vic thit k cc phn ca dao cch ly hay dao cch ly
ni t, c bit l cc tr cch in l cc b phn bnh
thng c ph by ra kh quyn.
Tnh nng ca mt tr cch in trong cc iu kin kh
quyn nh vy cn ph thuc vo tn sut tin hnh ma nhn
to hoc lau chi t nhin. V cht lng ca mt tr cch
in trong cc iu kin nh vy ph thuc vo nhiu yu t,
nn khng th cho cc nh ngha chnh xc v cc kh
quyn nhim
bnh th ng v nhim mnh.
Kinh nghim trong vng m tr cch in c s dng l
mt ti liu hng dn tt nht.
Nn tham kho kin nh ch to, nu nh dao cch ly hoc
dao cch ly ni t phi t trong vng m p lc gi vt qu
700Pa. Nu dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t phi c b
tr trong mt vng d tnh c lp bng dy hn 1mm, th nn
c s tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng v kh nng
tc ng ng ca dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t trong
cc iu kin nh vy (v th nghim vn hnh trong cc diu
kin nghim ngt hnh thnh bng, xin xem mc 6.103). V
nguyn tc, cng cn c s tho thun gia nh ch to v
bn s dng nu d kin t cc thit b ti cc vng c
ng t.
i vi vic lp t trong nh, trong cc vng ven bin, ni c
cc vn nhim v mui, th khuyn nn s dng cc
thit b t ngoi tri.
8.102.5. S dng my cc cao ln
Cc iu kin vn hnh bnh thng ca mc 2.1 ca n phm
694 IEC thch hp vi cc dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t d
kin lp cc cao khng qu 1000m.
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Vi cc cng trnh phi lp cc cao ln hn 1000m, th

phi tham kho kin nh ch to.
8.102.6. Chn dng ngn hn cho php nh mc v thi gian ngn
mch nh mc
V nguyn tc, gi tr ca dng ngn hn cho php nh
mc phi chn trong xri R10 (xem mc 4.5 ca n phm 694
IEC).
Cc t hp thch hp ca dng ngn hn nh mc cho php,
ca gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc, ca in p
nh mc, ca dng in nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc c
cho trong cc bng phi hp ca chng 4.107.
Gi tr chun ca thi gian ngn mch nh mc, c quy
nh mc 4.7 ca n phm 694 IEC l 1s.
Tuy nhin, nu cn c mt thi gian di hn, th khuyn nn
ly thi gian l 3s.
Vi cc thi gian ln hn thi gian nh mc, th quan h gia
dng in v thi gian c cho cng thc
I2 t = const,

tr khi c quy nh khc

8.102.7. Chn gi tr nh ca dng in cho php nh mc v

ca kh nng ng ngn mch nh mc i vi cc dao cch
ly ni t
Dao cch ly hay dao cch ly ni t c chn phi c mt gi
tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc t nht bng gi tr
nh ca dng s c.
Tr khi c quy nh ngc li, gi tr nh ca dng nh mc
cho php l bng 2,5 ln (ngha l xp x 1,8 2 ln) dng
ngn hn cho php nh mc.
Trong mt s trng hp, v d khi c cc mt cm ng rt
gn v mt in, th gi tr nh ca dng in s c c
th ln hn 2,5 ln dng in ngn hn cho php nh mc.
Trong cc trng hp nh vy, cn trnh cc kiu thit k c
bit v nn chn mt dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t
bnh thng c gi tr nh ca dng in cho php nh
mc thch hp.
Cc iu xem xt ny cng p dng cho dng in ng
ngn mch nh mc ca dao cch ly ni t khi xt thy
cn thit.
9. Cc thng tin cn cho trong u thu, nhn thu v t
hng
9.101. Cc thng tin cn cho khi u thu v t hng
Mun u thu hay t hng mt dao cch ly hoc mt dao cch
ly ni t, bn t hng cn cung cp cc thng tin sau:
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1) Cc c tnh ring ca li, ngha l in p danh nh,

in p cao nht, tn s, s pha v cch thc ni t ca
im trung tnh.
2) Iu kin vn hnh bao gm nhit cc tiu v cc i
ca khng kh mi trng, nu nh cc gi tr ny ln hn cc
gi tr bnh thng, cao, nu ln hn 1000m, v cc
iu kin c bit khc c th c hoc c th pht sinh,
v d nh gy n bt thng khi gp hi, mc m, khi,
khi gp kh n, khi qu nhiu bi hoc khng kh nhim
mn (xem mc 8.102.4 v 8.102.5).
3) Cc c tnh ca dao cch ly hoc ca dao cch ly ni
t. Cn cho cc thng tin sau y:
a) S lng cc
b) Loi: t trong nh hoc ngoi tri
c) in p nh mc
d) Mc cch in nh mc, nu nh c s la chn gia cc
mc cch in tng ng vi mt in p nh mc
cho hoc, nu n khc vi mc cch in nh mc
hoc, khc mc cch in mong mun.
e) Tn s nh mc
f) Dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc (ch cho dao cch ly
m thi)
g) Dng ngn hn cho php nh mc
h) Dng ng ngn mch hn mc nu c (ch cho dao
cch ly ni t m thi)
i) Gi tr quy nh v thi gian ngn mch, nu nh n khc
vi gi tr tiu chun
j) Lc c kh tc ng ln cc u cc
k) iu kin lp v u ni dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni
t
l) Cc th nghim mu quy nh theo t hng c bit
(nhim bn nhn to v nhiu lon v tuyn in)
m) Vi cc dao cch ly c in p nh mc 300kV: in
p nh mc chu xung thao tc thuc loi A hoc loi B.
4) Cc c tnh ca c cu iu khin v thit b gn lin,
c bit l:
a) Phng php iu khin, bng tay hoc bng ngun nng
lng bn ngoi
b) S lng v loi cc tip im ph d phng
c) in p nh mc v tn s nh mc ca ngun cung
cp.
5) Cc yu cu v vic s dng kh nn v cc yu cu v ch
to v th nghim cc bnh chu p lc
Ghi ch - Khuyn bn t hng nn ch r cc iu kin c bit
cha c nu ra trn y v c th c nh hng n vic
nhn thu hoc t hng.

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9.102. Cc thng tin cn cho vic nhn thu

Khi bn t hng mun bit cc c tnh k thut ca mt dao
cch ly hoc ca mt dao cch ly ni t nu c, khuyn nh ch
to, nn cho cc thng tin sau y cng vi cc ti liu m t v bn
v.
9.102.1. Gi tr nh mc v c tnh
a) s cc
b) loi: t trong nh hay t ngoi tri
c) in p nh mc
d) Mc cch in nh mc
e) tn s nh mc
f) dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc (ch cho dao cch ly
m thi)
g) dng ngn hn cho php nh mc
h) dng ng ngn hn nh mc (ch cho dao cch ly ni
t m thi)
i) cc th nghim mu quy nh theo t hng c bit (
nhim nhn to, nhiu lon v tuyn in)
j) i vi cc dao cch ly c in p nh mc 300kV cn
cho bit in p nh mc chu xung thao tc thuc loi A
hoc loi B.
9.102.2. Th nghim mu
Chng ch hoc bo co theo t hng.
9.102.3. Cc chi tit ch to
a) Khi lng ca dao cch ly hoc ca dao cch ly ni t y
.
b) p lc v cc gii hn p lc trong dao cch ly hay dao
cch ly ni t phi vn hnh ng (nu iu khin kh
nn hoc iu khin thu lc).
c) Khong cch cch in trong khng kh
- gia cc cc
- so vi t
- i vi khong cch cch ly (ch i vi cc dao cch ly m
thi)
d) i vi t hp c cc phn t tch ri: cch thc hin v iu
chnh khong cch cch ly hoc khong cch cch in gia
cc tip im m.
9.102.4. C cu iu khin dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t v
cc thit b gn lin
a) Loi c cu iu khin
b) in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp v/hoc p lc nh
mc ca c cu iu khin
c) Dng in yu cu in p nh mc ca ngun cung
cp thao tc dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t
d) Lng kh yu cu quy v p lc kh quyn thao tc dao
cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t p lc nh mc ca
ngun cung cp.
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e) S lng v loi tip im ph

f) Thit k ca thit b kho hoc phng tin thc hin kho
lin ng v tr
g) Thit k ca thit b ch th v tn hiu

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9.102.5. Kch c chung v cc thng tin khc

Nh ch to cn cho bit cc thng tin cn thit v kch c
chung ca dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly ni t trong cc v
tr m v ng v cc thng tin chi tit v thit k mng. Cc
thng tin chung v bo dng my (xem mc 10.3 ca n phm
694 IEC) cng cn c cho.
10. Quy tc v chuyn ch, lu kho, lp t v bo dng
p dng iu 10 ca n phm 694 IEC.
10.1. Cc iu kin cn tun th trong lc chuyn ch, lu kho
v lp t
p dng mc 10.1 ca n phm 694 IEC.
10.2. Lp t
p dng mc 10.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
10.3. Bo dng
p dng mc 10.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.

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Hnh 1 - Phn tip im c nh song song vi dy dn

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Hnh 2 - Phin tip im c nh vung gc vi dy dn

Hnh 3 - Trng hp dng cc dy dn cng

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Ghi ch. - Cn lu rng cc lc khng tiu biu ca cc iu kin lm vic

khng c a vo bi cc u ni vi ngun cung cp.
Hnh 4 - V d v mt cch b tr th nghim ba pha cho cc dao cch
ly c in p nh hn hoc bng 52kV c gi tr nh ca dng
cho php nh mc khng qu 100kA.

Tr khi c quy nh ngc li, vi cc dao cch ly c ti dc khng ng k trn cc

u cc v c ni bng cc dy dn mm.

x1 = 2y
x2 = 0,5y
y = khong cch nh nht gia cc trc ca cc cc cnh nhau do nh ch
to quy nh

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Ghi ch. 1- ng lc, vng, s lng thanh dng,.v. v... ca cc dy dn mm

ang c nghin cu, v do , phi c xc nh theo tho thun
gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
2 - Cn lu l cc lc khng tiu biu ca cc iu kin lm vic khng do
cc u ni vi ngun cung cp a vo.
3 - Theo nguyn tc, hnh 5 cng p dng cho c vic th nghim cc dao
cch ly ni t vi vic b tr dy ni t thch hp.
4 - Cc dao cch ly dng trong cc cng trnh c dy dn cng c th c
th nghim theo cng cch b tr, nhng vi cc dy dn cng v x 1 =
1,2y; x2 = 0,5y.

Hnh 5 - V d v mt cch b tr th nghim mt pha cho cc dao

cch ly c khong cch cch ly ngang v c in p nh
mc cao hn 52kV.

y = khong cch nh nht gia cc trc ca cc

cc k nhau, do nh ch to quy nh

Dao cch ly c ti c kh nh mc c gi tr nh trn cc u cc

B tr th nghim a)
Cc dy dn mm hoc chm c no cht vo cc im I v II v c bt cht
vo dao cch ly khng c ng lc dc trn cc u cc
Phng n b tr th nghim b)
Dy dn cng bt cht vo dao cch ly v vo im I

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Dao cch ly c ti c kh nh mc ln trn cc u cc

B tr th nghim b)
Cc dy dn mm hoc chm c bt cht trn dao cch ly truyn ti in v c no cht vo im I. Ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc ph hp vi cc ch
dn ca mc 4.103.
Ghi ch. 1- ng lc, vng, s lng thanh dng,.v. v... ca cc dy dn

mm ang c nghin cu, v do , phi c xc nh theo

tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
2 - Cn lu l cc lc khng tiu biu ca cc iu kin lm vic
khng do cch u ni vi ngun cung cp a vo.
3 - Theo nguyn tc, hnh 6 cng p dng cho th nghim cc
dao cch ly ni t c cch b tr dy ni t thch hp.
Hnh 6 - V d v b tr th nghim mt pha cho cc dao cch ly c khong
cch cch ly thng ng v c in p nh mc cao hn 52kV.

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y = khong cch nh nht gia cc trc ca cc

cc k nhau, do nh ch to quy nh
Ghi ch. 1 - nh ngha y v cch b tr th nghim ang c nghin cu,
do hin nay n phi l mt i tng tho thun gia nh ch to
v bn s dng.
2 - Gii hn di cho khong cch Z gia cc dy dn song song: Z=0,5 ln
khong cch nh nht gia cc cc, do nh ch to quy nh.

Hnh 7 - V d v cch b tr th nghim mt pha cho cc dao cch ly c

khong cch cch ly ng in p nh mc cao hn 52kV v
s dng vi cc dy dn cng.

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Hnh 8 - V d v im t cc ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc
mt dao cch ly c hai ct.

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